新世纪大学英语综合教程第三版四第四单元课后练习及翻译

Enhance Your Language Awareness Words in Action ▇ Working with Words and Expressions

1 In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. ■Answers:

1) mass 2) gambled 3) voluntary 4) hunted 5) classified 6) abolished 7) division 8) senseless 9) fashions 10) coordination 11) declarations 12) committed 13) necessity 14) moderately 15) slightest 16) considerable 17) evaluate 18) derived

2 In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Complete the sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. ■Answers:

1) stands/stood a chance 2) ruled out 3) consist /consists of 4) gone through

5) in the strict sense 6) At a guess 7) earns a living 8) coincide with 9) gone in for

10) got their teeth into

▆ Increasing Your Word Power 1 Word Building

Did you notice the suffix -ary and -ory in words such as “voluntary” and “satisfactory” in Texts A and B? The suffix -ary or -ory can be added to a noun to form an adjective. Now add the suffixes of -ary or -ory to the nouns in the following table to form adjectives, then translate them into Chinese. ▆ Answers: nouns suffixes adjectives Chinese meaning planet planetary 行星的 congratulation congratulatory 祝贺的 contradiction contradictory 矛盾的，对立的 custom customary 通常的，习惯的；惯例-ary / -ory 的 document documentary 公文的，文件的 explanation explanatory 解释的；说明的 imagination imaginary 想象中的，虚构的 introduction introductory 介绍的，导言的 legend legendary 传说（中）的，传奇的 migration migratory 迁徙的，移居的 vision visionary 有远见的；不实际的

1) imaginary 2) congratulatory 3) Migratory 4) documentary 5) legendary 6) introductory 7) contradictory 8) explanatory

2 Study the following usage notes and then complete each of the following sentences with an appropriate word from the box. ▆ Answers for reference: 1) vocation 2) posts 3) trade 4) job 5) work 6) profession 7) career 8) position

3 Underline the mistakes in the following sentences, paying special attention to the use of prepositions. Write down your corrections in the space provided. If there is no mistake, write “No Mistake”.

▇ Answers:

1) ( of ) Natural disasters are inevitable and they are independent on man’s will.

2) ( against ) This incident can by no means justify their discrimination for the black people.

3) ( for ) My son has little aptitude of sport but he excels in music. 4) ( with ) The deceased musician was buried in his home village in

accordance to his wishes. 5) ( over ) The mayor (市长) presided on the ceremony to lay the foundation stone of the new museum.

6) ( of ) Truth be told, I am envious about his fame and success though I always pretend otherwise.

7) ( in ) The old man’s will was signed at the presence of two witnesses—his younger sister and one of his favourite students.

8) ( No Mistake ) When Britain declared war on Germany, Jack’s grandpa joined

the army and his grandma was frightened for his safety all the time.

9) ( of ) The marketing strategy that I designed proved successful and my

boss was very appreciative for my efforts. 10) (No Mistake ) The new theatre is very spacious, but unfortunately, it is difficult

of access for wheel-chair users.

11) ( for ) Edward Snowden was on a plane bound to Moscow when he got to know that his passport had been revoked (吊销) by the US government.

12) ( of ) Professor Peterson is very contemptuous for the so-called “popular” writers, whom he describes as talentless and worthless.

Grammar in Context

1 Turn the following complex sentences into simple sentences. ▇ Answers for reference:

1) I don’t remember having borrowed/borrowing anything from you. 2) She’ll stay here for a couple of weeks before going on to New York. 3) The prospect of Professor Smith’s coming to see us cheered us all. 4) Jim, a man of strong character, naturally didn’t give in.

5) Arriving at the school gate, he found his classmates had already assembled.

2 Replace the that-clause in each of the sentences with a prepositional phrase. ▇ Answers for reference:

1) He was afraid of falling behind the others.

2) We were all amused at Henry’s running after the dog in his slippers. 3) Have they informed you of the change in the plan?

4) We’re grateful to you for having given us so much help. 5) We assured them of our willingness to cooperate with them.

Cloze

Complete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given. ▇ Answers:

(1) enjoy (2) physical (3) compelled (4) necessity (5) support (6) mental (7) idealize (8) status (9) values (10) classified (11) essential (12) mind (13) attitude (14) fortunate

Translation

1 Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or expressions given in brackets.

▇ Answers for reference:

1) 随着她个人的生活细节越来越多地被媒体披露出来，她不得不辞去公司总经理的职务。

2）她对自己的新工作很满意，因为这份工作正好与她的兴趣相符

3）我买了这件衬衣，因为它的价格从300元降到了800元。

4）为了把孩子抚养成人，这位母亲真是历经了各种磨难。

5）警方在老太太的死亡案中已经排除了谋杀的可能性。

6）市政府承诺将尽快采取有效措施，解决空气污染的问题。

7）因为腿部受伤，我没有参加上个月学校举行的网球锦标赛。

8）要是能够得到大多数女生支持的话，你赢得选举成为学生会主席的机会是很大的。

9）他写的书并非都像这一本书这么成功，所以我建议你从图书馆把它借来读一下。

10）在2004年雅典奥运会上刘翔打破男子110米栏（110-meter hurdles）世界纪录，获得冠军，这个记录以前是由一个美国运动员保持的。

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