报刊阅读+小词复习及其参考答案，翻译练习

英语新闻标题阅读技巧

一、简短小词

英语新闻标题总是力求用有限的字数来表达新闻的内容，为此，在措词上尤其要狠下功夫，选词尽可能经简达意、简短明了，偏爱选用那些短小精悍或字母最少的动词。这是因为短小易懂、形象生动的措词不仅能增强新闻的简洁性和可读性，而且还能节省版面篇幅。如表示“破坏”或“损坏”一词意义的动词，标题一般不用damage，而用一些较之简短的词，如hit、harm、hurt、ruin或wreck等。又如表示“放弃”这一概念的动词，标题一般不用abandon，而用drop、give up、quit、skip或yield等，表示“爆炸”之类的动词意义时，一般不用explode，而用blast、crash、ram或smash等词。简而言之，英语新闻标题大都喜欢选用字形短小、音节不多而意义又比较广泛的词。

这类动词在标题中屡见不鲜，读者平时阅读时不妨多加留意，这对于提高英语水平，尤其是熟悉英语同义动词，无疑是大有稗益的。为便于读者更好地理解英语新闻标题，现再列举一些常见诸报端的标题小词，以备不时之需：

aid＝assist（帮助，援助）

alter＝change or modify（改变） ask＝inquire（询问） assail＝denounce（谴责）

axe＝dismiss or reduce（解雇，减少） ban＝prohibit or forbid（禁止） bar＝prevent（防止，阻止）

bare＝expose or reveal（暴露，揭露） blast＝explode（爆炸） begin＝commence（开始） bid＝attempt（努力）

bilk＝cheat（欺骗）

bolt＝desert or abandon（放弃）

boost＝increase, promote ,push forward（增加，提高） check＝examine（检查）

clash＝disagree strongly（发生分歧，争议） curb＝control or restrict（控制） dip＝decline or decrease（下降） ease＝lessen（减轻，缓和）

claim＝cause the death of ...（夺去??的生命）

end＝terminate（结束，中止） flay＝criticize（批评）

flout＝insult（侮辱）

foil＝prevent from（阻止，防止） grill＝investigate（调查） gut＝destroy（摧毁） head＝direct（率领）

hold＝arrest（逮捕）

laud＝praise（赞扬）

lop＝diminish（下降，减少） map＝work out（制订，规划） mark＝celebrate（庆祝）

name＝appoint or nominate（命名，提名） moot＝discuss（讨论） mull＝consider（考虑） nab＝arrest（逮捕） nip＝defeat（击败）

nix＝deny or disapprove（否决，拒绝） opt＝choose（选择）

oust＝expel（驱逐）

peril＝endanger（危害，危及） pledge＝determine（发誓）

plot＝conspire（预谋，密谋策划） plunge＝plummet（（价格等）暴跌） poise＝ready for action（作好准备） probe＝investigate（调查） raid＝attack（进攻） rap＝criticize（批评） 了读者。

1. Deposits, loans rising in HK :Deposits and loans are rising in HK.

2. World eyes mid-East peace talks: world watches closely mid-east peace talks 3. US backs action against Pyongyang: us supports action against Pyongyang

4. Google’s Income Rises 32%, Topping Forecast(google’s income rises 32 percent which is better than expected)

5. Top Pakistan judge dismissed after refusing to take oath(a top Pakistan judge was dimissed after refusing to take oath of office)

6. China ups rates 4th time since October(china increase the interest rates for the 4th time since october)

7. Clinton: No interest in next term (she does not want to stay in her job if President Barack Obama wins a second term in 2012)

8. WHO flu center to be set in China (who influenza center has been designed to house in china)

9. Japan FM decides to quit-report (japan foreign minister decides to resign)

10. Premier: Curbing inflation tops govt agenda (controlling inflation will top the government agenda)

11. China sees housing as engine to drive economy(see housing as an engine to drive the

economy)

12. Clinton: U.S. reaching out to Libyans amid uprising (help )

13. Obama Budget Said to Trim Deficit by $1.1 Trillion Obama’s planned budget would reduce the country’s deficit by 1.1 trillion dollar

14. Rail Chaos Getting Worse: The) Rail Chaos (Is) Getting Worse

15. Google Balks at Turning over Data to Regulators Balk=be unwilling to do something

词汇练习：define the underline words:

1. Drug abuse poses a major threat to the fabric of society. A complex underlying structure 2. His answer was an unequivocal 'No.' very clear

3. We saw a marked reversal of trends in oil prices. A change to an opposite arrangement process or cause of action

4. The country's economy is floundering and the future is uncertain. struggling 5. He gave a phony name and a phony address. Wrong, false ,not real

6. The military operation was terminated in 1969. To bring to an end or to halt

7. We huddled around the fire for warmth. To gather together in a tightly peaked group

8. A fading woman in her 40s, Larisa had both drinking and marital problems. Relating to marriage

9. Is Britain a meritocracy? A social system that gives the greatest power or the highest position with the most ability

10. Perhaps her most important legacy was her program of educational reform. Money or property that is given to you by sb when they die

11. I am trying to think of all the possible scenarios. Situations that would possibly happen 12. Enthusiasm for reform ebbed and flowed. decline

13. Myers was forced to concede that competition had badly affected profits admit 14. This night club has a special offer for our regular patrons. customer

15. the proliferation of global media networks the sudden increase in the number or amount of sth

16. He has a strong aversion to getting up early. dislike

17. Power plants are increasingly located outside metropolitan areas. Relating or belonging to a very large

18. the chasm between rich and poor in America. A very big differencity

19. New York's mix of people is a microcosm of America. A small representative system ,epitome

20. For two millennia, exogamy was a major transgression for Jews the action of going beyond the limit of what is morally or legally acceptance

21. a belligerent person inclined or eager to fight

22. The government is wrangling with various groups demanding compensation. To argue for a long time angrily

23. They stayed, safe and happy, within their own social milieu. The social environment that you live or work

24. groundbreaking research new ,pioneering or innovative 25. point to analogies between the two events similarities

26. His parents were very affluent. Rich ,having a lot of money

27. He questioned her relentlessly. Without stop

28. savvy consumers clever and know how to deal with situations successfully

29. The political situation was becoming more volatile. Likely to change suddenly, easily become dangerous

30. The manager's arrival galvanized the workers into activity. To arouse to awareness or action 31. There is still a disparity in salaries among people doing the same job. Difference or inequality

32. Joe wagered all his money on an unknown horse. To bet money

33. The president was prepared to resort to stern measures to get his way. Firm or unyielding, uncompromising

34. The chairman exhorted workers to take action. Try hard to persude 35. Richard expressed misgivings about the deal. doubt

36. As time went by, their marriage turned sour . unpleasant or dissatifying

37. My morning commute takes 45 minutes. To regularly travel a long distance to get to work 38. The search was hampered by heavy snowfall. To prevent sb from easily doing sth

39. The hotel is in the city centre, close to shops and local amenities. facility

40. He's suffering from physical and mental fatigue. A feeling of extreme tiredness or weariness

41. In China gambling is outlawed. To make something illegal

42.pathological conditions such as cancer caused by or connected with disease or illness 43. Renewable energy is no panacea. Sth that will solve all the problem

44. Currently, developing nations are exempt from certain restrictions on carbon emissions. Not effected by sth, do not have to pay or do sth

Amgen is burning brainpower to develop sophisticated biotech therapies amegen公司运用智能开发先进的生物技术疗法

But the serious inequality that remains is less a function of racism than of the racial gap in levels of educational attaintment ,single parenthood and crime 这种遗留下来的严重不平等，与其说种族主义，还不如说是在教育程度、单亲和犯罪层面的种族差距所造成的结果

But the story has a surprising twist : many of the homeowners were blacks too 但此事让人感到奇怪的是，社区很多住户本身也是黑人

But this week’s sudden mood-shift….below the surface 但本周民众情绪的骤变显示美国人对恐怖主义担忧很容易出现

Duke energy became the un-enron by…..other wall street fads杜克能源公司通过抵制财务欺骗、复杂伙伴关系和其他金融界风靡一时的做法而成为与安然公司截然不同的诚信公司

Either way ,the outcome will mobilize activits n bothsides…..on partial birth abortion 不管是那

种情况，结果会把双方积极份子都动员起来，特别是因为如果最高法院同意审理一起未判决的怀孕后期堕胎案那么之前认为完全合乎宪法的事情也不一定站得住脚了 For more than a year…state of mind一年多来，很多美国人都存在类似的心理

Gay couples were treated politely, with standard new England reserve, by clerks and bystanders办事员和旁观者们礼貌的对待同性恋夫妻，表现出新英格兰人所惯有的克制

Given the genral air of acceptance this week and the public fatigue over month ….a tough vote to win鉴于本周出现的普遍赞成的气氛，公众对几个月来的法律争论已感到厌倦，保守者要想投票获胜可能困难

He extorted employees to sell better with quasi-biblical precepts like…..if they are that close他教育员工按照类似圣经戒律的规范改进销售，如顾客进入十英尺范围必须招呼致意十英尺规范 He reiterated the criteria the group uses in selecting targets….psychological trauma他一再重申恐怖分子选择袭击目标标准具有高度象征价值，造成大量人员伤亡，引起严重经济损失和留下极大心灵创伤

He was in other words an early evangelist for the first …..service rules换句话说，他是当代经济第一戒律（服务高于一切）的早期倡导者

New york city ‘s law has sparked amillion butts jokes in the tabloids….scofflaws for illegally puffing away纽约市的禁烟法印发了小报上成千上万的关于抽烟的笑话，吧布兰妮之类的名流写成所谓所谓的非法不停抽烟的蔑视法律者 Sam walton，wal mart‘ founder…..information technology沃尔玛创始人在采用先进信息技术降低成本的同时不断增加销售额

Some even seem to welcome the arrival of the marriage as their ….true colors 有些人甚至看起来非常欢迎这种婚姻的到来，因为这样他们的敌人暴露了本来面目

Strriped away in one moment the collective …attacks of September 11th 美国911恐怖袭击事件后社会正常的恢复所带给国民的轻松感顿时被一扫而空

Such laws ….bring in customes who were reluctant…was allowed 这些法令能为酒吧带来哪些不愿去容许吸烟场所的顾客

The growth of family….worker and consumers城市家庭的增加可以复兴商业区，增加社区稳定和提供更多的劳工和消费者，为城市创造活力

The latest assault on the sat …..to minority applicant最近对学习能力考试的抨击发生在几个州结束的肯定行动计划，这几个州大学不能给少数民族学生提供特殊的入学优惠

The law also subjects doctors to civil and criminal charges…..a minor’s health根据这项法律如果医生即便在怀孕危及未成年人健康的紧急情况下都没有通知家长，那也是要受到民事和刑事的指控

The law defies precendent by allowing a minor’s health ….too long 这项法律置最高法院判例不顾，使少女的健康时间处于危险中

They may be able to outvote the households with children who need scholl and playground他们会以多数票否决没有孩子的家庭关于建设学校和运动场的提议

This has brought about a civul war ….right to exist 它导致了夜生活者和与居民之间的一场内战，而两者都有合法权利

This suggests that if there were another terrorist attack,…round the flag这意味着如果美国再次遭受恐怖袭击，美国人首先作出的反应便是再次团结在政府的周围

Various ballot initatives are planned….stayed at home in 2000他们计划在全国各地举行各种各样的投票活动，其意图是用这些活动把那些据认为2000大选年呆在家没投票的保守派的人吸引出来投票

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