英汉翻译 经典练习题

Translation Technique Practice 1

1) 根据翻译的定义，举例说明译与非译的区别。

（参考答案：翻译是把原文的语言文字或符号系统加以变更，使不懂这种语言的人通过译者的努力变为读者的母语的结果。例如，原文为：他很不错。译文为：Ok，I like him very much. 这就是非译，是胡诌。又如：Father, Son, and the Holy Ghost. 译文是：爸爸，儿子和神圣魔鬼。这也属于非译，它充其量是对原文字面上的解释或者大意上的猜测，达不到传递语言信息的功能。考察其出处，它是源自《圣经》的一个重要的基督教信仰，翻译为：圣父，圣子，圣灵三位一体。这才是实质的翻译，准确地传达了原文信息和原语文化。翻译并不是单纯的词句转化，而是改变语言符号和传达原文内容两方面的有机统一。）

2）请翻译，注意传达出原文信息，并便于读者理解。 The woman appeared with our beer. 那个女人给我们送啤酒来了。

Last winter Stanford’s new e-commerce elective was the hottest thing on the business school’ campus, with 28 students using their single “ silver bullet” to secure one of the 66 available spots.

去年冬天，斯坦福大学新开设的电子商务选修课成为商学院最热门的课程，28名学生各施绝技，以求在66个听课席中争得一席。

The study found that non-smoking wives of men who smoke cigarettes face a much greater than normal danger of developing lung cancer.

研究结果表明，丈夫抽烟，妻子不抽烟，那妻子得癌症的危险，要比一般人大得多。

你红光满面。

You look so healthy and full of pep.

他是个“气管炎”。 He is a hen-pecked man.

你是在班门弄斧。

You are showing off your proficiency with an axe before Lu Ban the master carpenter.

Translation Technique Practice 2

1）请分别用直译和意译翻译以下内容： to flog a dead horse 直译：鞭打死马 意译：白费力；徒劳

过街老鼠

直译：like a rat crossing the street

意译：the object of universal condemnation; a bad man hated by everybody

A nod is as good as a wink to a blind horse.

直译：点头也好，眨眼也好，示意盲马，同样无效。 意译：犟汉难劝，狂人难喻。

树倒猢狲散。

直译：When the tree falls, the monkeys scatter.

意译：Members run away when the family falls./ Rats leave a sinking ship. 2）英译汉：

Then what? Well, mankind is not doing a very good job of running the earth right now. Maybe, when the time comes, we ought to step gracefully aside and hand over the job to someone who can do it better. And if we don’t step aside, perhaps Supercomputer will simply move in and push us aside.

到那时会怎么样呢？唉，反正人类现在也没有做好管理地球的工作。也许到那时候，我们真该豁达大度地让到一边，把工作交给更为称职的去做。如果我们不主动让位，也许超级电脑就会不客气地闯进来，把我们推到一边。

The land did not move, but moved. The sea was not still, yet was still. Paradox flowed into paradox, stillness mixed with stillness, sound with sound.

大地止而亦行，大海动而亦静。万籁交而万籁合，若真若假，若是若非。

The garden was a paradise on earth, with more food and clothes than could be consumed and more money than could be spent.

花园里面是人间乐园，有的是吃不了的大米白面，穿不完的绫罗绸缎，花不完的金银财宝。

3) 汉译英：

她们大家，不仅个个身上都给太阳晒得暖烘烘的，而且人人心里都有一个小太阳，温暖着各自的心灵。那是一种迷梦，一种痴迷，一种嗜好，至少是一种渺茫的希望，这种希望虽然可能正在化为泡影，但却依然活在个人的心中，因为一切希望都是如此。因此，她们大家全都喜气洋洋，好些人还兴高采烈。

And as each and all of them were warmed without by the sun, so each had a private little sun for her soul to bask in; some dream, some affection, some hobby, at least some remote and distant hope which,, though perhaps starving to nothing, still lived on, as hopes will. Thus they were all cheerful, and many of them merry.

年年难过年年过，处处无家处处家。 Hard up, we manage to get over it each year; Homeless, we try to make home everywhere.

他决定洗心革面，脱胎换骨。 He is determined to turn over a new leaf.

本店货色齐全，品种多样，任君挑选。

We have a good assortment of goods to choose from.

Translation Technique Practice 3

1）请翻译, 注意选词 A． run a fever

发烧 run a car 驾驶小车 run oil 提炼石油 run the risk of 冒着..的危险

The idea runs in his mind 这个念头萦绕在他的脑海里。 The street runs north. 大街向北延伸。

The news runs rapidly in the town. 这个消息迅速在镇上传开。 B． 干部要能上能下。

A cadre should be ready to take a lower as well as a higher post. 这盘你上。 You play this game. 我来给门上油漆。 Let me paint the door. 这事已经上了电视。 It has been publicized on TV.

2) 请翻译，注意灵活处理。

After the fall of France, Germany was incomparably stronger than England on the ground, about equally matched in the air, and gravely inferior at sea.

法国崩溃之后，德国陆军大大超过英国，空军力量旗鼓相当，海军则不幸处于劣势。

The happiness --- the sperior advantage of the young women round about her, gave Rebecca inexpressible pangs of envy.

利蓓加看见她周围的小姐都那么有福气，享受种种权利，说不出的眼红。

He was a clever man; a pleasant companion; a careless student; with a great propensity for running into debt,

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