常用的法律英语术语

常用的法律英语术语 draft 法案，草案 Government bill 政府议案

to pass a bill, to carry a bill 通过议案 to enact a law, to promulgate a law 颁布法律 ratification, confirmation 批准 law enforcement 法律的实施 to come into force 生效 decree 法令 clause 条款 minutes 备忘录 report 判例汇编 codification 法律汇编 legislation 立法 legislator 立法者 jurist 法学家 jurisprudence 法学 legitimation 合法化

legality, lawfulness 法制，合法 legal, lawful 合法的,依法的

to contravene a law, to infringe a law, to break a law 违法 outlaw, outside the law 超出法律范围的 offender 罪犯 to abolish 废止，取消

rescission, annulment 废除，取消 repeal, revocation, annulment 废除(法律) cancellation, annulment, invalidation 废除(合同) cancellation (支票)作废 annulment 撤消(遗嘱) repeal rescission 撤消(判决) revocation 撤消 immunity 豁免，豁免权

disability, legal incapacity 无资格 nonretroactive character 不溯既往性 prescription 剥夺公权

attainder 公民权利的剥夺和财产的没收 constitutional law 宪法 canon law 教会法规 common law 习惯法 criminal law 刑法 administrative law 行政法

civil law 民法

commercial law, mercantile law 商法 law of nations 万国公法，国际法 international law 国际法 natural law 自然法 labour laws 劳工法 fiscal law 财政法

Civil Suit Law, Code of civil law 民事诉讼法 Criminal Law 刑事诉讼法 Military Law 军法 Conscript Law 兵役法 Copyright Law 著作权法 penal code 刑法典

code of mercantile law 商法典 civil rights 民事权利，公民权利 right of asylum 避难权

human rights, rights of man 人权 (customs) duties 关税 death duty, death tax 遗产税 royalties 版税

ratification, confirmation 批准 law enforcement 法律的实施 to come into force 生效 decree 法令 clause 条款 minutes 备忘录 report 判例汇编 codification 法律汇编

legislation 立法 legislator 立法者 jurist 法学家 jurisprudence 法学 legitimation 合法化

legality, lawfulness 法制，合法 legal, lawful 合法的,依法的

to contravene a law, to infringe a law, to break a law 违法 outlaw, outside the law 超出法律范围的 offender 罪犯 to abolish 废止，取消

rescission, annulment 废除，取消 repeal, revocation, annulment 废除(法律) cancellation, annulment, invalidation 废除(合同) cancellation (支票)作废 annulment 撤消(遗嘱) repeal rescission 撤消(判决) revocation 撤消 immunity 豁免，豁免权

disability, legal incapacity 无资格 nonretroactive character 不溯既往性 prescription 剥夺公权

attainder 公民权利的剥夺和财产的没收 constitutional law 宪法 canon law 教会法规 common law 习惯法 criminal law 刑法 administrative law 行政法 civil law 民法

commercial law, mercantile law 商法 law of nations 公法，国际法 international law 国际法 natural law 自然法 labour laws 劳工法 fiscal law 财政法

Civil Suit Law, Code of civil law 民事诉讼法 Criminal Law 刑事诉讼法 Military Law 军法

Conscript Law 兵役法 Copyright Law 著作权法 penal code 刑法典

code of mercantile law 商法典 civil rights 民事权利，公民权利 right of asylum 避难权

human rights, rights of man 人权 (customs) duties 关税 death duty, death tax 遗产税 royalties 版税 案件 case

案件发回 remand/rimit a case （to a low court） 案件名称 title of a case 案卷材料 materials in the case 案情陈述书 statement of case

案外人 person other than involved in the case 案值 total value involved in the case 败诉方 losing party

办案人员 personnel handling a case

保全措施申请书 application for protective measures 报案 report a case （to security authorities） 被告 defendant; the accused

被告人最后陈述 final statement of the accused 被告向原告第二次答辩 rejoinder

被害人 victim

被害人的诉讼代理人 victim's agent ad litem 被上诉人 respondent; the appellee 被申请人 respondent

被申请执行人 party against whom execution is filed 被执行人 person subject to enforcement 本诉 principal action

必要共同诉讼人 party in necessary co-litigation 变通管辖 jurisdiction by accord 辩护 defense

辩护律师 defense attorney/lawyer 辩护人 defender

辩护证据 exculpatory evidence; defense evidence 辩论阶段 stage of court debate

驳回反诉 dismiss a counterclaim; reject a counterclaim 驳回请求 deny/dismiss a motion

驳回上诉、维持原判 reject/dismiss the appeal and sustain the original judgement/ruling

驳回诉讼 dismiss an action/suit 驳回通知书 notice of dismissal

驳回自诉 dismiss/reject a private prosecution

驳回自诉裁定书 ruling of dismissing private-prosecuting case 补充答辩 supplementary answer 补充判决 supplementary judgement 补充侦查 supplementary investigation 不公开审理 trial in camera

不立案决定书 written decision of no case-filing

不批准逮捕决定书 written decision of disapproving an arrest 不起诉 nol pros

不予受理起诉通知书 notice of dismissal of accusation by the court

财产保全申请书 application for attachment; application for property preservation 裁定 order; determination （指最终裁定） 裁定管辖 jurisdiction by order 裁定书 order; ruling 裁决书 award

采信的证据 admitted evidence 查封 seal up

撤回上诉 withdraw appeal 撤诉 withdraw a lawsuit

撤销立案 revoke a case placed on file

撤销原判，发回重审 rescind the original judgement and remand the case ro the original court for retrial 出示的证据 exhibit

除权判决 invalidating judgement （for negotiable instruments） 传唤 summon; call 传闻证据 hearsay 答辩 answer; reply

答辩陈述书 statement of defence 答辩状 answer; reply

大法官 associate justices; justice 大检察官 deputy chief procurator 代理控告 agency for accusation 代理申诉 agency for appeal 代理审判员 acting judge

代为申请取保候审 agency for application of the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving

弹劾式诉讼 accusatory procedure 当事人陈述 statement of the parties

当庭宣判 pronouncement of judgement or sentence in court 地区管辖 territorial jurisdiction

地区检察分院 inter-mediate People's Procuratorate 第三人 third party

调查笔录 record of investigation

定期宣判 pronouncement of judgement or sentence later on a fixed date 定罪证据 incriminating evidence; inculpatory evidence 冻结 freeze

督促程序 procedure of supervision and urge 独任庭 sole-judge bench 独任仲裁员 sole arbitrator

对妨碍民事诉讼的强制措施 compulsory measures against impairment of civil action

对席判决 judgement inter parties 二审 trial of second instance

二审案件 case of trial of second insurance 罚款 impose a fine

法定证据 statutory legal evidence 法定证据制度 system of legal evidence 法官 judges

法警 bailiff; court police

法律文书 legal instruments/papers 法律援助 legal aid 法律咨询 legal consulting 法庭辩论 court debate 法庭调查 court investigation 法庭审理笔录 court record 法庭审理方式 mode of court trial 法庭庭长 chief judge of a tribunal 法院 court

法院公告 court announcement 反诉 counterclaim

反诉答辩状 answer with counterclaim 反诉状 counterclaim 犯罪嫌疑人 criminal suspect

附带民事诉讼案件 a collateral civil action

附带民事诉讼被告 defendant of collateral civil action 复查 reexamination; recheck 复验 reinspect 高级法官 senior judge 高级检察官 senior procurator 高级人民法院 Higher People's Court 告诉案件 case of complaint

告诉才处理的案件 case accepted at complaint 告诉申诉庭 complaint and petition division 工读学校 work-study school for delinquent children 公安部 Ministry of Public Security 公安分局 public security sub-bureau

公安厅 public security bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government 公开审理 trial in public 公开审判制度 open trial system

公示催告程序 procedure of public summons for exhortation 公诉案件 public-prosecuting case 公诉词 statement of public prosecution 公证机关 public notary office 共同管辖 concurrent jurisdiction 管辖 jurisdiction

国际司法协助 international judicial assistance 海事法院 maritime court 合议庭 collegial panel

合议庭评议笔录 record of deliberating by the collegiate bench

和解 composition; compromise

核对诉讼当事人身份 check identity of litigious parties 恢复执行 resumption of execution 回避 withdrawal

混合式诉讼 mixed action

基层人民法院 basic People's Court 羁押期限 term in custody

级别管辖 subject matter jurisdiction of courts at different levels 监视居住 living at home under surveillance 监狱 prison 检察官 procurator

检察权 prosecutorial power

检察委员会 procuratorial/prosecutorial committee 检察院 procuratorate

检察院派出机构 outpost tribunal of procuratorate 简易程序 summary procedure 鉴定结论 expert conclusion 经济审判庭 economic tribunal

径行判决 direct adjudication without sessions; judgement without notice 纠问式诉讼 inquisitional proceedings 拘传 summon by force; summon by warrant 拘留所 detention house

举报 information/report of an offence 举证责任 burden of proof; onus probandi 决定书 decision

军事法院 military procuratorate 开庭审理 open a court session 开庭通知 notice of court session 勘验笔录 record of inquest 看守所 detention house

可执行财产 executable property 控告式诉讼 accusatory proceedings 控诉证据 incriminating evidence 控诉职能 accusation function 扣押 distrain on; attachment 扣押物 distress/distraint 宽限期 period of grace

劳动争议仲裁申请书 petition for labor dispute arbitration 劳改场 reform-through-labor farm 劳教所 reeducation-through-labor office

类推判决的核准程序 procedure for examination and approval of analogical sentence

累积证据 cumulative evidence 立案报告 place a case on file 立案管辖 functional jurisdiction

立案决定书 written decision of case-filing 立案侦查 report of placing a case on file 利害关系人 interested party 临时裁决书 interim award

律师见证书 lawyer's written attestation; lawyer's written authentication 律师事务所 law office; law firm

律师提前介入 prior intervention by lawyer 免于刑事处分 exemption from criminal penalty 民事案件 civil case 民事审判庭 civil tribunal 民事诉讼 civil action

民事诉讼法 Civil Procedural Law

扭送 seize and deliver a suspect to the police 派出法庭 detached tribunal 派出所 police station

判决 judgement; determination

判决书 judgement; determination; verdict （指陪审团作出的） 旁证 circumstantial evidence 陪审员 juror

批准逮捕 approval of arrest

破案 clear up a criminal case; solve a criminal case 破产 bankruptcy; insolvency 普通程序 general/ordinary procedure 普通管辖 general jurisdiction

企业法人破产还债程序 procedure of bankruptcy and liquidation of a business corporation

起诉 filing of a lawsuit

起诉 sue; litigate; prosecute; institution of proceedings 起诉状 indictment; information

区县检察院 grassroots People's Procuratorate

取保候审 the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving 缺席判决 default judgement

人民调解委员会 People's Mediation Committee

认定财产无主案件 cases concerning determination of property as qwnerless 认定公民无民事行为能力、限制民事行为能力案件cases concerning determination of a citizen as incompetent or with limited disposing capacity 上诉 appeal 上诉人 appellant

上诉状 petition for appeal 少管所 juvenile prison

社会治安综合治理 comprehensive treatment of social security 涉外案件 cases involving foreign interests 涉外民事诉讼 foreign civil proceedings 涉外刑事诉讼 foreign criminal proceedings 申请人 applicant; petitioner

申请书 petition; application for arbitration 申请执行人 execution applicant

申诉人宣誓书 claimant's affidavit of authenticity 申诉书 appeal for revision; petition for revision 神示证据制度 system of divinity evidence 神示制度 ordeal system 审查案件 case review

审查并决定逮捕 examine and decide arrest 审查起诉阶段 stage of review and prosecution 审理通知书 notice of hearing 审判长 presiding judge

审判长宣布开庭 presiding judge announce court in session 审判管辖 adjudgement/trial jurisdiction 审判监督程序 procedure for trial supervision 审判委员会 judicial committee 审判员 judge

审问式诉讼 inquisitional proceedings

生效判决裁定 legally effective judgement/order 胜诉方 winning party

省市自治区检察院 higher People's Procuratorate 失踪和死亡宣告 declaration of disappearance and death 实（质）体证据 substantial evidence 实物证据 tangible evidence 实在证据 real evidence

示意证据 demonstrative evidence 视听证据 audio-visual evidence 收容所 collecting post; safe retreat 首席大法官 chief justice 首席检察官 chief procurator

受害人的近亲属 victim's immediate family

受理 acceptance

受理刑事案件审批表 registration form of acceptance of criminal case 受送达人 the addressee 书记员 court clerk

书记员宣读法庭纪律 court clerk reads court rules 书证 documentary evidence 司法部 Ministry of Justice 司法机关 judicial organizatons 司法警察 judicial police 司法局 judicial bureau

司法厅 judicial bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions, and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government 司法协助 judicial assistance

死缓的复核 judicial review of death sentence with a retrieve 死刑复核程序 procedure for judicial review of death sentence 死刑复核权 competence for judicial review of death sentence 送达 service of process

送达传票 service of summons/subpoena 送达诉状 service of bill of complaint 搜查 search

诉 sue; suit; action; lawsuit

诉前财产保全 property attachment prior to lawsuit 诉讼 litigation; lawsuit; sue; action 诉讼保全 attachment

诉讼参加人 litigious participants 诉讼代理人 agent ad litem

诉状 complaint; bill of complaint; state of claim 特别程序 special procedures

提起公诉 institute a public prosecution 铁路法院 railway court

铁路检察院 railroad transport procuratorate 庭审程序 procedure of court trial 通缉 wanted for arrest 投案 appearance

退回补充侦查 return of a case for supplementary investigation 委托辩护 entrusted defense 未成年人法庭 juvenile court 无行政职务的法官 associate judge

无正当理由拒不到庭 refuse to appear in court without due cause 无罪判决 acquittal, finding of “ not guilty ” 物证 material evidence

先予执行申请书 application for advanced execution 先予执行 advanced execution 刑事案件 criminal case 刑事拘留 criminal detention

刑事强制拘留 criminal coercive/compulsory measures 刑事审判庭 criminal tribunal 刑事诉讼 criminal proceedings 刑事诉讼法 Criminal Procedural Law

刑事自诉状 self-incriminating criminal complaint 行政案件 administrative case 行政审判庭 administrative tribunal 行政诉讼 administrative proceedings 行政诉讼法 Administrative Procedural Law

宣告失踪、宣告死亡案件 cases concerning the declaration of disappearance and death

宣判笔录 record of rendition of judgement

选民资格案件 cases concerning qualifications of voters 询问证人 inquire/question a witness 训诫 reprimand

讯问笔录 record of interrogation

询问犯罪嫌疑人 interrogate criminal suspect 言词证据 verbal evidence

要求传唤证人申请书 application for subpoena 一裁终局 arbitration award shall be final and binding 一审 trial of first instance

一审案件 case of trial of first instance 应诉通知书 notice of respondence to action 有罪判决 sentence; finding of “guilty” 予审 preliminary examinantion; pretrial 原告 plaintiff 院长 court president

阅卷笔录 record of file review （by lawyers） 再审案件 case of retrial 再审申请书 petition for retrial

责令具结悔过 order to sign a statement of repentance 债权人会议 creditors' meeting 侦查阶段 investigation stage 侦查终结 conclusion of investigation

征询原、被告最后意见 consulting final opinion of the plaintiff and defendant 证据 evidence

证据保全 preserve evidence

证据保全申请书 application for evidence preservation 证人证言 testimony of witness; affidavit 支付令 payment order/warrant

知识产权庭 intellectual property tribunal 执行程序 procedure execution 执行逮捕 execution of arrest 执行和解 conciliation of execution 执行回转 recovery of execution

执行庭 executive tribunal 执行异议 objection to execution 执行员 executor

执行中止 discontinuance of execution 执行终结 conclusion of execution 指定辩护 appointed defense

指定仲裁员声明 statement of appointing arbitrator 中级人民法院 intermediate People's Court

中途退庭 retreat during court session without permission 仲裁 arbitration

仲裁被诉人 respondent; defendant 仲裁裁决 award 仲裁申请书 arbitration 仲裁申诉人 claimant; plaintiff 仲裁庭 arbitration tribunal 仲裁委员会 arbitration committee

仲裁协议 arbitration agreement; clauses of arbitration 仲裁员 arbitrator

主诉检察官 principal procurator 助理检察官 assistant procurator 助理审判员 assistant judge 专门法院 special court 专门管辖 specific jurisdiction 专属管辖 exclusive jurisdiction

追究刑事责任 investigate for criminal responsibility 自首 confession to justice 自诉案件 private-prosecuting case 自行辩护 self-defense

自由心证制度 doctrine of discretional evaluation of evidence 自侦案件 self-investigating case

最高人民法院 the Supreme People's Court

最高人民检察院 the Supreme People's Procuratorate 最后裁决书 final award

A

a law 法规,法例

argumentative question 争论性的问题 attempt 企图a abate 降低,减少,排除 abduct 拐骗,诱拐 abortion 堕胎 abscond 潜逃,逃跑 absolve 宣告无罪 abstract 摘要

abuse (people) 虐待,辱骂 abuse (power) 滥用权利 abuse (office) 滥用职权 acceptance of bribes 受贿 accessory 从犯 accident 事故,意外 accomplice 共犯,帮凶

accord and satisfaction 和解与清偿

according to law 按照法律,依照法律,与法律一致 accusation 指控,控告 accused 被告 acquittal 宣告无罪 act of Congress 国会法案 act of God 不可抗力,天灾 adjudication 判决,裁定

admitted into evidence 接收为证据

admissible evidence 可接纳的证据 admission 供认,招认

adoption 收养,领养,认养;采用,接纳 Adult Probation and Parole 成人缓刑与假释 adultery 通奸

advisement of rights 权利告诫 advocate (n) 辩护人 advocate (v) 辩护;倡导 affiant 宣誓人,立誓词人

affidavit 宣誓书,经宣誓的书面陈述 affirm 确认,(上诉院)维持原判 aggravated 加重的

aggravated circumstances 增加严重性的情节 agreement 协议

aid and abet 协谋,教唆,帮凶 aiding escape 协助逃跑 aiding prostitution 协助卖淫 alias 别名,化名,假名 alibi 不在现场的证据 alien 外侨,侨民

alimony (付给前配偶的)赡养费 allegation 指称,指控

alleged thief 被指称为窃贼的人 allocution 认罪供词,自白供词 amnesty 大赦 ancillary 附属的

animal control officer 动物检疫人员 animal cruelty 虐畜罪

anticompetitive practices 防止竞争措施 antitrust act 反托拉斯法案,发信托案

appeal 上诉 appearance 出庭 appellate court 上诉法庭 applicability 可适应性 appoint 指定,委派,委任 appraisal 估价

aquatic wildlife 野生水中动物,鱼类 arbitration 仲裁,公断 argument 争辩,辩论 arm of the law 法律的权利 armed robbery 持械抢劫 arraignment 提审,提讯,提堂,过堂 arraignment hearing 提讯听证 arrest 逮捕,拘捕

arrest on suspicion 因有疑而被捕 arrest warrant 逮捕证,通缉令 arresting officer 执行逮捕的警员 arsenal 弹药库,枪械库 arson 纵火罪 ascertain 确定,查明 aspersion 中伤,诽谤 assassin 刺客,暗杀凶手 assailant 攻击者 assault 攻击

assault and battery 殴打罪,伤害人身罪 assess 估价,征收 assets 资产 asylum 庇护 atrocity 暴行

attempted crime 犯罪未遂

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