浙江省嘉兴市2015届高三新高考单科综合调研（一）英语试题 Word

高三新高考单科综合调研（一）英语试题

（本试卷满分120分，考试时间120分钟）

第I卷（选择题部分，共80分）

第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节：单项填空（共20小题；每小题0.5分，满分10分）从A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1．_____ Chinese Dream has a strong appeal because it reflects the wishes of hundreds of millions of

Chinese for _____ beautiful future．

A．/；/ B．/；a C．The；/ D．The/a 2．—Hey，taxi!

—_____，madam?

A．Can I help you B．What’s the matter C．Where to D．What’s up

3．I seldom eat out on weekends； instead，I prefer making some delicious dishes myself since I hold

the view that nothing _____ home cooking． A．challenges B．beats C．rejects D．treats

4．Some of my former schoolmates came to visit me yesterday and we went to that fancy restaurant

_____ the chefs are really brilliant． A．which B．where C．whose D．when 5．—Why were you absent yesterday?

—If you _____ know，I visited a relative of mine in hospital．

A．may B．can C．should D．must 6．It will be a long time before the cut on you hand _____ completely．

A．cures B．treats C．heals D．improves 7．—What a mistake!

—Yes．I _____ that he do it another way，but he ignored me．

A．was suggesting B．would suggest C．will suggest D．had suggested 8．Her performance on the stage was _____ a failure； it was a great success．

A．far from B．on the contrary C．next to D．along with 9．Beijing ranks as the second-most expensive city in Asia in the latest Cost of Living Survey by ECA

International．_____，when it comes to subway ticket prices，it is among the cheapest． A．However B．Therefore C．While D．Moreover 10．I hope Chinese students can start to play beautiful melodies from their hearts，_____ musical pieces

―come to life‖ while they are practicing or performing．

A．to make B．made C．making D．having made 11．_____ the long search for the missing Malaysian Airlines flight MH370 shows，the reach and

capability of modern technology is not unlimited．

A．With B．Since C．As D．For 12．Everybody knows the saying that you may know a man by the _____ he keeps．

A．partner B．company C．friend D．neighbor 13．I was telling them about my exciting experiences when he _____ with a story of his own．

A．broke in B．broke out C．broke down D．broke off 14．Maybe you have been to many countries，but nowhere else ____ such a beautiful beach．

A．could you enjoy B．can you enjoy C．you could enjoy D．you can enjoy

15．It was not until near the end of the class _____ the teacher announced the result of the speech

contest．

A．when B．where C．then D．that 16．There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent，_____?

A．is there B．isn’t there C．is he D．isn’t he

17．A draft reform plan for the college entrance exams _____ English will no longer be part of China’s

college entrance exams has been released by the Ministry of Education．

A．which B．what C．that D．when

18．We tend to believe that it’s always good to have more skills and certificates to prove those

skills．But experts say students should be _____ about certificates．

A．optimistic B． sensitive C．responsible D．reasonable 19．Reading，unlike watching TV，is a highly active process，_____ it requires attention as well as

memory and imagination．

A．but B．for C．so that D．because of 20．—Thank you for giving me a ride to the airport．

—_____

A．No problem． B．All right． C．By all means． D．A piece of cake． 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21—40各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

The hardworking 21 Jones used to work all day in his shop and so hard working was he that at times he would make the sparks fly from his hammer．

The son of Mr．Smith，a 22 neighbor，used to come to see the blacksmith every day and for hours and hours he would enjoy himself watching how the tradesman worked．

―Young man，why don’t you try your hand to learn to make shoe tacks（鞋钉）, 23 it is only to 24 the time?‖ said the blacksmith．―Who knows，one day，it may be of 25 to you．‖

The lazy boy began to see what he could do．But after a little 26 he found that he was becoming very 27 and soon he was making some of the finest tacks．

Old Mr．Smith died and the son 28 the war lost all his goods．He had to leave home and was forced to 29 residence in another country．It so happened that in this village there were numerous 30 who were spending a lot of money 31 tacks for their shoes and even at times when they paid high prices they were not always able to get what they wanted，because in that part of the country there was a high 32 for soldiers’ shoes．

Our young Mr．Smith，who was finding it difficult to earn his daily 33 ，remembered that once upon a time he had learned the 34 of making tacks and had the 35 idea of making a 36 with the shoemakers．He told them that he would make the tacks if they would help to get him 37 in his workshop．The shoemakers were only too glad of the 38 ．And after a while，Mr．Smith found that he was soon making the finest tacks in the village．

―How 39 it seems,‖ he used to say，―even making tacks can bring a fortune．My trade is more useful to me than were all my 40 riches．‖

21．A．shoemaker B．blacksmith C．businessman D．farmer 22．A．poor B．rich C．warm-hearted D．proud 23．A．as if B．as though C．even if D．even so 24．A．pass B．spend C．waste D．take

25．A．importance B．value C．use D．advantage 26．A．practice B．performance C．repetition D．exercise 27．A．amateur B．expertised C．professional D．skilled

28．A．in charge of B．in case of C．on account of D．on condition of 29．A．set up B．take up C．turn up D．put up 30．A．blacksmiths B．tradesmen C．shoemakers D．farmers 31．A．to buy B．on buying C．buying D．bought 32．A．need B．requirement C．desire D．demand 33．A．income B．bread C．dinner D．meals 34．A．art B．profession C．process D．means 35．A．sudden B．wise C．clever D．happy 36．A．bargain B．deal C．trade D．exchange 37．A．prepared B．settled C．served D．attended 38．A．assistance B．condition C．charge D．offer 39．A．fortunate B．interested C．wise D．funny 40．A．before B．primary C．precedent D．former 第二部分：阅读理解（第一节20小题，第二节5小题；每小题2分，满分50分）

第一节：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

When Peng Liyuan stepped off the plane in Moscow，the whole world wanted to know who dressed the elegant first lady．The reporter released the secret – Ma Ke．

Peng Liyuan has been wearing Ma Ke’s designs for more than a decade，a fact that was only highlighted recently when she was on her first state visit，accompanying her husband President Xi

Jinping．The elegant and attractive Peng，formerly a popular singer，has been compared with the US’ first lady Michelle Obama and France’s Carla Bruni-Sarkozy，since stepping off the airplane in Moscow on March 22．Suddenly，everyone was curious to know more about the first lady’s wardrobe．

Even so，Ma prefers a low-key approach．―If you eat a tasty egg，why would you want to see the hen?‖ she says to all the media attention．

Ma’s relationship with Peng began 10 years ago after a concert in Guangzhou when a reporter told Peng she knew the designer behind the label Exception de Mixmind．Peng asked for an introduction because she was a fan of Ma’s designs and had been wearing them for years．

The two naturally became friends．Ma says: ―The painting reflects the painter，and clothes reflect both the designer and the wearer．Someone desires fame and wealth，or love and sympathy； what you have in your heart is reflected in the design．Those who don’t share my philosophy won’t buy my clothes．Peng is a caring person，devoted to charity and environmental protection，which is exactly what I’m doing now．‖

However，regardless of the brand，Peng’s support of Chinese labels has surprised millions of Chinese who favor foreign fashion brands．

―Instead she presented a vision of Chinese fashion，desiring to bring Chinese designers to the world stage,‖ says a western designer．

The first lady’s double-breasted coat and her black leather handbag aren’t available at any of Exception’s shops，though Exception’s physical stores do have seen a rising number of visitors．

41．In the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 Ma Ke mentioned ―an egg and the hen‖ to show ____．

A．it is hard to explain ―Which came first，the egg or the hen?‖ B．paying such great attention to her was unnecessary C．the outcome was more important than the process

D．her dissatisfaction with the media attention on her dress 42．What can we infer from the passage?

A．Ma Ke offered to design the first lady’s clothes through her friends．

B．Peng had liked Ma’s design’s long before she got to know her in the flesh． C．Peng’s suits can be bought in Ma Ke’s clothes stores．

D．First ladies compete with each other whenever they are together． 43．We know from the passage that Peng Liyuan __________．

A．always desires the exceptional charm of the brand

B．often reflects on what she has in her heart before choosing clothes C．is sympathetic and has a strong environmental consciousness D．is knowledgeable in philosophy

44．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

A．Peng wears the dress designed by a Chinese designer probably to support Chinese brands． B．Many citizens found Peng Liyuan’s choice quite unexpected．

C．After Peng Liyuan’s visit to Moscow，Ma Ke’s clothes became more popular．

D．A large number of ladies visited Exception’s physical stores and bought the black leather

handbags like Peng’s．

45．The passage focuses on _____________．

A．the designer of the first lady Peng Liyuan’s dress，Ma Ke B．the friendship between Peng Liyuan and her designer C．Peng Liyuan’s clothes on her first state visit

D．the reactions to Peng Liyuan’s first visit to Moscow

B

Daughter of the East

Ruff! Ruff! Where’s Scruff?

Author: Benazir Bhutto List price: ￡5.99 Pages: 464 Publisher: Simon & Schuster Ltd ISBN: 9781847390851 Book Description: A timely new edition of the extraordinary life story of Pakistan’s first woman Prime Minister---now updated to assess recent developments in her country as it assumes a central role in world affairs. Beautiful and charismatic, the daughter of one of Pakistan’s most popular leaders---Zulfikar Ali Bhutto；hanged by General Zia in 1979—Benazir Bhutto is not only the first woman to lead a post-colonial Muslim state; she achieved a status approaching that of a royal

Reading level: Baby---Preschool Hardcover: 16 pages Language: English Price: $11.16&eligible for FREE Super Saver Shipping on orders over $25. Availability: In stock. Sold by Amazon.com. Gift-Wrap available. Want it delivered: Thursday, September 2. Book Description: It’s bath time for Scruff. But does anyone know where he’s hiding? Have the cows seen him? Moo-no! How about the pigs? Oink-no! Looking for that dog is just too tough! But not for toddlers. If they look carefully, they’ll find Scruff hiding on every popup page! The Giving Tree Reading Level: Ages 4-8 Hardcover: 64 pages Language: English Price: $ 11.55 Availability: Sold all year round and choose One-Day Shipping at checkout. Book Description: Once there was a tree…and she loved a little boy. Every day the boy would come to the tree to eat her apples, swing from her branches, or slide down her trunk…and the tree was happy. Goodnight Moon

Reading level: Baby—Preschool Board book: 30 pages Language: English List Price: $ 8.99 Price: $ 8.99 Availability: In stock. Shipped from and sold by Amazon.com Book Description: Perhaps the perfect children’s bedtime book, Goodnight Moon is a short poem of goodnight wishes from a young rabbit preparing for—or attempting to postpone—his own slumber. He says goodnight to every object in sight and within earshot, including the ―quiet old lady whispering hush.‖ 46． Bob wanted to know a famous figure who influenced Pakistanchoose to read?

．Which of the following should he

A．Daughter of the East B．Ruff! Ruff! Where’s Scruff? C．The Giving Tree D．Goodnight Moon

47．Mrabout animals and read picture books with a hide-and-seek adventure and lots of popup surprises ．Smith wants to buy his two-year-old grandson a book．The boy likes to listen to some stories

on every page．The book should be ______． A．Daughter of the East B．Ruff! Ruff! Where’s Scruff? C．Goodnight Moon D．The Giving Tree 48．How many of these books are suitable for pre-school children to read?

A．1 B．2 C．3 D．4 49．In which of the following places will we most probably find such an advertisement?

A．In a women’s fashion shop． B．In a children’s park C

．In a bookstore． D．In a kindergarten ―Clean your plate!‖ Just about every kid in C

the US has heard this from a parent．Often，it is

accompanied by an appeal: ―Just think about those starving orphans in Africa!‖ Sure，we should be grateful for every bite of food．Unfortunately，many people in the US take too many bites．Instead of staying ―clean the plate‖，perhaps we should save some food for tomorrow．

According to news reports，US restaurants are partly to blame for the growing bellies（腹部）．A waiter puts a plate of food in front of each customer，with two or four times the amount recommended by the government，according to a USA Today story．Americans traditionally associate quantity with value and most restaurants try to give them that．They prefer to have customers complain about too much food rather than too little．

Barbara Rolls，a nutrition professor at Pennsylvania State university，told USA Today that restaurant portion sizes began to grow in the 1970s，the same time that the American waistline began to expand．

Health experts have tried to get many restaurants to serve smaller portions．Now，apparently，some customers are calling for this too．The restaurant industry trade believed restaurants serve portions that are too large；23 percent had no opinion；20 percent disagreed．But a closer look at the survey indicates that many Americans who can’t afford fine dining still prefer large portions．70 percent of those earning at least $150,000 per year prefer smaller portions；but only 45 percent of those earning less than $25,000 want smaller．

It’s not that working class Americans don’t want to eat healthy．It’s just that，after long hours at low-paying jobs，getting less on their plate hardly seems like a good deal．They live from paycheck to paycheck，happy to save a little money for next year’s Christmas presents．

50．―Clean your plate!‖ in the first paragraph means _____________．

A．to wash the plate B．not to waste the food C．not to eat too much D．to help the starving orphans 51．American restaurants serve large portions because ___________．

A．the government recommends the amount B．the restaurants want people to keep healthy C．Americans are good at eating D．Americans value the amount 52．What happened in the 1970s?

A．The government recommended serving small portion． B．Americans began to realize the importance of health．

C．Health experts persuaded restaurants to serve large portions． D．People in the United States began to gain weight．

53．Which of the following is NOT true of the working class Americans?

A．They want to save money for their children． B．They work long hours but are lowly paid． C．They would rather eat less food． D．They live from salary to salary． 54．What does the survey indicate?

A．Many poor Americans want large portions． B．20 percent Americans want smaller portions．

C．45 percent Americans earn less than $25,000 per year． D．70 percent Americans earn at least $150,000 per year．

D

How many hours do you spend sitting in a chair every day? Eight hours in the office plus three hours in front of the TV after work is the norm for many people．

You probably don’t need an expert to tell you that sitting too much is not good for your health—from an increased risk of heart disease and obesity in the long term，to reduced cholesterol（胆固醇） maintenance in the short term，not to mention the strain（过劳；紧张）on your neck and spine（脊椎）．

The BBC and the University of Chester in the UK conducted a simple experiment with a small group of 10 volunteers who usually spent most of the day sitting．They were asked to stand for at least three hours a day．The researchers took measurements on days when the volunteers stood，and when they sat around．When they looked at the data there were some surprising differences，the BBC reported on

Oct．16．

Blood glucose（葡萄糖）leveled off after a meal much quicker on the days when the study subjects stood compared with the days they spent in a chair．Standing also burned more calories—about 50 calories an hour．Over the course of a year that would add up to about 30,000 extra calories，or around 3．63 kilograms of fat．

―If you want to put that into activity levels，then that would be the equivalent of running about 10 marathons a year‖, said John Buckley，a member of the research team．―Just by standing up three or four hours in your day at work.‖

Buckley said that although doing exercise offers many proven benefits，our bodies also need the constant，almost insensible increase in muscle activity that standing provides．Simple movement helps us to keep our all-important blood sugar under control．

The researchers believe that even small adjustments，like standing while talking on the phone，going over to talk to a colleague rather than sending an e-mail，or simply taking the stairs instead of the elevator will help．

55．What does the underlined word norm mean in paragraph 1? A．typical rule B．expected standard C．usual behavior D．agreed amount 56．Sitting too much may cause the following except _____．

A．heart disease B．cholesterol maintenance C．weight gaining D．neck strain 57．Researches show that the negative effects of sitting too much can be avoided by _____．

A．walking more B．having a good diet C．working out regularly D．talking more to friends 58．We can infer from the passage that _____．

A．the risk of dying rose for each additional hour of television a person watched per day B．doing exercise has no benefit at all to people who work in offices for eight hours per day C．as soon as you sit down，no calories are burnt in your body

D．women have a higher chance of death than men do when both sitting for too long 59．In the passage the writer advises people to _____．

A．pay more attention to exercise

B．select jobs which have more chances of standing C．run marathons every year to burn calories

D．take the stairs more instead of using the elevator 60．Which of the following is the best title of the passage?

A．Don’t be seated，or you’ll die B．Don’t watch TV after work C．Sit-down habit is killing us D．Taking the stairs is beneficial to health 第二节：下面文章中有5个段落需要添加首句（第61-65题）。请从以下选项（A、B、C、D、E和F）中选出适合各段落的首句。选项中有一项是多余选项。

A. As we grow older, we begin to make friends. B. Keeping a friendship is more difficult than making new friends.

C. Having a true friend is the greatest comfort in the world. D. Friendship is a great fortune.

E. Friendship is not a one-way street.

F. Making true friends is not an easy task.

__61 However，it is often undervalued and taken for granted．Why? Everybody has friends，or at least most of us do．In comparison（比较；对比），money is highly valued because not all of us have it．Even so it can be proven that friendship can be a bigger and better fortune than money．

62 Even if you lose all of your money，your true friend will remain with you．Your friend will support you when you need him/her the most．When we are born，our greatest friend is our mother．She takes care of us under all circumstances and sometimes even protects us by putting herself in danger．Friendship is like that too．

63 With some of them we have quarrels．With others we are dissatisfied．With very few，we remain friends for life．From these friends，we are sure that we will get help whenever we need it，but we also have to be prepared to do the same．

64 It demands commitment（承诺；奉献） from both friends．However，the fruits of friendship are very sweet and they only drop from the tree when we are most hungry．

65 It takes a lot of effort．We have to give love，be caring，and support them to continue a

friendship．What we expect from our friends is also expected by them from us．Once we have true friends，we can be sure that we will never be left alone．

第Ⅱ卷 （非选择题部分，共40分）

第三部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节：短文改错（共10小题； 每小题1分，满分10分）

假如英语课上老师要求同学们交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有10处语言错误，要求你在错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写上该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（\\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。 注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

I once didn’t understand the way Americans talk when they firstly met．The Americans prefer to talking about the weather，sports，hobbies，and past experience．This way of talking is called ―small talk‖ in the America．They rarely talk about things too personal at first meeting，that is what I never knew before! I thought if I shared personal information or feelings with the American roommate，I could become familiar to her quickly just like I used to do with my friends in China．I think it will cost some time for me to have a better understanding of American culture．Therefore，I feel challenged to do it，and I am excited to learn more about it．

第二节：书面表达（满分30分）

假设你叫李阳，是一名高中生。你的好友王力最近发来电子邮件，他说由于他的父母不允许他上网，希望他把时间都用在学习上，所以他感到非常苦恼。请根据下面的写作提示，给王力回一封信。

1. 表示理解和同情； 2. 提出建议；

3. 祝愿他心情好起来。

注意：1．词数120左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；

2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Wang Li,

I

know

from

your

letter

that

you

are

upset

recently_________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________Yours,

Li Yang

2015届新高考单科综合调研卷参考答案

英语（一）

7．D 【解题思路】suggest发生在ignored之前。

8．A 【解题思路】她在舞台上的表演远非失败，而是很成功。

9．A 【解题思路】空格处However表转折; Therefore表因果；While表并列对比；Moreover―此外‖，意义不符。

10．C【解题思路】考查非谓语动词用法，making此处相当于which makes……。 11．C【解题思路】非限定性定语从句关系词位于句首用as,―正如……‖。 12．B【解题思路】keep sb．company―与某人共处，作伴‖。

13．A【解题思路】语意为―我正在给他们讲述我的令人兴奋的旅游经历，但突然被他插入

的故事给打断了‖，break in―打断，插话‖；break out―爆发‖；break down―出故障，垮掉‖；break off―折断，中断‖。

14．B【解题思路】nowhere位于句首，部分倒装；本句时态应为一般现在时态。 15．D【解题思路】强调结构句型：It is … that …

16．A【解题思路】There is little doubt in your mind that…中含有否定意义的词little，附加问

句用肯定式。

17．C 【解题思路】考查plan的内容，引导同位语从句用that。

18．D 【解题思路】根据意义：我们往往相信学习更多的技能并获取更多的证书来证明这

些技能。但是专家说学生对这些证书应该有一个理性的认识。

19．B 【解题思路】根据语义，连词for起解释、说明的作用，because of后不接并列句子，

其他意义不符。

20．A 【解题思路】对话应答， No problem这里表―没关系‖。 21．B【解题思路】文中Jones是―铁匠‖，第二段明确点明。

22．B【解题思路】文章最后一句My trade is more useful to me than were all my former riches．可

看出。

23．C【解题思路】―即便只是…‖， even if 表示让步。 24．A【解题思路】pass the time―消遣，打发时间‖，符合语境。

25．C【解题思路】此处语义承接，表示―可能对你有用‖，be of use to sb．对某人有用。 26．A【解题思路】―练习了一阵之后‖，practice侧重于技能的学习、实践。

27．D 【解题思路】skilled此处表示―很熟练了‖。

28．C 【解题思路】老史密斯过世了，他的儿子因为战乱失去了所有的家产。on account of―因

为、由于‖。

29．B 【解题思路】take up residence―居住下来、安顿下来‖。

30．C【解题思路】从下文spending a lot of money…tacks for their shoes可以判断他们是鞋匠。 31．C 【解题思路】固定句式spend … (in) doing sth．

32．D 【解题思路】与high搭配 demand合适，―要求高，需求量大‖的意思。need多用great

修饰。

33．B 【解题思路】earn one’s (daily) bread―谋生‖

40．D【解题思路】他从前的财富。former―先前的，原来的‖。 Ａ篇：本文介绍了中国第一夫人的服装主设计师马可。

41．B 【解题思路】推理判断题。划线句子意为―如果你吃的鸡蛋味道很好又何必还要见

那只鸡呢？‖。结合前句Ma prefers a low-key approach．可看出马可是个低调的人，不想让媒体对她关注太多。

42．B 【解题思路】推理判断题。根据第四段可知：彭丽媛在被记者介绍认识马可之前就

一直喜欢马可设计的衣服并且穿了好几年了。

43．C 【解题思路】细节理解题。第五段Peng is a caring person, devoted to charity and

environmental protection,

44．D 【解题思路】细节理解题。最后一段The first lady’s double-breasted coat and her black

leather handbag aren’t available at any of Exception’s shops,可知Ｄ项表述错误。

45．A 【解题思路】主旨大意题。第一段最后一句点明The reporter released the secret – Ma

Ke．点明文章主要阐述的对象是彭丽媛服饰的设计者马可。 Ｂ篇：本文为四则介绍书籍的广告。

46．A 【解题思路】根据第一则广告Daughter of the East巴基斯坦第一位女总理的非凡生

活。

47．B 【解题思路】根据第二则广告Ruff! Ruff! Where’s Scruff?中But does anyone know where

he’s hiding? Have the cows seen him? Moo-no! How about the pigs? Oink-no! Looking for that dog is just too tough! But not for toddlers．If they look carefully, they’ll find Scruff hiding on every popup page!的内容可知。

48．C 【解题思路】后三则广告介绍的书籍都适宜学龄前儿童；第一则不是。

49．C 【解题思路】Ａ是女装店；Ｂ和Ｄ是儿童公园和幼儿园，第一本书不合适，Ｃ是书

店，各类书籍广告都有可能。

Ｃ篇：美国也有―光盘行动‖。它号召人们不要浪费粮食，但是由于传统及经济收入等方

面的原因，很多美国人更愿意饱餐一顿，因此行动实施遭遇了一些困难。

50．B 【解题思路】细节理解题。第一段中―Just think about those starving orphans in Africa!‖

和Instead of staying ―clean the plate‖, perhaps we should save some food for tomorrow．可知。

51．D 【解题思路】细节理解题。第二段中Americans traditionally associate quantity with value

and most restaurants try to give them that．可知。

52．D 【解题思路】细节理解题。第三段中…restaurant portion sizes began to grow in the 1970s,

the same time that the American waistline began to expand可知。

53．C 【解题思路】细节理解题。最后一段中It’s just that, after long hours at low-paying jobs,

getting less on their plate hardly seems like a good deal．可知。

54．A 【解题思路】推理判断题。根据第四段所作的调查可知：对于饭的数量是否太多的

问题，23%的人没有发表意见；20%的人不认为数量多；70%年收入至少在＄150 000的那些人愿意减少饭的数量，但年收入低于＄25 000的人只有45%希望减少。由此推断吃不起美食的人任然趋向于饭量多。 D篇：坐的时间越长的人越容易早死。

55．C 【解题思路】根据语境：办公室一族上班坐八小时，回到家里傍晚继续坐着看三个

小时的电视是一种常态。usual behavior是―通常性的行为‖。

56．B 【解题思路】根据第二段from an increased risk of heart disease and obesity in the long

term, to reduced cholesterol(胆固醇) maintenance in the short term, not to mention the strain(过劳；紧张) on your neck and spine(脊椎)可知应是导致reduced cholesterol maintenance

57．A 【解题思路】根据第三段可知B、C错；根据最后一段going over to talk to a colleague

rather than sending an e-mail可知D错。

58．D 【解题思路】根据第五段跟踪调查研究男女数据可知。

59．D【解题思路】根据the negative effects of sitting too much cannot be countered with a good

diet and regular exercise和Buckley said that although doing exercise offers many proven benefits, our bodies also need the constant, almost insensible increase in muscle activity that standing provides．可知：锻炼虽有很多好处，但对于―由于多坐而带来对身体的影响‖作用不大，排除A。B和C是误解文意。D是作者建议的有效方法之一。 60．C 【解题思路】A太绝对；B以偏概全；D只是方法之一，不能概括文章主旨。

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