最新专升本英语复习资料1

第一节 概 念 一、开音节

以发音的元音字母结尾、以“元音字母+不发音的e”结尾、以“一个元音字母+一个辅音字母(r除外)+不发音的e”结尾的音节都叫开音节。 如：no， be， note.

★发音的元音字母：a， e， i， o， u 二、闭音节

以“一个元音字母+一个或几个辅音字母(r除外)”结尾的音节叫闭音节。 如：map， plan， west. 三、r音节

以“元音字母+r”构成的音节叫r音节。

如：car， doctor， teacher， dirty.

词汇与语法

40个小题，共40分。

从2002，2003年的考题看，语法占20――25分。 第一节 名 词(null) 大纲要求掌握：

一、可数名词与不可数名词 二、可数名词的复数形式 三、名词的所有格

四、名词在句子中的作用 一、可数名词与不可数名词 名词分可数与不可数两种。

可数名词表示某类人或东西中的个体。如table， country.

或表示若干个体组成的集合体。如 family， people， committee， police. 不可数名词表示无法分为个体的实物。如air， tea， furniture， water.

或表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念。如work， information， advice， happiness.

有些名词在一种场合下是可数名词，在另一种场合下是不可数名词。 如room 房间(可数)，空间(不可数) time 时间(不可数)，次数(可数)

fish 鱼(不可数)，各种各样的鱼(可数) 比较下列例句：

There are nine rooms in the house. (房间，可数名词)

There isnt enough room for us three in the car . (空间，不可数名词) 不可数名词的数量可以通过在其前面加单位词来表示。 如： 一块肉 a piece of meat 两条长面包 two loaves of bread 三件家具 three articles of furniture 一大笔钱 a large sum of money 二、可数名词的复数形式

可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。名词复数的构成如下：

1.一般情况下在名词后加-s.如：girls， books. ★浊辅音、元音结尾，s发[z] 2.以s， x ， ch， sh结尾的词在名词后加-es.如：glasses， boxes， matches， bushes. ★以s， x ， ch， sh结尾，es发[iz]

3.“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，变y为i再加-es.如：city-cities， country-countries. 4.以o结尾的词多数加-es.如：heroes， tomatoes， potatoes. radios， zoos， photos， pianos， kilos 例外。

5.f， fe 结尾的词，多数变f，fe为v再加-es.如：thief-thieves， leaf-leaves， half-halves， life-lives， wife-wives， knife-knives.

少数名词有不规则的复数形式。如：man-men， woman-women， foot-feet， tooth-teeth， child-children， mouse-mice.

★可数名词复数一般情况下考不规则复数形式。

个别名词的单数和复数的形式是一样的。如Chineses， Japanese， sheep， deer. 三、名词的所有格

名词的所有格表示所属关系， 起形容词的作用。

当名词表示有生命的东西时，所有格一般是在词尾加 s .

如：Jeans room， my daughter-in-laws friends， my daughters-in-laws friends， childrens books.

如果名词已经有了复数词尾s， 则只需加。如：the teachers books， my parents car. 时间名词的所有格在后面加s ，复数加 .如：todays newspaper， five minutes walk. 当名词表示无生命的东西时，所有格常由“of”短语构成。

如：the top of the world， the cover of the book， Chinas capital. 加 s 或 的名词所有格可以表示店铺或某人的家。 如：the grocers， the tailors， the Smiths . ★名词所有格考试常见部分是

名词表示没有生命的东西时，不能直接在其后加s. 时间名词所有格在其后加s，或复数名词后直接加。 四、名词在句子中的作用

名词在句子中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语，有时可以作状语。 名词、代词或其他结构作主语时，谓语动词在人称和数上必须与主语保持一致。 1.主语是可数名词单数时，谓语动词用单数形式;主语是复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。

All roads lead to Rome.(条条大路通罗马。) His brother is an industrial engineer.

The number of the students attending the party is increasing.

★the number of 表示数量，无论后面名词是复数还是单数，谓语动词是单数形式。 Two-thirds of the shop belongs to me. ★two-thirds 三分之二

几分之几作主语，谓语是单数形式。 belong to 属于某人

Both of us are studying English.

★总结：在名词作主语时，the number of 谓语动词单数形式; 几分之几，谓语单数形式; both 谓语使用复数形式。

2、主语是不可数名词、不定式或动名词词组、从句时，谓语动词用单数形式。 All the money he received was given to his mother. Forgetting the past means betrayal. What we are talking now is useless.

3.主语部分若有as well as， with， together with， like， but， except等短语，谓语动词的单、复数与短语前面的名词一致。

Mary， as well as her two sisters， is a student of this school.

(as well as her two sisters 作主语Mary的主语补足语，主语 Mary 是单数，所以谓语动词用复数形式)

No one except my friends knows anything about it.

4.表示时间、距离、重量、价值等的复数名词作主语时，如果当作整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式。“…+(×)…=…”算式中的谓语动词也用单数形式。

Three times two is six.

Three kilometers is 3，ooo metres. (three kilometers作为整体来看) 5.Either， neither作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Neither of us has been to Italy.

Has either of them been to Shanghai?

none代表可数的人或东西时，谓语动词可以用单数也可以用复数，代表不可数的东西时，谓语动词用单数形式。

None of the students have/has seen the film. None of the money belongs to me.

6.主语由either…or， neither…nor， not only…but also连接时，谓语形式由最邻近的主语决定。

Not only you but also I am wrong.

Neither my aunt nor I am going out this afternoon. Either you or she is to do the work.

7.主语中有and，如果表示单一概念，谓语动词用单数。 The bread and butter is nice.

8.主语前有many a， more than one修饰时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Many a book has been read by the students. ★many a book=many books

More than one person has been to the Great Wall.

9.集合名词作主语，当作整体看待时，谓语动词用单数形式，当作每个独立的个体看待时，谓语动词用复数。

The committee meets once a year. (作为整体)

The committee are having a meeting now. (作为独立个体) People， police作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 The police have come to arrest him. 名词部分考试重点

1、可数名词与不可数名词里，哪几个词是不可数名词。

2、可数名词复数形式重点掌握不规则形式，单、复数相同的名词。 3、名词所有格重点掌握时间名词所有格在其后加s，复数加。 4、名词在句中的作用，重点掌握刚才的9点。 考点测试

1.Ten days ______ long enough for Mr. Carter to finish his design. He doesnt need any more.

A. is B. has been C. was D. had been

ten days 作为一个整体看待，谓语用单数形式。(注意时态) 答案 A

2. Now， many people use the word Ms instead of Miss or Mrs， for example， before the names of ______ in business letters.

A. woman manager B. women manager C. woman managers D. women managers names 是复数形式，其后的名词肯定是复数。 两个名词变为复数，两个都要变。 答案 D

3. The number of students who failed the chemistry examination _____ to fifteen. A. have increased B. has increased C. is increased D. are increasing the number of 谓语动词用单数。 答案 B

4. Neither John nor his father _______ able to wake up early enough to catch the morning train.

A. was B. were C. would be D. have been

neither……nor谓语动词跟相邻的主语一致。 答案 A

5. The room is eight _______ long. A. foot B. foots C. feet D. feets foot 英尺，复数形式 feet 答案 C

6. When autumn comes， the ______ of trees begin to fall. A. leafs B. leafes C. leaves D. leaf leaf 的复数形式 leaves 答案 C

7. The flood has done _____ to this area.

A. damages B. many damages C. much damage D. damaging

8. Not only the students but also their teacher ______ at the meeting.

A. was present B. were present C. have been presented D. has been presented not only…… but also 谓语动词与相邻名词一致。 present 呈现，介绍 答案 A

9. One of the things she wrote about ______ life on a small farm at the beginning of the century.

A. is B. was C. are D. were one of 谓语用单数。 答案 B

10. Only about one out of twelve of the young men and women of this country _____ college education.

A. receive B. receives C. have received D. have been received one out of 谓语用单数形式。

答案 B

11. Never before ______ so many people been engaged in producing goods just for the comfort of man.

A. has B. have C. will D. would never before开头，句子倒装。 主语so many people为复数。 engage in doing sth. 忙于做某事。 答案 B

12. At the bus stop _______ a soldier and two young people on their way to North Carolina.

A. were B. was C. is D. sits and waits

主语 a soldier and two young people为复数 答案 A

13. There ______ the last piece of cake and the last spoonful of ice cream. A. goes B. go C. gone D. was gone

主语 the last piece of cake and the last spoonful of ice cream复数 答案 B

14. Mr. Brown， and not I ， ________ chosen to be the representative of the class. A. is B. am C. are D. have been 主语 Mr.Brown 答案 A

15. The teacher， as well as a number of students， _______ to attend the party. A. ask B. asks C. was asked D. were asked 谓语动词与as well as前面的名词一致。 答案 C

16. The hostess together with the guests of honor ________ comfortably in the living room.

A. was seated B. seated C. were seated D. were seating 谓语与 together with 前的名词一致 be seated 就坐

Please be seated ladies and gentlmen. Seat the boy next to his brother. 答案 A

17. The father， rather than the brothers， _______ responsible for the accident. A. is B. are C. have been D. has 主语 the father ，单数

be responsible for 对……负责 答案 A

18. Either Carol or Grace ______ to the concert， but one of them has to stay home. A. is coming B. are coming C. will coming D. have come either……or 谓语动词与临近主语一致。 答案 A

19. The total amount of money ______ 100 dollars. A. is B. are C. has D. have

Neither of the answers is right. Either of the books belongs to you. You and I are both to blame. You both agreed to stay.

Both 放在实意动词前，系动词be 的后面。 (二)all， none， no， one

all和none用于三者以上的场合，分别表示“全部都”和“一个都没有”，none往往与of连用。

All of us are fond of sports.(be fond of 爱好) We are all for him.(be for sb 支持某人)

Grasp all， lose all. 什么都抓，什么都抓不住。(谚) None of them know how to read and write.

A friend to all is a friend to none. 滥交者无友。(谚) None of us are perfect.

None of them has had that kind of experience.

no表示“没有”，在句子中只能作定语，相当于not a 或not any，not否定动词，no否定名词。

Time and tide wait for no man. 岁月不等人。(谚) No man is born wise. 没有人是生来聪明的。(谚) Im no dancer. (Im not a dancer.)

one 指代上文提到的人或物，前面可以加定冠词，可以有自己的定语，还可以有复数形式。

Your answer is a good one.

I dont like coloured envelopes. I like white ones. I havent got a raincoat. Ill have to buy one. (三)each， every

each 和every表示“每一个”，every 在句子中只能作定语，each 可以作主语、宾语、定语、同位语。

The headmaster shook hands with each of the teacher.(shake hands with 握手) The students try to set aside a little money each month.(set aside 节约)

From each according to his ability， to each according to his needs(work)。各尽所能，按需分配。

I have every reason to believe that she can finish the job well. There is every possibility of our winning the game.

every 还常用在every little while (每隔一会)，every other day， every three days(每隔两天)，every ten miles(每隔十英里)， every now and then (不时)，every four years， every other line， one out of every three students.

(四)few， a few， little， a little， many， much

few， a few， many 修饰或指代可数名词，little， a little， much修饰或指代不可数名词。few， little表示否定，a few， a little表示肯定，much常用于否定句中。

Many hands make light work. 人多好办事。(谚) Few words are best. 话少最好。(谚) They don?t take much interest in it. I know little about it.

There?s a little water left in the jar. Few of them have been to India.

I?ve read a few books written by Dickens.

(五)other， the other， others， the others， another

Forty people came to the meeting. Two of them were from Japan， the others from America.

Many people came to attend the meeting. Some were from Japan， others were from America.

The United States， unlike many other countries， receives a large number of immigrants every year from all over the world.

The twin sisters are so alike that we find it difficult to tell one from the other.(so……that 如此以至于 tell sb. from 区分)

Some students are watering the flowers， others are weeding the fields. The task will be finished in another three days.

Four of them are in the classroom. What about the others? Please give me another example to illustrate your point.

There are three apples on the table. One is for my mother， another is for my father and the third is for me.

七、it的用法

1.指代一个人或事物。

Its only a fifteen-minute ride to my school. It often rains in the south of China. “Whos that?” “Its Liming.” Its early spring.

2.作句子的形式主语，代替不定式、动名词或从句。 It took me five minutes to finish reading the exercise. It cost me five yuan to buy the pen.

The color TV set costs me more than 2，000 yuan. I spent ten hours in finishing the work. I spent twenty yuan on the shirt.

It is no use crying now. Youd better study hard now.(it is no use doing sth. )

To his surprise， it turned out that Tom failed the entrance examination.(to ones surprise 使某人感到惊奇)

Its a pity that you didnt watch the match.

It is necessary for us to have some exercise every day. 3.作句子的形式宾语，代替不定式、动名词或从句。 They all regard it their duty to help the poor people.

I dont think it worthwhile taking so much trouble.(Its worthwhile doing. 做……事是值得的)

We find it difficult to learn English without practicing. I think it no use telling them.

I dont think it very important that we should take part in the discussion.(take part in 参加)

He feels it his duty to help others.

4.构成强调句型。当强调的部分是主语，并且主语是人时，句型中的that 也可以换作who.

强调句基本构成 it is that…

It is in the room that we met each other for the first time.

It was not until 1936 that basketball became a part of the Olympic Games.(not until 直到……才)

It was they who attended the meeting last week.

It is because the book is so useful for my work that I bought it. 考试重点

that和those有时分别用来代表前面提到的不可数名词和名词复数，以避免重复。而可数名词单数往往用the one 或that one 来代替。that 可以指上面提到的事情，this指下面要谈的事情。

不定代词中，both 放在实意动词前，系动词be 的后面。every只能跟名词，each可以跟名词也可以不跟名词。every在代词部分要出现当每隔……讲。

few， a few， many 修饰或指代可数名词，little， a little， much修饰或指代不可数名词。few， little表示否定。

one the other，some others，the others

it用法重点就是强调句。it作为形式宾语时不接is.

代词部分的难点之一是名词型物主代词与形容词型物主代词的区别。顾名思义，形容词型物主代词起的是形容词的作用，在句子中只能作定语，名词型物主代词起的是名词的作用，代替上文出现的名词，在句子中一般作主语、宾语、表语等。

Lets clean their room first and ______ later. A. our B. us C. we D. ours

(答案为D，ours 相当于our room.) 代词部分的主要考核点是不定代词。如some， any， few， a few， little， a little， many， much， one， none， all， both， either， neither， each， every， other， another， 以及some， any， no， every 与body， one， thing 构成的合成代词。

(1)泛指与特指。如：another， other， others 是泛指，the other， the others是特指。

(2)肯定与否定。如：a few， a little， either， some 及其合成代词表示肯定，few， little， none， neither， any 及其合成代词表示否定。

(3)可数与不可数。如：few， a few， many， one 修饰或指代可数名词，little， a little， much修饰或指代不可数名词。

代词部分的另一个考核点是it. it 可以代替上文出现的单数事物。

The picture was changed while drawn from memory as it passed through the class. (it 指代the picture.)

it takes sb. some time to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做某事 It takes half an hour or so to walk to the bus stop. He made it plain that he was annoyed with me.

it 还可以构成强调句型，即“It is / was +被强调的部分+ that …”。当强调的部分是人，并且是主语时，that可以换成who.强调句去掉it is / was 与that即成为普通的句子。

It was last night that I saw you in the restaurant.

It was she who / that suggested that he go to New York in order to get a direct flight.

典型例题

1. “How often do you take the medicine ?” “______ four hours.”

A. For B. Any C. Every D. Each 答案 C

2. “Is this bike yours?” “No， its ______.”

A. Bob B. Bobs C. Bobs D. Bobs 答案 C

3. “Is there ______ good on TV this evening?” “Sorry， nothing good. ”

A. nothing B. something C. anything D. everything

肯定句中用something，否定句和疑问句中用anything. 答案 C

4. You have a good suggestion， but its not as practical as _______. A. he B. him C. his D. her 答案 C

5. A chemist prepares his experiments carefully before trying to carry _____ in his lab. A. it out B. out it C. them out D. out them carry out 实施 宾格放在词组中间，名词放在词组后面。如，carry out his experiments 答案 C

6. Nowadays _____ seems to enjoy looking at fat girls. That is why many companies have developed special foods to help people to slim(苗条)。

A. everyone B. anybody C. somebody D. no one enjoy doing sth.

anybody在疑问句和否定句中指没有人，在肯定句中指任何人。 答案 D

7. You have to hurry up if you want to buy eggs because theres hardly _____ left. A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything hardly 否定词，几乎不的意思。 答案 A

8. He felt bad because he had drunk too _____ the night before. A. many B. much C. few D. little

本题主要考查可数名词和不可数名词。 drink too much 喝多了 too much wine 太多的酒 答案 B

9. She promised her parents to write _______ while she was away. A. other day B. another day C. every other day D. any other day every other 每隔…… 答案 C

10. It was terrible. One passenger was killed， and _____ was badly hurt. A. the others B. rest C. the rest D. the other he others后面谓语动词接复数。

答案 D

11. Some people hope to be more successful while _____ simply want to feel more comfortable.

A. the others B. others C. the other D. another some others

comfortable 舒适的 答案 B

12. If anyone happens to call while I am out of the office， please have ________ leave a message for me .

A. he B. him C. they D. them have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 答案 B

13. The first thing that my brother and _______ did in the early morning was to go out to see the pony.

A. I B. me C. mine D. my pony 小马

主语 first thing，谓语动词 was to go out to see，宾语 the pony. 答案 A

14. “Id like some more bananas.” “Im sorry， there is _______ left.” A. no B. some C. few D. none 答案 D

15. There are two windows in this bedroom. _______ of them face south， overlooking a beautiful park.

A. Both B. One C. The two D. Either

either 开头谓语动词要接单数，both谓语动词用复数。 答案 A

16. The jacket doesnt fit Terry， as he has _______ huge body and the jacket is _____ small.

A. such a; such B. such a; so C. so ; so D. so ; such a

such修饰名词，so修饰形容词。 so huge the body 答案 B

17. “Why are you smiling?”

“Oh， Ive just thought of _________.” A. funny something B. something funny C. nothing funny D. funny anything

形容词修饰不定代词要放在不定代词的后面。

不定代词：something，anything，somebody，anybody，nothing，nobody. 答案 B

18. Young babies can use _________ hand equally well. A. either B. each C. both D. every 强调两者之中任何一个

答案 A

19. _______ road out of town is good， but this one is better than the other. A. Both B. All C. None D. Neither 答案 D

20. “I felt a bit hungry.”

“Why dont you have ______ bread?” A. any B. some C. little D. a piece 习语 Why dont you have some…… 答案 B

21. It was at the music hall _______ we met each other for the first time. A. when B. where C. which D. that 强调句 答案 D

22. Modern technology has made ______ possible for the whole world to be closer than ever before.

A. this B. that C. it D its it is possible ……是可能的 答案 C

23. It is during his spare time _______ John has been studying a course in French. A. when B. that C. which D. what it is…… 强调句 答案 B

24. “Have you heard the news about Tom?” “No， what _______ ?”

A. was it B. were they C. are they D. is it news 当消息讲是不可数名词 答案 D

25. I wonder why ________ possible for you to do the work by yourself. A. you B. you are C. it isnt D. you were I wonder why 宾语从句 答案 C

26. “Did Amys parents leave her any money?” “No， she has to support ______ now.”

A. herself B. by herself C. all alone D. on her own support oneself 养活自己 答案 A

27. In _____ own way， mathematics can be as creative and exciting as poetry. A. it B. its C. their D. theirs mathematics 数学(单数) 答案 B

28. Neighbors ought to respect _______ .

A. themselves B. one another C. each one D. to each other 答案 B

29. This furniture is different from _______ .

A. ones B. your C. that one D. that furniture是不可数名词， 答案 D

30. For ______ interested in nature， the club offers hikes and overnight camping each week during the summer.

A. that B. this C. these D. those

hike 徒步旅行，overnight campinng在野外露营 答案 D

31. “May I help you with some shoes， sir?” “Yes， Id like to try on those brown _______ .” A. one B. ones C. two D. pair shoes是复数，对应ones try on 试穿 答案 B

32. “Do you like the book Sidney gave you?” “Very much. Its exactly _______ I wanted.” A. one which B. the one C. one that D. one what 下文提到上文提到的单数可数名词，用the one 答案 B

33. “Shall I mail the letter for you?” “Yes ， Id appreciate ________.”

A. that you do B. you to do it C. this D. it 指代前面提到的事，用it. 答案 D

34. The patient chiefly lived on milk and fruit because he had ______ to eat. A. nothing else B. anything else C. something other D. nothing other 修饰不定代词的形容词放在不定代词的后面。 live on 以……为生 答案 A

35. ________ doesnt matter what you do at this point. A. They B. All C. He D. It it doesnt matter 没关系 答案 D

36. People have proved _________ to be true that the heat we get from coal and oil comes from the sun.

A. that B. it C. this D. /

it 是形式宾语，that从句是真正的宾语。 答案 B

37. I dont think ________ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.

A. it B. that C. this D. those 答案 A

38. “Were all three people in the car injured in the accident?” “No， ______ only the two passengers who got hurt.”

A. it was B. there is C. it were D. there was 强调句 答案 A

39. __________ he realized it was too late to return home. A. No sooner it grew dark than B. Hardly it grew dark when C. It was not until dark that D. Scarcely it grew dark when no sonner than=as soon as 一……就…… scarcely when=as soon as hardly when=as soon as 答案 C

40. It was not until she arrived in class ________ realized she had forgotten her book. A. and B. when she C. she D. that she not until 直到……才 答案 D

41. It was ______ who arrived there first ， despite our detour(绕路)。 A. us B. we C. our D. ours 答案 B

42. It was _______ the next morning that Kunta began to think about where he was going.

A. after B. before C. when D. not until after 在……之后 before 在……之前 when 当……时候 not until 直到……才 答案 D

43. It was _______ he got a map that he started on his away. A. until B. till C. not until D. not till until 直到 till 直到

not until 直到……才 答案 C 数 词(3-3~4-1) 大纲要求

基数词及其用法;序数词的构成及其用法;分数词的构成;小数的用法。 一、基数词及其主要用法 表示数目的词称基数词。15 fifteen，几百几千不加s，242 two hundred and forty-two，5058 five thousand and fifty-eight，9，600，000 nine million six hundred thousand

1.基数词可以用于数字的计算。 6+8=14 Six plus eight is fourteen. 9-7=2 Nine minus seven is two.

7X5= 35 Seven times five is thirty-five. 8÷4=2 Eight divided by four is two.

2.基数词可以表示人的大致年龄和年代。 He died in his fifties.

This took place in 1990s/1990s.

The professor became successful in his thirties. 3.基数词可以用来表达年份、时间、电话号码。 1700 seventeen hundred 1814 eighteen fourteen 9：20 nine twenty

11：30 eleven thirty/ half past eleven 5：45 five forty-five/ a quarter to six

88760231 eight eight seven， six zero two， three one 4.基数词可以用于编号。

Number six， line 4， page 19， Bus(No.) 332， Platform (No.) 5， Room 101 5.基数词可以和其他词一起构成合成形容词，在句子中作定语。 A one-month-old baby can recognize its mother by smell. This eleven-month-old baby can speak a few words. (The baby is eleven months old.)

The teacher asked us to write a four-thousand-word essay as our homework. (There are four thousand words in the essay.)

This four-paragraph essay is too difficult for me to understand. (There are four paragraphs in this essay. ) 二、序数词及其主要用法

表示顺序的词称为序数词。如first， second， third， fourth， ninth， twenty-first， forty-fifth等。

序数词可以用来表示日期和世纪。May the first / the first of May(5.1)， August the eighth / the eighth of August(8.8)， the twentieth century， the twenty-first century

序数词在句子中前面一般加the

The first of October is our National Day. She was the third to arrive.

序数词在句子中前面加不定冠词，表示“再一”又一“。 Theyll have to do it a second time. Shall I ask him a third time?

When he sat down ， a fourth man rose to ask. 三、分数词的构成

分数的分子用基数词表示，分母用序数词表示，若分子大于1，分母需用复数。 two-thirds(2/3)，one-third(1/3)， nine-tenths (9/10)， five-twelfths(5/12)。 特殊表达法有：one half (1/2)，a quarter (1/4)， three quarters (3/4) 考试重点

基数词可以和其他词一起构成合成形容词，在句子中作定语，名词不能加s.

数词部分需特别注意dozen， hundred， million， billion 等词。表示具体数字时，这些词用单数形式，表示不具体的数字时，须用dozens of， hundreds of 这类的结构。

I want three dozen of these.

He has been there dozens of times.

It is reported that _____ people in this area were saved in the storm. A. hundred B. hundred of C. hundreds of D. some hundreds (答案 C)

当数词与名词及其他词构成合成形容词时，合成形容词中间若用连字符，则其中的名词须用单数形式。

The homework for the next period is to write a two-hundred-word composition about your hometown.

Mary is a eleven-year-old girl. (Mary is eleven years old.) 典型例题

1. In ______ century computers will be used more widely.

A. twenty-one B. the twenty-one C. twenty-first D. the twenty-first 序数词前加the. 答案 D

2. The meeting will be held in _______ .

A. 112 Room B. Room 112 C. the 112 Room D. the Room 112 答案 B

3. The Great Wall of China is about 6，700 _______. A. kilometer long B. kilometers long C. kilometer longer D. kilometers longer 答案 B

4. “How many presidents were there before Abraham Lincoln?” “Fifteen， so he was ______.”

A. the sixteen president B. the sixteenth president C. president sixteen D. president the sixteenth the sixteenth president 第十六任总统 答案 B

5. “What did the professor tell you to do?” “I had to write a ______ report. ”

A. two thousand words B. two-thousands-word C. two-thousand-word D. two-thousand words 答案 C

6. “Did you buy anything at the clothing sale?”

“Yes， I bought three _____ ties for just twelve dollars.” A. five dollars B. five-dollars C. five-dollar D. fifth dollar 答案 C

7. Eight minus three _______ five. A. leave B. leaves C. left D. has left 一般现在时 答案 B

8. What date is it ? Its ________.

A. July twentieth-first B. July the twenty-first C. the twenty-first of July D. Both B and C 7月21日：July the twenty-first the twenty-first of July 答案：D

9. When he was in his ________， he got the chance to go abroad to study.

The situation is getting from bad to worse. The guest is talking from beginning to the end. 16. in(在……里) She was born in 1980. Well be back in three days.

( He came back three days ago.)

Do you work in the daytime or at night?

Well be back in no time. (in no time 立刻，马上) He is in his early thirties. (in ones thirties 三十多岁) He is always in a good mood.

(in a good mood 情绪很好 in a bad mood 情绪很糟) I have no difficulty/ trouble in solving the problem. (no difficulty in doing sth. 没有困难)

Did you have any difficulty in finding the hotel? Can you write in English?

They have done it in a wrong way. (in a wrong way 错误的方式) They accepted the plan in principle. (in principle 原则上) 17. into(进入)

Lets go into the room. I worked far into the night.

The house has been turned into a museum.(turn into 变成) We must put these theories into practice.

They all burst into laughter. (burst into 爆发) At the news， my sister burst into tears. (burst into tears 放声大哭)

I ran into my former classmate at the station. We havent seen each other for a long time. (run into 偶然碰到，偶然遇到) 18. like(像……)

He likes its mother. 他喜欢他的母亲。 The baby looks like its mother. It looks like snow.

Whats the weather like today? I dont feel like eating anything. What does it look(taste) like? 19. of(……的)

He is a friend of mine.

Have you got the Complete Works of Lu Hsun? Were of the same opinion. (be of 赞同)

Electricity is of great use in industry and everyday life. (be of use=be useful)

Your help is of great value to us. (be of value=be valuable)

I often think of the days we spent together. (think of 想起) I read it quite by chance in a magazine. (by chance 偶然)

Its very kind of you to remind me of it. (Its very kind of sb.

remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事)

The picture reminds me of the time we spent together in Dalian. Were proud of our son. (be proud of 以……为骄傲) The little boy is afraid of dogs. (be afraid of 害怕) Its just waste of time.

He is ashamed of his past. (be ashamed of 羞耻，惭愧) The village is short of water. (be short of 缺少)

I do all these of my own will. (of ones own 出于某人的意愿) 20. on(在……上)

You hit the nail on the head. 你这话击中了要害。 Put the book on the shelf， please.

My mother was born on April 14， 1947. (哪一年用in，具体到某一天用on)

He left Beijing for home on the morning of July 2.

(in the morning ，具体到某一天的上午、下午、晚上用on ) On the eve of their departure， they gave a farewell banquet. (on the eve of 在……前夕)

We usually get up late on Sunday morning. On his return he told us about the meeting.

They will go on a visit to Asia. (go on a visit=visit ) He is here on business. (be on business 做生意) She is away on a trip. (on a trip 旅行)

The workers at the airport is on strike. (be on strike 罢工) When we came back， we found our house on fire. (on fire 着火)

The professor is making a speech on the current situation.(关于) This house is on sale. (on sale 出售) Whos on duty today?

The girl insists on leaving home and depends on herself for a living. (insist on 坚持 depend on 依靠，依赖) 21. out of(出于)

Looking out of the window， I saw a girl turn round the corner. They came out of the room to welcome us.

My brother has been out of the hospital for a week. (be out of the hospital 出院 be in hospital 住院) He did it out of gratitude for us.

We helped the poor boy out of sympathy. Please get out of the way. 别挡道。

All of us were out of breath when we got to the top of the mountain. (be out of breath 气喘吁吁)

The coat is out of date. (be out of date 过时)

My mother is out of work now. (be out of work 失业)

22. since(自从)

They have been close friends since childhood.(从儿童时期他们就是好朋友) Weve always been on guard since then.(be on guard 警惕) I got to know him last year， and have been writing to each other since then.

23. through(通过、穿过)

There is a path through the garden.

Ive gone through the book.(go through 看过 浏览过) She must have been through a lot.(be through 受罪) We quickly saw through his trick.(see through 看穿) How soon will you be through? (be through 打电话) Youre through now.你的电话接通了。

He began to look through the album.(look through 翻阅) The couple went through many hardships.(go through 经历) Shes ill all through September. 24. to

All roads lead to Rome.

Did you go to the exhibition last week?

Well change the date to July 10.(to 到什么时间) Lets drink to your health.(drink to 为什么干杯)

Dont leave things to the last moment.(to the last moment 到最后一刻) I must apologize to you.

Happy Christmas! The same to you. Youre awfully nice to me.

Hainan lies to the south of Guangdong.(lie on， lie in ) To our surprise， she gave up the opportunity.(to ones suuprise 使某人感到惊奇 give up 放弃) The final score is 3：5 in our favor.

To our surprise， everything in the room is in good order.(be in good order 秩序井然) 25. under(在……的下面)

Some girls are singing under the trees.

The road is under repair.(be under repair 正在修理) From here， we can see the bridge under construction. Scientists believe that they will get weather under control some day.(under control 在控制之中)

The proposal is now under discussion.(proposal 提案)

The unpopular mayor is under constant attack in the newspapers. 26. with(和……)

Who was that with you? 你刚才和谁在一起?

Our teacher is strict with us.(be strict with sb. 对某人严格要求) My father is always patient with me.(be patient with 对某人有耐心) Were satisfied with our work.(be satisfied with 对……满意) She is discussing the idea with her tutor.

Were familiar with each other.(be famililar with 熟悉 similiar to 相似)

Her eyes were filled with tears.(be filled with 充满) Hes in bed with flu.

The ground was covered with snow.

The street is crowded with people.(be crowed with 拥挤) He wanted to kill two birds with one stone.( 一举两得) The girl greeted me with a smile.

The young man with glasses over there is my brother. Whats the matter with you?

I found the place with great difficulty.(with great difficulty费很大劲) Its hot outside. He was working there with only a T-shirt on. The girl was sitting in a chair with her hands folded. 介词考试重点：

除了要掌握介词与动词、名词、形容词的固定搭配外，还需牢记一个基本点即，介词后面接的是宾语，因此跟在其后面的主要是代词、名词或动名词及其词组，间或是宾语从句。

①Im looking forward ____ you tomorrow. A.to see B. to seeing C. seeing D. see look forward to doing 答案B

②I always arrive at the office in time， but _______ the heavy rain， Im one hour late this morning.

A.because B. because of C. as D. since because、as、since接句子 答案B

③This weekly schedule will make you more aware of how you spend your time. aware of意识到

④Ill speak to him about it. speak to sb. 对某人谈话 典型例题：

1. When the taxi came I put out my head， but it just went ______ me without stopping. A. off B. over C. through D. past put out my head(伸出头) go out(下车) go over (复习)

go through (碾过去) past (经过) 答案 D

2. His ears are highly sensitive ________ any unusual sound in the machine. A. of B. on C. to D. by sensitive to (对……敏感) 答案 C

3. He might have been killed _______ the arrival of the police. A. except for B. but for C. with D. for except for (除了)

but for (要不是)

with (和……在一起) for (因为)

except for： 除了……之外 The road was empty except for a few cars. but for： 倘无，要不是， 表虚拟语气。But for the doctors skill， he would have died. But for the rain， we should have had a very pleasant journey. 答案 B

4. Japan is __________ the east of China. A. at B in C. over D. to 答案 D

5. Try some of this tobacco. Youll say its second ______ none. A. of B. with C. to D. but

second to none=as good as the best (不亚于任何人或事物) As a dancer， she is second to none. 答案 C

6. He sold his car _________ $2，000 . A. for B. over C. in D. by 答案 A

7. “Wasnt John supposed to be here by now?”

“Dont worry. Hell be here _______ twenty minutes.” A. by at least B. around C. at nearly D. in about 答案 D

8. “Could you find an answer to your problem in the book I gave you?” “I looked at it ， but it wasnt really _______.”

A. much used B. able to use C. of usefulness D. of much use to ……的答案 key to my room(我屋子的钥匙) be of use=be useful 答案 D

9. “Are you done with the book I gave you?” “Not quite. Ive read all ______ the last chapter.” A. but B. until C. just D. yet but 除了 until 直到 just 刚好 yet 还没有 but=except

but： 主要与no one ， none， nothing， nobody等否定词用;who， where， what等疑问词;all， everyone， everything， anyone， anything，及everywhere等连用。

Who but George would do such a thing? Isnt there anything but mountains? except+句子;except for+n. except+n. 时主要与no one ， none， nothing， nobody等否定词用;all， everyone， everything， anyone， anything，及everywhere等连用。不与who，where，what等疑问词连用

答案 A

10. I agree with him ________ ， but not entirely. A. until a certain point B. to some point C. to some extent D. until a certain extent to some extent(在某种程度上) 答案 C

11. My parents are not interested in modern music. They are _______ the times. A. before B. behind C. after D. against 答案 B

12. Im rather anxious _______ her ， for I havent heard from her for a long time. A. toward B. about C. in D. over be anxious about

hear from sb.(收到某人来信) 答案 B

13. Who is responsible _______ the arrangements? A. for make B. to make C. to making D. for making be responsible for 答案 D

14. “Edward was terribly impolite to Miss Smith.” “Yes， he should be ________ himself.” A. sorry for B. sorry about

C. ashamed with D. ashamed of be impolite to sb(对某人没有礼貌) ashame of(感到羞愧)

be sorry for/about sth. 自责 Arent you sorry for/ about what youve done? be/feel sorry for sb.

(1) 同情 I feel sorry for anyone who has to drive in this bad weather?

(2)对某人有些不赞成，怜悯某人 If he doesnt realize the consequences of his actions， Im sorry for him.

答案 D

15. I am disappointed with the new officers elected in our club， but there is no point ______ about it.

A. complain B. in complaining C. for us complain D. with us to complain no point in doing sth.

point：价值 Theres not much point in complaining， they never take any notice. 答案 B

16. To say that someones work is not good is to find fault ______ it . A. of B. with C. for D. on

find fault with(对……找缺点) 答案 B

17. The airport is five miles ________ . A. away from here B. far from here

C. far away from here D. from here away away from (离……远)

答案 A

18. Tom has been _______ the telephone for two hours. A. on B in C. at D. for

be on the telephone 接电话 答案 A

19. _______ fun and exercise， swimming is a very useful skill. A. Beside B. Besides C. Except for D. But for beside(在……旁边) besides(除了) except for(除了) but for(要不是)

Three others went there besides me. Everyone went there except me. 答案 B

20. _______ the heavy snow last night， none of the classes have been cancelled at the university.

A. Despite of B. In spite of C. In spite D. Despite with in spite of=despite(尽管) 答案 B

21. The movie we saw last night was very different _______ the novel. A. of B. to C. from D. with be different from 答案 C

22. I prefer writing a term paper _______ taking an examination. A. than B. to C. for D. rather than prefer to

prefer+n.to+n.

I prefer coffee to tea. prefer+doing to+ doing 答案 B

23. The picture reminds me _______ the time we spent together in New York. A. of B. in C. for D. to remind sb. of sth.

答案 A 24. From here we can see the bridge _______ construction. A. below B. by C. under D. with under construction：在建设中

The new railway is still under construction. 答案 C 连 词(6-3~7-1) 大纲要求

并列连词及其用法;从属连词及其用法。连词在句子中起连接词与词、短语与短语、句子与句子的作用。连词分为并列连词和从属连词，从属连词用于复合句中。并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组或分句。

常见连词用法

1.but(但是)

“I wont go. ” “But youve told me you would.”

“Can I help you?” “Im afraid the box is too heavy for you， but thank you all the same.” 2. yet(然而)

They got to know each other a month ago， yet they have been in deep love now. (be in love 相爱)

She has her weaknesses， yet that doesnt mean she is not qualified for the job.(be qualified for 胜任)

She is not a native speaker， yet her French is adequate for the job.(be adequate for 胜任)

3. however(然而)

The text is difficult. It is ， however， not beyond the reach of the students. At first the girl refused to go with him. Later， however， she changed her mind. 4. for(因为)

Youd better put on your coat， for its rather cold outside. It must be snowing， for it is so bright outside.

The old man sat in front of the fire most of the day， for it was very cold. 5. so(所以)

I have lived in Wuhan for five years， so Im used to the life here.(be used to+n或doing 习惯于…… Im used to getting up early in the morning.used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 I used to teach in the school.I used to get up late in the morning.)

It was already rather late， so we decided to go home. My mother is expecting me， so I must be off now. Mary earns a good salary， so she cant be deep in debt. (be in debt 陷于债务之中) 6. and(并且)

Try your best and youll succeed this time.(succeed是动词，successful是形容词，success是名词)

He shook his head and went away.(shook的原型是shake) 7. then(然后)

First they only quarreled， and then they began to fight. Use your brain， and then youll find a way. 8. or(或者)

Hurry up， or youll be late.

You may do it yourself， or ask someone else to do it. He hardly ever goes to the cinema or the theatre. 9. otherwise(否则)

She was in a hurry that morning. Otherwise she would have stopped to talk with you. Youd better take more exercise， otherwise youll get fat. 10. either …or(或者……或者)

You can come either today or tomorrow. You may either stay here or go with me. 11. neither， nor， neither…nor

I dont know the answer， neither/nor does she.

(否定句+neither/nor+倒装句)

She couldnt speak German， neither/nor could anyone else in the class. I dont want to do it， nor do I want you to do it. She could neither speak English nor write it. We work neither for fame nor for personal gains. We neither know nor care what has happened. 12. both…and (两者都)

Shes looking for opportunities both here and abroad. (opportunity 机会)

The prospects both excited and worried me. 13. not only … but also(不但……而且)

not only … but also连接的句子成分一定要一致

The boy not only lost the money but also came close to losing his life.

He is like his mother not only in appearance but also in character.(not only+介词+名词，but also+介词+名词)

14. as well as(也怎么样)

We have read one of his novels as well as a few of his plays. The kind man gave me some advice as well as some money. 15. nevertheless(然而)

She has failed many times， nevertheless she is confident she will succeed in the end. 16. therefore(因此)

Youre in the right， therefore we should support you. 17. hence(因此)

The word is an uncountable noun and is used in a general sense， hence(therefore) it takes no article.

典型例题：

1. “I thought he hated the TV.”

“You are right， _______ he still watches the program.” A. yet B. besides C. also D. then yet 然而 besides 除了

also不是连词，不能连接句子 He is a teacher. Im also a teacher. then 然后 答案 A

2. “You should put the money in the bank.”

“Its my money， _______ I can do whatever I want with it. ” A. but B. so C. yet D. or but 除了 so 所以 yet 然而 or 或者 答案 B

3. We must leave the party at exactly 9：00， ________ well be late for work.

A. for else B. other C. else D. otherwise for else(没有这种搭配) other+n

else(不单独使用) otherwise(否则) 答案 D

4. Both Mary and Ellen， ________ Jane， are studying nursing at the University of Toledo. A. as well as B. well C. as well D. and well as as well as (也，并且) well (好)

as well (无此用法) and well as (无此用法) 答案 A

5. You can fly to London this evening _______ you dont mind changing planes in Paris. A. unless B. except C. so far as D. if mind doing sth. unless (除非) except (除了)

in so far as (到什么什么程度)so far (迄今为止) if (如果) 答案 D

6. The patients will have to wait all day _______ the doctor works faster. A. if B. whether C. unless D. that if (如果)

whether(是否) unless(除非) 答案 C

7. She remained silent， _______ her heart was heavy and her spirit low. A. so B. though C. for D. therefore so (所以) though(尽管) for (因为)

therefore (因此) 答案 C

8. In the world no country has exactly the same folk music ________ that of any other countries.

A. with B. as C. to D. like the same as 和……一样 as： 连词。谈到人或事物彼此都有相同点时表示比较 This is the same one as that you had before.

Like： 介词。 Like me， she enjoys all kinds of music. She enjoys all kinds of music， as I do.

在口语中like 可以做连词=as Nobody understands him like/ as I do. 答案 B

9. My brother likes country music， _______ I like pop music. A. when B. where C. while D. because when (当……时候) where (在哪儿)

while (当……时候;相反) because (因为) 答案 C

10. ________ it is very late now， the students are still working in the lab. A. As B. When C. If D. Although as 因为

when 当……时候 if 如果

although 尽管 答案 D 考试重点

连词分为从属连词和并列连词，从属连词用来连接各类从句，并列连词用来表示并列句之间转折、因果、并列、选择、递进等关系。考生应了解常见连词的意思，根据句子上下文的需要进行恰当的选择。

1.The boy wanted to play football. _____， it was raining and he stayed at home. A. And B. But C. So D. For

and(并且); but (但是);so (所以);for (因为) 答案 B

2.The couple have lived in China for five years， so they have got used to the life here. 3.I wonder if you have met my sister.(if 是否)

4.The research results show that the earth goes a little faster _______ it is closer to the sun.

A. as if B. so that C. than D. when

as if (仿佛);so that (以便，为了);so……that(如此……以至于); than (连接比较级);when (当……时候) 答案 D

5.________ I havent seen the film， I know very little about it. A. After B. Although C. As D. Before

after (在什么之后);although (尽管);as (因为);before (在……之前) because和so不能同时用 as和so不能连用 答案 C

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