ASTM D1141-98(2003)海水代用品

Designation:D1141–98(Reapproved2003)

AnAmericanNationalStandard

StandardPracticefor

thePreparationofSubstituteOceanWater1

Thisstandardisissuedunderthe xeddesignationD1141;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(e)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.ThisstandardhasbeenapprovedforusebyagenciesoftheDepartmentofDefense.

1.Scope

1.1Thispracticecoversthepreparationofsolutionscon-taininginorganicsaltsinproportionsandconcentrationsrep-resentativeofoceanwater.2

NOTE1—Sincetheconcentrationsofoceanwatervarieswithsamplinglocation,thegrossconcentrationemployedhereinisanaverageofmanyreliableindividualanalyses.Traceelements,occurringnaturallyincon-centrationsbelow0.005mg/L,arenotincluded.

E200PracticeforPreparation,Standardization,andStorageofStandardandReagentSolutionsforChemicalAnalysis43.Terminology

3.1De nitions—Forde nitionsoftermsusedinthisprac-tice,refertoTerminologyD1129.

3.2De nitionOfTermSpeci ctoThisStandard:

3.2.1chlorinity,,n—theweightofsilverion(g)requiredtocompletelyprecipitatethehalidesin0.3285kgofwater(g/kg).4.Signi canceandUse

4.1Thissubstituteoceanwatermaybeusedforlaboratorytestingwhereareproduciblesolutionsimulatingseawaterisrequired.Examplesarefortestsonoilcontamination,deter-gencyevaluation,andcorrosiontesting.

NOTE2—Thelackoforganicmatter,suspendedmatter,andmarinelifeinthissolutiondoesnotpermitunquali edacceptanceoftestresultsasrepresentingperformanceinactualoceanwater.Wherecorrosionisinvolved,theresultsobtainedfromlaboratorytestsmaynotapproximatethosesecuredundernaturaltestingconditionsthatdiffergreatlyfromthoseofthelaboratory,andespeciallywhereeffectsofvelocity,saltatmospheres,ororganicconstituentsareinvolved.Alsotherapiddepletionofreactingelementspresentinlowconcentrationssuggestscautionindirectapplicationofresults.

1.2Thispracticeprovidesthreestocksolutions,eachrela-tivelyconcentratedbutstableinstorage.Forpreparationofsubstituteoceanwater,aliquotsofthe rsttwostocksolutionswithaddedsaltarecombinedinlargervolume.Anaddedre nementinadjustmentofheavymetalconcentrationisprovidedbytheadditionofasmallaliquotofthethirdstocksolutiontotheprevioussolution.

1.3Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappro-priatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplica-bilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.2.ReferencedDocuments2.1ASTMStandards:

D1129TerminologyRelatingtoWater3D1193Speci cationforReagentWater3

ThispracticeisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD19onWaterandistheresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD19.02onGeneralSpeci cations,TechnicalResources,andStatisticalMethods.

CurrenteditionapprovedAug.10,stpreviouseditionapprovedin1998asD1141–98e1.2

Thispracticeisbaseduponthefollowingstudies:

MayandBlack,“SyntheticOceanWater,”NavalResearchLaboratoryReportP-2909,August1946.

May,T.P.andAlexander,A.L.,“SprayTestingwithNaturalandSyntheticSeaWater,PartI–CorrosionCharacteristicsintheTestingofMetals,”Proceedings,ASTM,Vol50,1950.

Alexander,A.L.andMay,T.P.,“SprayTestingwithNaturalandSyntheticSeaWater,PartII–AStudyofOrganicCoatings,”Proceedings,ASTM,Vol50,1950.3

AnnualBookofASTMStandards,Vol11.01.

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5.ReagentsandMaterials

5.1PurityofReagents—Reagentgradechemicalsshallbeusedinalltests.Unlessotherwiseindicated,itisintendedthatallreagentsshallconformtothespeci cationsoftheCommit-teeonAnalyticalReagentsoftheAmericanChemicalSociety.5Othergradesmaybeused,provideditis rstascertainedthatthereagentisofsufficientlyhighpuritytopermititsusewithoutlesseningtheaccuracyofthedetermination.

AnnualBookofASTMStandards,Vol15.05.

ReagentChemicals,AmericanChemicalSocietySpeci cations,AmericanChemicalSociety,Washington,DC.ForsuggestionsonthetestingofreagentsnotlistedbytheAmericanChemicalSociety,seeAnalarStandardsforLaboratoryChemicals,BDHLtd.,Poole,Dorset,U.K.,andtheUnitedStatesPharmacopeiaandNationalFormulary,U.S.PharmacopeialConvention,Inc.(USPC),Rockville,MD.

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5.2PurityofWater—Unlessotherwiseindicated,referencestowatershallbeunderstoodtomeanreagentwaterconformingtoSpeci cationD1193,TypeII.

5.3SodiumHydroxide,Solution,Standard(0.10N)—Pre-pareandstandardizeasdirectedinPracticeE200.

5.4StockSolutionNo.1—Dissolvetheindicatedamountsofthefollowingsaltsinwateranddilutetoatotalvolumeof7.0L.Storeinwellstopperedglasscontainers.

MgCl2·6H2O

CaCl2(anhydrous)SrCl2·6H2O

3889.0g(=555.6g/L)405.6g(=57.9g/L)14.8g(=2.1g/L)

Zn(NO3)2·6H2OPb(NO3)2AgNO30.151g0.066g0.0049g

NOTE3—TomaketheadditionofAgNO3intheabovesolution,dissolve0.049gofAgNO3inwateranddiluteto1L.Add100mLofthissolutiontoStockSolutionNo.3beforedilutingto10.0L.

5.5StockSolutionNo.2—Dissolvetheindicatedamountsofthefollowingsaltsinwateranddilutetoatotalvolumeof7.0Loraconvenientvolume.Storeinwellstopperedamberglasscontainers.

KCl

NaHCO3KBrH3BO3NaF

486.2g(=69.5g/L)140.7g(=20.1g/L)70.4g(=10.0g/L)19.0g(=2.7g/L)2.1g(=0.3g/L)

6.PreparationofSubstituteOceanWater

6.1Toprepare10.0Lofsubstituteoceanwater,dissolve245.34gofsodiumchlorideand40.94gofanhydroussodiumsulfatein8to9Lofwater.Add200mLofStockSolutionNo.1slowlywithvigorousstirringandthen100mLofStockSolutionNo.2.Diluteto10.0L.AdjustthepHto8.2with0.1Nsodiumhydroxidesolution.OnlyafewmillilitresofNaOHsolutionshouldberequired.

NOTE4—PreparethesolutionandadjustthepHimmediatelypriortouse.

5.6StockSolutionNo.3—Dissolvetheindicatedamountsofthefollowingsaltsinwateranddilutetoatotalvolumeof10.0Loraconvenientvolume.Storeinwellstopperedamberglasscontainers.

Ba(NO3)2

Mn(NO3)2·6H2OCu(NO3)2·3H2O

0.994g0.546g0.396g

7.PreparationofSubstituteOceanWaterwithHeavyMetals

7.1Add10mLofStockSolutionNo.3slowlyandwithvigorousstirringto10.0LofthesubstituteoceanwaterpreparedasdescribedinSection6.

8.Keywords

8.1substitutebrine;substituteoceanwater;substitutesaltwater;substituteseawater

APPENDIX

(NonmandatoryInformation)

POSITIONOFSUBSTITUTEOCEANWATER

X1.1ThesubstituteoceanwaterpreparedinaccordancewithSection6willhavethecompositionshownabovethelineinTableX1.1(upperhalfofthetable).Thesubstituteoceanwaterwithheavymetals,preparedinaccordancewithSection7,willhavethecompletecompositionshowninTable

X1.1.

TABLEX1.1ChemicalCompositionofSubstituteOceanWaterA,B

CompoundNaClMgCl2Na2SO4CaCl2KCl

NaHCO3KBrH3BO3SrCl2NaFBa(NO3)2Mn(NO2)2Cu(NO3)2Zn(NO3)2Pb(NO3)2AgNO3

AB

Concentration,g/L24.535.204.091.160.6950.2010.1010.0270.0250.0030.00009940.00003400.00003080.00000960.00000660.00000049

Chlorinityofthissubstituteoceanwateris19.38.

ThepH(afteradjustmentwith0.1NNaOHsolution)is

8.2.

ersofthisstandardareexpresslyadvisedthatdeterminationofthevalidityofanysuchpatentrights,andtheriskofinfringementofsuchrights,areentirelytheirownresponsibility.

Thisstandardissubjecttorevisionatanytimebytheresponsibletechnicalcommitteeandmustbereviewedevery veyearsandifnotrevised,eitherreapprovedorwithdrawn.YourcommentsareinvitedeitherforrevisionofthisstandardorforadditionalstandardsandshouldbeaddressedtoASTMInternationalHeadquarters.Yourcommentswillreceivecarefulconsiderationatameetingoftheresponsibletechnicalcommittee,whichyoumayattend.IfyoufeelthatyourcommentshavenotreceivedafairhearingyoushouldmakeyourviewsknowntotheASTMCommitteeonStandards,attheaddressshownbelow.

ThisstandardiscopyrightedbyASTMInternational,100BarrHarborDrive,POBoxC700,WestConshohocken,PA19428-2959,UnitedStates.Individualreprints(singleormultiplecopies)ofthisstandardmaybeobtainedbycontactingASTMattheaboveaddressorat610-832-9585(phone),610-832-9555(fax),orservice@(e-mail);orthroughtheASTMwebsite().

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