宋代文人园林造景手法及对现代园林造景的启示研究

全日制硕士专业学位（毕业）论文

宋代文人园林造景手法及 对现代园林造景的启示研究

学位申请人：蒋 磊

指导教师：聂庆娟 副教授 学位名称：风景园林硕士 研究领域：园林规划设计 授予单位：河北农业大学 答辩日期：二〇一四年 日

分类号： TU986.2 单位代码： 10086 密 级： 公开 学 号： 2012700

宋代文人园林造景手法及 对现代园林造景的启示研究

The Song Dynasty literati garden landscape and its research of the enlightenment to modern landscape

gardening

学位申请人：蒋 磊

指导教师：聂庆娟 副教授 学位名称：风景园林硕士 研究领域：园林规划设计 授予单位：河北农业大学

答辩日期：二〇一四年五月二十七日

摘 要

步入经济高速发展的21世纪，全球经济呈现一体化和区域化的趋势，世界各国的园林艺术不断向着统一性发展，逐渐失去自己本国特色文化和历史。我国的园林面貌也渐渐失去了自己的本色，古代很多辉煌灿烂的文化内涵在逐渐消亡。在机遇和挑战并存的今天，园林设计师们开始反思并逐渐开始注重与本国文化传统相呼应的园林文化，越来越多地运用传统的文化符号和内涵。中国传统文化渊远流长，是现代景观设计造景汲取营养和挖掘内涵的重要宝库，我国的园林建设要珍视传统文化艺术的价值。中国古典园林是中国传统文化艺术中的一件瑰宝，它是一门综合性的艺术形式，主要的价值体现在艺术价值、历史价值两个方面。我国园林设计之路应坚定地走中国特色社会主义之路，坚持中国特色社会主义文化，不断深入发展我国园林特色文化，古今结合，中外并用，扬长避短。两宋是在中国园林发展史上开始出现大量展现诗情画意、高度艺术化的文人园时代。两宋时期的文人园林较之前的园林体现出诸多新的因素，颇具价值。

本文通过研究宋代山水美感、园林造景手法和造园理念，揭示了诸多中国园林典型的造园观念及造景手法，继而研究现代园林设计理念和造景手法，反思出其中的不足和缺陷。最后通过分析总结，旨在将两宋时期的先进造园技艺以及造园理念应用于现代园林造景之中，启迪现代园林的设计与造景手法，同时对现代园林的建造也有一定的参考价值。

本文主要分为五部分：

第一部分为引言部分，叙述了论文选题的背景意义，阐明了研究的主要内容。 第二部分为基础理论以及部分概念的解释，阐述了宋代文人园林的特点、造园理念和造景手法及其形成原因。

第三部分是对两宋具体古典园林的阐述，分别选取宋代南北两处古典园林典型—开封的寿山艮岳和苏州的沧浪亭，从造园四要素具体分析了其造园理念和造景手法，总结归纳出宋代园林造景手法的可取之处和优点。

第四部分研究现代园林设计理念和造景手法的不足和缺陷、发展前景和创新思路。

第五部分为总结部分，归纳总结宋代文人园林造景手法中对现代园林造景手法有启发意义的优势和长处，对现代园林设计、造景和园林城市建设起到一定的指导作用。

关键字：文人园林；艮岳；沧浪亭；造景手法

The Song Dynasty literati garden landscape

and its research of the enlightenment to modern landscape gardening

Master Candidate: Jiang Lei Specialty: Landscape Architecture

Instructor: Nie Qingjuan

Abstract

Since we entered the 21st century, the rapid development contributes to the trend of integration and regionalization of global economics. Under the influence of globalization, the art of landscape gardening appears to lose its unique historical tradition and cultural connotation gradually in numerous countries. Undoubtedly, the essence of landscape gardening of China is also diminishing and the splendid connotation of ancient culture is perishing. As the opportunities and challenges coexisting in today, landscape designers begin to retrospect and treasure the combination of traditional history and culture. More and more cultural symbols and cultural connotation are revalued. Traditional Chinese culture has a long and rich history, which provides the modern landscape designers abundant resources to absorb. The landscape construction in our country should attach more importance to the value of traditional culture. Chinese classical garden, which embodies both artistic and historical value, is not only a great treasure of Chinese traditional culture, but also a comprehensive form of art. Landscape design in our country should firmly take the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, adhere to the socialist culture with Chinese characteristics, further develop the distinctive culture by combing the culture no matter ancient or modern, Chinese or foreign while maximizing strengths and minimizing weaknesses. In the history of Chinese gardens, the idyllic and highly artistic Literati Gardens sprung up in the two Song Dynasties. Unprecedentedly, they reflect a great many fresh and valuable factors.

Through the studies of the scenery beauty, the ways and the concept of garden landscaping, this dissertation reveals the ideas and methods of the construction of many typical Chinese gardens, and then researches the ideas and methods of building modern gardens by introspecting the deficiencies of them. Finally through the analysis and summary, it aims to apply the advanced concept of gardening art in two Song Dynasties into modern landscape gardening, meanwhile enlightening the design and the construction of it. This dissertation is divided into five main parts:

The first part is the preface, which describes the background and meaning of the topic selected and illustrates the main content of this dissertation.

The second part is the basic theory, which analyzes the related concepts expounds the characteristics, the concept and methods of building Literati Gardens.

The third part is the illustration of the specific classical gardens in Two Song Dynasties, by selecting two typical gardens in the north and the south respectively: the Gen Yue Pavilion in Shou Mountain in Kaifeng and the Surging Wave Pavilion in Suzhou. It summarizes the advantages of garden landscape in the two Song Dynasties by analyzing the concept and methods in four elements.

The fourth part is the study of the insufficiencies and flaws, prospects and innovative ideas of modern landscape.

The fifth part is the conclusion, which sums up the significant meaning of Literati Garden in the two Song Dynasties on modern garden landscape. It plays a guiding role in enlightening the design and construction of modern landscape

Key words: Literati Garden; GenYue; Surging Waves Pavilion; the methods of landscape gardening

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