液晶专业术语

Back light〈背光源〉

液晶Panel的背面所设置光源。萤光灯管（热阴极管或冷阴极管）、导光板、扩散板所构成。

Contrast Ratio〈对比度〉

此为黑色与白色之间的对比。比值越高，色彩越鲜明。

FPC

Flexible Printed Circuit；可弯曲印刷电路。

Inverter 〈换流器〉

DC/AC换流器主要应用于TFT 面板背光源之power supply。它使用高电压来驱动冷阴极射线管。此独特的电力仪器具有高瓦特数、高效能及坚实小巧的设计。

LVDS

Low Voltage Differential Signaling；数字显示接口，具有高效能、高速与低功率消耗等特色。

Laser Anneal〈雷射回火〉

低温多晶硅与非晶硅最大差异在于，LTPS 的薄膜晶体管TFT，经过雷

射回火 (Laser anneal)的制程步骤；利用雷射作为热源，雷射光经过投射系统后，会产生能量均匀分布的光束，投射于非晶硅结构的玻璃基板上，当非晶硅结构玻璃基板吸收雷射的能量后，会转变成为多晶硅结构

QCIF

(Quarter Common Intermediate Format):

QCIF 为视讯会议格式，其每秒可传输30页的资料，每一页有144行、每一行有 176画素(pixel)。 其分辨率为CIF之1/4。QCIF为 ITU H.261 视讯会议之标准。CIF 及QCIF互为兼容并适用于NTSC, PAL 及SECAM三种TV标准。

White Chromaticity 为衡量RGB三原色的均衡值的测量方法。较高之色温产生偏蓝的白色； 较低的色温产生偏红的白色。 A a-Si

amorphous silicon

以材料结构而言，amorphous的意思是指未结晶的状态。Amorphous silicon膜具有作为半导体材料之特性，可用plasma CVD装置在400℃以下的温度下形成。因此成为使用玻璃基板之主动矩阵（active matrix）方式液晶面板的TFT主力组件材料。 英：

Amorphous means lacking distinct crystalline in material structure’s term. Amorphous silicon film has the quality that can be used as material of semiconductor. It can be formed by using plasma CVD equipment under temperature of 400 degree C. Therefore, it is the major mate

rial for manufacturing TFT of LCD panel, which uses glass substrate with active matrix.

a-Si TFT

amorphous Silicon Thin Film Transistor

以amorphous silicon为构成材料之电场效果型的薄膜晶体管。带有source、drain、gate三种电极之3端子组件。最常使用为主动矩阵（active matrix）液晶显示器的开关。 英：

The Field Effect type TFT with amorphous silicon material contains three terminal components of three types of electrodes: source, drain, and gate. They are often used as the switch of active matrix type LCD.

ACF

Anisotropic Conductive Film 英：

异方性导电膜，指含有导电性粒子之热硬化或热可塑性的树脂薄膜。主要用于液晶显示面板与驱动IC之讯号传输连结，需针对不同之接合接口选择适合导电粒子及密度，一般而言用于fine pitch之导电粒子其直径约为3~5 um。

Anisotropic conductive film means the thermosetting or thermal plastic resin film which contains conductivity particle. It is used major in LCD panel, and to drive the signal connection, transmitting in IC. Different interface connection requires specific conductivity particles and density accordingly. Generally speaking, the diameter of conductivity particles, which used for fine pitch, should be three to five um.

Active area

在液晶显示面板中具有显示功能之画素总面积。

英：

In LCD screen, it serves the purpose of showing the total surface area of functional pixels.

Active matrix

在画素或dot上设置主动组件，于写入期间激活主动组件而写入data电压、其它期间则关闭主动组件以维持电压之矩阵驱动方式。依据主动组件的种类区分为3端子型的TFT方式与2端子型的TFD（MIM）方式。2端子型的制造工程可简化。 英：

It sets active components on pixel or dot, witch activate active component to write data voltage during the writing period, and during other period, it shut off active component to maintain voltage of matrix driving method. According to different types of active component, it is divided into either 3-terminal model TFT or 2-terminal model TFD (MIM) methods. The manufacturing process of 2-terminal model can be simplified.

Anti-glare treatment

在液晶面板表面设置凹凸，以降低镜面反射之处理。Anti-glare处理的程度是利用积分球式光线透过率量测方式，以全光线透过率与散乱光透过率的比定义的。 英：

Convex and concave surface is configured on the LCD panel as the treatment to reduce the reflection of mirror. The extent of Anti-glare is to use the measuring method of light penetration of integral sphere model to define the ratio between the rate of full-light penetration and the rate of scatter light

Anti-reflection

在表面上包覆多层折射率不同的膜，用来消除界面的反射光之处理。 英：

It is a treatment to eliminate reflection light from interface surface, by coating many layers of film with different reflecting rate on the surface.

Aperture ratio

单一画素中可透光面积与画素总面积之比值。开口率之大小与TFT所使用之金属导线特性及Cell制程能力有关。 英：

It is the ratio of the luminary surface in a single pixel comparing to the surface of total pixels. The opening rate is determined by the nature of metal interconnect and the capability of Cell manufacturing of TFT.

APR® plate

液状紫外线硬化型树脂凸版。厚度从1.0~3.0都有，种类甚多，为了提供液体的转写效率，在画面部分的表面增加一层网状物。制版时，版系根据版体的直径，事先将画像缩小后制成。因为版即使在萤光灯下也会加促硬化，故保管上必须非常注意。（旭化成工业(株)的登记商标） 英：

There are many kinds of resin projecting plate of UV hardening model in liquid state with a thickness ranging from 1.0 to 3.0; for the purpose of elevating the efficiency of pattern transformation for the liquid, the surface of the picture portion has been mounted a layer of meshed stuff. When perform the plate making, the pattern has been miniaturized and then finished in accordance with the diameter of plate. Since the hardening of plate will be promoted even under fluorescent light, special attention is required for preservation. (Trademark of Asahi Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd ).

由于画素间信号干涉，使对比高的画面轮廓在背景部产生的拖曳现象。每个画素都设置理想switch的主动矩阵方式不会产生crosstalk。 英：

Due to the signal interferences between pixels, the background would generate dragging phenomenon in high contrast screen. Cross talk can be eliminated by fixing activate matrix type of ideal switch on each pixel.

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飞花似花 发表于2006-05-08 11:51

Dark defect

不随信号改变而一直保持低辉度状态的点状缺陷。 英：

Dark defect is a kind of dot form fault that does not change with signals and keeps in low BRIL status.

Data line

FT基板中传达显示信号之垂直方向的配线。因为接续在各画素TFT的Source电极或Drain 电极上，故又称为Source线或Drain线。线宽通常为数um到10um不等。 英：

It is the perpendicular wiring used in TFT substrate to transfer display signals. Because it is connected with the Source electrode or Drain electrode on each pixel in TFT, it is also known as Source line or Drain line. The width of the line is often between few um to 10 um.

Dichroic Mirror

仅选择在特定的波长区域内的光来做反射的光学镜。一般是利用层积的

多层膜的光之干涉经由反射而取出各式各样的颜色的光。使用在投写型的投影机上。 英：

It is a kind of optical mirror that only reflects certain light in some chosen light spectrum. Normally, many layers of film to interfere with light and with reflection to generate various color of light. It is applied to projectors with poly-silicon LCD.

Dot

构成各画素的要素点（显示的最小构成点）。 英：

Dot is the point that constructs each pixel. (the smallest display unit)

Driver IC

驱动液晶面板的回路或IC。Matrix显示有扫描电极（行电极）Driver与信号电极（列电极）Driver二种。由QFP变迁为TCP。多硅晶（poly-silicon）的面板则是直接将Driver IC形成在显示面板中。 英：

It is the IC that drives the LCD. There two types of display matrix: Scanning electrode (column electrode) Driver and Signal electrode (row electrode) Driver. The package of driver changes from QFP to TCP. The Driver IC of poly-silicon LCD panel forms directly in the display screen.

Dual Scan

将液晶面板的配线自上下两端开始接续的方法。

英：

It is a method of connecting continuously from top and bottom wiring in the LCD. E

EWS

engineering workstation

拥有color graphic display与高度演算能力，技术者为了能互动地执行LSI或electronics system之开发、设计所用的计算机。透过计算机网络与其它EWS相互接续而达到设计Data共有化，以构筑效率良好的分散设计环境。 英：

It is a computer designed for high color graphic display calculation, and it is used for execute LSI interactively or for electronics system development. Through network, it can connect to other EWS to achieve data sharing designing, hence, better and efficient distributed deigning environment are built. F

Flatness

大多指heat head与支撑台的平行度。热压着时，每个tool相互间的关系比平行度重要。

英：

Most of the time, Flatness means the parallelism between the heat tool and support platform. When there is heat, the relationships between each tool is more important than the parallelism. Flicker

画面辉度之周期性变动。也称为闪烁。出现Cross Talk较多的画面其Flicker也会较明显。其起因与Crosstalk相同。 英：

Flicker is a periodic change of the brightness of the screen. Flicker is more obvious when there are more cross talk, and the cause of flicker is the same as Crosstalk.

FPC

Flexible Printed Circuit

可挠曲印刷配线板。使用于实装有液晶driver IC的印刷基板与COG基板等界面上之配线板。 英：

FPC means flexible printed circuit board. FPC is the circuit that applies to printing circuit with LC driver IC and COG circuit interface.

FCA

Flip Chip Attachment

为face down bonding其中一种。指将LSI chip上的接续电极直接接续在基板或package的配线用电极上。一般是在LSI chip上形成焊锡bump与基板接续，但COG则是使用导电paste、ACF等来接续bump与基板。

英：

FCA is one type of the face down bonding. It means attaching the connecting electrode of LSI chip directly to the circuit or wiring electrode of package. Generally, LSI chip forms the soldering bump and attach to the circuit, but COG uses conductivity paste, or ACF for attachment between bump and circuit.

FLCD

Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal Display

指强诱电性液晶。材料使用sematic液晶，属于单纯matrix 方式，可做高速应答。虽然使用在大型panel上价格较便宜，但另一方面，由于很难做安定的配向，故在画面的要求上有其困难之处。 英：

It uses sematic LC as its material, which belongs to simple matrix type, and has high speed response. Although it is cheaper to apply on large type panel, but on the other hand, it is very hard to achieve stability. Therefore, it is difficult to achieve quality of the screen.

Folding TCP

将实装后的TCP折弯一次或二次之形态的TCP。有助于面板边框area之狭小化。 英：

Folding TCP is formed by folding the fixed TCP once or twice, and it helps to minimise the frame area of circuit.

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风清云淡的小雪 发表于2006-05-08 11:52

GPS

以美国24个卫星传来的时间与位置等情报为基准而知道现在位置的方

法。将这个情报与地图情报搭配使用的方法即可汽车导航系统。 英：

Global Positioning System allows users to find out the time, and exact current location through 24 different satellites. Applying this system and map information achieves the vehicle navigation system.

Gray scale

指介于最大辉度与最小辉度之间的中间调显示。数字信号输入时，与2, 3, 4, 6, 8 bit相对应的有4, 8, 16, 64, 256阶调。模拟信号输入则可作无限阶调之显示。阶调显示的方式分为液晶驱动电压变化及frame间的时间调节。 英：

Gray scale is for tuning the display between maximum and minimum brightness. When digital signal is input to it, according to 2, 3, 4, 6 and 8 bit, there are 4, 8, 16, 64 and 256 different gray levels. Analogue input can be used for infinity level tuning display. There are two ways of gray scale: LC driving voltage tuning and frame rate control. I

ILB

Inner Lead Bonding

内引脚接合，指驱动IC之bump与Poly-imide tape上之Cu lead以Eutectic Bonding方式接合之制程。 英：

ILB bonding is a manufacturing process which attach the bump of Driver IC to the Cu lead on poly-imide tape with Eutectic Bonding method.

Image sticking

经过长时间显示同一pattern后，切换至其它显示时，前面的pattern会长时间残留的现象。 英：

After a long displaying time of the same color pattern, the color pattern would stay on the screen over a period of time, once switched to other color display.

Interconnection pitch

指接续pad或bump间的pitch。未必与画素pitch一致。使用面bump LSI时，接续pad可比画素pitch大。 英：

Interconnection pitch is the pitch connects pads or bumps, and it is not necessary to be the same as the pixel pitch. When using the bump LSI, the pad pitch can be larger than the pixel pitch.

Interlace

将1个frame分成奇数号扫描及偶数号扫描这二种区域，使这二种区域交替驱动之方式。可抑制闪烁。主要使用于电视显示方面。计算机则以non-interlace驱动为主。 英：

To split a frame into two areas with odd and even scanning lines. By allowing these two areas to switch driving modes between each othe

r, flickering can be reduced. This is mainly used in traditional television sets. Computer monitors mostly use non-interlace mode.

Inverted staggered structure TFT

Gate电极配置于下部（bottom gate）之stagger构造的TFT。可在真空中连续形成gate绝缘膜及半导体层，因为易于使MOS界面清净化等理由，为多数的a-Si TFT所采用。 英：

It is a type of TFT that has Gate electrode fixed to the stagger of bottom gate. The gate insulated film and semi conductor layer can be formed in vacuum status. It is mostly applied to a-Si TFT because it is easier to purify MOS interface with it.

Inverter

将B?uL光源（萤光灯或EC）以高周波点亮的点灯回路。 英：

It is a lighting circuit that lights the radiofrequency with B / L light source (florescent lamp or EC) K

KGD

Known Good Die

Known good die之简称。指经确认为良品之LSI chip。在chip level中受品质保证，但成本较高。

英：

KGD is a high quality LSI chip, and it has quality guarantee in its chip level and cost more. L

LCD

Liquid Crystal Display

液晶显示器。利用偏极化光及液晶分子之特有光电特性，以电压控制画素之亮及暗，达到影像明暗对比之效果。 英：

LCD utilizes the polarization light and special light and electrical property of LC molecule to control the darkness and lightness of pixel with voltage. Hence, to achieve the effect of contrast between bright and dark.

LCD Controller

供给Driver回路（IC）上必要的timing信号等控制信号的回路（IC）。 英：

LCD controller supplies the necessary timing signal for Driver IC and other signal controlling IC.

LCD Driver

指驱动液晶panel的回路或IC。以matrix来表示，可分为行电极Driver与列电极Driver

英：

LCD Driver is for driving LC panel circuit or IC. In matrix terms, it can be differentiated into column electrode Driver and row electrode Driver.

LCD Projector

将小型的液晶面板（LCD panel）放大投影而取得大画面之方式。可分为使用3片单色TFT的3板式及使用1片彩色TFT的单板式。从价格、重量来看，单板式较有利。3板式系利用二色镜（dichroic mirror）自光源的光中取出光的三原色后进行彩色之显示。分为rear pro 与 front pro二种方式。就亮度来说，rear pro较有利。 英：

A method to magnify and project a smaller-sized LCD panel into a bigger display. This can be achieved by using either three single-color TFT or one color TFT. From a price and weight standpoint, it should be more beneficial to use the one color TFT method. The three single-color TFT method uses a dichroic mirror to display the colors from external light sources. It is divided into rear projector and front projector. In terms of brightness, rear projector has more advantages than front projector.

Line defect

出现于水平及垂直之线状的显示缺陷。 英：

Line defect is a display defect which appears in horizontal or vertical lines.

Luminance

written into each pixel from Data line. The signal delay in the scanning line causes great impact to the quality of the screen image, and therefore, low resistor scanning line should be used.

Scratch

Color filter的外观缺陷之一。指color filter表面上的细微伤痕，大多是基板处理时机械性接触所造成的。 英：

It is one of the defects from the outside view of color filter. It means the tiny scar on the surface of color filter. Most of the time, it is caused by mechanical contact during circuit board treatment.

Seal width

将2片液晶面板的基板接合并固定之seal部的宽度。就械械性强度或信赖性而言，某种程度的宽度是必要的，但若要扩大显示部的有效面积或确保安装的区域，则宽度最好窄一点。 英：

It is the width of the seal, which used to connect two pieces of LC circuit. Regarded to the mechanical toughness and reliability, certain seal width is necessary. However, in order to enlarge the active screen display area or to secure the fitting area, the width should be narrower.

Separate film

挟在ACF tape层之间的薄膜。 英：

It is the film fitted in between the layers of ACF tape.

Slim TCP

输入lead与输出lead之间的间隔较窄之TCP。有助于面板边框范围之狭小化。 英：

It is a TCP with narrower gap between input lead and output lead, and this helps to narrow the size of frame area of the circuit board.

Spacer

为了使液晶面板（cell）中液晶层的厚度均一而放入上下基板间之均一直径的物体。Spacer的材料有plastic beads或玻璃纤维。依Cell gap不同，使用的spacer直径（2~6 m）种类甚多，Spacer有ball spacer与photo spacer之区别。 英：

It is a object with same diameter fitted in between top and bottom glass substrate, its purpose is to ensure the same thickness of LC layers in the cell of LC substrate. According to different Cell gap, the diameter of spacer varies from 2 to 6 um. There are various types of spacer, and it is differentiated into ball spacer and photo spacer.

Staggered structure TFT

TFT的构造依晶体管构成要素的配置方法大致区分为stagger型与coplanar型。前者指的是在gate电极?ugate绝缘膜与source?udrain电极之间配置半导体。后者指的是在gate电极?ugate绝缘膜与半导体之间配置source?udrain电极。另外还衍生出gate电极是在TFT上部（top gate）

或下部（bottom gate）的类型。顺stagger构造是gate电极配置于上部之stagger构造，使用于部份的a-Si TFT LlCD上。 英：

TFT structure is divided into stagger type and coplanar type according to the ways the transistors are constructed. Stagger type means the semiconductor is fixed in between gate electrode / gate insulating film and source / drain electrode. Coplanar type means the source / drain electrode is fixed in between gate electrode / gate insulating film and transistor. There is also another TFT types which fits the gate electrode on either top gate or bottom gate of the TFT. When the gate electrode is fitted to the stagger on top gate, it is known as Staggered structure TFT, and it is applied partially to a-Si TFT LCD.

Step coverage

薄膜形成时在薄膜表面的细微段差部上作成之膜的被着状态。段差部上的被着状态直接影响到配线的断线不良等，成为制品良率、品质低下的主因。 英：

It means another film is formed on the micro gaps on the film surface, when the film is produced. Step coverage directly affects quality of wiring, and hence is the major cause of low quality and defect rate of finishing product.

STN

Super Twisted Nematic

具有扭转约180度~270度构造的nematic液晶或采用namatic液晶的显示类型。以一定角度射入到液晶分子轴上的直线偏光由于双折射性的缘故而变调成椭圆偏光。利用电场的有无将液晶分子控制在STN构造与

垂直配向之间，即可用双折射性的变调加以驱动。黄色或蓝色是较普遍的，采用特殊的位相膜或补偿液晶板作白色显示，也可以应用于彩色显示上。与TN相比其视角较广，但缺点是应答速度慢。 英：

STN has nematic LC which can twist from 180 degrees to 270 degrees or uses namatic LC display type. With a fixed angle, the straight polarizer shoots on to the axis of the LC molecule and because of the birefringence property, the straight polarizer becomes ellipse polarizer. By utilizing the existence of electrical field to control the LC molecule to stay in between the STN structure and vertical orientation, STN can be drove from the property of birefringence. Generally, they are in either yellow or blue color, and it can display white color when special phase film or compensated LC board. This also applies to color display. Comparing with TN, it has a wider viewing angle, but the disadvantage is slow in response speed.

Stud bump

进行ball bonding时切断bonding wire所形成的bump。 英：

A bump formed by cutting the wire during wire bonding process. Stud bump is one of the bumping method for flip chip bonding process.

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