2016英语一轮复习知识排查突破：人教新课标 book 5 Unit 3（含解析）

1.speed up加速 2.aspect n．方面；层面 3．motivation n．动机 4.desert n．沙漠；荒原 5．fasten vt.系牢；扎牢 6.lose sight of...看不见…… 7．sweep up 打扫；横扫 8.take up拿起；接受；开始；继续 9．recycle vt.回收利用；再利用 10.switch n．开关；转换 vt.转换 11．enormous adj.巨大的；庞大的 12.slide into (快捷而悄声地)移动；溜进…… 13．guide n．指导；向导；导游 vt.指引；指导 14.greedy adj.贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的 15．be back on one’s feet (困境后)恢复；完全复原 16．uncertain adj.不确切的；无把握的→certain adj.确信的；有把握的 重点识记词汇 17．ecology n．生态；生态学→ecologist n．生态学家 18．previous adj.在前的；早先的→previously adv.在前；早先 19．guide n．指导；向导；导游 vt.指引；指导→guidance n．指引；指导 20．surroundings n．周围的事物；环境→surrounding adj.周围的→surround vt.围绕 21．combination n．结合；组合→combine vi.联合；结合；化合 vt.使化合；使联合；使结合→combined adj.结合的 22．tolerate vt.容忍；忍受→tolerance n．容忍；宽容 23．adjustment n．调整；调节→adjust vt.调整；使适应 24．constant adj.时常发生的；连续不断的→constantly adv.不断地 25．press vi.& vt.按；压；逼迫 n．按；压；印刷；新闻→pressure n．压力 26．lack vi.& vt.缺乏；没有 n．缺乏；短缺的东西→lacking adj.缺乏的 27．exhausted adj.筋疲力尽的；疲惫不堪的→exhaust vt.耗尽 28．optimistic adj.乐观(主义)的→optimism n．乐观→pessimism n．(反义词)悲观→pessimistic adj.悲观(主义)的 29．moveable adj.可移动的；活动的→move v．& n．移动 30．receiver n．接受者；接收器；电话听筒→receive vt.接到；收到；接待 31．efficiency n．效率；功效→efficient adj.效率高的；有能力的 32．instant n．瞬间；片刻 adj.立即的；立刻的→instantly adv.马上 33．representative n．代表；典型人物 adj.典型的；有代表性的→represent v．代表 34．settlement n．定居；解决→settle v．定居；解决→settler n．定居者 1.However，I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market 必背经典句式 because of too many carriages flying by in all directions. 然而，当我们到达一个看上去像是大市场的地方时，由于太多的客车朝四面八方飞奔，我看不见王平了。 2．Exhausted，I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. 我感到累极了，爬上床很快就睡着了。 3.“Put on this mask，” he advised.“It’ll make you feel much better.” 必背经典句式 “把这个面罩带上，”他告诉我，“它会使你感觉好些。” 4．Sue dared not sleep in her bedroom. 苏不敢在她的卧室里睡觉。 5．No more typists working on a typewriter or computer！No more postage or postcodes! 再也不需要打字员在打字机或电脑上工作了， 再也不需要邮费和邮政编码了。 -ship hardship /′hɑ?d?Ip/ n．[C]&[U]苦难；困苦；苦事 构词记忆 membership /′memb??Ip/ n．[C]&[U]会员资格；会员人数 ownership /′??n??Ip/ n．[U]所有(权)；所有制 relationship /rI′leI??n?Ip/ n．[C]&[U]关系；联系

Ⅰ.词汇与派生 A．语境填词

1．Are you optimistic(乐观的) or pessimistic if you are facing the life of future? 2．If you press(按) the button，the machine will start.

3．I don’t like this radio play—Let’s switch(转换) to another programme. 4．Lack(缺乏)of vitamin B can produce a variety of symptoms. 5．He guided(指引) us through the narrow streets to the central mosque.

6．On her way to school，the little girl constantly(时常地) went to see the famous scientist.

7．He took up his settlement(定居) in a new house. 8．I don’t know about the motivation(动机)of their research.

9．They have no children together，but each has a son from a previous(从前的) marriage. 10．I told him I wasn’t going to tolerate(容忍) his drinking any longer. 11．Please fasten(系上) your seat belts tightly as we are landing shortly.

12．Judy and Jane are twin girls，but they are different from each other in many aspects(方面)．

B．用所给词的适当形式填空

13．After the heavy rain，the path before my house became muddy，and my shoes were covered with mud.(mud) 14．I always dream of having house surrounded by trees and flowers.If we can live in such beautiful surroundings，we must have a happy feeling every day.The surrounding things always have an effect on our mood.(surround)

15．The city of Hangzhou is really an impressive place.Especially the famous West Lake always leaves quite an impression on the visitors.I was strongly impressed by its beauty the first time I saw it.(impress)

16．The famous ecologist insisted that something should be done to protect the ecology.(ecology)

Ⅱ.短语运用

A．用方框内所给动词短语的适当形式填空

be back on one’s feet，speed up，suffer from，lose sight of，take up，be similar to

17．To keep healthy，Professor Smith took up cycling as a regular form of exercise after he retired.

18．Farmers suffering from drought or floods would get more payments. 19．The child lost sight of his mother in the supermarket，worried，crying bitterly. 20．The Internet is widely used，which speeds up the development of English. 21．Their house，which is similar to ours，has a bigger garden. 22．After his wife’s death it took him two years to be back on his feet.

B．用方框内所给短语填空

in all directions，in no time，as a result，for lack of 23．He wanted to leave school for lack of money. 24．Hearing what they said，he smiled in no time. 25．When the police arrived，the crowd scattered in all directions. 26．All singers kept together.As a result，their performance was successful.

Ⅲ.经典句式

27．They finally reached what was called “a lonely island”． 他们终于来到了一个叫“孤岛”的地方。

28．After the long journey，the three of them went back home，hungry and tired. 长途跋涉后，他们三个回到了家，又饿又累。 29．Nobody dared raise the opposite opinion. 没有人敢提出反对的意见。

30．No more time to us! No more youth for us to cost! 再也没有光阴和青春给我们挥霍了！

31．The boss made the workers work from dawn to dark every day. 老板每天都让工人们从黎明一直工作到天黑。

1 guide n.指南；指导；导游；向导?a person who shows the way?；vt.给某人领路?show the way?；指引，指导?direct?；影响?influence?；解释，阐明?explain? [多词一义] guide，direct，lead，instruct guide sb.to...引导某人到…… under one’s guidance＝under the guidance of sb.在某人的指导下 We’ve arranged a walking tour of the city with your guide. 我们已安排大家在你的带领下步行游览这座城市。 [夯实基础] (1)语法填空

①It was she that guided the blind man to the street.

②Activities all take place under the guidance of an experienced tutor. (2)We were guided by a local guide and visited the famous church.

①Guided by a local guide，we visited the famous church.(用过去分词短语作状语改写句子) ②With a local guide guiding us，we visited the famous church.(用with复合结构改写句子) ③A local guide guiding us，we visited the famous church.(用独立主格结构改写句子)

2 lack vi.& vt.缺乏；没有?have none or not enough?；n.缺乏；短缺的东西

[多词一义] lack，be lacking in，be short of ?a? lack of缺少…… for/through lack of因缺少…… no lack of ……充足的 be lacking in...在……方面缺乏 lack ?for? sth.缺少某物 Despite his lack of experience，he got the job. 他虽然经验不足，但还是获得了这份工作。 It lacks the power of the Italian cars. 它没有意大利汽车动力强劲。 [夯实基础]

(1)The green hand is lacking in practical experience.

The green hand is short of practical experience.(用short改写句子) (2)He lacks confidence.

He is lacking in confidence.(用lacking改写句子) (3)Lack of confidence makes his father worried.

What makes his father worried is his lack of confidence.(用what引导的主语从句改写句子)

3 press n.压，按，挤；记者?journalists?；新闻界?newspapers or magazines?；v.按，压?push?；催促；敦促

press sth.on sb.把?想法等?强加于…… press...against把……压/贴在……上 in/at press在印刷中 off press已出版；已发行 under pressure在压力下 put pressure on sb.给某人施加压力 She pressed her guests to stay a little longer. 她力劝客人们多待一会儿。 [夯实基础] (1)语法填空

①With one problem pressing on his mind，he felt stressed(stress)． ②You need to be able to work accurately under pressure.

(2)Under pressure from his parents，the boy is determined to stop playing video games. Pressed from his parents，the boy is determined to stop playing video games.(用过去分词短语作状语改写句子)

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