2013年职称英语等级考试(理工类A级)真题

2013年职称英语等级考试（理工类A级）真题

一、词汇选择

第1题： The rules are too rigid to allow for human error.

A. inflexible B.general plex D.direct

第2题： This species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed.

A. turned dead B.passed by C.carried away D.become extinct

第3题： The contract between the two companies will expire soon.

A. shorten B.end C.start D.resume

第4题： Three world-class tennis players came to contend for this title.

A. argue B.claim C.wish pete

第5题： The methods of communication used during the war were primitive.

A. simple B．Reliable C. effective D.alternative

第6题： Respect for life is a cardinal principle of the law.

A. moral B.regular C.fundamental D.hard

第7题： The drinking water has became contaminated with lead.

A. polluted B.treated c.tested D.corrupted

第8题： Come out, or I'll bust the door down.

A. shut B.set C.break D.beat

第9题： She shed a few tears at her daughter's wedding.

A. wiped B.inj ected c.produced D.removed

第10题： They didn't seem to appreciate the magnitude of the problem.

A. existence B.importance C.cause D.situation

第11题： The tower remains intact even after two hundred years.

A. unknown B.unusual C.undamaged D.unstable

第12题： Many experts remain skeptical about his claims.

A. doubtful B.untouched C.certain D.silent

第13题： The proposal was endorsed by the majority of members.

A. rejected B.submitted C.considered D.approved

第14题： Rumors began to circulate about his financial problems.

A. send B.spread C.hear D.confirm

第15题： The police will need to keep a wary eye on this area of town.

A. naked B.cautious C.blind D.private

二、阅读判断

第16题： New Understanding of Natural Silk's Mysteries Natural silk as we all know, has a strength that man-made materials havc long struggled to match. In a discovery that sounds morc like an ancient Chinese proverb than a materials science break- through, MIT rescarchers have discovered that silk gets its strength from its

weakness. Or, more spe- cifically, its many weaknesses. Silk gets its extraordinary durability and ductility（柔韧性）from an un- usual arrangement of hydrogen bonds that are intrinsically very weak but that work together to create a strong, flexible structure. Most materials-especially the ones we engineer for strength- -get their toughness from brittleness. As such, natural silks like those produced by spiders have long fascinated both biologists and engineers because of their light weight, ductility and high strcngth (pound for pound, silk is stronger than stecl and far less brit- tle). But on its face, it doesn't seem that silks should be as strong as they are; molecularly, they are held to- gether by hydrogen bonds, which are far weaker than the covalent(共价的)bonds found in other molecules. To get a better

understanding of how silk manages to produce such strength through such weak bonds, the MIT team created a set of computer models that allowed them to observe the way silk be- haves at the atomic level. They found that the arrangement of the tiny silk nanocrystals（纳米晶体）1S such that the hydrogen bonds are able to work

cooperatively, reinforcing one another against external forces and failing slowly when they do fail, so as not to allow a sudden fracture to spread across a silk structure. The result is natural silks that can stretch and bend while retaining a high degree of strength. But whilc that's all well and good for spiders, bees and the like, this understanding of silk geometry could lead to new materials that are stronger and more ductile than those we can currently manufacture. ()ur best and

strongest materials are generally expensive and difficult to produce (requiring high tempera- ture treatments or cnergy-intensive processes). By looking to silk as a model, researchers could potentially devise new manufacturing methods that rely on inexpensive mlaterials and weak bonds to create less rigid, morc forgiving materials that are nonetheless strongcr than anything currcntly on offer. And if you thought you were going to get out of this matcrials science story without hearing about carbon nanotubes（纳米碳管），think again. The MIT team is already in the lab

looking into ways of synthesizing silk-like structures out of materi- als that are stronger than natural silk-likc carbon nanotubes. Super-silks are on the horizon. 1小题>、 MIT researchers carry out the study to illustrate an ancient Chinesc

proverb. A. Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned

2小题>、 Silk's strength comcs from its weak hydrogen bonds working togethcr. A. Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned

3小题>、 Biologist and engineers are interestcd in understanding natural silks because they are very light and brittle. A. Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioncd

4小题>、 lf the hydrogen bonds break due to external forces, they break fast. A.

Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned

5小题>、 The MIT team had tried different materials befoie they studied natural silk in their research. A. Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned

6小题>、 Carbon nanotubes are currently the most popular topic in materials science.

A. Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned

7小题>、 It is indicated that materials strongcr than natural silk can be expected in the future. A. Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned

三、概括大意与完成句子

第17题： Black Holes 1. Black holes can be best described as a sort of

vacuum,sucking up everything in space. Scientists have discovered that black holes comle from an cxplosion of huge stars. Stars that are near death can no longer burn due to loss of fuel,and because its temperature can no longer control the

gravitational(重 力的)force,hydrogen ends up putting pressure onto the star's

surface until it suddenly explodes then collapses. 2. Black holes come from stars that are made of hydrogen,other gases and a few metals. When thesc explode it can turn into a stellar-mass（恒星质量）black hole,which can only occur if the star is largc enough(should be bigger than the sun) for the explosion to break it into

pieces,and the gravity starts to compact every piece into the tiniest particle. Try to see and compare:if a star that's ten times the size of the sun ends up being a black hole that's no longer than 70 kilometers,then the Earth would become a black hole that's only a fraction of an inch! 3. Objects that get sucked in a black hole will always remain there,never to break free. But re- membcr that black holes can only gobble up（吞噬）objects within a specific distance to it.It's possible for a large star near the sun to become a black hole,but the sun will continue to stay in place. Orbits （轨道）do not changc because the newly formed black hole contains exactly the same amount of mass as when it was a star,only this time its mass is totally contractcd that it can end up as no bigger than a state. 4. So

far,astronomcrs have figured OLit that black holes exist because of Albert

Einstein's theory of relativity. In the end,through numerous studies,thcy have discovered that black holes truly exist. Since black holes trap light and do not give off light,it is nearly impossible to detect black holes via a tclcscope. 13ut astronomers continue to study galaxies（银河系）,space and the solar system to under- stand hc)w black holes might evolve. It is possible that black hole.s can exist for millions of years,and later contribute to a bigger process in

galaxies,which can eventually lead to creation of new entities. Scicntists also

credit black holes as helpful in learning how galaxies began to form. 下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1~4段每段选择1个最佳标题；(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。 A.Is there proof that black holes really exist? B. What are different types of black holes? C. How are black holes formed? D. How were black holes named? E. What happens to the objects around a black hole? F. What are black holes made of?

1小题>、 23. Paragrahp1

2小题>、 24. Paragrahp2

3小题>、 25. Paragrahp3

4小题>、 26. Paragrahp4

5小题>、 A. the creation of new entities B. an explosion of huge.stars C. the

tiniest particle D. the same amount of mass E. the existence of black holes F. a fraction of an inch 27. Black holes are formed after

6小题>、 28. When a large star explodes, the gravity compacts every piece into 7小题>、 29. A newly formed black hole and the star it comes from are of

8小题>、 30. Albert Einstein's theory of relativity helps to prove

四、阅读理解

第18题： 第一篇 Forecasting Methods There are several different methods that can be used to create a forecast. The method forecastcr chooses depends upon the experience of the forecaster, the amount of information available to the fore- caster, the

level of difficulty that the forecast situation presents, and the degree of accuracy or confi- dence needed in the forecast. The first of these methods is the

persistence method; the simplest way of producing a forecast. The persistence method assumes that the conditions at the time of the forecast will not change. For ex- ample, if it is sunny and 87 degree today, the persistence method predicts that it will be sunny and 87 degree tomorrow. If two inches of rain fell today, the

persistence method would predict two inches of rain for tomorrow. However9 if

weather conditions change significantly from day to day, the persist- ence method usually breaks down and is not the best forecasting method to use. The trends method involves determining the speed and direction of movement for fronts, high and low pressure centers, and areas of clouds and precipitation（降水量）.Using this

information, the forecaster can predict where he or she expects those features to be at some future time. For example, if a storm system is l, OOO miles west of your location and moving to the east at 250 miles per day, using the trends method you would predict it to arrive in your area in 4 davs. The trends method works well when systems continue to move at the same speed in the same direction for a long period of time. If they slow down, speed up, change intensi- ty, or change direction9 the trends forecast will probably not work as well. The climatology(气候学)method is

another simple way of producing a forecast. this method inP volves averaging weather statistics accumulated over many years to make the forecast. For example, if you were using the climatology method to predict the weather for New York City on July 4th, you would go through all the weather data that has been recorded for every July 4th and take an average. The climatology method only works well when the weather pattern is similar to that expected for the chosen time of year. If the pattern is quite unusual for the given time of year, the climatology method will often fail. The analog method is a slightly more complicated method of producing a forecast. It involves ex- amining today's forecast scenario(模式) and remembering a day in the past when the weather scenario looked very similar (an analog). The forecaster would predict that the weather in this forecast will be- have the same as it did in the past. The analog method is difficult to use because it is virtually impossi- ble to find a predict analog. Various weather features rarely align themselves in the same

locations they were in the previous time. Even small differences between the current time and the analog can lead to very different results.

1小题>、 Which of the following factors is Not mentioned in choosing a forecasting method? A. Necessary amount of information. B. Degree of difficulty involved in forecasting. C. Practical knowledge of the forecaster. D. Creativity of the

forecaster.

2小题>、 The persistence method fails to work well when A. it is rainy. B. it is sunny. C. weather conditions stay stable. D. weather conditions change greatly. 3小题>、 The trends method works well when A. weather features are constant for a long period of time. B. weather features are defined well enough. C. predictions on precipitation are accurate. D. the speed and direction of movement are predictable. 4小题>、 The analog method should not be used in making a weather forecahst when A. the analog looks complicated. B. the current weather scenario is different from the analog. C. the analog is more than 10 years old. D. the current weather scenario is exactly the same as the analog.

5小题>、 Historical weather data are necessary in A. the persistence method and the trends method. B. the trends method and the climatology method. C. the climatology method and the analog method. D. the persistence method and the analog method.

第19题： 第二篇 Students Learn Better with Touchscreen Desks Observe the criticisms of nearly any major public education system in the world, and a few of the many complaints are more or less universal. Technology moves faster than the education system. Teachers must teach at the pace of the slowest student rather than the

fastest. And --particularly in the United States --grade school children as a group don't care much for, or excel(擅长) at, mathematics. So it's heartening to learn that a new kind of 66classroom of the future" shows promise at easing some of these problems, starting with that fundamental piece of classroom furniture: the desk. A UK study involving roughly 400 students, mostly aged 8-10 years, and a new

generation of multi-touch, multi-user, computerized desktop surfaces is showing that over the last three years the technology has appreciably boosted students'math

skills compared to peers learning the same material via the conventional paper-and-pencil method. How? Through collaboration, mostly, as well as by giv- ing teachers better tools by which to micromariage individual students who need some extra

instruction while allowing the rest of the clas.s to continue moving forward.

Traditional instruction still shows respectable efficacy(效力) at increasing

students' fluency iri mathematics, essentially through memorization and practice-

dull, repetitive practice. But the re- searchers have concluded that these new touch screen desks boost both fluency and flexibility--- the critical thinking skills that allow students to solve complex problems not simply through knowing for- mulas and devices, but by being able to figure out what there all problem is and the most effective means of stripping it down and solving it. one reason for this, the

researchers say, is the multi-touch aspect of the technology. students working in the next-gen classroom can work together at the same tabletop, each of them

contributing and engaging with the problem as part of a group. knowri as synergy Net, the softwarc uses computer vision systems that see in the infrared(红外线的)

spectrum to distinguish between different touches on different parts of the surfacc, allowing students to access and use tools on the screen，move objects and visual aids around on their desktops, and otherwise physically interact with the numbers and in- formation on their screens. By using these screens collaboratively, the

researchers say, the students are to some extent teaching themselves as those with a stronger grasp on difficult concepts pull other students forward along with them. 1小题>、 Which of the following statements is Not true of the public education

system? A.It does not catch up with the development of technology. B. Teachers pay more attention to fast learners than slow learners. C. Some similar complaints about it are heard in different countries. D. Many students are not good at learning mathematics.

2小题>、 What has been found after the new tech is employed? A. Teachers are able to give individualized attention to students in need. B. Students become less active in learning mathematics. C. Students show preference to the conventional paper-and-pencil method. D. The gap between slow learners and fast learners gets more

noticeable.

3小题>、 What is the benefit students get from the ncw tech? A. It makcs them more fluent in public speech. B. It offers them more flexibility in choosing courses. C. It is effective in helping them solve physical problcms. D. It enables them to develop critical thinking ability.

4小题>、 What happens when students are using the dcsktop of the new tech ? A. Every student has an individual tabletop. B. Students use different tools to interact with each other. C. The multi-touch function stimulates students. D. The software

installed automatically identifies aifferent users.

5小题>、 How does the new tech work to improve students'mathematical learning? A. It helps fast learners to learn faster. B. It makes teachers'instruction unnecessary.

C. It enables them to work togethcr. D. It allows the whole class to learn at the same pace.

第20题： 第三篇 On the Trial of the Honey Badger ()n a rccent field trip to the Kalahari Desert, a team of researchers learn a lot more about honey badgers (獾): The team employed a local wildlife expert, Kitso Khama, to help them locate and follow the badgers across the desert. Their main aim was to study the

badgers'movements and behavior as dis- creetly (谨慎地) as possible, without

frightening them away or causing them to change their natural behavior. They also planned to trap a few and study them close up before releasing them. In view of the animal's reputation, this was something that even Khama was reluctant to do. "The problem with honey badgers is they are naturally curious animals, especially when they see something new," he says. "That, combined with their unpredictable nature, can be a dangerous mix- ture.If they sense you have food, for example, they won't be shy about coming right up to you for something to eat. They're actually quite

sociable creatures around humans, but as soon as they feel they might be in danger, they can become extremely vicious(凶恶的). Fortunately this is rare, but it does happen. " The rcsearch confirmed many things that were already known. As expected, honey badgers ate any creatures they could catch and kill. Even poisonous snakes,

feared and avoided by most other ani- mals, were not safe from them. The researchers were surprised, however, by the animal's fondness for local melons, probably because of their high water content. Preciously researchers thought that the animal got all of its liquid rcquirements from its prey (猎物) . The team also learnt that,

contrary to previous research findings, the badgers occasionally formed loose family groups. They were also able to confirm certain results from previous research,

including the fact that female badgers never social- ized with each other. Following some of the malc badgers was a challenge, since they can cover large distances in a short space of time. Some hunting territories cover more than 500 square kilometers. Although, they seem happy to share these territories with other males, there are occasional fights over an important food source, and male badgers can be as

aggressive towards each other as they are towards other spe- cies. As the badgers becamc accustomed to the presence of people, it gave the team the chance to get up close to them without being the subject of the animal's curiosity- or sudden

aggression. The badgers'eating patterns, which had been disrupted returned, to normal. It also allowed the team to ob- serve more closely some of the other

creatures that form working associations with the honey badger, as these seemed to adopt the badgers'relaxed attitudc when near humans.

1小题>、 Why did the wildlife experts visit the Kalahari Desert? A. To find where honey badgers live. B. To observe how honey badgers behave. C. To catch some honey badgers for food. D. To find out why honey badgers have a bad reputation.

2小题>、 What does Kitso Khama say about honey badgers? A. They show interest in things they are not familiar with. B. They are always looking for food. C. They do not enjoy human company. D. It is common for them to attack people.

3小题>、 What did the team find out about honey badgers? A. There were some

creatures they did not eat. B. They were afraid of poisonous creatures. C. They may get some of the water they needed from fruit. D. Female badgers did not mix with male badgers.

4小题>、 Which of the following is a typical feature of male badgers? A. They don't run very quickly. B. They hunt over a very large area. C. They defend their

territory from other badgers. D. They are more aggressive than females.

5小题>、 What happened when honey badgers got used to humans around them? A. They became less aggressive towards other creatures. B. They started eating more. C. Other animals started working with them. D. They lost interest in people.

五、补全短文

第21题： Toads are Arthritis and in Pain Arthritis（关节炎）is an illness that can cause pain and swelling in your bones. Toads（蟾蜍），a big problem in the north of Australia, are suffering from painful arthritis in their legs and backbone,a new

study has shown. The toads that jump the fastest are more likely to be larger and to have longer legs. (1) The large yellow toads, native to South and Central America, were introduced into the north- eastern Australian state of Queensland in 1935 in an attempt to stop beetles and other insects from de- stroying sugarcane crops. Now up to 200 million of the poisonous toads exist in the country,and they are rapidly

spreading through the state of Northern Territory at a rate of up t0 60 km a year. The toads can now be found across more than one million square kilometers. (2)A

Venezuelan poison virus was tried tin the 1990s but had to be abandoncd after it was found to also kill nativc frog species. The toads have severely affected ecosystems in Australia. Animals, and sometimes pets, that eat the toads die immediately from their poison, and the toads themselves eat anything they can fit inside their mouth.

(3) A co-author of the new study, Rick Shine,a professor at the University of

Sydney, says that lit- tle attention has bcen given to the problems that toads face. Rick and his colleagues studied nearly 500 toads from Queensland and the Northern Territory and found that those in the latter state were very different. They were active, sprinting down roads and breeding quickly. According to the results of the study, the fastest toads travel nearly one kilometer a night. (4) But speed and strength come at a price---arthritis of the legs and backbone due to con- stant

prcssurc placed on them. In laboratory tests, the rescarchers found that after about 15 minutes of hopping, arthritic toads would travel less distance with each hop（跳跃）. (5) These toads are so programmed to move, apparcntly, that even when in pain the toads travelled as fast and as far as the healthy ones, continuing their

constant march across the landscape. A. Toads with longer legs move faster and travel longer distances while the others are being left behind. B. Toads are not built to be road runners- they are built to sit around ponds and wet areas. C. But arthritis didn't slow down toads outside the laboratory, the researchers found. D. But this advantage also has a big drawback--- up to 10% of the biggest toads suffer from arthri- tis. E. The task now facing the country is how to remove the toads. F. Furthermore, they soon take over the natural habitats of Australia's native species. 1小题>、

2小题>、

3小题>、

4小题>、

5小题>、

六、完形填空

第22题： Better Solar Energy Systems: More heat, More light Solar photovoltaic（光电的）thermal energy systems, or PVTs, generate both heat and electricity, but (1) now they haven't been very good at the heat-generating part compared to a stand-a- 10ne solar thermal collector. That's because they operate at low temperatures to cool crystalline silicon (晶体硅)solar cells, (2)lets the silicon generate more electricity but isn't a very efficient way to gather heat. That's a problem of

economics. Good solar hot-water systems can harvest much more energy than a solar-electric system at a substantially lower (3). And it's also a space problem: photovol- taic cells can (4) up all the space on the roof, leaving little room for thermal applications. In a pair of studies,Joshua Pearce, an associate professor of materials science and engineering, has devised a (5) in the form of a better PVT made with a different kind of silicon. His re- search collaborators are Kunal

Girotra from thin silicon in California and Michael Pathak and Stephen Harrison from

queen's university, Canada. Most solar panels are made with crystalline silicon, but you can also make solar cells out of amor- phous(非晶形的)silicon, commonly known

(6)thin-film silicon. They don't create as much electricity, but they are lighter, flexible, and cheaper. And, because they (7) much less sil- icon, they have a greener footprint. (8), thin-film silicon solar cells are vulnerable to some bad-news physics in the form of the Staebler-Wronski effect. "That means that their efficiency drops when you (9) them to light--"pretty much the worst possible effect for a solar cell," pearce explains, which is one of the (10) thin-film so- lar panels make up only a small fraction of the market. However, Pearce and his team found a (11) to engineer around the Staebler-Wronski effect by incorporating thin-film silicon in a new (12) of PVT. You don't have to cool down thin-film silicon to make it work. In fact, pearce's group discovered that by heating it to solar-thermal operating temperatures, near the boiling (13) of water, they could make thicker cells that largely (14) the Staebler-Wronski effect. When they applied the thin-film silicon directly to a solar thermal energy collector, they also found that by baking the cell once a day, they (15) the solar cell's electrical efficiency by over 10 percent.

1小题>、 A. until B. unless C. when D. if

2小题>、 A. what B. which C. that D. who

3小题>、 A. reward B. bill C. pay D. cost

4小题>、 A. move B. set C. live D. take

5小题>、 A. decision B. suggestion C. solution D. qualification

6小题>、 A. for B. by C. with D. as

7小题>、 A. retrieve B. merge C. require D. exchange

8小题>、 A. Unfortunately B. Certainly C. Luckily D. Immcdiatcly

9小题>、 A. cover B. relate C. face D. expose

10小题>、 A. restrictions B. advances C. reasons D. strengths

11小题>、 A. part B. result C. subject D. way

12小题>、 A. type B. size C. shape D. brand

13小题>、 A. area B. point C. place D. extent

14小题>、 A. promoted B. improved C. overcame D. assessed

15小题>、 A. boosted B. defined C. wasted D. Lowered

2013年职称英语等级考试（理工类A级）真题参考答案

第1题：

【正确答案】：A

【参考解析】： 题意：规则太严格，不允许人为误差。 划线词为形容词，意为“严格的，刚性的”。 A项inflexible“不可改变的”，例：Workerslnsisted that the new system was too inflexible.工人们坚持认为新制度过于僵化。 B项意为“一般的，总体的”，例：The figures represent a general decline in employment.这些数字表明了就业率的总体下降。 C项意为“复杂的”，例：This project involves a lot of complex technical problems.这个方案牵涉到许多复杂的技术问题。 D项意为“直接的”，例：All genuine knowledge originates in direct experience. 一切真知都源于直接的经验。故选A项。

第2题：

【正确答案】：D

【参考解析】： 题意：这个物种几乎要灭绝了，因为它的栖息地正在被破坏。划线词组为动词词组，意为“灭绝”。 A项意为“沉寂，死亡”，例：Certain stocks lead the market at times and turn dead at other times.某些股票有时引领市场而有时又沉寂下来。 B项意为“经过”，例：She passed by without deigning to look at him.她走了过去，看都不看他一眼。 C项意为“运走”，例：The wounded were carried away immediately.受伤的人立刻被运走了。 D项意为“绝种”，例：An animal species will become extinct if it fails to produce enough young in each generation. -个动物物种如果不能在每一代生育足够数量的后代，那么它就会灭绝。故选D项。

第3题：

【正确答案】：B

【参考解析】： 题意：这两家公司的合同即将期满。 划线词为动词，意为“期满，结束”。 A项意为“缩短”，例：Minor accidents can shorten the life of a car.小事故会缩短汽车的寿命。 B项意为“结束，终止”，例：They ended the discussion on a note of optimism.他们在乐观的调子中结束了讨论。 C项意为“开始”，例：How can I start in such confusion?情况这么混乱，让我怎么开始呀？ D项意为“继续，恢复”，例：I tried to persuade her to resume her job as secretary.我试图劝她重新做她的秘书工作。故选B项。

第4题：

【正确答案】：D

【参考解析】： 题意：三位世界级的网球选手来争夺这个头衔。划线词为动词，意为“争夺，角逐”。 A项意为“争论”，例：Her temperament disposed her to argue readily with people.她急躁的脾气使她动不动就与人争吵。 B项意为“要求，声称”，例：Every citizen may claim the protection of the law.每个公民都可以要求受到法律的保护。 C项意为“渴

望，愿望”，例：I wish to have a job.我渴望有份工作。 D项意为“竞争”，例：About 800 athletes competed in fifteen events.大约有800名运动员参加了15个项目的竞赛。故选D项。

第5题：

【正确答案】：A

【参考解析】： 题意：战争期间使用的沟通方法是很原始的。划线词为形容词，意为“简单的，原始的”。 A项意为“简单的”，例：In his case a simple surgical operation islndicated.他的病情表明需要做一次简单的外科手术。 B项意为“可靠的”，例：It is difficult to obtain reliable evidence.获得可靠的证据是很难的。 C项意为“有效的”，例：The government should take effective measures to live through this economical

crisis.政府应采取有效的措施度过这场经济危机。 D项意为“另外的，供选择的”，例：There were alternative methods of travel available.有另外的旅行方式可采用。故选A项。 第6题：

【正确答案】：C

【参考解析】： 题意：尊重生命是法律的基本原则。划线词是形容词，意为“主要的，基本

的”。 A项意为“道德的”，例：He lives by a strict moral code.他按照严格的道德准则生活。 B项意为“定期的，有规律的”，例：We're going to be meeting there on a regular basis.我们将定期在那里见面。 C项意为“基本的，根本的”，例：This decision represents the fundamental interests of the people.这个决定反映了广大人民的根本利益。 D项意为“困难的”，例：It's hard to tell what effect this latest move will have．很难说最近的这次行动将会有什么样的影响。故选C项。

第7题：

【正确答案】：A

【参考解析】： 题意：饮用水已经被铅污染了。划线词的原型为动词，意为“污染”。 A项意为“污染”，例：We love the sea，yet we pollute it．我们热爱大海，然而我们却污染了它。 B项意为“对待，治疗”，例：The nurse always treated the sick and wounded with kindness.这位护士总是以蔼然可亲的态度对待伤痛员。 C项意为“测试，测验”，例：The manufacturers warrant that all the machines they supplied are strictly tested.生产厂家保证他们生产的所有机器都经过严格检验。 D项意为“腐败，堕落”，例：It is my duty to pronounce judgment against that corrupted leader.提出反对那个腐败领导人的意见是我的责任。故选A项。

第8题：

【正确答案】：C

【参考解析】： 题意：出来，否则我要破门而入了。划线词为动词，意为“打碎，击破”。 A项意为“关闭”，例：Just make sure you shut the gate.你务必关上那扇大门。 B项意为“放置”，例：He set a magazine on the desk.他把一本杂志放在桌子上。 C项意为“打破，弄破”，例：He fell through the window，breaking the glass.他打破玻璃，从窗口摔了下来。 D项意为“打败”，例：I'll beat him in the match.我会在比赛中将他击败。故选C项。

第9题：

【正确答案】：C

【参考解析】： 题意：她在女儿的婚礼上流下了眼泪。划线词为动词，意为“落（眼泪）”。 A项意为“擦去”，例：Glen wiped the sweat from his face.格伦擦去了脸上的汗水。 B项意为“注射”，例：His son was injected with strong drugs.他的儿子被注射了强效药。 C项意为“产生”，例：The test failed to produce the desired effect.试验没有产生预期的效果。 D项意为“移动”，例：As soon as the cake is done，remove it from the oven.蛋糕一旦烤好，就把它从烤箱里拿出来。故选C项。

第10题：

【正确答案】：B

【参考解析】： 题意：他们似乎并没有认识到这一问题的重要性。划线词为名词，意为“重要”。 A项意为“存在”，例：They are battling for their existence.他们正为生存而斗争。 B项意为“重要”，例：Do you realize the importance of this question?你意识到这个问题的重要性了吗？ C项意为“原因，起因”，例：Smoking is the biggest preventable cause of death and disease.吸烟是造成疾病和死亡最大的可阻止的原因。 D项意为“形势，情况”，例：My speech started with the situation analysis.我以形势分析开始了我的演说。故选B项。

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