2022版一轮优化探究英语(人教版)练习：必修三 Unit 2 Healthy ea

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

Biologist Robert Pitman and his colleagues tracked orcas，or killer whales，and humpback whales off the coast of Western Australia.To research further，the scientists attached a tracker to a female orca，which allowed them to use satellites to monitor her movements.They followed her for six days.During that time，the orca attacked eight young humpback whales.During the seven attacks，the orca killed the humpback whale calf (幼兽) on three occasions.

But the story doesn't end there.Humpback whales themselves are popularly thought to be large but generally，passive creatures.Pitman's study findings may let people think otherwise.

When chased by orcas，humpback whales are known to try to outswim orcas.They are thought to do this at high speed so that the orcas can't keep up.On some occasions，the humpback whales sought out protection.They swam to shallow water，nearby reefs，or even under the researchers' boats.These ways often reduced the attack.But at other times，the humpback whales decided to stay and fight.

As the orcas approached，the mother humpback would sometimes move her calf to her side，or lift it out of the water using her head or flippers.She also blew huge breaths of air to disturb the orcas，and lunged or charged at them，slashing(劈)and slapping her tail and flippers.Perhaps most surprisingly，humpback whales also have adult “escorts (护卫队)” that try to protect calves that are not their own，joining the mother in defending the smaller whale.These escort whales either charged at the orcas，or placed themselves between the attackers and calves，slashing their tails and flippers.

Despite the efforts of the mother whales and escorts，the orcas were more often than not successful in their attacks.But the presence of the escorts did reduce how many times a whale calf was killed.

[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是科学家使用科学仪器来观察杀人鲸是如何追杀驼背鲸及后者是如何反击和保护幼小的驼背鲸的。

1．What's the purpose of the scientists' further research?

A．To keep a record of whales' living habits.

B．To observe orcas' hunting humpback whales.

C．To see what life-or-death battles whales may face.

D．To find out the techniques orcas use when hunting.

解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“To research further...to use satellites to monitor

her movements.They followed her for six days.During that time，the orca attacked eight young humpback whales...”可知，科学家进行进一步研究的目的是观察杀人鲸追杀驼背鲸的活动。故选B。

答案：B

2．Why did the humpback whales swim to shallow water?

A．To avoid being attacked.

B．To hunt for food.

C．To protect their young.

D．To trick the chasers.

解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“On some occasions，the humpback whales sought out protection.They swam to shallow water，nearby reefs，or even under the researchers' boats.”可知，驼背鲸游至浅水区是出于自身的安全考虑，为了避免被攻击。故选A。

答案：A

3．What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 4?

A．Why humpback whales fall victim to orcas.

B．How humpback whales protect their calves.

C．The great mother love of humpback whales.

D．Smaller humpback whales' ways of surviving.

解析：段落大意题。根据第四段的内容可知，本段主要讲的是在面对杀人鲸的攻击时，驼背鲸是如何进行反击来保护自己的幼崽的。故B项最能概括本段的主旨要义。

答案：B

4．What does Pitman's study find?

A．Orcas are successful in their attacks.

B．It's not easy for orcas to obtain food.

C．Humpback whales swim faster than orcas.

D．Humpback whales could be active animals.

解析：推理判断题。第二段提到“Humpback whales themselves are popularly thought to be large but generally，passive creatures.Pitman's study findings may let people think otherwise.”，驼背鲸一般被认为是大型的但是通常被动的生物，Pitman的研究发现可能会让人不这么认为。下文接着讲了面对杀人鲸的攻击时，驼背鲸所采取的一些应对方式，其中包含积极迎击。

故选D。

答案：D

B

Opera is an art form that celebrates the human voice.No other art form creates excitement and moves the heart in the way that opera does，especially when performed by a great singer.Opera is an important part of the Western classical music tradition.It uses music，words，and actions to bring a dramatic story to life.Opera started in Italy at the end of the 16th century and later became popular throughout Europe.Over the years，it has responded to various musicals.In recent decades，much wider audiences have been introduced to opera through modern recording technology.Some singers have become celebrities thanks to performing on radio，on TV，and in the cinema.

However，in recent years，opera has been facing serious challenges.One current challenge to opera is economics.The shortage of money raises the broader question of how much should be paid to support opera singers and other artists.Society seems to accept the large salaries paid to business managers and the multi-million-dollar contracts given to sports athletes.But what about opera singers? Somehow，people have the idea that artists can be creative only if they suffer in poverty，but this is unrealistic.If artists，including opera singers，lack the support they need，valuable talent is wasted.

Not only the shortage of money，but also the way money is managed in the opera world has led to hardships.Principal singers are generally paid performance fees once they complete a show.They typically receive nothing during the many weeks of rehearsal (排练)before a show starts.

Another problem faced by opera is how to meet the demands of audiences who are influenced by popular entertainment.Pop singers are often judged as much on the basis of how they look as how they sound.These demands may be unrealistic and possibly harmful.Opera singers simply cannot make a sound big enough to fill a large theater or concert hall without a microphone if their body weight is too low.Emphasizing physical appearance over singing ability may cause audiences to miss out on the human voice at its best.

There are no easy solutions to opera's problems and there are many different opinions about the value of opera.However，every year many young people register for music courses with hopes and dreams of developing their talent in this special art form.The fact that opera has survived many obstacles and continues to attract the rising generation shows that it remains a respectable art form full of value.

[语篇解读]本文主要讨论了歌剧所面临的挑战和困难。

5．Which of the statements is TRUE according to the passage?

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