专四词汇与语法汇总

bear，endure，stand，tolerate都含有一定的\忍耐、忍受\之意

在表示忍受pain，suffering，hardship等时，在许多情况下这四个词可以互换使用；通常与can或cannot连用

bear 强调忍受者对痛苦、忧虑、烦恼以及责任的承受力（常用于否定句中） endure (=bear bravely)指经受长期的艰难、困苦或折磨而不屈服，强调持久力和意志坚强（常用于否定句中）

stand 强调不屈不挠或经受得起（常用于否定句中）

tolerate指忍受某人或某种行为而不反抗，语气最弱（即可用于肯定句也可用于否定句）

He quietly endures the pain of a loveless marriage.他默默地忍受着没有爱情的婚姻的煎熬。

The sorrow was almost more than she could bear.她几乎忍受不了那种悲伤。

I can’t stand hot weather.我受不了热天。

A government that refuses to tolerate opposition cannot last long.一个不听取反对意见的政府是不会长久的。

It’s hard for people to put up with that kind of treatment.人们很难忍受那种待遇。

assure，ensure，insure与reassure 区别

assure，ensure，insure与reassure这四个单词可谓是形近意似，但用法却不无区别。

 ㈠ assure

 ▲assure用来表示向某人保证某事将要发生，既可以用来确证某事，也可以表

示使某人确信（If you ASSURE a person of something，you promise them or tell them that）。assure的宾语通常是人或人称代词，所以不能直接搭用that － clause。其常用结构为：assuresb．ofsth．／as-。

①He assured us of his ability to solve the problem．他向我们保证他有能力解决这个问题。

 ②We booked early to assure ourselves of（getting）good seats．我们及早订座以保证我们能得到好座位。

 ▲assure后还可跟抽象名词作宾语，此时与ensure同义，表示确保。

 ①Weeks of practice assured ／ensured success in the match．几个星期的训练确保了在比赛中获得成功。

 ②Nothing can assure permanent peace．没有什么能确保永久和平。

 ▲assure在英国英语中作为专业术语，可表示投人寿保险。 to insure ／assure against death投保寿险（life assurance ／insurance人寿保险）㈡ ensure

 ▲ensure的意思是使某行为或某件事的结果得以保证，即确保某事发生（to make sure that sth．happens）。ensure后可以直接跟 that-clause，并可以用复合宾语。常用结构为：ensure sth．／ensure ＋that －clause ／en-sure ＋obj．（i）＋obj．（d）

 ①To ensure the childs quick recovery，the doctor gave him an antibiotic．为使这个孩子尽快恢复，医生给他打了一剂抗生素。

 ②Registration ensures delivery of mail．挂号寄邮件保证会送到。

 ▲ensure也可以表示确保安全，免遭伤害。 To ensure freedom against tyranny反对暴政，维护自由

▲在美语中ensure常拼写为insure。 ㈢ insure 意思是为防不测向保险公司付钱投保（to pay money to an insurance company against future disaster）。

①My house is insured against fire．我的房子保了火险。

②Are you insured for all risks？你是不是给自己保了综合险？

㈣reassure 表示安慰忧虑不安的人，使其安心，放心，恢复信心（to comfort someone who is anxious and make him ／her free from fear or wor- ry；to bring back confidence to．．．）。常用结构为： reassure sb．（about sth．）／reassure sb．＋ that-clause

①I was worried that my work wasnt good enough，but the teacher reassured me（about it）．我担心我的作业不够好，可是老师却让我放心。

 ② The captain reassured the passengers about the strength of the ship．那位船长向乘客保证船很坚固，要他们安心。

专四辅导系列之丛书系列

语法练习

英语专四语法与词汇练习题11

1.First published in 1927, the charts remain an _______ source for researchers. A intelligent B indispensable C inevitable D identical

2. Please___ dictionaries when you are not sure of____ word spelling or meaning. A search B seek C inquire D consult

3. It ____ you to at least 50% off the regular price of either frames or lenses when you buy both.

A credits B entitles C presents D tips

4. The __ at the military academy is so rigid that students can hardly bear it. A confinement B convention C discipline D principle

5. Doctors warned agaisnt chewing tobacco as a _____ for smoking. A succession B substitute C revival D relief

答案 1-5BDBCB

1.选B indispensable to do sth, indispensable for sth/ doing sth 不可缺少的,必需的 inevitable 不可避免的，必然发生的

identical同一的,identical to/with sb/sth与……完全相同的 2.选D consult with sb 与某人商量,consult查阅

3. 选B entitle sb to sth(用于被动语态) 给某人获得某事物或权利 4. 选C discipline 训练方式,处罚 confinement限制，监禁 convention大会

5.选B substitute 代替, 替用品 revival恢复，苏醒

英语专四语法与词汇练习题12

1.She managed to save__ she could out of her wages to help her brother. A how little money

B so little money C such little money D what little money

2. The statue would be perfect but for a few small__ in its base. A mistakes B weakness C flaws D errors

3. The morning news says a school bus__ with a train at the junction and a group of policmen were sent there immediately.

A bumped B collided C crashed D struck

4. The screaming of a woman____ our attention back_____ the TV program.

A paid...at B got...on C called...to D drew...over

5. This typerwriter is____ your service. A at B in C on D under 答案解析：

1.选D. what little+n表\所仅有的\

2.选C flaw\缺陷，瑕疵，裂痕\mistake和error强调的是\错误\，weakness\弱点\

3.选B collide 碰撞，撞 The two cars collided, but luckily no one was seriously hurt. strike打，袭击，攻击 He struck the boy a violent blow.

bump碰，冲撞，偶遇 I bumped into an old friend of mine on the road. crash碰撞，坠落 The car crashed into a tree.

4.选C call(draw) one's attention to 将某人的注意力吸引到…… pay attention to 注意，重视 Please pay attention to your spellings.

5.选A at one's service 听候某人吩咐，听凭某人使用.(其他没有如此搭配) 英语专四语法与词汇练习题13

1. We are writing to the manager_ _the repairs recently carried out at the above address. A with the exception B with the purpose of C with reference to D with a view to

2.Then the speaker__ the various factors leading to the present economic crisis.

A went after B went into C went for D went on

3.Theory is based on practice and __ serves and guides practice. A in turn B by turns C in return D taking turns

4. We hadn’t realized that there would be a power cut so we were astonished when the whole house was__ into darkness.

A dropped B dived C drowned D plunged

5. The school committee naturally hope that their choice of play will be __ with the school and parents.

A content B pleased C favorable D popular 1-5 CBADD

1.选C with reference to 关于，根据 With a view to 以……为目标，指望于

2.选B go into讨论，议论，详述They went into it for several hours, without much satisfaction on either side.

go for袭击，抨击 His opponent went for him when his back was turned. 我要收藏 go on进行，发生 If you never read newspaper, you’ll never know what’s going on in the world.

3. 选A in turn 依次，反过来They speak in turn.

in return 作为回报I helped her repair her bike, and she treated me to a cup of coffee in return.

by turns 轮流 They laughed and cried by turns. take turns (at ) doing sth 轮流做某事

The three brothers took turns (at) looking after their mother. 4. 选D plunge into陷于某种状态 The country was plunged into a war. 5.选D be popular with受到……的喜爱

be content with对某事感到满足We are not content with our present achievement. be pleased with 对……感到满意，高兴I am very pleased with he has done. Favorable 顺利的，有利的 The weather is favorable to us for a start.来 英语专四语法与词汇练习题14

1.The policeman stopped him when he was driving home and __ him of speed. A charged B accused C blamed D warned

2. The public opinion was that the time was not__ for the election of such a radical candidate as Mr. Jones.

A reasonable B ripe C ready D practical

3. The managing director took the __ for the accident, although it was not really his fault. A guilt B blame C charge D accusation

4. Barry had an advantage over his mother__ he could speak French. A since that B in that C at that D so that

5. Very few scientists__ completely new answers to the world’s problems. A come up with B come out C come round D come up to 答案 1-5 BBBBA

1、B accuse of 指控某人犯……罪 He was accused of corruption. charge with指控某人犯……罪 He was charged with negligence of duty. blame sb for 因……埋怨，责怪 Movies have been blamed for the crime wave.

warn sb of 警告，告戒某人 He was warned of the danger.

2、B ripe引申为“时机成熟的，准备好的”I won’t tell her the news until the time is ripe for it.

ready for做好准备的 Are you ready for the journey?

3、B take the blame for sth对某事负责，内疚 We are ready to take the blame for that. 4、B in that 由于，因为Human beings are superior to animals in that they can use language as a tool to communicate.

5、A come up with提出，提供 He claimed to have been the first to come up with that idea. come out 出现，显露，出版，发表 When will his new book come out?

come round/ around 顺便来访，改变主意 He will never come round to our way of thinking.

come up to达到，符合Only in this way will you come up to the Party’s expectations. 英语专四语法与词汇练习题15

1.The political future of the president is now hanging by a __. A thread B cord C string D rope

2.The question is still__ discussion. A in B by C for D under

3.We managed to reach the top of the mountain, and half an hour later we began to __. A ascend B descend C decline D plunge

4.To survive in the intense trade competition between countries, we must__ the qualities and varieties of products we make to the world-market demand.

A improve B enhance C guarantee D gear

5.There has been a __ lack of communication between the union and the management. A regretful B regrettable C regretting D regretted 答案：1-5ADBDB

1.选A 四个选项都有“绳索”这个意思，但只有thread和hang by构成习语：hang by a thread千钧一发，危在旦夕

2.选D be+ prep+n(表动作的名词)来表示“被动”而under discussion是习惯搭配 3.选B descend 指人，物体从某一高度/斜面上“下来/降”On turning the corner, we saw that the road descended sharply.

decline 强调权利，繁荣，成就，健康状况，体力，记忆，数量的“减少，衰落”His influence declined after he lost the election.

ascend渐渐上升，descend的反义词。We watched the balloon ascend higher and higher. plunge使突然前倾或下降 The sudden application of the brakes plunged him forward. enhance 增加，提高The moonlight enhanced the beauty of the scene.

4.选D gear to使……适合，配合We must gear the amount of products we make to the increase in public demand. 现在来分析题目.题中的To……,是目的状语.而we 是主语, gear.to是谓语,而the qualitiesand varieties of products 是宾语,而we make 是来修饰这个宾语的,the world-market demand是宾补.句子的大致意思就是说我们必须根据市场的需求制造商品,才能在市场上立足.

5 选B regrettable 可惜的 regretful后悔的，抱歉的 英语专四语法与词汇练习题16

1.I have no doubt that __ all of these people were taught in school that the earth revolves around the sun.

A virtually

如：Look, there’s a beam of light coming through the thick fog.瞧，浓雾里射出了一道光线。

Give your shoes a good shine.把你的鞋擦亮点儿。

We were attracted by the glitter of the Christmas tree decorations.我们被圣诞树上闪闪发光的装饰物所吸引。

His first novel was a flash in the pan.他的第一部小说只是昙花一现。 The glow from the embers warmed us.火红的余烬使我们感到暖洋洋的。

全真模拟试题

1. One of the requirements for a fire is that the material ____to its burning temperature. A. be heated B. is heated C. would be heated D. to heated

2.____ will Mr. Forbes be able to regain control of the company. A. With hard work B. Only if he works hardly C. In spite of his hard work D. Only with hard work

3. ____ is no reason for discharging her. A. Because she was a few minutes late B. Owing to a few minutes being late C. The fact that she was a few minutes late D. Being a few minutes late

4.____ what may, we’re not going to make any concessions to his unreasonable demands.

A. Come

B.Came C. Coming D. Having come 

5. Every means ____ tried out but never with success, as far as my knowledge goes. A. is B. are C.has been D. have been

6. He concluded his speech with a remark that failure ____the mother of success. A. is B. were C.was D.must be

7. The design liaison meeting ____ ten days by the time it ends. A. must have lasted B. will have lasted  C. would last D. has lasted

8. ____ before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner party.

A. Had they arrived B. Would they arrive C. Were they arriving D. Were they to arrive

9. As ____ clear from his manners, he is a teacher.

A. being

B. is C. to be D. been

10. Great as Newton was, many of his ideas ____ today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time.

A. are to challenge B. may be challenged C. have been challenged D. are challenging

11. It is necessary that the students ____ more excercises to do. A. have B.must have C. will have D. can have

12. The present situation forced us to ____ this policy.

A. adapt B. admit C. adopt D. adjust

13. We can ____ the two islands with a bridge. A. unite B. connect C. relate D. combine

14. Due to the bad weather the plane was ____ for two hours. A. delayed B. canceled

C.postponed D. dismissed

15. The ____ populated area was a breeding place forinfectious diseases. A. densely B. sparcely C. improperly D. poisonous

16. Perhaps the customer has ____ his monthly statement and not paid the bill.

A. omitted B. bewildered C. overlooked D. escaped

17. He was almost asleep, ____ with all this hard work.

A. worn down B. worn out C. worn off D. worn away

18. It happened in front of a fruit and vegetable ____in my neighborhood.

A. station B. stand C. joint D. lift

19. The first step in the study of any language is observing and ____ precisely what happens when native speakers speak it.

A. setting off B. setting about

C. setting up D. setting down

20. As the pressure____, the liquid rock is forced up through channels in the resistant rock to the earth’s surface.

A. intensifies B. magnifies C. heightens D.deviates

21. Poll is an example of a severely disabled person who has become______at many survival skills.

A. efficient B. proficient C. persistent D. transient

22. Rumors are everywhere, spreading fear,damaging reputations, and turning calm situations into ____ ones.

A. tragic B. turbulent C. vulnerable D. vicious

23. I believe that remark ____ from what you said yesterday.

A. resulted B. arose C. came D. originated

24. Her ____ was held at the local church. A. funeral B. festival

C. farewell D. finish

25. Tom ____ of his wife how she had met her friend. A. asked B. questioned  C. inquired D. interrogated 试题答案与解析  1.A)

【句意】形成火的条件之一是该材料能够被加热到燃烧的温度。

【难点】A)项requirement 这个词和idea, suggestion等一样，要求从句里的谓语动词用(should)+动词原形。

2.D)

【句意】只有通过艰苦的工作，福比斯先生才能重新控制公司。 【难点】only+状语放在句首时，具有强调作用，谓语必须倒装。 3.C)

【句意】只是迟到了几分钟，并不能成为解雇她的理由。

【难点】A)，B)均不能充当句子主语，C)The fact 后跟that引出的同位语从句，D)Being 是动名词。但D)中的名词being没有行为主体，未说明谁迟到，所以排除。

4.A)

【句意】无论发生什么事情，我们都不会对他无理的要求做出让步。

【难点】come what may 是一个固定的用法，其中come总是用原形动词，在这一用法中，主谓必须倒装，此句相当于whatever may happen (不管发生什么情况)。

5. C)

【句意】就我所知，每种方法都试过了，但都没有成功。

【难点】means虽以s结尾却是单数形式，因此谓语动词应选用第三人称单数。 6. A)

【句意】他用“失败乃成功之母”这句话结束了他的发言。

【难点】表示客观事实或普遍真理时，句子通常用一般现在时，此类句子的时态不受其它分句时态限制。

7. B)

【句意】本期设计联络会将持续十天才会结束。

【难点】by the time意指no later than the moment that something happens，常与过去完成时和将来完成时连用。

8. D)

【句意】如果他们能在我们后天离开之前赶到的话，我们就举行一次盛大的宴会。 【难点】表示将来不可能发生的事实，常用虚拟语气，主句的谓语为should+动词原形(适用于第一人称主语)或would,could,might+动词原形(适用于其余人称主语);而条件句的谓语应该用should+动词原形，were to+动词原形或直接用动词的过去时(如be 改用were)。

9. B)

【句意】从他的举止便可以明显地看出，他是一名教师。

【难点】as意为“如，照(某种事实或情况)”，在本句中为关系代词，指代第二个分句，as代替整个句子作主语时，谓语动词通常必须用单数。

10. C)

【句意】尽管牛顿非常伟大，然而他的许多观点当前正受到怀疑，并且当今的许多科学家正在努力对这些观点进行修正。 【难点】challenge意为“挑战，怀疑”，常用作及物动词。本句中牛顿的观点受到挑战为一个当前已经发生的事实，故采用现在完成时的被动语态。

11. A)

【句意】学生们有必要做更多的练习。

【难点】虚拟语气可以用于主语从句中，常用的句型为：It +is(was)+形容词that…，主语从句中的谓语用(should)+v.的表达形式。

12. C)

【句意】目前的形势强迫我们采纳这项政策。

【难点】adopt意为“采用，采取，采纳”;adapt意为“使…适应;改编”;admit意为“承认”;adjust意为“调整;使…适应”。

13. B)

【句意】我们可以用桥将两座岛屿联接起来。

【难点】connect意为“连接;与…衔接”;unite意为“结合;团结”;relate意为“把…与…联系起来”;combine意为“结合;联合;化合”。

14. A)

【句意】由于天气恶劣，飞机晚点两个小时。

【难点】delay意为“使耽搁，延迟”;cancel意为“取消;终止”;dismiss意为“解雇，解散”;postpone意为“延期，拖延，缓办”，尤指因为某种原因事先作出安排，与delay不同。

15. A)

【句意】人口稠密的地区是传染病滋生的地方。

【难点】densely意为“稠密地;浓密地;密集地”;sparsely意为“稀地;稀疏地”;improperly意为“不合适地，不协调地”;poisonously意为“有毒地，引起中毒地”。

16. C)

【句意】也许这位顾客忽略了他的月度报表，而没付单。

【难点】overlook意为“忽略”;omit意为“遗漏;忘记”;bewilder意为“使迷惑;使糊涂;难住”;escape意为“逃过…的注意;被…忘掉”。

17. B)

【句意】他干了这么多重活儿，累得精疲力竭，差不多睡着了。

【难点】wear out意为“使疲乏;使厌倦;使耗尽”;wear down意为“使消瘦，使厌烦”;wear off意为“渐渐减少;消逝”;wear away意为“消磨，打发，虚度;(时光等)流逝”。

18. B)

【句意】这件事发生在我们居民区一个水果蔬菜摊前。

【难点】stand意为“摊位，摊子”;station意为“岗位”;joint意为“接合点，接合处”;lift意为“电梯”。

19. D)

【句意】任何语言学习的第一步都是观察和精确记录本族人说话时所使用的语言。 【难点】set down意为“写下，记录，记下”;set off意为“出发，动身”;set about意为“开始忙碌，着手工作”;set up意为“开办，建立，设立”。

20. A)

【句意】随着压力的增强，岩浆通过坚岩里的一些渠道被挤压到地球表面。 【难点】intensify意为“强化，增强”;magnify意为“放大，扩大”;heighten意为“增高，提高”，指高度;deviate意为“越轨，脱离”，常与from连用。

21. B)

【句意】波尔是个重残者掌握多种生存技能的典范。

【难点】proficient意为“熟练的，精通的”;efficient意为“效率高的，有能力的”;persistent意为“坚持不懈的，执着的”;transient意为“短暂的，转瞬即逝的”。

22. B)

【句意】谣言到处传播，传播恐惧，破坏名誉，把安定的局势搅得动荡不安。 【难点】turbulent意为“动荡的，混乱的”;tragic意为“悲剧的，写悲剧的”;vulnerable意为“易伤的，脆弱的”;vicious意为“邪恶的，堕落的”。

23. D)

【句意】我相信那句话起源于你昨天说的话。

【难点】originate意为“发源;来自;产生”，须与from连用;result“(作为结果)发生，产生”，后也可接from,但意义与本句不符;arise意为“产生，发生;出现”;come意为“来自;产生于”，也可接from,但意义仍与本句不符。

24. A)

【句意】她的葬礼在当地教堂举行。

【难点】funeral意为“葬礼，葬仪”;festival意为“节日”;farewell意为“辞别，告辞”;finish意为“终结，结束”。

25. C)

【句意】汤姆问妻子是怎样接待朋友的。

【难点】inquire意为“打听，询问”，后加宾语再加of或加从句，有时还和about连用;ask意为“问，询问，打听”，但后面不接of;question意为“审问，怀疑”;interrogate意为“讯问，质问”。

英语专四语法与词汇练习题20

1. The car was in good working__ when I bought it in a few months ago. A order B form C state D circumstance

2. In order to repair barns, build fences, grow crops, and care for animals a farmer must indeed be__.

A restless B skilled

C strong D versatile

3. The policemen went into action__ they heard the alarm. A promptly B presently C quickly D directly

4. He was __ to tell the truth even to his closed friend. A too much of a coward B too much the coward C a coward enough D enough of a coward

5. The team’s efforts to score were__ by the opposing goalkeeper. A frustrated B prevented C discouraged D accomplished 答案：1-5ADDAA

1.选A ① order作“状态”②form作“形态，形状，方式，外型” Which literary form do you like best? ③ state 状态，状况，情形The child was in a state of neglect. ④ circumstance情况，情形.

order和state的区别.state一般指思想,社会,道路,健康等情况.而这里的working order指的是机器,所以用order比较好.

2.选D ① versatile 多才多艺的 He is a versatile athlete. ② restless不安定的，焦虑的，烦躁的 Americans are historically a restless and mobile peo选项都是副词，但directly还可作连词，等同于as soon as，一……就……

3.选D 四个 of a 非常的…….(这个短语很重要一定要把这个例句背起来哦。) 4.选A muchple.而skilled相对versatile\多才多艺的\来说,versatile更恰当.这个句子主要强调的是一个农民的多种技能.这种题目很烦,之前我也搞不清楚.

5.选A frustrate 挫败，阻挠，使感到灰心.frustrate在郎文词典中第二条是这样解释的.to prevent sb’s plans, efforts or attempts from succeeding挫败,阻挠 Their attempts to speak to him were frustrated by the guards.没特定给人使用哦.

5.选A frustrate 挫败，阻挠，使感到灰心.frustrate在郎文词典中第二条是这样解释的.to prevent sb’s plans, efforts or attempts from succeeding挫败,阻挠 Their attempts to speak to him were frustrated by the guards.没特定给人使用哦.

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