大桥外语新概念I-随堂笔记119-120

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大桥外语新概念I—随堂笔记

Lesson119-120

New words and expressions生词和短语

1.动词

(1) happen v. ①发生②碰巧

例如:What happened next?

The accident happened yesterday.

固定搭配 happen to sb. 发生在……身上 happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事

例如:Did you hear what happened to David last night?

I happened to see Peter on the way to the bookstore yesterday.

(2)enter v. 进入

例如:She entered the room quietly.

2.名词

(1) torch n. ①手电筒 ②火炬

例如:He used a torch to see into the dark cupboard.

(2)voice n.声音 【u】

例如: They called Ann’s name in a weak voice.

固定搭配 lose one’s voice 嗓子变哑 drop/lower one’s voice 放低声音

例如:I’ve lost my voice because of a bad cold.

(3)thief n.贼 pl. thieves

例如:A thief stole all my money.

(4)story n. 故事 pl. stories

例如:She often tells stories to us.

扩展 a ghost story 鬼故事 as the story goes 据说

3.形容词

(1) dark adj. ①黑暗的 ②深色的,暗色的③阴暗的,忧郁的 n.黄昏,傍晚;黑夜

例如:It’s too dark to read.

It was getting dark ,so we hurried home.

dark blue 深蓝色 dark green 深绿色

例如:The future looked dark in those days.

before dark 天黑以前 at dark 天黑时 in the dark 在暗处

Difficulties辨析

1. It happened to a friend of mine a year ago.

a year ago 是一般过去时的时间标志词。

... happen to sb. , (某事) 发生在某人的身上.

例如:What happened to you yesterday? 你昨天出什么事了?

a friend of mine,我的朋友之一。

相当于one of my friends,但前者比后者显得更为亲切。

2.After they had entered the house, they went into the dining room. 他们进到屋里后,走进了饭厅。 After they had entered the house 是时间状语从句,had entered 是过去完成时结构。在以after引导的时间状语从句中,用一般过去时或过去完成时没有多少差别。假如强调从句的谓语动作在主句的谓语动作之前完成,就用过去完成时。

3.It was very dark ,so they turned on a torch. 饭厅里很暗,于是他们打开了手电筒。

turn on, 打开,拧开(电视、水源、煤气等)。

其反义词为 turn off(关上)。

so连接的并列句。It was dark 表示原因,they turned on a torch 表示结果。

5. as quickly as they could 是状语,修饰 run away 。

第一个as是副词,修饰quickly,第二个as是连词,引导比较状语从句。could 后省略了run,意思是“能跑多快就跑多快”。

例如:He worked as hard as he could. 他工作十分努力。(能多努力就多努力)

6. Suddenly, they heard a voice behind them. 突然他们听到身后有声音。

此句为一般过去时。suddenly 作时间状语;介词短语behind them 作方位状语。

voice 是指嗓音,说话的声音,由声带振动发出的声音。

扩展:sound 表示“声音”,含义最广泛,指任何可以听得到的声音,用来指一切声响:

例如:I can’t bear the sound.

noise 指“嗓音,喧声”,常指不悦耳不和谐的嘈杂声。

如:Another kind of pollutions is noise.

7. ‘What’s up? What’s up? ’someone called. “什么事?什么事?”有人叫着。

What’s up?干什么?/有什么事?此句常用来询问发生了什么事。也可以用What’s the matter?

或者What’s wrong?来表示。

Grammar语法

过去完成时 定义:过去完成时(past perfect)表示在发生在过去的两个动作在前的那一个,它表示句子中描述的动作发生在“过去的过去”。

构成: had +过去分词。

①肯定句:主语+had+过去分词.

②否定句:主语+had+not+过去分词.

③一般疑问句:Had+主语+过去分词?

肯定回答:Yes,主语+had.

否定回答:No,主语+had not .

④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句(Had+主语+过去分词)?

基本用法:

过去完成时主要用于表示两个事件中一个发生在前,或者说是表示较早的过去。常与现在完成时连用的副词,如 already(已经), ever(曾经),for +表示时间段的词,just(刚刚)和never(从未)也常与过去完成时连用,以强调事件发生的先后次序。有时我们不一定非得用过去完成时表示先发生的事件,因为意思十分清楚 例如:After I finished ,I went home.

She went on holiday after she had taken the exam.

I ran to the platform quickly, but the train had already left.

We had had dinner before they arrived.

The patient had died when the doctor arrived.

A proverb Easier said than done.

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