人教版必修一第四单元Book 1 Unit 4

Ⅰ.重点单词识记

1．burst /b??st/ vi.爆裂；爆发；n.突然破裂；爆发 2．destroy /dI′str?I/ vt.破坏，毁坏；消灭 3．rescue /′reskju?/ n．& vt.援救；营救 4．trap /tr?p/ vt.使陷入困境；n.陷阱；困境 5．event /I′vent/ n．大事；事件

6．ruin /′ru?In/ n．废墟；毁灭；vt.使破产；毁灭 7．extreme /Ik′stri?m/ adj.极度的 8．bury /′beri/ vt.埋葬，掩埋；隐藏 9．shelter /′?elt?/ n．掩蔽；避身处 10．sincerely /sIn′sI?lI/ adv.真诚地，真挚地

11．express /Ik′spres/ vt.表达；表示；n.快车；速递→expression n．表达；表情 12．injure /′Ind??/ vt.损害；伤害→injury n．伤害；损害→injured adj.受伤的

13．electricity /I?lek′trIs?ti/ n．电；电流；电学→electric adj.用电的；带电的→electrical adj.与电有关的；电学的

14．frighten /′fraItn/ vt.使惊吓，吓唬→frightened adj.受惊吓的；受恐吓的→frightening adj.令人惊恐的

15．congratulation /k?n?ɡr?t??′leI?n/ n．祝贺；(复数)贺词→congratulate vt.祝贺 16．judge /d??d?/ n．裁判员；法官；vt.断定；判决→judgement n．裁判；判决 Ⅱ.重点短语识记 1．right away立刻，马上 2．think little of不重视 3．as if好像，仿佛 4．at an end结束，终结 5．in ruins严重受损，破败不堪

6．a (great) number of许多，大量的 7．dig out掘出；发现

8．be proud of/take pride in因??而自豪 Ⅲ.经典原句默写与背诵

1．In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. 农家大院里的鸡，甚至猪都太紧张了以致于不吃东西了。 2．It seemed as if the world was at an end! 仿佛到了世界末日！

3．Thousands of families were killed and many children were left without parents. 成千上万个家庭遇难，许多孩子变成了孤儿。 4．All hope was not lost. 不是所有的希望都破灭了。

5．The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 部队人员组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。

1．In the judgement(judge)，it was wrong to give children so much pocket money. 2．We could tell from his expression(express) that he was very upset. 3．On seeing the frightening scene，the little girl was so frightened that she burst out crying.(frighten)

4．On arriving there，we expressed our congratulations(congratulate) to him on his success. 5．We refuse to sign any treaty that is against our national(nation) interests. 6．He works in a big factory as an electrical(electricity) engineer. 7．It was an extremely(extreme) difficult and dangerous task. 8．It is reported(reporter) that the accident occurred on the first Sunday in February.

1rise v.升起；上涨；提高；n.上升 rise to one’s feet站起来 on the rise在上涨；在增长 give rise to引起；导致

Spray rose up from the surface of the water.

水面溅起水花。

He will get a pay rise of nearly ￡4,000. 他的工资将会上涨将近4 000英镑。 图解助记

夯实基础

(1)用rise短语的适当形式填空

①Delays could give rise to further problems. ②Serious crime is once again on the rise. ③Pushing back her chair she rose to her feet. (2)用rise的短语替换下列划线部分

The number of the unemployed is rising owing to the financial crisis.on the rise 2 burst v．爆裂(to break apart)；胀开(to break open)；冲；突然出现(appear suddenly)；n.突发；爆破；爆裂 burst ?break? into＋n. 突然爆发；闯入 burst ?break? out doing...突然开始做?? burst in突然冲入 burst forth迸发

Hearing this，the whole class burst into laughter and my deskmate’s face turned red. 听到这，全班同学大笑起来，我同桌的脸变红了。 I don’t know what in the novel made him burst into tears. 我不知道是小说中的什么东西使他突然泪如泉涌。

(2012·湖北·完成句子)

(2013·湖北·短文写作)

Last night the room was burst into but nothing was taken away. 昨晚有人闯入房间但没有带走任何东西。 图解助记

夯实基础 同义句改写

(1)Hearing the news，John burst into tears.(用burst out改写句子) Hearing the news，John burst out crying. (2)As soon as she saw her mother，she burst into tears.(改为现在分词短语作状语)

She saw her mother，bursting into tears. 3ruin v.毁坏；使破产；n.毁坏；破产；废墟 in ruins毁坏；成为废墟 fall/come into ruin逐渐破碎

bring...to ruin使??失败；使??毁坏 Heavy smoking ruined his health. 过度吸烟损害了他的健康。

The bad weather had ruined all my pleasure for the holiday. 糟糕的天气毁掉了我度假的好心情。 夯实基础

(1)用ruin的适当形式填空

①Years of fighting has left Iraq ruined.

②It rained for two weeks on end，completely ruining our holiday.

③This country was once proud of its education system.Now it seems to be in ruins. (2)同义句改写

His broken leg means ruining all his hopes of becoming a famous athlete.(用名词ruin改写) His broken leg means the ruin of all his hopes of becoming a famous athlete. 4rescue v.营救；拯救；n.营救；救援 rescue sb./sth.from sth.从??中营救?? go/come to one’s rescue去/来救某人 rescuer n.救援人员

We were about to close down the business，but the bank went/came to our rescue with a huge loan.

我们几乎要停业，但银行借给了一大笔钱救了我们。 Rescuers searched the rubble for survivors. 救援人员在瓦砾中搜寻幸存者。 夯实基础

用rescue的适当形式填空

(1)We are informed that more firefighters will be sent there to rescue the victims. (2)All the visitors were rescued from the burning hotel；the two injured were saved by doctors from a nearby hospital.

5trap n.夹子；陷阱；困境；圈套；v.把??困在，使陷于；使落网

set/lay a trap for为??设下圈套

be caught in a trap＝fall into a trap落入陷阱 be trapped in 被困在??；使陷入??困境 trap sb.into doing...诱骗某人做??

She had set/laid a trap for him and he had walked straight into it. 她给他设下圈套，他就径直钻了进去。

She was trapped in the burning house at that moment. 那时她被困在燃烧着的房子里。 夯实基础

(1)He was caught in a trap of(陷入) poverty.

(2)Were you just trying to trap her into making(诱骗她做出) a mistaken decision? (3)The police set a trap(设圈套) to catch the thieves.

6bury v.埋葬；埋藏；使陷入；沉浸；覆盖?cover?；掩藏?hide? bury sth.in...把??埋在?? bury oneself in埋头于，专心于 be buried in专心于

The paper was buried under a pile of books. 那份文件被埋在书堆下。 She sat there，buried in thought. 她坐在那儿，陷入了沉思。 夯实基础

(1)用bury的适当形式填空

①He walked slowly，his hand buried in his pocket.

②The girl was sitting on the bench in the park，burying her head in the book in her hands. ③They think she was buried in the desert，along with a few others. (2)同义句改写

I was buried in the newspaper and I didn’t notice what was happening.(用过去分词短语作状语改写句子)

Buried in the newspaper，I didn’t notice what was happening. 7congratulation n.祝贺；?复数?贺词

congratulations ?to sb.? on sth.就???向某人?祝贺 Congratulations！祝贺你！?口语? congratulate vt.祝贺，向??道喜 congratulate sb.on sth.为某事向某人祝贺

3．He kept working as if nothing had happened(仿佛什么都没有发生似的)． 4．All my friends do not(我的朋友并不每个都) study well.

5．The global economy downturn has brought many small companies to ruin(已经使许多小公司破产)．

1 In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.在农场里，鸡甚至猪都紧张得不吃食。 句型公式：too...to... ?1?too...to...太??而不能??

?2?too...to...与not或never连用时，意为“无论??也不过分，越??越好”。,cannot be too...再??也不过分

?3?only/just/but too...to...非常??去做?too前的only，just，but不仅没有否定意义，反而加重了too的肯定语气?

?4?too ready/easy/eager/willing/anxious/happy...to...句型表示肯定，作“过于、太会??”解。

?5?too...not to...表示肯定，含义是“非常??必定能；太??不会不??”。 That’s the new machine whose parts are too small to be seen. 那就是那台零部件小得几乎看不见的新机器。 I’ll be only too pleased to be able to do the job for you. 我能为您效劳，真是十分高兴。 夯实基础 (1)完成句子

①Lily had to call a taxi because the box was much too heavy to carry all the way home. 莉莉不得不叫出租车，因为箱子太沉她拿不回家。 ②You can’t/can never be too careful in the street. 你在街上走，越小心越好。 (2)翻译句子

①Mary is too wise not to know it. 玛丽很聪明，不会不懂的。 ②One is never too old to learn. 活到老学到老。

2All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。 句型公式：部分否定

all...not＝not all...部分否定，也称半否定

具有总括意义的代词?each，everybody，everything，all，both等?、形容词?complete，whole等?和副词?completely，always，wholly，altogether等?与否定词not连用，构成部分否定，表示“不都；并非都”的意思。而no，none，never，nobody，neither，nothing，no more，no longer等表示否定意义的词与谓语一起使用构成了全部否定。 All my friends do not study well.＝Not all my friends study well. 我的朋友并不是个个都学习好。 Everything is not right.并非什么都好。 夯实基础

把下列半否定的句子改为全否定 (1)Not everything she did pleased him. Nothing she did pleased him. (2)Both of them are not my brothers. Neither of them is my brother. (3)I do not remember all the formulas. I remember none of the formulas. (4)She is not always excited. She is never excited.

用定语从句的引导词完成句子

(1)A plane is a machine that/which can fly. (2)The noodles that/which I had were delicious. (3)Mr.Read is the professor to whom you should write. (4)This is the boy whose composition the teacher talked of. (5)The boss in whose company my father worked is a very kind person.

Ⅰ.教材活用——根据课文内容完成下面的短文

Several days before July 28,1976，many strange things happened in Tangshan.The water in the village wells rose 1.and fell.The water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.2.They were signs for the earthquake.But people in the city didn’t think much 3.of these.At 3∶42 am that day，the earth began to shake，4.which destroyed the city.Many people,5.including (include) workers and doctors，came to rescue those 6.trapped(trap) under the ruins.7.Later(late) that afternoon，another big quake struck Tangshan.More people 8.were killed(kill) or injured and

9.more(many) buildings fell down.Soldiers were called in to help the rescue workers.Teams were organized to dig out 10.the trapped and to bury the dead. Ⅱ.课外拓展——阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式

A：Hi.You look excited.What’s 1.happening(happen)? B：It is said that a 2.singing(sing) contest will be held in our school soon.And I think 3.it a good chance to exercise my singing talents. A：By the way，are they 4.giving(give) prizes? B：A pocket radio will be given 5.as a reward to the first prize winner. A：6.Are you going to take part in it? B：Sure.It’ll 7.turn out fine if I practice a lot. A：Really？But I don’t think you’ve 8.practised(practise) enough. B：I’m going to.I bet I can get the first prize.

A：Don’t be so sure.I think you need to have 9.a music teacher to help you. B：I don’t think it necessary.People say I have a good 10.voice.

Ⅰ.阅读理解

One afternoon，as I was driving back home，I stopped at a busy intersection as the traffic light turned red.I waited patiently for the light to turn green，so that I could continue my journey.

Suddenly，out of nowhere，an old woman appeared and started asking for money.That day，I had unknowingly switched off the air conditioner in the car and my window was down.The old woman was standing very close to my car.As she begged for alms(施舍物)，I closely observed her weather-beaten face，which had lots of wrinkles on it.Her eyes showed lots of sadness and her whole body was shaking.I sensed that this elderly lady had seen some incredibly hard times in her life and at this time there was no one to look after her，which forced her to beg on the streets.

Seeing her condition，I immediately felt from within my being a huge surge(汹涌) of sympathy for her. It was coming deep from within my heart.I normally give loose change to beggars，however，that day my inner self strongly urged me that I give her something substantial(大量的) so that she could have a decent meal.

Without any hesitation I took out a substantial amount from my wallet and placed it in her hand.Her weather-beaten face lit up with a toothless smile and she blessed me and went on her way.In the meantime the traffic light had turned green，and it was time to move on.

As I drove back home I felt within myself a sense of joy and happiness surging through me

because I was able to do something for at least one person on this planet.It was an incident that both the old lady and I would remember for a long time.Her blessings will also be one of the most treasured memories in my life.I often drive past that intersection，however，I have never seen that old woman again.

1．Why did the old woman come to the author for alms instead of begging others? A．She guessed he was kind. B．She found his window was down. C．She knew he had ever helped many others. D．She was sure she could get much money from him. 答案 B

解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“That day，I had unknowingly switched off the air conditioner in the car and my window was down.”可知，老人应该是看到作者的窗子没有关，感觉有可能得到施舍，才向作者走去。

2．The author learned about the old woman’s situation . A．by asking her relative B．by talking with her

C．from her dressing and behaviour D．from her appearance and her eyes 答案 D

解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第四、五句“...I closely observed her weather-beaten face，which had lots of wrinkles on it.Her eyes showed lots of sadness and her whole body was shaking.”可知答案为D项。

3．How did the old woman react to the author’s behaviour? A．She was moved to tears. B．She refused his money. C．She smiled and blessed him. D．She felt surprised and asked him why. 答案 C

解析 细节理解题。由第四段第二句“Her weather-beaten face lit up with a toothless smile and she blessed me and went on her way.”可知答案为C项。 4．It can be learned from the text that . A．the author dealt with the old woman in the usual way B．the author usually gives others much money like this time C．what the author experienced at the traffic light lasted a few minutes

D．it took many efforts and much time for the author to make the final decision 答案 C

解析 推理判断题。文章描述的事情发生在作者等红灯的时间内，说明作者从判断老人的情况到作出决定——多给她一些钱，只用了很短的时间。 文章中的2个阅读障碍句分析

1．As she begged for alms(施舍物)，I closely observed her weather-beaten face，which had lots of wrinkles on it.(Paragraph 2)

句式分析：该句中as引导了一个时间状语从句，which引导了一个非限制性定语从句。 自主翻译：当她向我乞求施舍物的时候，我近距离地看到了她那饱经沧桑的脸，上面有很多皱纹。

2．As I drove back home I felt within myself a sense of joy and happiness surging through me because I was able to do something for at least one person on this planet.(Paragraph 5) 句式分析：在该句中as引导一个时间状语从句，because引导一个原因状语从句。 自主翻译：当我开车回家的时候，我感到内心涌起一种快乐幸福的感觉，因为我至少能够为这个星球上的某个人做了点事情。 Ⅱ.完形填空

I have four daughters，one son，and twelve grandchildren.When we have get-togethers，there are twenty-four of us around the table—all 1 .A wonderful family.But our family has had some 2 times.

My wife had cancer and had a breast removed.The 3 time was when I was in Korea.One day I 4 a call.It was from an American and the caller said，“Dr. Schuller，your daughter Carol has been in a terrible 5 .” Carol was thirteen at that time.

She went for a ride as a 6 on a motorcycle.Her driver went faster and faster.All of a sudden he 7 an oncoming car，and Carol was thrown through the air seventy-five feet.She was bleeding 8 and screaming in pain.

The doctor came，but couldn’t give her 9 for her pain.She endured(忍耐) the pain as she was 10 to hospital.The doctor 11 to save her life.She had blood transfusions(输血)．Now，that is getting pretty 12 to losing her life.The doctor called me in Korea and said，“We are going to have to cut off her leg.” The 13 cut through me like a knife！My wife and I 14 the first flight home to America.

On the way 15 ，I could tell I was going to cry.I went to the toilet and closed the door.I started to 16 loud.It hurt me so badly to know when I got home my daughter would have only one leg.Then a(n) 17 went through my mind：it’s not so bad；she 18 has one leg，two arms，her face，two eyes—she’s 19 ！Look at what she has left，instead of what

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