《最新英美概况》练习参考答案（英国部分）(1)

《最新英美概况》

练习参考答案

（本答案不包括练习中的开放性习题、思考题和讨论题） ====================================================

PART ONE The United Kingdom

Chapter One The Land

P. 6

II Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. 1. B 2. B

III Decide which of the following statements is TRUE: 1. F 2. F 3. F 4. F 5. T

IV Answer the following questions.

1. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.

2. Four. England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland. 3. Yes, it was. 4. No, it isn’t.

5. The “British Isles” is a group of islands including Great Britain, Ireland, the Isle of Man, the Channel Islands, Shetland Islands, the Isle of Wight, and many

other smaller surrounding islands. There are two countries located on the islands: the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland.

P. 10

II Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions. 1. England, Scotland, Ireland

2. white, St. George, England, St. Andrew, Scotland, St. Patrick, Ireland

III Decide which of the following statements is TRUE: 1. T 2. T 3.T 4. T 5. F

IV Answer the following questions. 1. 1801.

2. Because when the first version of the Union Flag appeared Wales was already united with England and was therefore represented by the flag of England. 3. Australia, New Zealand, Tuvalu, Fiji. 4. 1922.

P. 12-13

II Decide which of the following statements is TRUE: 1. T 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. T

III Answer the following questions. 1. God Save the Queen.

2. There are five verses in the full version of the song but usually only the first verse

is sung on official occasions. 3. It’s unknown.

4. It originated in a patriotic song, and first publicly performed in London in 1745. 5. It is played whenever the Queen makes a public appearance, and is played by the

BBC every night before closedown.

P. 16-17

I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions. 1. 7.83 million, 300

2. England 3. three 4. 1948 5. London

II Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:

1. T 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. F P. 20

III Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.

1. the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea 2. Northern Ireland, Republic of Ireland 3. France

4. the North Sea, the Irish Sea, the Atlantic Ocean 5. a sixth

IV Decide which of the following statements is TRUE: 1. F 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. T

V Answer the following questions. 1. No.

2. It covers about 245,000 square kilometers or 94,600 square miles.

3. It is about 1,000 kilometers (600 miles) long, and the widest part of Britain is about 480 kilometers.

4. It has a land boundary with the Republic of Ireland as long as 434 kilometers (270 miles). 5. Scotland.

P. 23-24

II Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.

1. highland, lowland

2. coastal areas, Scotland, Wales 3. Severn, Thames 4. Clyde 5. The Dee 6. Bann

7. Lough Neagh, Lower Lough Erne

III Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:

1. T 2. T 3. T 4. F

IV Answer the following questions.

1. Scotland and Wales are the most mountainous parts of the UK.

2. 94.

3. It’s Ben Nevis in Scotland, with a height of 1,344 metres (4,409 feet) above sea level. 4. Scotland.

5. Owing to a relatively small island, the UK’s rivers are not very long.

P. 25

I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.

1. coal 2. iron ore 3. tin

4. those used in the construction and building industries such as sand and gravel, limestone and gypsum

II Answer the following questions.

1. They are coal, oil, natural gas, iron ore, tin, zinc, gold, chalk, salt, clay, limestone,

gypsum, lead, silica, and so on. 2. Coal.

3. Natural gas was discovered in 1965 in the West Sole area of the North Sea. 4. Oil was discovered in 1970 under the North Sea.

5. Because coal can be produced more cheaply in other countries.

6. The tin-mining industries have been hard hit by competition from cheaper

overseas producers, and by changes in government policy.

P. 27

II Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.

1. unique 2. cool, mild 3. 32, about 4.4 4. west, south

5. average annual temperature, average winter rainfall

III Decide which of the following statements is TRUE: 1. T 2. F 3. F 4. F 5. F

IV Answer the following questions.

1. Such a statement has been made because of the changeability of the weather

conditions in Britain that can change so much from day to day, season to season. 2. It can be as hot as 32°C (90°F), but mostly it only reaches 26°C. 3. It’s about 4.4°C.

4. It originated in a patriotic song, and first publicly performed in London in 1745 5. They are probably May, June, September and October.

P. 40

I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions. 1.England, Guildhall, St. Paul’s Cathedral, the Tower Bridge

2. second, Athens of the North

3. industrialized, the Industrial Revolution, fastest growing city 4. the House’s Parliament, the two House’s of Parliament, Big Ben

5. William the Conqueror, a royal residence, prison of state, Jewel House

6. at the foot of the basalt cliffs, 40,000 massive black basalt columns

II Decide which of the following statements is TRUE: 1. F 2. T 3. T 4. T 5. T 6. F

III Answer the following questions.

1. Manchester. Manchester United FC and Manchester City.

2. Liverpool.

P. 42-43

I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions. 1. 9, 32

2. 26, 6 3. 17, 3, 14 4. island

II Choose the best answer that best completes the sentence.

1. D 2. D 3. A

III Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:

1. T 2. F 3. F 4. F 5. T

IV Answer the following questions.

1. An overseas territory is under British sovereignty but does not form part of the

UK itself; a crown dependency is also under sovereignty of the UK but has a different constitutional relationship. 2. Yes.

Chapter Two The People and Their Culture

P. 48

I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.

1. third, twenty-second 2. 80.05, 77.95, 82.25

3. medical advances in the treatment of many illnesses and diseases 4. Scotland 5. 80 percent 6. England, 395 7. 4,700

II Answer the following questions. 1. 62,262,000.

2. The chief reasons are 1) the increase in births and decrease in deaths; 2) the increase in net international migration to the UK; and 3) the increase in life expectancy. 3. It is 0.6 percent.

4. It is 2.6 migrant(s) per 1,000 population. 5. It was 256 people per square kilometer.

P. 49

Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.

1. Immigration and migration from other countries

2. 92.1 3. 8% 4. 0.4 5. 2

P. 52-53

II Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.

1. third, Mandarin Chinese and Spanish 2. English

3. the three countries in Britain and Northern Ireland in Ireland, the four countries themselves

4. Welsh, Irish Gaelic, Scottish Gaelic, Cornish 5. second

III Decide which of the following statements is TRUE: 1. T 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. F

IV Answer the following questions. 1. Approximately 375 million people.

2. Beside English there are also four Celtic languages in use in the UK, such as Welsh, Irish Gaelic, Scottish Gaelic and Cornish.

3. Because of the USA’s dominance of cinema, television, popular music, trade and technology (including the Internet).

4. The major differences are in phonology, phonetics, vocabulary, grammar and spelling.

P. 56-57

II Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.

1. Christianity

2. Roman Catholic, England 3. Scotland

4. Roman Catholic, the Presbyterian Church 5. immigration 6. 152,000

III Decide which of the following statements is TRUE: 1. T 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. T

IV Answer the following questions. 1. Christianity.

2. Queen Elizabeth II. 3. Yes, they are.

4. The Roman Catholic Church. 5. The Roman Catholic Church.

P. 60-61

I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions. 1. conservative

2. the weather

3. Trooping the colour, Changing of the Guard 4. Foot Guard, Household Cavalry

5. palace

II Choose the best answer that best completes the sentence.

1. C 2. C 3. D 4. D 5. C

III Decide which of the following statements is TRUE: 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. F

IV Answer the following questions.

1. It is true, its conservatism has something to do with the fact that Britain is an

island isolated from the European Continent and its weather is frequently changing.

2. It was for the soldiers to recognize their own regiment as soon as possible. It often takes place in London annually on the second Saturday in June.

P. 67-68

I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions. 1. the death and his resurrection

2. exchanging gifts, decorating Christmas trees, attending church, sharing meals with family and friends, waiting for Father Christmas to arrive 3. the seed of life

4. go trick-or-treating and carve pumpkins 5. slavery

II Choose the best answer that best completes the sentence.

1. C 2. C 3. D 4. C 5. D

III Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:

1. T 2. T 3. T 4. F 5. F

IV Answer the following questions.

1. It commemorates all those men and women who were killed during the two World

Wars and other conflicts.

2. In the past, hunting fox was a popular sport among the upper classes. Now horsing

racing and football are popular.

3. Fasting is to develop patience and self-control, to learn sympathy for the deprived,

to cleanse the body and mind, to gain appreciation for Allah's bounty, to demonstrate the depth of one's commitment, and to protect against sin.

There are, then, three levels of the Ramadan fast:

-Refraining from the physical things that are forbidden (performed with the mouth/stomach/sexual organs).

-Restraining oneself from saying, hearing and looking at forbidden things (performed with the senses).

-Renewing one's devotion to Allah (performed with the heart and mind).

P. 71-72

I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.

1. welfare, from-cradle-to-grave 2. the National Health Service 3.the retirement pension

4. accidental injury at work, the conditions

5. the Beveridge Report

II Decide which of the following statements is TRUE: 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. F 5.F P. 78

I Choose the best answer that best completes the sentence.

1. C 2.D 3. D 4. D (40改成47) 5. C

II Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:

1. F 2. T 3. T 4. F 5. F P. 83

I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.

1. football

2. Manchester United, Arsenal, Liverpool

3. Wimbledon, Australian Open, French Open, US Open 4. 18, 17, 1

5. Formula 1 British Grand Prix, the Wales Rally GB, the Festival of Speed

II Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:

1. T 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. F

III Answer the following questions.

1. Football, rugby, cricket, golf, tennis, hockey, etc.

2. Watchers can bet a horse to be thought to win.

3. The Football Association Challenge Cup (英格兰足总杯). It is the oldest football competition in the world, founded in 1872. It's the competition that provides the opportunity for small, part-time clubs to potentially go head to head with the big clubs of the Premiership.

P. 88-89

I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.

1. freedom of the press, conflicts, freedom of access to information, the interests of the public, the privacy, individual

2. entertainment, public opinion, political 3. news, entertainment, sports

4. the Times, the Guardian, the Daily Telegraph, the Financial Times 5. BBC One, BBC Two, ITV, Channel Four, Channel Five

II Choose the best answer that best completes the sentence. 1. C 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. A

III Decide which of the following statements is TRUE: 1. F 2. T 3.F 4. F 5. T

IV Answer the following questions.

1. They are central to British leisure culture.

2. Because it can bring buyers and sellers together, provide people with the

interactive platforms, and people can use it to do digital marketing, e-commerce, management, etc.

P. 93-94

I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.

1. 37, 154

2. evolutionary, natural selection, The Origin of Species, The Descent of Man. 3. James Cook

4. Isaac Newton, Charles Darwin, James Cook, Stephen Hawking, Winston Churchill, Diana Spencer

II Answer the following questions.

1. Stephen Hawking is a British theoretical physicist noted for his research into the origin of the universe. His work influenced the development of the big bang and black hole theories.

2. He was the 20th century's most famous and celebrated Prime Minister who led

Britain to victory in World War Two. He worked tirelessly throughout the war, building strong relations with US President Roosevelt while maintaining a sometimes difficult alliance with the Soviet Union.

Chapter Three A Brief History of the United Kingdom

P. 97-98

I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.

1. Ice Age 2. Beaker Folk 3. The Celts

4. the Irish, the Welsh 5. Druidism

II Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. 1. C 2. C 3. A

III Decide which of the following statements is TRUE: 1. T 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. T

IV Answer the following questions. 1. Between 3000 and 2000 BC

2. Three Waves. The first wave was the Gaels who came around 600 BC; the

second wave was the Britons who came around 400 BC, and the third wave was the Belgae who came around 150 BC.

3. The Celts, a taller and fairer race than the people who had come before, began to arrive in Britain at about 700 BC and kept coming until the arrival of the Romans.

P. 100-101

I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.

1. Julius Caesar 2. 43

3. Boadica, Londinium 4. 410 AD 5. York

II Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. 1. B 2. D 3. C 4. C

III Decide which of the following statements is TRUE: 1. F 2. T 3. T 4. F

IV Answer the following questions. 1. Between 55 and 54 BC.

2. The invasion of British Isles.

3. Firstly, the resistance of the British people was strong. Secondly, Roman troops were often withdrawn from Britain to fight in other parts of the Roman Empire. 4. 400 years.

5. The Romans also made good use of Britain’s natural resources, mining lead, iron and tin and manufacturing pottery, etc.

P. 104

I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions. 1. The Jutes, Saxons and Angles

2. English

3. Mercia, Offa’s Dyke

4. St. Augustine

5. Archbishop of Canterbury

II Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. 1. A 2. C 3. B

III Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:

1. T 2. F 3.T 4. T

IV Answer the following questions.

1. The seven kingdoms are: Kent, Essex, Sussex, Wessex, East Anglia, Mercia and North Umbria.

2. The names Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday derive from the names of the gods of Anglo-Saxons’ Teutonic religion: Tiu, the god of war, Wooden, king of heaven, Thor, the god of storms, and Freya, goddess of peace.

3. Firstly, they divided the country into shires, with shire courts and shire reeves, or sheriffs, responsible for administering law. Secondly, they devised the narrow-strip, three-field farming system in use up to the 18th century. Thirdly, they also established the manorial system. Finally, they created the Witan to advise the king, the basis of the Privy Council which still exists today.

P. 106-107

I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions. 1. Edward

2. William the Conqueror

3. William (此题印刷有错，需把句子中的William删掉)

II Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. 1. B 2. D 3. A

III Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:

1. T 2. T 3. F 4. T

IV Answer the following question

1. Edward was called Edward the Confessor as he was a very religious man and

would often go to church and confess to sins. The title \also distinguished this Edward from Edward the Martyr (c962-979). Edward was later

made a saint, due to his building of Westminster Abbey and efforts in other churches.

2. The Norman Conquest replaced the loosely organized Anglo-Saxon kingdom

with a feudal system based on land ownership by a hereditary aristocracy that owed its position - and therefore lands and loyalty - to a strong central authority with a hereditary succession. In addition, there were other changes such as in English emigration and Norman immigration, women’s rights, language, etc.

3. There are four. They were the King of Norway, the Duke of Normandy, and two

brothers of Edward’s Queen, named Edith, and Harold Godwinson.

P. 110-111

I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions. 1. an English charter

2. 1337, 1453

3. territorial, economic 4. 1348 - 1350

II Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. C

III Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:

1. F 2. T 3. T 4. T

IV Answer the following questions.

1. Feudalism in England was established by William the Conqueror and the Normans following the defeat of the English Anglo Saxons at the Battle of Hastings in 1066. 2. Magna Carta is an English charter, originally issued by King John of England at Runnymede in the English county of Surrey under compulsion from the church and his barons on 15 June 1215. The charter was reissued later for several times in modified versions which omitted certain temporary provisions, including the most direct challenges to the monarch's authority, which had a huge influence on the developing legal system of England.

3. The Hundred Years' War was a series of conflicts waged from 1337 to 1453 between the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of France and their various allies for control of the French throne. It was the result of a dynastic disagreement dating back to William the Conqueror who became King of England in 1066, while remaining Duke of Normandy. As dukes of Normandy and other lands on the continent, the English kings owed homage to the King of France. In 1337 Edward III of England refused to pay homage to Philip VI of France, leading the French king to claim confiscation of Edward's lands in Aquitaine.

4. The war was in fact a series of separate wars and is commonly divided into three phases. First, the English won a great naval victory at Sluys in 1340, then an equally decisive land battle near Calais at Crecy in 1346. Then the English

went on to take Calais; and in 1356 at Poitiers they won another victory over the French King who was taken prisoner and held to ransom.

5. The Black Death was one of the most devastating epidemic diseases in human history, peaking in Europe between 1348 and 1349, and killing nearly half of Europe’s population. Additionally, The Black Death is thought to have started in Asia. It then travelled along the Silk Road and reached the Crimea by 1346. From there, it was probably carried by Oriental rat fleas living on the black rats that were regular passengers on merchant ships. All in all, the plague reduced the world population from an estimated 450 million to a number between 350 and 375 million in the 14th century. Moreover, the impact of the Black Death upon the future of England was greater than upon any other European country. The Black Death has been seen as creating a series of religious, social and economic upheavals which changed the face of the English society in a profound way.

P. 115

I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.

1. 1642-1646, 1647-1649 2. Puritan Revolution

3. overthrew, foundation, beginning 4. the Glorious Revolution of 1688 5. The Bill of Rights

II Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. 1. C 2. A 3. D 4. A

III Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:

1. T 2. T 3. T 4. F P. 118

I Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. 1. C 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. C

II Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:

1. T 2. F 3. T 4. T

III Answer the following questions.

1. The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes

that occurred in the period from about 1760 to some time between 1820 and 1840. This transition included going from hand production methods to machines, new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes, improved efficiency of water power, the increasing use of steam power and development of machine tools. The transition also included the change from wood and other bio-fuels to coal. The Industrial revolution began in England and within a few decades spread to Western Europe and the United States. 2. The accumulation of capital; the development of capitalist farming; the appearance of a labour reserve; and the expansion of markets, domestic and foreign.

3. The Industrial Revolution promoted the development of production. Within a short period the Industrial Revolution took over all industries in Britain and replaced other systems of production. And it improves the living standards. Much of the laboring population, previously largely employed in agriculture, moved to the industrial towns and cities, where they were housed and employed in often miserable and squalid conditions. And etc. 4. The industrial revolution was a period in Britain from mid-1700s to the

mid-1800s in which power-driven machines in factories replaced manual labor. The industrial revolution resulted from advances in applied science and engineering, such as the development of steam engines (especially those of the inventor James Watt). Much of the laboring population, previously largely employed in agriculture, moved to the industrial towns and cities, where they were housed and employed in miserable conditions.

5. The causes and effects of the Industrial Revolution are complicated and remain

a topic for debate. The reference answer is as follows: Causes:

-Iron renovations: stronger, better quality iron

-Labor surplus—more jobs, more people to do jobs

-Stable agricultural society—the agricultural revolution improved food supply and quality; created a strong base for industrialization

-High food supply—stated above; more farmland + more transportation = more crops

-Ready capital—constant supply of money -Population growth—due to food supply

-Government allowed fencing off lands—peasants now needed work after being kicked off private farmland

-Entrepreneurs—people wanted to make money through new ways and opportunities

-Plentiful natural resources—rivers = water power for steam engine and transportation, iron ore and coal = fuel

-Relatively free society—government usually exhibited laissez faire (let people do what they want), economy regulated itself, ideas circulated freely -Ready market—ships could deliver and transport

-Stable government—strong central government to support the people Effects:

-Better transportation—faster, cheaper

-Long distance communications—telegraphs, etc. linked nations from coast to coast

-Money to be made—capitalism: investments, inventing, selling, producing -Bad working conditions—disease, deformations, long, hard hours -Child abuse

-New inventions—locomotives (railroads), purer iron, factories, spinning jenny, steam engines, steamboats...etc

-Rural workers became urban workers

-Increased production rates (everything machine made)

-Family life disrupted—families were separated, women and children also labored

-Bad pay—women paid half or less than men

-Migration and population boom in cities—everyone flocked to cities to work in factories

-Industrialization \—spread to Europe and around the world

-Social classes formed—industrial middle class and industrial working classes emerged

-Industrial capitalism took hold—economic system of manufacturing

P. 121

I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.

1. The Reform Act 2. The New Poor Law

3. charter of political demands (A People's Charte) 4. Moral Force Chartists, Physical Force Chartists

II Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. 1. D 2. B 3. C

III Decide which of the following statements is TRUE: 1. F 2. T 3. T 4. F

IV Answer the following questions.

1. Charter Movement was a movement for political and social reform in Britain during the mid-19th century, between 1838 and 1850. In the years 1839, 1842 and 1848, the Chartist Movement urged Parliament to adopt three great petitions. Of these, the best known is the final petition, with six million signatures (although a number of these were later found to be fake), presented to Parliament on 10th April 1848 after a huge meeting on Kennington Common. This event achieved great prominence in the story of Chartism, due largely to the reaction of the authorities as they faced the challenges of that turbulent year. 2. Between 1832 and 1884 three Reform Bills were passed in the British parliament. The Reform Act of 1832 abolished “rotten Boroughs”, and redistributed parliamentary seats more fairly among the growing towns. It also gave the vote to many householders and tenants, based on the value of their property. The New Poor Law of 1834 forced the poor people into work houses instead of giving them sufficient money to survive in their own homes. The 6 points in the People’s Charter were achieved very gradually over the period of 1858-1918, although the sixth has never been practical. Lenin said the Chartist Movement was \first broad, really mass, politically formed, proletarian revolutionary movement.\3. The movement failed for a number of reasons:

-It failed to obtain parliamentary support for the Charter.

-The middle-classes ignored, shunned or condemned Chartism. -Chartists were divided among themselves.

-Government handled the movement firmly and calmly. -Chartist demands were too drastic.

-There was too much diversity in the intellectual and ideological aims of Chartism.

-Other movements offering more immediate and tangible benefits attracted chartists.

-The socio-economic position improved after 1842. Prosperity eliminated mass support.

-Chartism and the Chartists were made to look ridiculous after Kennington Common, and the failure of the Land Plan.

-The changing sociology of England after railways fragmented the apparent unity of the working classes.

P. 124

I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.

1. the 16th century, 1583 2. England, Scotland 3. Jamestown 4. 22.5 million 5. the 20th century

II Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. 1. B 2. A 3. B

III Decide which of the following statements is TRUE: 1. T 2. F 3. F 4. T

P. 128

I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.

1. Entente Powers, Central Powers of Germany 2. Britain, economy

3. New York stock market 4. Battle of Britain 5. Conservative

II Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:

1. T 2. T 3. F 4. F

III Answer the following questions.

1. The assassination on 28 June 1914 of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, the

heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary, by a Yugoslav nationalist in Sarajevo, Bosnia was the spark of the war. It resulted in a Habsburg ultimatum against the Kingdom of Serbia. Several alliances formed over the previous decades were invoked, so, within weeks, the major powers were at war; via their colonies, the conflict soon spread around the world.

2. Britain was one of the main countries fighting on the side of the Entente against the Central Powers. Britain, together with its empire, went to war early in August 1914 and fought for the entire duration of the war.

3. World War Two began in September 1939 when Britain and France declared war on Germany following Germany's invasion of Poland. Although the outbreak of

war was triggered by Germany's invasion of Poland, the causes of the war are more complex.

4. Great Britain's role in World War 2 was to fight in both theaters of the war. They were fighting for their very survival and to stop the Germans and Japanese. They were part of the Big 3 in the Allied Forces. They were a huge part of winning the war.

Chapter Four The Monarchy, the Government and Political Parties

P. 135

II Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.

1. the Queen 2. ministers 3. The Commonwealth 4. the Church of England

III Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. 1. A 2. C 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. D

IV Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:

1. F 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. T

V Decide which of the following define the role of the Queen and the

royal family.

ABCDFG P. 141

I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.

1. senior ministers 2. commons

3. having a weak separation of powers

4. the House of Lords, the House of Commons

5. The Queen

6. constituency

7. The Palace of Westminster

II Decide which of the following statements are TRUE: 1. F 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. F 6. F III A match game.

The House of Commons:

making laws (legislation); checking the work of the government; granting money to the government; approving the decision made by the one House; 650 MPs; elected by the people The House of Lords:

making laws(legislation); checking the work of the government; approving the decision made by the one House; making decisions on financial Bills; appointed by the Queen; the supreme court of appeal

IV Answer the following questions concerning the two Houses.

1. B 2. B

3. See P.138 for reference

P. 145

I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.

1. the House of Commons, appoint and dismiss

2. unitary, federal, local government 3. ministers, peers 4. The Cabinet

5. unitary authorities 6. county, district

II Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.

1. C 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. D

III Decide which of the following statements is TRUE: 1. T 2. F 3. F 4. F 5.T

P. 150

I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions. 1. Tories, Whigs

2. coalition

3. Liberal Democrats 4. The General Elections 5. by-election

II Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.

1. A 2. C 3. A 4. A 5. A III Match the parties and the beliefs.

-The Conservative Party: private enterprise

-The Labor Party: fair rules, fair chances and a fair say for everyone

-Liberal Democrats: Supporting constitutional and electoral reform, close

ties with Europe, environmental issues and individual rights and liberties

IV Decide which of the following statements is TRUE: 1. F 2. T 3. T 4. T P. 154

I Fill in the blanks in the following table.

Court of Appeal High Court County Court Magistrates Court II Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. 1. C 2. D 3. C 4. B

III Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:

1. F 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. T

V Answer the following questions.

1. See the chart on page 153.

2. From magistrates court to crown court, high court, court of appeal and finally the House of Lords which is the highest appellate court.

P. 157

I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.

1. Bobby

2. Scotland Yard 3. Home Secretary

II Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.

1. C 2. A 3. B 4. C

III Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:

1. F 2. F 3.T 4. F 5. F

V Answer the following question.

There are 3 general types of police forces: territorial police forces, special police

forces, and miscellaneous police forces.

P. 159

I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.

1. a navy, an army, an air force

2. the Royal Navy, the Royal Marines 3. Nuclear Weapons States

4. Commonwealth countries, the Republic of Ireland, dual nationals

II Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.

1. C 2. A 3. B

III Decide which of the following statements is TRUE:

1. F 2. F 3. F 4. F 5. T

Chapter Six The Economy

P. 163

I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.

1. rainfall, 1.4, 60

2. Wales, Northern Ireland, Scotland, England

II Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. 1. B 2. A 3. B 4. C

III Decide which of the following statements is TRUE: 1. F 2. F 3. T 4. F

IV Answer the following questions.

1. Firstly, the modern agriculture in the UK is highly mechanized and efficient, thus

requiring much less labor force. Secondly, with the process of industrialization and urbanization, people in general would prefer jobs in cities. Thirdly, industry and service sector have replaced agriculture as the major industries in the UK.

2. This term suggests that back in the time when agriculture still dominated the

national economy, sheep farming used to be a strong sector of agriculture in the UK.

P. 168-169

I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.

mineral, Industrial Revolution, nuclear energy, 18, 80

II Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. 1. A 2. D 3.A 4. D

III Decide which of the following statements is TRUE: 1. F 2. F 3.F 4. T

IV Answer the following questions.

1. Firstly, by the late19th century, quite a number of countries also industrialized,

thus making the UK less competitive. Secondly, the British Empire used to rely heavily on export trades developed in the 19th century. Later, it had to shift to cheaper foreign supplies.

2. Firstly, due to the ageing-related problems that would affect plant availability,

some of the old nuclear plants had to be shut down. Secondly, the increasingly wide-spread social concerns over safety and environmental protection are the major reason for the decommissioning of nuclear plants in the UK.

P. 171-172

I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.

1. services, financial

2. commercial, imports, trade deficit

II Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. 1. B 2. A 3. B 4. C

III Decide which of the following statements are TRUE:

1. F 2. F 3. F

IV Answer the following question.

There are two major reasons: the state of the British economy as one of the

strongest economies in the world and the strength of the British pound.

P. 175-176

I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.

1. cultural, 6th 2. hotel, 80

II Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. 1. D 2. A 3. B

III Decide which of the following statements is TRUE: 1. F 2. T 3. F

IV Answer the following questions.

1. The reasons are as follow: the economic recession, increasing levels of air travel

taxation, unemployment concerns and a low exchange rate for sterling. 2. ￡115 billion.

P. 180-181

I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.

1. pound, pound sterling, pounds sterling, GBP, Great British Pound, quid 2. decimal system, 100, banknotes, coins

3. retail banks, automated teller machines, credit cards, debit cards

II Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. 1. B 2. B 3.C

III Decide which of the following statements is TRUE: 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. F

IV Answer the following questions.

1. The Bank of England sets the interest rates in the UK and controls the amount of

currency in circulation. It plays a vital role in national monetary policy, as well as in promoting and maintaining the stability of the financial system. 2. Leeds, Edinburgh, Cardiff, Manchester and Birmingham.

P. 185-186

I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.

1. taxicab, cab (or 前面的一个空缺处删掉) 2. black

3. London Underground, rapid transit

II Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. 1. B 2. C 3. A

III Decide which of the following statements is TRUE: 1. T 2. F 3. F

IV Answer the following questions.

1. The two major railway systems in the UK are: the railway system of Great

Britain and that of Northern Ireland.

2. The British Airports Authority (BAA) functions as the country’s predominant

airport operator. It owns and operates six airports in the UK which include Heathrow and Stansted.

P. 189-190

I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions.

1. Royal Mail, Post Office Ltd.

2. 90, business, financial, home, government

II Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. 1. D 2. A 3. A

III Decide which of the following statements is TRUE: 1. T 2. F 3. F

IV Answer the following question.

There are over 490 TV channels in the UK, which definitely qualifies the country to

be called the multi-channel TV market. Some of the major TV broadcasting companies and channels include: BBC1, BBC2 and ITV.

Chapter Seven Britain’s Diplomacy and Relations with China

P. 198

II Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions. 1. Sino-British Joint Declaration, 1984, Sino-British

2. NATO

3. The United States 4. 1997

III Decide which of the following statements is TRUE: 1. F 2. F 3. T 4. T

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