四级听力长对话解题技巧

PART 1 听力新题型之新闻题

一，四级听力题型变化简介：

自2016年6月考试起，全国大学英语四、六级考试委员会将对四级考试的听力试题作局部调整。调整

的相关内容说明如下 1.取消短对话。 2.取消短文听写。

3.新增短篇新闻(3段)，每段设置2～3个小题，共7题，每小题1分，新闻长度130～190词。

4.长对话(2段)由原来的共7题调整为共8题，每小题1分，对话长度不变。 5.短文理解(3段)题型不变，分值由原来的每小题1分调整为每小题2分。 6.考试时间由原来的35分钟减为25分钟。 二，新闻英语文体特点 (-)新闻报道。六大要素。

新闻报道里的。六大要素。即常说的。人物(who)、时间(when)、地点(where)、事件(what)、原因(why)和方式(how)。。在英语短新闻或内容提要中至少包括其中三个要素who,what和when，这些是新闻报道中最具价值的三要素。 (二)倒金字塔结构

所谓倒金宇塔结构，也称为倒叙法，即按新闻事实重要程度由要点到细节逐步扩展，安排全文，倒金

字塔结构把最重要的事实置于全文的第一词中，即新闻导语(the news lead)。导语告知听众最新鲜、最关

心、最重要的事实，如事件(what)、时间(when)、地点(wher日、人物(who)以及原因(why)和方式(how)

新闻导语是对整条新闻内容的高度概括，听懂了导语，也就听懂了新闻的主要内容。当然，由于新闻报道

的侧重点不同，有时新闻导语可能只包含其中的几个要素。 (三)新闻英语词汇特点 1.常用词汇表示特殊含义

新闻报道常使用某些常见词汇来表达事实和事件，这些词汇经过长期使用逐渐取得与新闻报道相联系的特殊意义，成为新闻体词语(journalistic words)。例如，horror一词是新闻标题中常用的词，用以表示\不幸事故或暴力行动。，再如nadir常指。两国关系的最低点。。 2.大量使用缩略词

缩略词具有节省时间、新颖生动的特点，在英语新闻广播中广泛使用，主要是为了节省时间。在新闻广播中，一般在播出某个缩略的全称以后，再提到时就使用它的缩略词。 3.使用。小词。

小词(midget wolds)即简短词，一般为单音节词。小词在新闻英语中被广泛使用的原因一是报纸箱

有限，用小词可以免于移行，二是小词的词义范畴很广，比较生动灵活。新闻英语称这类词为synonyms of

all work(万能同义词)，如表示。破坏。或。损坏。的动词，一般会用一些较简短的词，如hit,harm,hurt或

ruin等又如表示。放弃。，一般会用drop,give up,quit或skip等表示。爆炸。之类的意义时，

一般会用blast, crash 或 smash 等. 4，地名、建筑物名称借用 在英语新闻中，我们时常会听到记者用各国首都名称代表国家或政府，用建筑物及街道名称代表有关政府机构. 如 WASHINGTON, July 25-The White House today threatened for the first time 1o... 此处WhiteHouse (白宫)代表美国政府。再如The Chinese Embassy in Washington criticized the Pentagon report八on Monday...此处Pentagon(五角大楼)代表美国国防部。 新闻听力解题技巧

新闻听力为四级听力考试新加题型，本部分新闻内容一般来自VOA.BBC或CNN等国外知名传媒节目中为学生所熟悉的新闻报道或短评等，题材多样化涉及文化、教育、体育、人物、经济、自然、科技、生活等方面。考生在备考时，可以有针对性地拓宽自己的知识面和新闻敏感度。

解题思路；做好考前备战，1.通览选项2.定位关键细节3.留心反向词汇4.放松心情前准备。考试注意事项1.放松心情，集中精力2.抓导语，导语是新闻内容的主要体现3.捕捉所需细节对人名的发音做到心中有数4.注意时间、数字、地点等敏感信息5.注意力与朗读同步，勿滞后否则干扰选择作答

涂卡建议：1.迅速作答 相信第一直觉

2.选项最好写在听力题选项左侧，便于辨识，切忌反复涂改 3.若选择做完即涂卡，切勿占用下篇新闻的读题时间。 第一节 新闻类单词突击 新闻中常见词汇：

tragedy [?tr?d??di] n. 灾难；悲剧

disastrous [d??za:str?s] a，灾难性的;损失惨重的 death toll死亡人数

mortality [m?:?t?l?ti] n.死亡(率)

wreck [rek]vt.破坏，毁坏;拆除;使遇难n.毁灭，失事;遇难船的残骸; crash [kr??] v.碰撞;使发出巨响;暴跌;睡觉n.崩溃;碰撞;碰撞声;暴跌 typhoon [ta??fu:n]n.台风

storm [st?:m] 美 [st?:rm] n.暴风雨，暴风雪;

sandstorm英 [?s?ndst?:m] 美 [?s?ndst?:rm] n.沙暴，尘暴 uproot [??p?ru:t] vt.根除;连根拔起;

erupt [??r?pt]vi. 爆发;喷发;突然发生vt.爆发 earthquake [??:θkwe?k] n. 地震;大变动 magnitude /’maegnitju:d/ n. 震级 record rainfall创纪录的降雨量 flood [fl?d] n.洪水;泛滥 vi.涌出; extreme weather极端天气 drought/draut/ n.干旱，早灾 disaster /dl'zasta/ n. 灾难

casualty[?k??u?lti]n.伤亡（人数 crisis/’kraisis/n.危机 misfortune [?m?s?f?:t?u:n]n.不幸;厄运;灾难;不幸的事 collapse [k??l?ps]vi.崩溃;倒塌

destructive [d??str?kt?v]adj.破坏性的;毁灭性的 hurricane [?h?r?k?n]n.飓风 tornado [t?:?ne?d??] n.龙卷风 mudslide [?m?dsla?d] n.泥石流 volcano [v?l?ke?n??] n.火山 eruption [?'r?p?n] n.喷发，爆发 epicenter ['ep?sent?] n. 震中，中心 aftershock [?ɑ:ft???k] n.余震 reduced rainfall降雨量减少 climate change气候变化 heat wave热浪

famine/’faemin/n，饥荒

environment [?n?va?r?nm?nt]n.环境，外界 creature [?kri:t??(r)]n.人;生物，动物 carbon[?kɑ:b?n]n.碳

carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 ecological balance 生态平衡

marine[m??ri:n]adj.海的;海产的;海军的n.水兵;海军陆战队士兵 habitat [?h?b?t?t]n.产地;（动物的）栖息地 pesticide[?pest?sa?d]n.杀虫剂，农药 biological diversity 生物多样性 wild animals 野生动物保护 greenhouse effect温室效应 water shortage 水资源短缺 pollutant[p??lu:t?nt]n.污染物 exhaust gas 废气 acid rain 酸雨

El Nino 厄尔尼诺现象 resource[r??s?:s]n.资源;物力 species[?spi:?i:z]n.物种;种类;

reserve[r??z?:v] n.储备;保留;保护区vt.储备;保留 dioxide[da???ksa?d]n.二氧化物 ozone[???z??n]n.臭氧;清新空气 insect[??nsekt]n.虫，昆虫;adj.昆虫的 geology[d?i??l?d?i]n.地质学 deforestation[?di:?f?r??ste??n]n.采伐森林 extinction of species 物种的灭绝 endangered animals 濒危动物 hazardous material 有害物质 pollute[p??lu:t]vt.污染 emission[i?m??n]n.排放，辐射 acid[??s?d]adj.酸的;酸性的n.酸 erosion[?'r???n]n.腐蚀 forest fire 森林火灾

armed campaign 武装战役 front[fr?nt]n.前线

bomb attack 炸弹袭击 blast[blɑ:st]n.爆炸

militant[?m?l?t?nt]n.激进分子，好斗分子 explode[?k?spl??d]vt.（使）爆炸

outbreak[?a?tbre?k]n.战争，怒气等的）爆发 combat[?k?mb?t]n.格斗，搏斗vt.与?战斗 missile[?m?sa?l]n.导弹

invade[?n?ve?d]vt.& vi.侵入，侵略;进行侵略 tactic[?t?kt?k]n.战术

ceasefire[?si:sfa??(r)] n.（通常指永久性的）停火 conquer[?k??k?(r)]vt.征服 detain[d??te?n]v.扣留 death toll 死亡人数

confidential information 机密情报 disarm[d?s?ɑ:m]v.解除武装 Defence Ministry 国防部

attack[??t?k]vt.& vi.攻击，袭击 gun attack 枪弹袭击 bomb[b?m] n.炸弹

explosive[?k?spl??s?v]adj.爆炸的;易爆炸的n.爆炸物，炸药 bullet[?b?l?t]n.弹丸;子弹,弹药 conventional forces 常规部队 arrest[??rest]vt.逮捕，拘捕 suspend[s??spend]v.暂停

victim[?v?kt?m]n.牺牲者，牺牲品

surrender[s??rend?(r)] vi.投降;自首;屈服vt.交出;放弃;使投降 intelligence activities 情报活动

patrol[p??tr??l]n.巡逻，巡逻队，vt.& vi.巡逻 custody [?k?st?di]n.监管v.拘留 terrorist attack 恐怖袭击 allege [??led?] vt.断言，宣称 turnout[?t?:na?t] n.投票者；票数 poll [p??l] n.民意测试；政治选举 campaign [k?m?pe?n]n.运动;战役 democratic[?dem??kr?t?k] adj.民主的 depose[d??p??z]vt.宣誓作证 immunity[??mju:n?ti]n.免疫力

illegal[??li:gl]adj.不合法的，违法的 militant policy 激进政策

sovereign[?s?vr?n]n.君主;最高统治者a.有主权的 reign [re?n]v./n.君主的统治

proposal[pr??p??zl]n.建议;提议

terrorism [?ter?r?z?m]n.恐怖主义,恐怖活动 senate[?sen?t]n.参议院

committee[k??m?ti]n.委员会 statesman[?ste?tsm?n]n.政治家 nominate[?n?m?ne?t]vt.任命 ballot[?b?l?t]n./v.投票 election[??lek?n]n.选举

boycott[?b??k?t]vt.联合抵制;抵制n.联合抵制 concession[k?n?se?n]n.让步，迁就 democracy[d??m?kr?si]n.民主政治 hierarchy[?ha??rɑ:ki]n.层次;等级制度 impeach[?m?pi:t?]vt.弹劾

monarch[?m?n?k]n.君主，帝王 law enforcement 执法 regime[re???i:m]n.政治制度

partisan[?pɑ:t??z?n]adj.游击队的;党派性的 suppress[s??pres]vt.镇压，压制 tyranny[?t?r?ni]n.暴虐;专横

municipal[mju:?n?s?pl]adj.市的，市政的 politician[?p?l??t??n]n.政治家 draft[drɑ:ft]n.草稿vt.起草 candidate[?k?nd?d?t] n.候选人 implement [??mpl?ment]vt.实施 amend[??mend]vt.& vi.修订 welfare[?welfe?(r)]n.福利 impose[?m?p??z]vt.强加;征税

新闻听力之单词巩固（5篇）

补全下列对话 Passage 1

Two people died.Roads and highways are closed.Homes are without power.And travelers are（ ） in Great Britain because of record rainfall.

The rain set records and affected the northern part of England and Scotland.The national weather service （ ）a \parked cars.Rescue workers remove （ ） by boat from a flooded residential street in Carlisle, Britain December 6.The Reuters news agency says two people died because of the flooding.The head of Britain's Environment Agency called the weather\of the （ ） received between 200 to 300 millimeters of rain over the weekend,（ ）the U.K.'s National Weather Service.The weather office says （ ） weather may continue into the week.

（ ）rainy weather is not only affecting the northern hemisphere.The city of Chennai in southern India also received over 300 millimeters of rain in 24 hours last week.The rain （ ） came at the same time world leaders are meeting in France to （ ）climate change at the COP21 convention.

One climate change expert from the United Kingdom's office of the World Wildlife Fund said \（ ）climate change.\Passage 2

The Islamic State group has claimed responsibility for a bomb and gun attack Thursday in Indonesia's capital.The attack left ( )seven people dead,including a Canadian and an Indonesian.Twenty other people were( ).Officials said all five attackers were killed.A news agency linked to Islamic State says the attacks took place in a high-end ( )in central Jakarta.Earlier, an Indonesian national police( )said a group allied with the Islamic State was probably responsible for the attacks.

The violence began with a series of( )on Thursday morning.Six blasts were reported near a shopping center,hotels and embassies.Gun battles between militants and police took place ( )the day.By late afternoon,officials said the attack had ended.\shopping area with ( )and office buildings,\Frans Demon,an Indonesian Service reporter in Jakarta.He also said the bombs exploded not far from a United Nations office,the presidential palace and the U.S. Embassy.The embassy will( ) closed on Friday, as a precaution.The president of Indonesia called the attacks \of( ).\told the country not be afraid and asked for calm.

In November,Indonesian officials received a ( ) from Islamic State about a bomb attack in Jakarta.Before Thursday's attacks,the last attack against foreigners in Jakarta was a hotel bombing in 2009.

Passage 3

If you're dreaming of a White Christmas,the dream may be as close as you get.

It's the season for unseasonably ( )temperatures in the U.S.With 321 million people,it's the world's third most populated country.Over the weekend,75 percent of that ( ) felt

temperatures greater than 60 degrees Fahrenheit.That's more like late September than mid-December.Meteorologists are ( ) El Nino.It's a natural phenomenon caused by warm temperatures over the Pacific Ocean,and it can affect weather patterns around the world,( )in the U.S.It's keeping cold air bottled up in the Arctic,instead of spilling south.

Nearly the entire country is asking the same( ),where is winter? Who took it? That would be El Nino.Where is winter?That's exactly what we'd( )in a very strong El Nino year.If we( )1982, 1997,what happened in those years, exactly this---much warmer than normal temperatures across the( )half of the United States.Last year, Buffalo had \ ).And although January and February shape up the same above normal,above normal if your normal is 15,is still cold enough to make big snow.This is ( ) an El Nino pattern,a very strong El Nino pattern.Warmer than normal across the north,cooler than normal across parts of the south,and still wetter than normal across the southwest.But where's winter? Right now,it's nowhere to be found. Passage 4

Hunger hit Africa hard this year as climate change, conflict and lasting poverty destroyed multiple countries and left tens of millions of people in terrible conditions.

Countries as ( )as South Sudan,Malawi and the Central African Republic have sounded the alarm in recent months.The U.N. World Food Program says sub-Saharan Africa already has the world’s ( )prevalence of hunger.Every day in Africa,23 million children( )school hungry.The agency's David Orr said that in the lower half of Africa,where weather is the main criminal,this year has been an( )difficult year.

“I think what makes things different this year is the ( )of drought and then an El Nino weather event coming right after that,so that people are( ) being hit by two consecutive years of ( ).It's particularly difficult on a region where 70 percent of the population are subsistence farmers.”

But African governments say they, too,they have an( )role to play,and that the hunger crisis is their failure as well.Malawi's minister of finance earlier this year ( )his nation’s hunger situation as “a scandal”.In Ethiopia,the government has committed a record sum,192 million dollars amid news that as many as 10 million people will face ( )food shortages next year because of a severe drought.

Passage 5

Climate change is not just a change in the global temperature; it is also a change in the weather. Scientists say we can expect more extreme weather events ( )some areas seeing more rains and flooding, while other areas getting hotter, drier and more likely to get droughts and forest fires.

\ )on health, both through the direct effect that climate change has on extreme weather --- heat waves to heavy rainfall events and ( )flooding, coastal storms, hurricanes --- but also indirectly, in the way that it ( )disease ecology, or ecosystems

that are important in maintaining a( )environment.\

Scientists are seeing more heavy rains in some regions, drought in others. The rain can create flood plains where mosquitoes( ), and storms, floods and droughts can create conditions resulting in water- and mosquito-borne diseases. Scientists expect storms and floods to ( )the spread of cholera in developing countries as flooding creates contaminated water. Other research concerns the spread of malaria. A larger portion of Africa than( )predicted is now at high risk for malaria transmission, according to a new University of Florida mapping study.Malaria will arrive in new areas, the research( ), posing a risk to new populations and will require changes in( ) public health. The study also shows that some parts of Africa will become too hot for malaria.

答案速查 Passage1

1.trapped(trap）vt.使陷于困境 2.issued(issue)vt.颁布，发布 3.local residents当地居民 4.region n.地区，区域 5.according to 根据，依据 6.severe a.严重的

7.extreme a，极端的 8.emergencies(emergency）n.紧急情况 9.discuss vt.讨论 10 tackle vt.对付，处理 Passage 2

1.at least至少 2.wounded a.（战争中）受伤的 3.neighborhood n.四邻，邻近地区 4.spokesman n.发言人 5.explosions(explosion) n.爆炸 6.throughout prep.贯穿 7.restaurants(restaurant) n.餐馆, 饭店

8.remain vi.仍然是 9.terror n.恐怖，恐怖活动 10.threat n.威胁 Passage3

1.mild a.温暖的，暖和的 2.population n.人口

3.blaming(blame) vt.指责 4.especially ad.特别地，尤其地 5.question n.疑问，问题 6.expect vt.预料

7.look back to 回顾 8.eastern a.东部的,东方的 9.ground n.地，地面 10.clearly ad.清楚地 Passage 4

l.diverse a.不同的 2.highest(high)a.最高的 3.go to去 4.unusually ad.不同寻常

5.combination n.结合(体) 6.effectively ad.有效地,给人印象深刻的 7.reduced rainfall减少的降雨量 8.important a.重要的

9.described(describe) vt.描述，形容10.critical a.关键性的，危急的 Passage5

1.along with连同 2.impact n.影响

3.associated ad相关的 4.alters(alter) v.改变 5.healthy a.健康的 6.breed v.滋生，产生 7.increase v.增加 8.preciously ad.以前

9.suggests(suggest) v.暗示，表明 10.managing（manage）v.管理

PART2短篇新闻听力大解题技巧

四级新闻相对较短，包含的专业词汇较多，考生听的时候容易紧张慌乱，很可能一篇新闻听完了，只听到寥寥几个单词，无从下笔做题

进行短篇新闻听力部分的考试时，考生要重视预滨考题，让自己在听录音和答题时更有把握。

方法一：根据选项联想新闻主题

新闻听力不外乎以下主题国际关系、灾难、犯罪、经济、民生调查、恐怖主义、政治、科技、环境、体育等。预读考题的时候，通过结合题干和选项的关键字眼，可以看出这篇新闻主题是什么，听的时候有所侧重。

例如：A) All taxis began to use meters. C) Advertisements were allowed on taxis. B) All taxis got air conditioning. D) Old taxis were replaced with new cabs.

详解：由选项的关键词A丑taxis,01d taxis,new cabs等可以看出这是一则与出租车有关的新闻，而且涉及新旧出租车。有了这个M判，就能从整体上把握新闻内容，做到心中有数。 方法二：根据选项记录重点

根据有些选项的内容，就可以判断这属于什么命题类型，然后根据类型来做笔记。比如选项都为数字题时，可在听音时重点记录与选项对应的数字的内容。类似的还有时间和地点等细节题，在听音时，应重视在对应的选项旁记录相应的内容 例如：

On Christmas Eve. C) During a security check

B) Just before midnight D) In the small hours of the morning.

【详解】这道题的四个选项都是关于某个时间，因此推测本题与某事发生的时间有关，因此听录音、做笔记时应着重 关注这些时间发生的事情。

方法三：新闻导语揭示主旨大意

英语新闻报道通常把最重要的信息放在第一，它概括了全篇新闻的大意，是点睛之笔。这就是新闻的导语听懂了导语就等于听懂了一半。四级考生应注重学会把握新闻的导语，帮助答题。

例如：A) Christmas-time attacks made by Somali rebels. B) An explosion at a bus station in central Nairobi. C) the killing of more than 70 Ugandans in Kampala D) Blasts set off by a Somali group in Uganda's capital. 听力材料：Kenyan police say one person was killed and 26 injured in an explosion at a bus station in central

Nairobi. The blast hit a bus about to set off for the Ugandan capital Kampala Last July, the Somali group al-Shabab said it was behind the blasts in the Ugandan capital which killed more than 70 people.

Will Ross reports from the Kenyan capital... Q: What is the news report mainly about?

(详解】本题为主旨题。新闻报道通常开篇便直接点出报道的主题。录音首句(导语)说，肯尼亚警方公布关于一起在内罗比中部某巴士站发生的爆炸事件的情况(an explosion at a bus station in central Nairobil),B基本是对此处录音关键信息的原词复现，故为答案。

方法四：依靠常识

对于某一则新闻，万一完全没有听懂，笔记也没有记下来，考生也不要轻言放弃。可以通过仔细研究考题，运用自己的常识帮助答题。

四级考试的新闻通常是从主流媒体选材的。也就是说，新闻说的事情都是真实发生的，只要考生有一定的背景知识，有时也可以猜对答案。 例如：

A) There are no more irregular practices C) New cabs are all equipped with meters. B) All new cabs provide air-conditioning D) New legislation protects consumer rights. Q Why do customers no longer argue with new cab drivers?

详解：如果没有听信原文、也没有记录，这道题完全可以结合常识进行解答。只要听到了问题，根据常识可知的出租车是不用跟司机讨价还价的，据此可选C. PART3短片新闻听力练习

第二节听力新题型

Sample Test

Section A

Directions in this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each new report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Question 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item. 1.A)Christmas-time attacks made by Somali rebels. B) An explosion at a bus station in central Nairobi C)The killing of more than 70 Ugandans in Kampala. D)Blasts set off bu a Somali group in Uganda’s capital.

2.A) On Christmas Eve. C) During a security check.

B) Just before midnight. D) In the small hours of the morning.

Questions 3 and 4 w ill be based on the following news item.

3.A) It is likely to close many of its stores. C) It remains competitive in the recession. B)It is know for the quality of its goods. D)It will expand its online retail business. 4.A)Expand its business beyond groceries. C)Cut its DVD publishing business. B) Fire 25 000 of its current employees. D) Sell the business for one pound.

第三节听力新题型特训答案

Simple Test Section A

Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item.

(1) Kenyan Police say one person was killed and 26 injured in an explosion at a bus station in central Nairobi. The blast hit a bus about to set off for the Ugandan capital Kampala. Last July, the Somali group al-Shabab said it was behind the blasts in the Ugandan capital which killed more than 7o people. Will Ross reports from the Kenyan capital.

The explosion happened beside a bus which was about to set off for an overnight journey from Nairobi to the Ugandan capital Kampala. (2) Some eye witnesses report that a bag was about to be loaded on board, but it exploded during a security check. windows of the red bus were left smashed, and blood could be seen on the ground beside the vehicle. Just hours earlier, Uganda's police chief had warned of possible

Christmas-time attacks by Somali rebels.

答案精析

1. What is the news report mainly about?

B)【精析】新闻的主旨大意一般出现在新闻的开头，由(1)可知，本则新闻主要是关于发生在内罗比(肯尼亚首都)中部汽车站的一起爆炸事故。 2. When did the incident occur?

C)【精析】由(2)可知，目击者称，一个包裹在进行安检的时候发生了爆炸。 Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item.

Woolworths is one of the best known names on the British High Street. It's been in business nearly a century. (3 ) Many of its 800 stores are likely to close following the company's decision to call administrators (4) after an attempt to sell the business for a token ￡ 1 failed.

The company has huge debts. The immediate cause for the collapse has been Britain's slide toward recession, which has cut into consumer spending. However the business had been in trouble for years.

Known for low-priced general goods, Woolworths has struggled in the face of competition from supermarkets expanding beyond groceries and a new generation of internet retailers.

Many of the store group's 25,000 employees are likely to lose their jobs. some profitable areas such as the DVD Publishing business will survive. 答案精析

3. What do we learn about Woolworths from the news report?

A)【精析】由(3)可知，沃尔沃斯(澳大利亚一家零售公司)可能会关闭它的许多商店。 4. What did Woolworths attempt to do recently?

D)【精析】由(4)可知，沃尔沃斯曾经打算把它的业务以一英镑的价格卖掉，以示纪念。

Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following news item.

Cairo is known for its overcrowded roads, irregular driving practices and shaky old vehicles, but also for its air pollution. In recent months, though, environmental studies indicate there have been signs of improvement. (5) That's due in part to the removal of many of the capital s old-fashioned black and white taxis. Most of these dated back to the 1960s and 70s and were in a

poor state of repair.

(6) After new legislation demanded their removal from the roads, a low interest loan. scheme was set up with three Egyptian banks so drivers could buy new cars. The government pays about $ 900 for old ones to be discarded and advertising on the new vehicles helps cover repayments. The idea has proved popular with customer -they can now travel in air-conditioned comfort and (7) because the new cabs are metered, they don't have to argue over fares. Banks and car manufacturers are glad for the extra business in tough economic times. As for the taxi drivers, most are delighted to be behind the wheel of new cars, although there have been a few complaints about switching from black and white to a plain white colour.

答案精析

5. What change took place in Cairo recently?

D)【精析)由(5)可知，开罗把城市里老旧的黑白相间的出租车都换掉了。 6. What helped bring about the change?

A)【精析】由(6)可知，在立法要求更换出租车后，一项低利息的贷款计划在三家埃及银行实施，所以司机们可以买得起新车了。

7. Why do customers no longer argue with new cab drivers?

C)【精析】由(7)可知，因为新的出租车都安装了计价器，所以乘客和司机不会因为车费发生争吵了。 Model Test One Section A

Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item.

(1)The shooting occurred Thursday in a lecture hall at Northern Illinois,north of Chicago. The gunman entered the hall dressed in black and carrying a shotgun and three handguns and began firing as students sought cover under desks. One student who escaped unharmed told reporters his life had changed as a result of what he experienced. Police say the gunman was Steven Kazmierczak , 27, a former graduate student in Sociology at the school.

Police say he purchased the shotgun and two of the hand guns on Saturday, indicating he may have planned the attack in advance, (2) but authorities have not determined a motive for the shooting. Kazmierczak had no criminal record and no history of mental illness. Under Illinois state law he would not have been able to purchase a weapon legally if there had been a record of arrests or mental problems. But police say he stopped taking an unspecified medication recently and his behavior became erratic.

答案精析 1.what is this news item mainly about?

D)【精析】由(1)可知，美国芝加哥郊区迪卡布发生一起校园枪击案，一名枪手在北伊利诺伊大学朝个演讲厅开枪。由此可知，新闻的主题是北伊利诺伊大学的枪击事件。 2. What is the reason of the shooting?

D)【精析】由(2)可知，枪击案的原因还不明了，目前可以明确的情况是该男子无犯罪记录，无精神病史。

Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item.

(3)In recent months a string of countries, from Japan to Switzerland, Colombia to Israel, have tried to drive down the value of their currencies. some experts call it “competitive devaluation”.

Others,though, argue that it is nothing short of a currency war-and far from boosting global recovery, it threatens to undermine it.

So concerned are policymakers that the issue looks set to dominate talks on Friday at a meeting of finance ministers and central bankers.Dominique Strauss-Kahn,managing director of the International Monetary Fund,which hosts the meeting in Washington,set out the concerns in the Financial Times on Tuesday.(4)“There is clearly the idea beginning to circulate that currencies can be used as a policy weapon. Translated. Into action, such an idea would represent a very serious risk to the global recovery,”he said. 答案精析

3. What has happened to Israel's currency?

B)【精析】由句(3)可知，以色列对其货币进行了贬值。 4. What can we learn from Dominique Strauss-Kahn?

C)(精析】由句(4)可知，Dominique Strauss-Kahn认为，把货币作为政策武器不利于全球经济的恢复。

Questions 5 to 7 will be based en the following news item.

The latest round of United Nations climate change talks begins Monday in the coastal resort city of Cancun, Mexico. Representatives from 194 countries are scheduled to attend. (5) Negotiators will try to close the political gap between commitments to reduce carbon emissions made by developed and developing nations . Last year’s talks in Copenhagen,Denmark ,carried high hopes for a binding global agreement to curb carbon emissions,(6)but in the end delivered a disappointing and loose set of voluntary actions named the “Copenhagen Accord.”(7)Eighty countries responsible for 80 percent of the world’s carbon emissions signed the accord,agreeing--among other things --that the global temperature rise should be limited to two degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels. 答案精析

5.What is the latest round of UN climate change talks focused on?

D)【精析】由(5)可知，谈判代表们将会努力缩小发展中国家和发达国家关于减少碳排放责任的政治差距。

6. How was the result of last year's talks in Copenhagen ?

C)【精析】由(6)可知，去年哥本哈根的会谈本来被寄予厚望，希望能够达成有约束力的全球性协议，但最后却变成了令人失望的自愿行动。

7. How many countries signed the \

B)【精析】由(7)可知，有八十个国家签署了哥本哈根协定。 Model Test Two Section A

Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item.

Health officials in Haiti say nearly 300people are now known to have died in an ingestion disease outbreak in the country.Although the number of new cases has slowed,hundreds more infections were reported on Tuesday.(1)The UN and aid agencies are boosting prevention efforts in and around the capital,Port-au-Prince ,with a public information campaign on hygiene.

Experts say that after a long absence from Haiti,'ingestion disease could now\local disease. The UN said 25 more people had died disease on Tuesday, bringing the total to 284.A total of 3 612 cases have been reported.(2)Health experts say they expect the outbreak will

soon lessen but the disease will eventually join malaria and tuberculosis,becoming local disease in Haiti. 答案精析

1. What did the UN and aid agencies do for the disease?

C)【精析】由(1)可知，联合国和急救机构通过开展公共卫生信息运动来促进对该疾病的预防工作

2. What can be inferred from the health experts?

D)【精析】由(2)可知，健康专家认为该疾病最终将会与疟疾和结核病一起在海地形成地方性疾病。

Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item.

(3)International Baccalaureate schools began decades ago as a way to teach the globe-trotting children of the international diplomatic corps.Now,IB schools welcome all kinds of children. The program combines what are considered to be the best teaching techniques, a rigorous curriculum stressing writing and analysis, and an international perspective.

The goal is to develop involved, articulate global citizens. Bloomfield Hills is a wealthy suburb of Detroit, Michigan. The school district here has set up an International Baccalaureate program at Lone Pine Elementary.At IB elementary schools ,subjects like math and reading are not taught separately.(4-1)Subject areas are integrated ,so lessons in “Mother Earth” class ,for example ,cover vocabulary,literature,history,and ecology.

The program also breaks down the proverbial classroom wall.(4-2)Teachers are required to compare notes and plan classes together.That’s the “best practice” that IB schools have adopted because it develops teachers’ skills.

3. What does this news item mainly deal with?

8)【精析】(3)提到了国际课程及其沿革，下文又以布隆菲尔德山地区的国际高中为例，对国际课程进行了具体叙述，由此可知新闻的主题是国际课程计划。 4. What can we know about the IB elementary schools?

D)【精析】由句(4-1)和句(4-2)可知，教师们要一起对比教案和进行课堂布置，即一起准备上课；各门科目被整合成整体进行教授，并不是相互分离的。 Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following news item.

Indonesia's Mount Merapi has erupted with its biggest explosion in more than a century, killing at least 70 more people, (5-1) burning down homes and blanketing the region in white ash. Authorities said Friday this latest in a series of eruptions over the last 11 days was the most ferocious yet.(5-2)750-degree (Celsius)gas flowed down the mountainside in a thunderous roar.The heat was so intense that clothes and blankets were fused to the injured as they fled for safety. (6) The death toll from the eruptions has now risen to about 120 and is expected to increase as rescuers pull bodies out of the ash and broken rocks.Volcano experts said the Friday blast was the biggest since the 1870s. (7)With the unpredictability of the volcano, authorities widened the danger zone around the mountain to 2o kilometers. 答案精析

5. Which of the following is probably the result of the eruption of Mount Merapi?

A)【精析】由句(5-1)和句(5-2)可知，印尼默拉皮火山爆发烧毁了房屋，使整个地区笼罩在白色的火山灰烬下，高达750℃的火山熔岩伴随雷鸣般的咆哮声从山顶倾流而下。 6. How many people have been killed by the disaster?

C)【精析】由(6)可知，死亡人数已经上升到了120人，预计随着救援工作的继续，伤亡人

数还将不断增加。

7. Why did Authorities widen the danger zone?

C)【精析】由句(7)可知，鉴于这一火山的不可预测性，印尼官员将\危险区域\扩大到方圆20公里。

Model Test Three Section A

Questions 1 and 2 w ill be based on the following news item.

(1-1) (2-1) The women' s marathon opens the final day of competition, but that 42.2-kilometer race, which begins and ends at the historic Brandenburg Gate, is only the beginning. (2-2) The women go for the gold in three other events, including the long jump, four-by-400-meter relay and 1 500 meters.

Anna Willard of the United States is one of three Americans to make the 400-meter finals and she told

VOA Sports about her plan for Sunday. (2-3) The men will also be busy Sunday with four gold medal events. They begin with the javelin throw, followed by the 1 500 and 800 meters. American Nick Symmonds won his 800-meter semifinal heat, despite having three runners in front of him trip and fall down. (1-2) The last event of the Championships will be the final of the men' s four-by-400-meter relay.

答案精析

1.What's the topic of this news item?

B）【精析】由句(1-1)和句(1 2)可知，新闻介绍了锦标赛最后一天的赛程。 2.How many gold medal events will take place in the last day? D)【精析】由句(2-1)、句(2-2)和句(2-3)可知，当天总共会进行男女各4项共8项比赛的决赛。 Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item.

A massive storm that dumped about a half-meter of snow from Virginia to Maine did more than frustrate motorists. (3) It added to the woes of retailers that were already bracing for weak holiday sales as the United States struggles to emerge from the deepest and longest recession of the post-world war II era.

(4) The storm's timing could hardly have been worse, blanketing the most-populous regions of the United States on the last weekend before Christmas, when millions of Americans are preparing to exchange gifts.

Even before the storm, the National Retail Federation was predicting a one percent drop in US holiday sales compared to last year. Although an economic recovery is believed to be underway, US unemployment remains stubbornly high and consumers appear more focused on saving and debt reduction than spending. 答案精析

3. What could be the result of the snow mentioned in the news item?

A)【精析】由(3)可知，这场大雪对美国的零售业来讲是个很大的打击，它影响了人们出行购物。

4. When did the snow drop according to the news item? B)【精析】由(4)可知·大雪是在圣诞节前一周降下的。

than three hundred people have been killed in Nairobi, the Rift valley and Mombasa. The violence has involved

fighting between police and protesters and between ethnic groups.

答案精析

1. What might be in danger because of the crisis in Kenya?

B)【精析】由(1)可知，肯尼亚的经济和民主可能会陷入危机。 2. How many people were killed in Nairobi in this crisis? B)【精析】由(2)可知，有300多人在内罗毕丧生。

Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item

Canada's government says it will proceed with plans to send military advisers to Sudan's Darfur region. (3-1) That comes despite Sudan saying it does not want Canadian troops to enter the country.

(4) Canadian Prime Minister Paul Martin's aid package for Darfur includes about 140 million dollars and up to 100 military experts to help the African Union peacekeeping force. (3-2) But Sudan hasn't been happy with the move. The government in Khartoum says it doesn't want non-African troops in Darfur and it complained that it had not been properly consulted by Ottawa. But Martin's office appears undeterred,

saying Canada needs only the approval of the African Union for the deployment of troops and it's up to the AU to get Sudan's approval. A spokesman for the Prime Minister says that means there was no change of plans. But some critics say Canada should do more. One MP says the plan should include 400 million

dollars and 500 soldiers. The 2-year civil war in Darfur has killed more than 300 thousand people and displaced more than 2 million. 答案精析

3. What's the Sudan's attitude toward Canada's plan?

B)【精析】根据句(3-1)和句(3-2)可知，苏丹政府的态度是does not want，即不太愿意接下来具体讲到加拿大的援助计划的时候，苏丹的态度又是hasn't been happy。由此可见，B)。不情愿的。比较符合其态度观点。

4. what's the Canadian aid package for Darfur?

C)【精析】根据旬(可知，加拿大总理对达尔福尔的援助包括1.4亿美元和100位军事专家。 Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following news item

(5-1) The United Nations climate talks in Doha, Qatar, continued into their second week, Wednesday,as delegates from nearly 200 countries struggle to craft a replacement for (6) the Kyoto Protocol. The global agreement on climate change that expires at the end of this month. (5-2) The negotiations are deadlocked over demands by poor nations for financial help in coping with climate change.

Two issues block the way forward. (7) Developing countries are demanding that industrialized nations fulfill their pledges under Ky. o[o protocol to reduce their climate-changing industrial emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, and to put new, larger emission curbs on the table. The developing nations are also insisting that rich nations Provide more aid to poorer countries to help them cope with the effects of climate change, including rising sea levels and more violent storms.

答案精析

5. What is the news item mainly talking about?

C)【精析】由句(5-1)和句(5-2)可知，新闻主要介绍了在卡塔尔的多哈举行的联合国气候会议陷入了僵局。

6. What do we know about the Kyoto protocol?

A)【精析】由句(6)可知，《京都议定书》是针对气候变化的一个全球性的协议、在这个月底到期。

7. Which of the following is claimed by developing countries?

B)【精析】由句(7)可知，发展中国家要求发达国家履行《京都议定书》的承诺，减少二氧化碳等温室气体的排放量，提出新的、更大规模的限排措施，更多地帮助发展中国家应对气候变化。

Model Test Eight

Section A

Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item.

The largest fire has burned about 500 square kilometers of the Angeles National Forest, north of Los Angeles. (1-1) Some 3 600 firefighters are attacking the flames in steep terrain, using bulldozers,tractors and hand tools. They are also setting backfires to clear away dry brush, and using helicopters and airplanes to drop water and fire retardant. (2 ) They got some help on Tuesday from slightly higher humidity as they worked to protect homes in hillside communities. Officials say they have carved out nearly 20 kilometers of fire lines to slow the advance of the flames.

(1-2) Firefighters are working to protect communication and scientific facilities on Mount Wilson.which overlooks downtown Los Angeles. The site is home to transmitters for most of the city's television stations,as well as some radio stations, several mobile phone companies and police communication systems.

答案精析

1. What is this news report mainly about?

B)【精析】由句(1-1)和句(1-2)可知，大约3 600名消防员正在与险峻地形上的火焰作斗争，消防员正在努力的保护威尔逊山上的通讯和科学设施，而威尔逊山俯瞰洛杉矶市区。由此可知新闻的主题是扑救洛杉矶附近发生的火灾。 2. What helped the firefighters as they worked?

C)【精析】由句(2)可知，星期二，天气帮忙，湿度比较高，消防官兵成功保护了山里的一个居民区。由此可知，高湿度带来了帮助。

Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item.

This week, a political dispute in Washington led to a partial shutdown of the United States government for the first time in almost 20 years. Agencies sent home more than 800 000 workers-about one-third of the federal work force, The new budget year began on Tuesday. October 1. But Republicans

in Congress blocked even short-term spending for many government operations. (3)They

demanded that Democrats change the Affordable care Act, the new health care law often called Obamacare. The Democrats refused.

The federal government and states started websites for millions of uninsured Americans to buy health plans or pay a tax penalty. (4) Opponents of Obamacare say it will force people and small businesses to buy insurance policies against their will. At the heart of the dispute is a clash between the two major political parties over the role of the central government in American life.

答案精析

3. What do we know about the Affordable Care Act?

A)【精析】由句(3)可知，Affordable Care Act《平价医疗法案》)是一部新卫生保健法，又被称作奥巴马医保。

4. Why do people object to Obamacare?

D)【精析】由句(4)可知，奥巴马医保政策的反对者称，该政策会迫使市民和小企业违背自己的意愿购买保险。

Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following news item

protests that began last month near Wall Street in New York have now spread to other American cities. The Occupy movement differs from the Tea Party movement. Tea Partiers blame big government for the country's economic problems.

(5)Occupiers blame big business. One young activist puts it this way. Occupy Wall Street protesters have camped in New York's financial district since the middle of September. (6) Police have made hundreds of arrests for blocking traffic. (7) On Wednesday members of labor unions and community groups joined the demonstrations.

Protesters say the wealthiest 1% of Americans control too much of the nation's wealth. The protesters say they represent the other 99%.

答案精析

5. What does the Occupy movement condemn?

C)【精析】根据句(5)可知, “占领华尔街”运动的参与者们谴责美网的大公司。 6. Why did the police arrest hundreds of protesters?

A)【精析】根据(6)可知，因为抗议者们阻塞了交通，所以警察逮捕了许多抗议者。 7. What do we know about the Occupy movement?

C)【精析】根据(7)可知,在星期三，工会和社团的成员加入到了游行当中。

Model Test Nine

Section A

( 1 ) Ford Motor reported record third-quarter net income Tuesday, far exceeding analysts’ expectations and continuing a surge in momentum for the recovering automaker. Dearborn, Mich.Based Ford posted net income of $ 1. 7 billion, or 43 cents per share, up from $997 million, or 29 cents a share,a year earlier, Analysts surveyed by Thomson Reuters expected Ford to report a 38-cent-a-shareprofit. Ford's previous best third-quarter net income was $ 1. 1 billion reported in

1997.

The automaker cited a strong product line, momentum in North America and continued success at Ford Credit as areas of growth.\America, and that offsets the small losses in Europe. The North American market is a real earnings driver.\

答案精析

1. What do we know about Ford Motor's report?

B)【精析) 根据句(1)可知，福特汽车第三季度的报告指出，其净收益在汽车制造业的复苏背景下继续保持激增的势头。

2. What can be inferred from David Whiston?

D)【精析】根据句(2)可知，David Whiston认为福特汽霹在北美的售价弥补了其在欧洲的损失,北美市场是真正的收益市场。

Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item.

(3) A French engineering firm has built what is being hailed as the world's most environmentally sound building, a structure that produces more energy than it consumes. The ten-story building is located in Dijon, and it is part of concerted effort to put the city on a sustainable energy path.

The Elithis tower is a striking sight in the heart of Dijon' s business district. Black, with a red metal skirt-which actually is a sun shield-it is sandwiched between the city's opera house and a hotel. But the tower is more than just another handsome landmark-from the ground floor to (4) its solar paneled roof, it is an experiment in a greener way of working and living.

Francois Pocheron, a senior manager for the Elithis engineering firm that designed the tower, takes visitors on a tour of the building. Just about every aspect of its design and construction is aimed at conserving energy and using natural elements like sunlight and rain.

答案精析

3. What is this news report mainly about?

C)【精析】根据句(3)可知，一家法国的工程公司建立了一个被誉为世界上最环保的建筑，它产生的能量要比消耗的多。结合下文对这座建筑物的介绍可知，新闻的主题是法国的一座节能大厦。

4. What is the roof of the Elithis tower made of?

B)【精析】根据句(4)可知，其屋顶是由太阳能电池板制成的。 Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following news item.

An unmanned Russian rocket successfully lifted of f with a cargo of supplies for the crew of the International Space Station on Sunday, two months after a similar rocket crashed in Siberia. (5) (6) The Progress 45 freighter is slated to dock with the station on Wednesday with three tons of food, fuel, water and spare parts the US, Russian and Japanese crew of the station. (7) The vessel took off from Russia's Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan at 4:11 pm. (6:11 a. m. Eastern Time)and reached its preliminary orbit in nine minutes : the US space agency NASA said. 答案精析

5. what is the name of the unmanned Russian rocket?

D)【精析】根据句(5)可知，该运载飞船的名字是The Progress 45。

6.When is the freighter supposed to reach the International Space Station? D)【精析】根据句(6)可知，演运载飞船预计周三与国际空网站对接。 7.When did the vessel reach its preliminary orbit?

C)【精析】根据句(7)可知，飞船下午4：11起飞。九分钟到达顶定轨道，两个时间相加便可得出答案。

Model Test Ten Section A

Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item.

(1-1 ) The New Year in South Africa brings thousands of residents to the streets for a colorful minstrel parade. Brightly-costumed marching choral groups celebrate a unique aspect of South Africa's multiracial history.

(1-2) Cape Town's musical New Year's tradition dates back more than a century, (2) to the days when Dutch colonists brought slaves here from Southeast Asia. The slaves served as dockworkers, farm laborers and household servants. And, they were given one day off per year. Ethnomusicologist (种族音乐学家) Sylvia Bruinders at the University of Cape Town says the slaves took to the streets. The slaves copied European and American minstrels who visited the Cape. Eventually, a distinctive South African sound developed.

Today the minstrels are a holiday tradition among Cape Town's mixed-race or\of whom are descendants (后代) of slaves. A downtown parade involves thousands of participants.Dozens of minstrel troupes practice throughout the year.

答案精析

1. What is this news report mainly about?

B)【精析】根据句(1-1)和句(1-2)可知，在南非，新年时成千上万的民众到街上进行多姿多彩的音乐游行，开普敦市的新年音乐游行传统可追溯至一个多世纪以前。由此可知新闻报道的主题是南非的新年音乐游行传统。

2. who brought the Southeast Asia slaves to Cape town?

C)【精析】根据句(2)可知，一个多世纪以前，是荷兰殖民者将奴隶从东南亚带到开普敦。 Question 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item.

Ben Bernanke is the head of the Federal Reserve, (3 ) the agency which oversees all US banks,ensuring the money supply is stable. His term as chairman ends in January. Yesterday, the President announced his pick to take Bernanke's place. The pick is the current vice chairman, Janet Yellen. She has support, but some critics are worried that she'll follow the same policies as Ben Bernanke. It's the US Senate's job to decide whether to confirm the President's nominee. If the Senate does confirm her, this nominee would make history.

Yellen has degrees from Brown and Yale, taught at Harvard, and got tenure at Berkeley. Her son is an economist. Her husband has a Nobel Prize in Economic Theory. (4) The 67-year-old has been on the Fed for more than a decade. She's been a leader for women in her field.

答案精析

3, What is the Federal Reserve in the US responsible for?

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