2015-2016学年牛津沪教版初中英语七年级下同步课堂笔记Unit - 3 - - Our - animal - friends - 图文

2015-2016学年牛津沪教版初中英语七年级下同步课堂笔记

Unit 3 Our animal friends

Words

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W1. blind adj. 瞎的；失明的 v. 弄瞎 n. 借口 blinder n. 眼罩

e.g. Robert is blind in the left eye. W2. radio n. 无线电广播【U】；收音机【C】 recorder n. 录音机

radio表示“无线电广播”时是不可数名词，表示“收音机”时是可数名词，复数形式是radios。

e.g. The captain of the ship sent a message by radio.

W3. programme n. 节目；程序 v. 计划；编程（美式：program） programmer n. 程序设计者；节目编排者

e.g. Did you watch that programme about Paris on TV last night? W4. helpful adj. 有用的；有帮助的

opposite word: unhelpful adj. 无益的；不愿帮助的 help v.& n. 帮助；帮忙

helpless adj. 无助的；无自理能力的 e.g. The book about diet is very helpful. W5. rescue n. 营救 v. 营救；救援 rescuer n. 拯救者

rescue sb from 从......把某人营救出来

e.g. The rescue work started immediately after the earthquake. The soldier rescued five children from the river. W6. mean v. 表示......的意思 mean-meant-meant

meaning n. 意义；含义

What does ... mean? = What’s the meaning of ...? e.g. What does the sign mean?

=What’s the meaning of the sign? W7. receptionist n. 接待员

recept n. 感受；感觉 reception n. 接待处

e.g. You can ask the receptionist for some information. W8. allow v. 允许进入（或出去；通过）

allowance n. 津贴；补贴 v. 给零用钱或津贴 allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 allow doing sth 允许做某事 e.g. We don’t allow pets here. 各种“允许”：

(1) allow强调”默许“。

(2) permit有时可与allow通用，不过它更强烈些，可用于 “明文规定允许或不允许”。

? e.g. The policemen permitted him to park here.

? (3) admit,其实我不想把它和上面几个词归类的，因为上面几个都是表示”允许做某

件事，或不允许做某件事“。admit其实只是表示”允许进入，接受（入学，入会）等。

? e.g. Officials admit that they made mistakes. ? W9. pet n. 宠物

? 区别：bet v. 赌博 wet adj. 潮湿的 yet conj. 然而；但是 set v. 放

置；安置 get v. 得到；到达 jet n. 喷气式飞机 let v. 让 net n. 网

? People often keep dogs or cats as pets. ? W10. anywhere adv. 任何地方

? anywhere常用于否定句或一般疑问句中，替代somewhere。注意：somewhere（某

处）, anywhere（任何地方）和nowhere（任何地方都不）之间的区别。 ? e.g. They live somewhere in the south of England.

? Did you go anywhere interesting for your holiday? ? I’m staying here. I’m not going anywhere. ? I don’t like this town. There is nowhere to go. ? W11. apologize v. 道歉

? apology n. 道歉；谢罪（pl. apologies）

? apologize是一个不及物动词，后接道歉对象时须加介词to；接道歉理由时须加介词

for，for后面可跟名词或V-ing形式（apologize to sb for sth）。 ? e.g. I apologized to John for losing his book. ? Please accept my apologies. ? W12. lead v. 带领（lead-led-led） ? leader n. 领导；领袖

? lead sb to sp = take sb to sp 带某人去某地 ? e.g. He led us out into the garden. ? W13. bark v. （狗）吠叫 n. 吠声 ? e.g. The dog always barks at strangers.

? W14. wake v. 醒来；唤醒；弄醒（wake-woke-woken） ? wake up 醒来

? e.g. I was woken by the noise.

? W15. towel n. 毛巾（区别：tower n. 塔）

? e.g. We should change the towels every three months. ? W16. bottom n. 底部

? on the bottom of （外侧的）底部 ? at the bottom of （物体的）底部

? in the bottom of （内侧的；物体本身的）底部

? e.g. There is a beautiful beach at the bottom of the steps. ? W17. finally adv. 终于；最后

? 相近：at last 最终；终于 in the end 最后；终于 ? e.g. Finally, we all arrived at the top of the mountain safely. ? W18. airport n. 机场 ? port n. 港口

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

? ? ? ? ? ?

e.g. My cousin will meet me at the airport. W19. appear v. 出现

appearance n. 外貌；外观（disappearance n. 消失；消散） opposite word：disappear v. 消失

e.g. We waited for an hour but he didn’t appear. W20. act v. 扮演（戏剧、电影中的角色） actor n. 男演员 actress n. 女演员 区别：art n. 艺术；文艺

e.g. The actor acted as Romeo in the film. W21. climb v. 攀登；攀爬

climb中的“b”是不发音的，同样的词有：tomb, bomb, comb... climb up 向上爬

e.g. He forgot to take his key and had to climb into the house. W22. dark adj. 黑暗的

opposite word：bright adj. 明亮的

e.g. The sky became dark suddenly. Soon it rained. W23. nothing pron. 没有什么；没有一件东西 nothing = not anything

e.g. There is nothing in the bag. = There isn’t anything in the bag. W24. rock n. 礁石；摇滚乐

stone n. 石头 marble n. 大理石 granite n. 花岗岩 e.g. The rock is about 80 metres downstream（下游）. W25. shark n. 鲨鱼

区别：sharp adj. 敏锐的；锋利的 e.g. The shark has sharp teeth. W26. towards prep. 朝着；向着

toward prep. 对于；向 adj. 即将到来的；进行中的 forwards adv. 向前方；继续向前

forward adj. 向前方的 adv. 前进地 v. 促进；助长 e.g. He walked towards the supermarket. W27. scared adj. 害怕的；恐惧的

相近：frightened adj. 惊吓的；惊恐的

scare v. 使恐惧；使害怕（≈frighten v. 使惊吓；惊恐） e.g. I’m scared of the dark. W28. huge adj. 巨大的 各种“大”：big（大的），great（伟大的），large（大的），enormous（巨大的），colossal（巨大的），vast（巨大的），tremendous（极大的），gigantic（庞大的），monumental（极大的），immense（极大的）…… e.g. Damon is a huge man.

W29. creature n. 生物；动物

create v. 创造；创作 creative adj. 有创造性的 e.g. The creature lived 400 million years ago. W30. fin n. 鳍；鳍状物；翼

fin在英语当中是“鳍”的意思，而在法语当中，却是“结束”的意思。

? e.g. The aircraft has a long tail fin. ? W31. dolphin n. 海豚

? e.g. I like dolphins very much, and they look so lovely.

Expressions

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E1. lead (sb) to... 带着（某人）到…… E2. by oneself 独自

E3. as soon as 一……就…… E4. fall asleep 入睡 E5. wake up 醒来

E6. get down 蹲下；趴下 E7. fire engine 消防车 E8. arrive at 到达

E9. help oneself to 随便吃……

E10. with one’s help 在某人的帮助下

Language Points

? ? ? ? ?

LP1. One day, John Dancer and Charlie arrived at a hotel. arrive at 到达

e.g. We arrived at the airport at four o’clock. 区别arrive, get和reach：

(1)arrive是不及物动词，属于较正式的用于，后常接介词at或in。一般来说，in后接大地方（如国家、城市、地区等），at后接小地方（如车站、影院等具体地点），如果接地点副词（如home等），则不需要用介词。

e.g. Do you know what time the plane arrives in Moscow?

They arrived at the station at eight o’clock this morning. She arrived home late yesterday.

(2)reach是及物动词，直接接宾语，无需介词。和arrive一样，属于较正式的用语。 e.g. They reached Beijing on 10 February.

(3)get和arrive一样，也是不及物动词，但它多用于口语，其后接的介词是to，如果后面接副词，则不用介词to。

e.g. I get to school at 7:30 every day, and get home at 5:00 in the afternoon. The visitors got there last night.

实际上，arrive, reach和get区别不大，区别主要在于及物动词、不及物动词以及介词的使用：

e.g. Mr. Green arrived in Wuhan last night. = Mr. Green reached Wuhan last night. = Mr. Green got to Wuhan last night.

LP2. You’re welcome to stay, but I’m sorry that we don’t allow pets here. (1) welcome adj. 受到欢迎的 e.g. You are welcome in my home.

日常交际：- Thank you. - You’re welcome./ Not at all./ That’s all right. (2) I am sorry that...后可跟陈述句表达“本人对……感到抱歉”之意。 e.g. I am sorry that I broke your model car just now. LP3. I’m blind and I can’t go anywhere by myself. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

? by oneself意思是“独自；单独”，相当于alone的意思。

? e.g. The old man lives all by myself in that big house. = The old man lives all alone in

that big house.

? LP4. The receptionist apologized and led John and Charlie to their room. ? 关于lead to：

? (1)lead (sb) to 带着（某人）到……（例句中表达的即此意思） ? e.g. She led the horse back to the stable（马厩）. ? (2)lead to 通向……

? e.g. The roads leads to the sea. ? (3)lead to 导致……

? e.g. His carelessness led to this serious traffic accident. ? LP5. He soon fell asleep. ? 关于“睡觉”

? (1)fall asleep意思是指“入睡；睡着”，表示一个动作的过程，侧重于“自然而然地入

睡，不想入睡而入睡”的含义（区别：feel sleepy 想睡）。

? e.g. He was just falling asleep when there was a loud knock at the door.

? (2)sleep强调“睡觉”这一动作，是延续性动词，可与表示时间的状语连用。 ? e.g. He slept for eight hours.

? (3)be asleep表示“睡着”的状态，是系表结构，其中asleep不能用very修饰，只能

用sound，fast等词修饰。

? e.g. The baby is fast/ sound asleep.

? (4)go to sleep指“入睡；进入梦乡”这个动作，即begin to sleep。 ? e.g. He was so tired that he went to sleep soon. ? (5)go to bed意思是“就寝；上床睡觉”，着重指上床准备睡觉的动作，无“睡着”之意。

一般来说，是go to bed在前，然后才是go to sleep/ fall asleep的。

? e.g. He usually goes to bed at ten o’clock and goes to sleep/ falls asleep five minutes

later.

? LP6. Some time later, Charlie started barking. ? (1)some time later意思是“过了一会儿；一些时间之后”，这里的later是副词，它的

前面常常可以加上一段时间，表示“……（时间）之后；过了……（时间）”。 ? e.g. Eight years later, the little boy became an excellent university student.

? (2)some time, sometime, sometimes和some times这四个短语在上学期已经讲解过，

现在我们重新复习一下。

? a. sometime为副词，意思是“某个时候”。可指过去或将来的某个时候，对它提问常

用when。

? e.g. This house was built sometime around 1980. ? We’ll take our holiday sometime in August.

? b. sometimes为副词，意思是“有时候”，表示事情发生的频度，对它提问常用how

often。

? e.g. I sometimes have letters from him.

? c. some time为名词短语，表示“一段时间”，time在这里是不可数名词，对它提问

常用how long。

? e.g. We plan to stay in Hainan for some time.

? d. some times为名词短语，表示“几次；几倍”，time在这里是可数名词，对它提问

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