(0174)欧洲文化入门复习思考题

（0174）《欧洲文化入门》复习思考题

I. Choose the most appropriate one for the following blanks.

1. Two major elements in European culture are ____. A. the Greek and Roman C. the Greco-Roman

B. the Judaism and Christianity D. A and B

2. ____ deals with the Trojan War (the Greek states led by Agamemnon in their war against the

city of Troy ). A. The Odyssey

B. The Iliad

C. Prometheus Bound D. Persians 3. The play Prometheus Bound was written by _____. A. Aeschylus C. Euripides

B. Aristophanes

D. Sophocles

4. The best writer of comedy of the ancient Greece was ____ , who is Father of Comedy. A. Euripides B. Aristophanes C. Sophocles D. Aeschylus 5. ____ was one of the earliest exponents of the atomic theory.

A. Home B. Heracleitue C. Democritus D. Socrates 6, ____by Plato is a book about the ideal state ruled by a philosopher but barring poets. A. Dialogues B. The Apology

C. The Republic D. Symposium

7. Dante called ____ “ the master of those who know”.

A, Aristotle B. Plato C. Socrates D. Archimedes 8. Euclid is even now well-known for his ____. A. Elements B. Poetics C. Ethics D. Politics 9. ____ has been a big subject for discussion among writers and artists. A, Discus Thrower C, Laocoon group

B, Venus de Milo

D, Parthenon

10. Herodotus , Father of History, wrote about the war between ____ . A. Athens and Sparta B. Athens and Syracuse C. Athens and Persians D. Greeks and Persians 11. It is _____ who was the founder of scientific mathematics. A. Heracleitus B. Aristotle C. Socrates

D. Pythagoras

12.Octavius took supreme power as emperor with the title of ____ in 27 B. C.. A. Rome B. Augustus C. The Roman Empire D. Pax Romana 13. The great epic, The Aeneid, was written by _____. A. Lucretius B. Virgil C. Julius Caesar

D. Cicero

14. The oldest and most important of the Old Testament of 39 books are the first five books, called ____.

A. Deuteronomy B. Exodus C. the Pentateuch D. Genesis 15. In ____ the Jews were carried away into the Babylonian Captivity(巴比伦之囚). A. 169 B. C.

B. 586 B. C.

C. 536 B. C.

D, 721 B.C.

16. The most important and influential of English Bible is ____, first published in 1611. A. The Septuagint B. The Vulgate C. Wycliff’s version D. Authorized version

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17. ____ is the oldest extant Greek translation of the Old Testament.

A. The Septuagint B. The Vulgate C. Wycliff’s version D. Authorized version

18. It is generally accepted that ____ and Shakespeare are two great reserviors of Modern English. A. the Bible B. the English Bible C. the New Testament A. Greco-Roman, Christianity C. Greek, Roman

D. the Old Testament B. classical, Christian

D. classical, Hebrew

19. The Middle Ages is a period in which _____ , _____ and Gothic heritages merged.

20. The centre of medieval life under feudalism was _____.

A. knighthood B. the manor C. the Church D. polis 21. In 1054, the Christian Church was divided into ____ and the Eastern Orthodox Church. A. Christianity C. the Roman Catholic Church

B. the Roman Church D. the Western Catholic

22. _____ by Aquinas forms an enormous system and sums up all the knowledge of medieval theology.

A. Summa Theologica B. Summa Contra Gentiles C. Opus maius D. Beowulf 23. The Anglo-Saxon epic ____ originated from the collective effort of oral literature. A. Song of Roland C. Beowulf

B. the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles. D. the Divine Comedy

24. Generally speaking, Renaissance refers to the period between ____. A. the 13th and 15th centuries B. the 14th and mid-17th century C. the 15th and 16th centuries D. the 14th and 16th centuries 25. ____ is the essence of the Renaissance.

A. The revival of interest in ancient Greek and Roman culture B. Attempts to get rid of conservatism

C. The flowering of paintings, sculpture and architecture

D. Humanism 26. Fracesco Petrarch, the author of ____, is known as Father of Humanism. A. the Decameron C. David

B.Canzoniers

D. Sleeping Venus

27. After Reformation, _____ came into being. A. Christianity B. Calvinism C. Lutheranism 28. Which was NOT true about Durer? C, Never being to Italy 29. Father of modern astronomy is ____. A. Da Vinci C. Nicolaus Copernicus

D. Protestantism

A, The leader of the Renaissance in Germany B, A master of woodcut

D, A follower of Martin Luther

B. Amerigo Vespucci D. Marchiavelli

30. Vasari was best known for his entertaining biographies of _____.

A. Fabrica B. Prince C. the Divine Comedy D. Lives of the Artists

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31. _____’s theories have given rise to important developments of modern science, ranging from Freudian psychology to Einsteinian physics. A. Galileo Galilei B. Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz C. Sir Isaac Newton D. Johannes Kepler 32. In the first _____ , Locke flatly rejected the theory of divine right of kings. A. the Advancement of Learning

B. the New Atlantis

C. Essay Concerning human Understanding

D. Treatise of Civil Government

33. Thomas Hobbes’s _____ is one of the most celebrated political treatises in European literature. A. Leviathan

B. the Advancement of Learning

C. Essay Concerning human Understanding

D. Treatise of Civil Government 34. The theme of _____ is the fall of men. A. New Method

B. Treatise of Civil Government

C. Essay Concerning human Understanding D. Paradise Lost 35. _____ was the best representative dramatist of French classical comedies. A. Corneille B. Racine C. Molière D. Descartes 36. Which of the following artists helped to gring the Roman Baroque style to its climax? A. Rubens B. Bernini C. Borromini D. Caravaggio 37. Whose doctrines of the separation of powers became one of the most important principles of the U.S.constitution? ______

A. John Locke B. Rousseau C. Voltaire D. Montesquieu

38. In which of Diderot’s works, the author developed his materialist philosophy and fore-shadowed the doctrine of evolutions as later proposed by Charles Darwin? ______ A. Philosophical Thoughts B. Rameau’s Nephew C. Elements of Physiology D. Encyclopedie 39. _____ , novelist, is often called the founder of English domestic novel.

A. Walter Scott B. Henry Fielding C. Samuel Johnson D. Samuel Richardson 40. Which of the Lessing’s works was a landmark in the 18th-century German drama? _____ A. Minna Von Barnhelm B. Laocoon C. Hamburgische Dramaturgie D. Nathan the Wise

41. In _____ , Goethe draws on a immense variety of cultural material. It is not only his own masterpiece but the greatest work of German literature. A. the Sorrow of Young Werther C. Wilhelm Meister’s Travels A. The Robbers C. Cabal and Love

B. Faust

D. Poetry and Truth

42. Among Schiller’s works, _____ was a play best known to the Chinese audience.

B. Wallenstein

D. Wilhelm Tell

43. Kant’s years of his philosophical studies are crystalized in three difficult books; among them ,_____ was the most important single book by any modern pholosopher. A. General History of Nature and Theory of the Heavens B. Critique of Practical Reason C. Critiquue of Judgement D. Critique of Pure Reason

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44. It has been said that “ the world had waited centuries for _____ and he was only to remain here a moment”.

A. Beethoven B. Haydn C. Mozart D. Bach

45. Which of the following writers or poets is usually called the father of European historical novel? ______. A. Goethe

B. Victor Hugo

C. Daniel Defoe

D. Walter Scott

46. In 1798, _______, a volume of poems by Wordsworth and Coleridge, made literary history. A. Songs of Experience B. Lyrical Ballads C. Isles of Greece

D. Ode to the West Wind

47. Which of the following Romantic writers ever fought for women’s freedom in love and marriage? _____ A. George Sand C. Daniel Defoe

B. Victor Hugo

D. Henry Fielding

48. ______ stood in the van of the Romantic movement in Russia, ______ is generally recognized as his masterpiece.

A. Lermontov, A Hero of Our Time B. Pushkin, Luslan and Liudmila C. Pushkin, Boris Godunov D. Pushkin, Eugene Onegin

49. The publication of Mickiewicz’s _____ is uaually taken as the beginning of Romanticism in Polish literature.

A. Sonnets from the Crimea

B. Konrad Wallenrod

C. Ballads and Ramances D. Pan Tadeusz

50. Beethoven’s _____ is a choral symphony, choosing as a text for the finale Shiller’s Ode to Joy. A. Symphony No. 3 B. Symphony No. 5 C. Symphony No. 6 D. Symphony No. 9 51. _____ sought to revolutionize the opera by making it a combination of the arts: dramatic, musical, and scenic.

A. Berlioz B. Chopin C. Wagner D. Verdi 52. Based on _____ , Marx and Engels developed their own dialectical materialism. A. the German classical philosophy B. the English classical political economy C. the Utopian Socialism D. the Manifesto of the Communist Party

53. Just as Darwin discovered the law of development of _____, so Marx discovered the law of development of _____.

A. the survival of the fittest, the communist party B. the natural selection, the scientific socialism C. organic nature, human history

D. natural species, historical societies

54. In 1858 Darwin received a letter from _____, who, working independently, also came to the conclusion concerning the origin of the species by means of natural selection. A. John Stevens Henslow C. Thomas Huxley

B. Charles Lyell

D. Alfred Russel Wallace

55. Zola defined the theory of _____ and illustrated it in his great work entitled _____. A. naturalism, Les Rougen-Macquarts B. naturalism, Madame Bovary C. realism, the Human Comedy D. realism, the Charterhouse of Parma

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56. ____ was the first master of fiction in Russia to leave romantic conventions and go to life for his subjects.

A. Nikolai Gogol B. Ivan Sergeyevich Turgenev C. Fyodor Dostoyevsky D. Count Leo Tolstoy

57. _____ holds an important position in his own country’s cultural history as an ethical philosopher and religious reformer. A. Nikolai Gogol

B. Ivan Sergeyevich Turgenev

C. Fyodor Dostoyevsky D. Count Leo Tolstoy 58. Among Ibsen’s masterpieces, _____ is a plea for the emancipation of women. A. Ghosts

B. A Doll’s House

C. the Wild Duck D. Hedda Gabler 59. Among Charles Dickens’s works, _____ has the most intricate, complicated plot. A. Oliver Twist C. David Copperfield

B. Hard Times

D. Bleak House

60. _____, George Eliot’s masterpiece, is regarded by some critics as the finest English novel of the 19th century.

A. Middlemarch B. The Mill on the Floss C. Adam Bede D. Silas Marner

61. The term “ impressionism” was taken directly from the title of _____ Impressionism: Sunrise (1872).

A. Renoir’s B. Pissarro’s

C. Manet’s

D. Monet’s

62. _____ was particularly good at doing portraits of ballet dancers in opera houses. A. Renoir B. Degas C. Monet D. Pissarro

63. ______ reacted against impressionism by using color to suggest his own emoyion and temperament.

A. Paul Cézanne B. Paul Gauguin C. Vincent van Gogh

D. Auguste Rodin

64. In Freudian system, _____ is the container of the instrinctual urges. A. Id B. Ego C. Superego D. Oedipus Comlex 65. T.S. Eliot’s long poem _____ is his major contibution to English poetry. A. the Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock C. the Waste Land

B. Four Quartets

D. imagism

66. _____ by James Joyce is considered his most mature work and the single best fiction ever written since the beginning of the 20th century.

A. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man B. Dubliners C. Finnegans Wake D. Ulysses play Look Back in Anger (1956). A. John Osborne’s C. Allen Ginsberg’s poetry.

A. John Osborne’s C. Allen Ginsberg’s

67. The term “ Angry Young Man” came to be widely used only after the publication of _____

B. Kingsley Amis’s

D. Jack Kerouac’s

68. _____ poem Howl, written in 1956, was regardedas an important development in American

B. Kingsley Amis’s

D. Jack Kerouac’s

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