七年级英语上新目标Unit1--12单元重点及语法总复习

初中七年级上语法总复习 一． Be 动词（am, is, are）的用法

口诀：I 用am , you 用are ,is 连着他（he）她（she）它（it）。单数统统用is，复数一律都用are. 变疑问，往前提，句末问好莫丢弃，变否定，更容易，be 后not莫忘记，疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。 注意：be 动词通常会和其他词连写在一起，如：I’m , what’s ,name’s, they’re等。I ________ a student. The cat________ black. You ________ Janpanese. This book________ very interesting. He _______ my brother. Lilei and I __________ good friends. She_______ very nice. These ________ apples. My name ________Harry. Those_________ bananas. I _______ 10 years old. They _________students. Lilei _________ very tall. ________ she from China? Mary, this _________ Tom. ________ you good at English? Miss Zhou ________ my teacher. The books ________ on the desk. What_____ this?

I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not. The girl______ Jack's sister. Here ______ some sweaters for you. The dog _______ tall and fat. The black pants ______ for Su Yang. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher. This pair of boots ______ for Yang Ling. ______ your brother in the classroom? There some milk for me. Where _____ your mother? Some tea ______ in the glass. She ______ at home. Gao shan's shirt _______ over there. How _______ your father. My sister's name ______Nancy. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school. This ______ not Wang Fang's pencil. Whose dress ______ this? ______ David and Helen from England? Whose socks ______ they? There ______ a girl in the room. That ______ my red skirt. There ______ some apples on the tree. Who ______ I? _______ there any kites in the classroom? The jeans ______ on the desk. _______ there any apple juice in the bottle? Here ______many oranges for you. There _______ some bread on the plate. There _______ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park. You, he and I ______ from China. My telephone number________8563-0770.

二.人称代词与物主代词 人称 第一人第二人称 称 单 数 单 数 I 我 me 我 my you 你 you 你 your 第三人称单数 第一人称 复 数 we 我们 our 我们 ours 第二人称 复 数 you 你们 you 你们 your 第三人称 复 数 主格 宾格 形容词性物主代 词 he 他 him 他 his she 她 her 她 her it 它 it 它 its they 他（她、它）们 them 他（她、它）们 their 我的 你的 他的 她的 它我们的 你们的 他（她、它）的 们的 1. 通常情况下，人称代词的主格在句子中作主语。

2. 通常情况下，称代词的宾格在句子中作宾语或介词宾语。

3. 形容词性的物主代词属于限定词，后面要跟它所限定的名词。

4. 通常情况下，人称代词主格会与跟在它后面的be动词缩写。如：I am=I’m you are=you’re He is=he’s she is=she’s it is =it’s we are=we’re they are=they’re 一 根据句子前后内容，写出正确的代词。 Li lei is from China.___________ is Chinese. My name is Gina._________ am a student. This is Tom.________ is in Grade Two.

His name is Tony.___________ telephone number is 856-0770. She is a student.________name is Julia. 二.用所给词的适当形式填空

1. That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big. ( I ) 2. The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she ) 3. Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it’s not _________ . ( I )

4. _________ is my brother. _________ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _________. ( he ) 5. _________ dresses are red. (we) What colour are _________? ( you ) 6. Here are many dolls, which one is _________ ? ( she ) 7. I can find my toy, but where’s _________? ( you ) 8. Show _________ your kite, OK? (they)

9. I have a beautiful cat. _________name is Mimi. These cakes are _________. ( it )

10. Are these _________ tickets? No, _________ are not _________. _________ aren’t here. ( they ) 11. Shall _________ have a look at that classroom? That is _________ classroom. ( we ) 12. _________ is my aunt. Do you know _________ job? _________ a nurse. ( she ) 13. That is not _________ camera. _________is at home. ( he )

14. Where are _________? I can’t find _________. Let’s call _________ parents. ( they ) 15. Don’t touch _________. _________ not a cat, _________ a tiger! 16. _________ sister is ill. Please go and get _________. ( she )

17. _________ don’t know her name. Would you please tell _________. ( we ) 18. So many dogs. Let’s count _________. ( they )

19. I have a lovely brother. _________ is only 3. I like _________ very much. ( he ) 20. May I sit beside _________? ( you )

21. Look at that desk. Those book are on _________. ( it ） 22.The girl behind _________ is our friend. (she )

三． 指示代词this ,that, these, those.

These 是this 的复数形式，指时间、距离较近的或下面要提到的人或事。Those 是that的复数形式，指时间、距离较远或者前面已经提到的人或事。如：

This is my room. That is Lucy’s room. These are his brothers. Those are he books.

四．冠词的用法

冠词分为不定冠词（a ,an）、定冠词（the）和零冠词（不用冠词的情况）三种。

不定冠词a（an）与数词 one 同源，是―一个‖的意思。a 用于辅音音素前，而 an 则用于元音音素前。 不定冠词a、an的用法：

1. 用于可数名词的单数形式前，表示\一\

There is a tiger in the zoo.动物园里有一只老虎。 2. 表示一类人和东西

A tiger can be dangerous.老虎可能有危害性。 3. 表示\某一个\的意思

A gentleman wants to see you.有一位先生要见你。 4. 表示\同一\的意思

They are nearly of an age.他们几乎同岁。

The two shirts are much of a size.这两件衬衫大小差不多。 5. 表示\每一\的意思

We go swimming four times a week. 我们每周去游泳四次。 6. 用在单数可数名词前，表示身份、职业 My mother is a teacher.我妈妈是教师。

7. 第一次提到的人或事物，但不特别指明是哪一个

Long long ago there was an old king who had a very beautiful daughter. 很久很久以前，有一个年老的国王，他有一个非常美丽的女儿。 8. 在such a，quite a句式中

He is quite a good actor.他是一个相当好的演员。 Don't be in such a hurry. 不要如此匆忙。 9. 在感叹句 what...的句式中

What a pretty girl she is!她是一个多么漂亮的女孩呀！ 用在某些表示数量的词组中：

a lot of 许多 a couple of 一对 a great many 很多 a dozen 一打（但也可以用 one dozen） a great deal of 大量 定冠词the的用法：

巧计定冠词the用法歌诀：

特指双方熟悉，上文已经提起。 世上独一无二，方位名词乐器。 某些专有名词，还有复数姓氏。 序数词最高级，习惯用语要牢记。

1. 用以特指某（些）人或某（些）事物

This is the house where Luxun once lived.这是鲁迅曾经住过的房子。 2. 用于指谈话双方都明确所指的人或事物 Open the door, please.请把门打开。

3. 用以复述上文提过的人或事物（第一次提到用―a或an‖，以后再次提到用―the‖） I have a black pen. This is the pen. 4. 用在序数词和形容词最高级前

January is the first month of the year.一月份是一年当中的第一个月。 Shanghai is the biggest city in China.上海是中国最大的城市。 5. 表示宇宙中世界上独一无二的事物

the sun 太阳 the moon 月亮 the earth 地球 the sky 天空 the world 世界 6. 指由普通名词构成的专有名词

the West Lake 西湖 the Great Wall 长城

the United States 美国 the United Nations 联合国 7. 表示方向、方位

in the east 在东方 in the west 在西方 in the front 在前面 at the back 在后面 in the bottom 在底部 at the top 在顶部 on the right 在右边 on the left 在左边

8. 在海洋、江河、湖泊、山脉、海峡、海湾等地理名词前 the Pacific Ocean 太平洋 the Huanghe River 黄河

the Tianshan Mountains 天山山脉 the Taiwan Straits 台湾海峡 9. 在姓氏复数前，表示一家人

The Bakers came to see me yesterday.贝克一家人昨天来看我。 10. 和某些形容词连用，使形容词名词化，代表一类人或物 the poor 穷人 the rich 富人 the sick 病人 the wounded 伤员

the good 好人 the beautiful 美丽的事物 11. 用在表示阶级、政党的名词前 the working class 工人阶级

the Chinese Communist Party 中国共产党 12. 用在the very强调句中

This is the very book I want.这就是我想要的那本书。 13. 在the more, the more比较级的句式中

The more you drink, the more you like it.你越喝就越爱喝。 14. 表示演奏乐器时，乐器的前面要加the

play the piano 弹钢琴play the violin 拉小提琴 *中国乐器名词前不与冠词连用:play erhu(二胡)] the+n{发明物} 必须是单数 who invented the telephone? 15. 某些固定的表达法

in the morning 在早上 in the afternoon 在下午 in the evening 在晚上 go to the cinema 去看电影 go to the theatre 去看戏 all the year round 一年到头 on the way to 前往...去的路上

16. the加单数可数名词可以表示一类人或事物

The horse is a useful animal. 马是一种有用的动物。 17.用在世纪或逢时{1990}的复数名词前

in the18th century 在18世纪 in the 1960s 在20世纪60年代 18 多与民族 国籍的形容词连用

The chinese are brave hard-working people 中国人是勤劳和勇敢的人 19. 用于报刊 杂志 会议 条义 历史 时期 朝代的名词前

the Xian incident 西安事变 零冠词的用法：

1. 专有名词前一般不加冠词

China 中国 Europe 欧洲Lei Feng 雷锋 William Shakespeare 威廉·莎士比亚 2. 月份、星期、节日前一般不加冠词

January 一月份 Sunday 星期日Christmas Day 圣诞节 Thanksgiving 感恩节 National Day 国庆节 May Day 劳动节 注:民族节日前要加the 如:the Spring Festival 3. 三餐、四季前一般不加冠词

I have lunch at school.我在学校吃午餐。

Summer is the best season for swimming.夏天是游泳的好季节。 比较： I had a big lunch yesterday.

昨天我吃了一顿丰盛的午餐。（表示某一个）

比较： I will never forget the summer we spent in Hawaii.

我永远不会忘记我们一起在夏威夷度过的那个夏天。（表示特指）

4. 进行球类运动 play basketball 打篮球 play volleyball 打排球play football 踢足球 5.by+交通工具 by bus 乘公交车 by bike骑自行车

6. 没有特指的物质名词

This cart is made of wood.这辆手推车是用木头作的。

比较： The wood outside was all wet. 外面的那些木头都湿了。（表示特指） 7. 没有特指的不可数抽象名词 Time is precious.时间是宝贵的。 8. 没有特指的可数名词复数形式后。 I like tomatoes.我喜欢西红柿。 9. 山峰 Mount Qomolangma 珠穆朗玛峰 10. 泛指人类Man is mortal.人必有一死。

11. 指职位、头衔称呼的词，如king，captain，president，chairman 等。 He is (the) captain of the team.他是球队的队长。 This is Mr. Li. 12. 固定词组

go to school 去上学 go to bed 上床睡觉go by train 乘火车去 go by boat 乘船去 at table 在用餐 in hospital 住院at school 求学 in school 求学

at noon 在中午 at night 在晚上at midnight 在半夜 in town 在城里 exercise：在下列句中空白处填入适当冠词，不需用冠词处划/。 1.What’s this? It’s ________ clock.

2.What’s that? It’s________alarm clock. 3.What is it? It’s _____ ―w‖.

4.What color is your coat? It’s _______orange. It’s _______orange coat. 5.Jim’s mother is_______Mrs.Green. She is _________ teacher. 6.Those pens are in ________ pencil-case. 7.Here’s ________ interesting family photo.

8.When does Lily go to ______ bed in __________evening? 9._______ ―h‖,______ ―o‖and _______―w‖ in the word ―how‖. 10.This is _________my English book.

11.Where is ________bag? It’s under_______table. 12.I often go to _______school at _______7:00. 13.Take_______ cup to______your mother. 14.They like playing ______ football. 15.My favorite subject is________P.E. .

16.Do you have_______pingpong bat? Yes, I do.

17.Do you want to see _________ action movie? No, I want to play_______chess. 18.When is his sister’s birthday? It’s_________April _______ eleventh. 19.Does Bill like__________hamburgers? No ,he doesn’t. 20.A：Let’s play soccer. B:I don’t have_______soccer ball. A:Well,let’s play _________drums. B:That sounds good. 21.Do you have Art Festival at your school? Yes, we do. 22.How much are ________ two hats? They are 10 dollars.

23.Rich often goes to see _______Beijing Opera on_______weekends. 24.Can Tom play_________piano? Yes, he can. Can he play _______it well? No, he can’t.

25.When do people usually eat _______breakfast? They usually have________it in ______morning. 26.Please listen to ________teacher carefully.

五．名词及名词的所有格 名词：

表示人、事物或抽象概念的名称的词 （一）名词的分类

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