最新高中英语语法之倒装图表

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倒装

一. 完全倒装

定义：主语和谓语完全颠倒过来叫完全倒装 句首 句型 例句 表示地点的副词+谓语+主语（地点副词：here, there, in, on, outside, opposite等，谓语如Be或不及物动词begin, come, go, lie, live, lay, seem, remain, Here comes the bus. There remained only 10 dollars in his stand等等） pocket. 表示时间的副词+谓语+主语（时间副词：then, now, soon, next, first, finally等，谓语如Be或不及物动词begin, come, go, lie, live, lay, seem, remain, stand等等） Opposite stood an ancient oak tree. In comes Mr. Smith. 表示方位的与介词同形的副词+谓语+主语（表方位的介词副词同形：in, out, up, down, away, off，ahead, back等，谓语如不及物动词come, go, fly, Away ran the terrified boy. jump, rush, walk等） 表示地点的介词短语+不及物动词+主语 表示时间的介词短语+不及物动词+主语 （1） （2） （3） （4） 谓语是及物动词或由“be+表语”构成时不用倒装句 At the top of the tower he could the whole city. 谓语是及物动词的被动语态可用倒装句 In this unit will be found a satisfactory answer. Beyond the bushes lay the fields. At the top of the hill stands the old church. After the banquet came a firework display. 表示地点、时间、方位的副词 表示地点、时间的介词短语 表语（表示位置或地方的介词短语）+be+主语 表语（形容词短语）+be+主语 某些表语 表语（过去分词）+be+主语 表语（进行时态中的现在分词）+be+主语 用于so, nor, neither开头的句子，用于重复前面的内容。 肯定句+so +倒装结构（指另一人或物） 否定句+neither/nor+倒装结构（指另一人或物） Near the church was an old ruined cottage. First to arrive were their two cousins. Seated on the ground are a group of young people. Lying on the floor was a boy aged about 17. He has been to Beijing, So have I. Li Wei can’t answer the question. Neither can I.

二. 部分倒装

定义：只把某些功能词，助动词等置于句首叫部分倒装 情况 句式 Hardly/ Barely /Scarcely +倒装句（过去完成时）+when+陈述句语序（过去时） 用于三个表示强调的句型中 No sooner+倒装句（过去完成时）+than+陈述句语序（过去时） Not only+倒装句式+but (also)+陈述句语序 Not until+句子（陈述句语序）/时间状语+倒装句式 用于only开头的句子 Only+状语+倒装句式 （若only接的不是状语，则不用倒装） Hardly, scarcely, barely几乎不 Rarely, seldom很少 某些否定词谓语句首时 No, not, never, nowhere Little, less, no longer, least of all. 某些含有no的介词短语位于句首时 精品文档

含义 例句 含义为“一……就……”，Hardly/ Barely/ Scarcely had he arrived at the station when the train began to leave. “刚……就……” 含义为“不但……而且……” 含义为“直到……才……” 含义为“只有，仅仅“ 含有否定含义 No sooner had she gone out than the telephone rang. Not only did I know her, but I was her best friend. Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework. Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in. Only Wang Ling knows this.（此处only接的是主语） Hardly did he know that the police were after him. Never shall I do this again. Nowhere could I find him. Little did he know who the woman was. At no time, by no means, under/in no circumstances, in no way, in no case, “介词+no+名词”意为“决不” In no way should I take the responsibility.我根本不需承担责任。 精品文档 on no account, on no consideration So…+倒装结构+that+句子（陈述句语序） So, such位于句首时 Such…+倒装结构+that+句子（陈述句语序） 当“so+形容词”或“such”为表语时，用完全倒装（so, such修饰主语则不用倒装 To such +名词+倒装结构 Were/ Had/ Should+主语+其他 = If 主语+were/ had/ should 用于省略if的虚拟条件状语从句 Were it not for（如果没有，现在、将来）=If it were not for Had it not been for（如果当时没有，过去）= If it hadn’t been for 含义为“如此……以至于” 含义为“到……程度” 含义为“如果……” Under no circumstances could we agree to such a principle. So many questions did they ask me that I got confused. Such a fierce dog did he have that we had to wait before we could get in. So great was the destruction that it took them several years to recover. Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken. To such a degree was he excited that he couldn’t go to sleep that night.他兴奋到如此程度，以至晚上无法入睡。 Were he my friend, I would expect his help. = If he were my friend, I would expect his help. Were it not for their help, we would be in serious trouble. =If it were not for their help, we would be in serious trouble. Had it not been for their support, we couldn’t have won the election. =If it hadn’t been for their support, we couldn’t have won the election. Strange though it may seem, the tallest boy is the youngest.（表让步） =Though it may seem strange, the tallest boy is the youngest. Woman as she is, she is courageous. = As she is woman, she is courageous.（表让步） Absorbed as/that he was in the book, he did not notice my entering the room.（表原因） =As he was absorbed in the book, he did not notice my entering the room. He traveled a great deal as did most of his friends. I spend less than do nine out of ten people in my position. Gladly would I / I would gladly give my life to save the child! Often does he warn us / he warns us not to touch the poisonous chemical. The more grain we produce, the greater will be our achievement. =The more grain we produce, the greater our achievement will be. Be it ever so humble, there is no place like home.无论家境再贫，家总是最好的。 Be he friend or enemy, the law regards him as a criminal.无论他是敌是友，法律判定他是罪犯。 Say what we will, he doesn’t want to change his mind.无论我们说什么，他都不会改变他的主意。 “Let’s go,” said the man/ he said. May you succeed! 祝你成功！ 带to such…表程度的词组位于句首时 形容词 though 系动词，助动词 用于让步状语从句/原因状语从句（让步用though, as, 名词（去掉冠词） + +主语 + 情态动词 that，原因只能用as, that） 分词，动词，副词 as/ that 谓语动词 含义为“虽然，由于” 用于as引导的方式状语从句 用于than引导的比较状语从句 方式状语、频度状语等位于句首 用于the…the…结构的主句中 ” 如果从句的主语较长或带有长的修饰语，可用倒装。主语是人称代词，含义为“正如（方式）则不倒装。 含义为“比……” 如果不是十分强调，也可不用。 若此结构中主句的助于太长，也可用倒装 Be+主语+ever so+形容词 含义为“越……越……” 无论怎样…… 无论是A或B 无论 祝愿 用于几个特殊结构的让步状语从句 Be+主语+A or B 动词+wh词+主语+will/may 直接引语 用于某些表示祝愿的句子 当主语为名词，用倒装；当主语是代词，则一般不用。 May+主语+动词原形 ★上述情况并非一定要用部分倒装，有些可用全倒，有些可不倒，请仔细阅读。

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