指示代词

第四讲：指示代词

一.指示代词：是表示指示概念的代词，即用来指示或标识人或事物的代词。

二.this和these指说话人较近的人或物，that和those指说话人较远的人或物。

三.this和that指单数，these和those指复数. 例题:

那只狗 that dog 这个苹果 this apple

这些学生 these students 那些尺子 those rulers

四.指示代词和定冠词the不可同时使用。 This book is new. ( √ ) The book is new. ( √ )

This the book is new. ( × )

五. 指示代词由单数句变成复数句：

单数 复数 指示代词 this hese that those 人称代词 I we you you he/she/it they be动词 am/is are

句型转换：

1. What is this? （ 复数） What are these? 2. That is a pen. ( 复数) Those are pens.

注意：单数句子转变为复数句子，指示代词，人称代词，系动词，可数名词都要变化为复数形式。

六.指示代词的一般疑问句和特殊疑问句及回答：

Is this/that a/an....? Yes,it is./No, it isn't. Are these/those....? Yes, they are./No, they aren't.

What is this/that? It is a/an..... What are these/those? They are....

指示代词练习题: 一、填空。

1. I like _____ pants. _______ pants are red.(这些）

2. I don't like ____ shoes. ____shoes are too small.(那些)

3. I want _____(这个) sweater. I don't want________（那个） sweater._____ （那个）is too big.

二、英汉互译。

1. 这支钢笔 2. 那些英语书

3. these erasers 4. that car

5. 那棵树 6.those tigers

三、句型转换。

1. This is a book .（变成复数形式）

2. What are these？ (用monkey作答）

3. Is that an egg? (作肯定和否定回答）

4. What are those? (变单数形式）

5. Are these pandas? (作否定回答）

6. Is that a bus? （变复数形式）

7. What is this? (用apple作答）

8. Are those knives? (变成肯定句）

9. Are these flowers .(作肯定和否定回答）

10. What is this? (变复数形式）

课外作业：

一.翻译下列词组。

1. 这个男孩 2.那位老师

3. 这些猫 4.那些狮子

5.那个蓝书包 6.这些山羊

二. 将下列句子变成单数或复数。

1. Are those red skirts?

2. This is an orange.

3. What are these?

4. These are soccers.

5. Is that a watch?

6. What is that?

三.句型转换。

1.Is this her bike? (作肯定和否定回答）

2.What're those? (用map作答)

3.These are photos.(变一般疑问句并作否定回答）

4.What's this? (用cap作回答）

5.Are these shelves? (作肯定和否定回答）

第五讲： 人称代词、物主代词

一. 人称代词：表示人的关系的代词。英语的人称代词，有三种不同的人称

形式：第一 人称指说话人自己；第二人称指说话的对象；第三人称指说话人谈论的对象。三种人称又各有单、复数形式，

物主代词：表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词。物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和 名词性物主代词两种。物主代词有人称和数的变化。

二. 人称代词、物主代词变化形式表

人称代词主格 I you he she it we you they

人称代词宾格 me you him her it us you them

形容词性物主代词my your his her its our your their

名词性物主代词mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs

三.人称代词的主格和宾格的区别;

人称代词的主格通常放在动词的前面作句子的主语;

人称代词的宾格通常放在动词或介词的后面作句子的宾语。

1)I am not good at English．Can you help me?

2)He is so kind that we all like him.

四.形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的区别：

形容词性物主代词 具有形容词的特征:“??的”。放在名词之前。

名词性物主代词 具有名词的特征：“??的什么”。相当于形容词性物主代词加上名词。

1)This is my bag，and that is yours．

2)Their school is much bigger than ours．

五.形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词是可以互换的。

名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词

1）This is her desk.=This desk is hers.

2) Are those shoes yours? =Are those your shoes?

练习题：

一．选择正确的代词

1.This is（my / I）mother.

2. Nice to meet （your / you）.

3. （He / His）name is Mark.

4. What’s（she / her）name?

5. Excuse（me / my / I）.

6. Are（your / you）Miss Li?

7. （I / My）am Ben.

8. （She / Her）is my sister.

9. Fine , thank （your / you）.

10. How old is （he / his）.

二. 将下列句子变成同义句。 1.This is my T-shirt.

2.Are those erasers theirs?

3.These are his pants.

4.Is this your pencil?

5.That cup is hers.

三.用适当的人称代词填空：

1. __________ is my aunt. We often visit __________. ( she )

2. China is a developing country. _________is in the east of Asia. ( its )

3. What day is __________ today? — __________ is Thursday. (its)

4. I own a blue bike. The red one isn’t __________. ( I )

5. These new houses are so nice. __________ are very expensive.( them )

6. The fishermen caught a lot of fish, didn’t __________? ( them )

7. Ling Ling is a girl. ____ studies in a primary school. ______ brother lives with

____ and helps ____ with______ lessons. ( she )

8. Mike is my classmate. ____ is good at Engliush . ( his )

9. Kate wants a glass of milk. Will you pass it to ____ ? ( she )

10. What’s the weather like today ? ____ is cloudy. ( its )

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