南航研究生英语课后翻译

Translation

Unit 1

No doubt everyone has to apologize for his life, sooner or later. When we appear at the Last Judgment and the Recording Angel reads out a list of our sins, we will presumably be given an opportunity to apologize, in the old sense of rebuttal and in the new sense too, by way of confession and plea of repentance. In this life, it is better to apologize (in the new sense), but promptly, voluntarily, fully and sincerely. If the error is a matter of opinion and un-punishable, so much the better--an apology then becomes a gracious and creditable occasion, and an example to all. An enforced apology is a miserable affair. Besides, there is something distinguished about a ready apology. It is a mark of a gentleman, more particularly if it is not necessary. It is the opposite of revenge. Bacon wrote, “In seeking revenge, a man is but equal with his enemy, but in forgiving him, he is superior, for it is a princes part to pardon.” So, the person who apologizes freely has the moral ball in his court.

毋庸置疑，任何人,或迟或早，都要为自己的一生辩护。当我们出席最后的审判时，记录天使诵读出所罗列的我们的罪孽，我们作了忏悔并请求宽恕，这样大概会被给予辩白（这个词的老义）和表示歉意（它的新义）的机会。在今生中，道歉（新义）是桩对的事，但是要做到及时、要心甘情愿、要完完全全、要诚心诚意。如果过错是看法上的事，并且错不当罚，那最好不过——说一声“对不起”就成了一个显示大度的机会，可赞可叹，众人之楷模也。而被迫去道歉，那可就难受了。此外，随时准备好一句道歉的话，是一种高尚行为，特别是在没有必要道歉时而道歉，更显示出一个绅士的特质。道歉与报复相对。培根说：“寻求报复的人和他的敌人，是一丘之貉；能宽恕对方的人，其品格让对方相形见绌。因为，宽恕是王者之风。” 因此，谁把“对不起”常挂在嘴边，谁就在道义上掌握了主动。

有时候，在工作中重要的是能否处理好人际关系，而不是有多大的才能。人际关系就是一种善于听取别人意见，体察别人的需要，虚心接受批评的能力。善于处理人际关系的人敢于承认错误，敢于承担自己的责任，这是对待错误的一种成熟和负责任的态度。这就是为什么许多平庸的公司雇员在大调整中保住了位置，而有才能的人反而下岗。因为他们很注意处理各方面的关系，所以八面玲珑，到处有缘。而人际关系差的人往往不能处理好批评。碰到错误，他们首先想到自己，拒不承认自己有错，或情绪低落或大发雷霆，成为有刺的人，难以相处。 Sometimes it is interpersonal skills rather than professional skills that really count in your career. Interpersonal skills are nothing but the ability to be good listener, to be sensitive toward other’s needs, to take criticism well. People with skill in social relations admit their mistakes, and take their share of blame, which is a mature and responsible way to handle an error. That’s why many ordinary employees survive violent corporate upheavals while people of great talent are being laid off. Sensitive in their dealings with others, they are well liked everywhere. People with poor interpersonal skills have trouble taking criticism. When confronted with a mistake, they put themselves in the first place. They deny responsibility and become moody or angry. They mark

themselves as “prickly”.

Unit 3

The plane arcs softly into its final descent at Hong Kong International Airport. Below, Victoria Harbor, and the silent rhythms of countless ships. Beyond, sloping mountains fence in a breathtaking city view that seems to stretch forever. This is no ordinary airport. This is no ordinary city. An elderly man passes by wearing pajamas, bearing a brightly feathered bird singing merrily in its cage. Professionals gather at a roadside kitchen for noodles, congee and shrimp. Incense from a tiny Taoist temple drifts into the pounding beat of rock music pouring out of a discotheque. A ferry travels on the nearby water regularly, taking passengers to an isolated island 40 minutes away, where Buddhist temples and tiny fishing villages dot the landscape, Hong Kong. Here, 161km south of the Tropic of Cancer, beats the pulse of Southeast Asia’s heart. Where East greets West, and past colors present.

飞机划着柔和的弧线最终降落到香港国际机场。俯瞰，维多利亚港，无数的船只演奏着无声的旋律。眺望，依山而立令人叹为观止的城市风景一望无际。 这不是一个普通的机场。这也不是一座普通的城市。一位穿着睡衣的老人从旁边走过，手上提着一个鸟笼，一只颜色鲜艳的鸟儿在里面欢快地歌唱。上班族聚在路边的餐馆里吃面条，喝粥，吃小虾。一个小道观里飘出来的檀香混杂着从迪斯科厅里流出的摇滚乐有力的节奏，浑然一体。一只渡船穿梭在附近的水面上，把乘客们带到离此处40分钟里程的一座孤岛上，岛上，寺庙和渔村交相辉映。香港，在北回归线以南161公里处，如同东南亚的心脏时刻搏动；这里东西交融，时光汇聚。

“上海”的字面意思是“位于海之上”。它位于长江流入大海之前的最后一条支流的黄浦江畔。城市的主要部分横跨黄浦江两岸，市中心离东海岸仅15公里。1842年，一艘英国军舰潜入长江口，攻占了吴淞炮台，不发一弹就占领了上海。从那以后，上海作为国际性城市就出现在世界舞台上。英国人首先在黄浦江西岸的泥地上盖起简易的仓库，运转货物。随后，美国、德国、法国、俄国和日本的商人也来了。他们都贪图同中国人通商，以夺取中国的金银财富。于是，工厂、商店、银行、夜总会、跑马场、赌场等大量出现了。在不到一百年的时间里，上海就变成了外国人在中国进行冒险、寻求浪漫生活的地方。

Shanghai, which means “above the sea”, is on the Huangpu River, the lowest tributary at the mouth of the Yangtze. The main city sits astride the Huangpu, only fifteen kilometers to the east coast. Shanghai was born to the world as a cosmopolitan city in 1842 when a British ship, slipping unnoticed into the mouth of the Yangtze River, reduced the Wusong Fort and took the city without a fight. On the muddy west bank of the Huangpu, the English first built sheds for their goods. Thereafter, came other traders: Americans, Germans, French, Russians and Japanese. All of them were avid for Chinese trade and Chinese gold. In less than a hundred years, Shanghai, teeming with factories, shops, banks, night clubs, race-courses and casinos, became the place for foreigners to seek adventure and romance in China.

Unit 5

Every successful business is built on superior senses of timing, opportunity, responsibility, and,

not infrequently, humor. None, however, is more critical than the ability to sense the market. A senior executive’s instinctive capacity to empathize with and gain insights from customers is the single most important skill he or she can use to direct technologies, product and service offerings, communications programs, indeed, all elements of a company’s strategic posture. Bill Gates, Akio Morita, Sam Walton, and others brought this ability to the enterprises they founded. Without it, their ventures might have been short-lived or at least far less successful. Paying attention to the customer is certainly not a new idea. But many top-level managers, particularly those at industrial companies, consider customer contact the bailiwick of sales and marketing staff. And even if they do believe that market focus is a priority, most retain only limited contact with consumers as their organizations grow, relying instead on subordinates’ reports--second or third hand information-to define and sense the market for them.

每一个成功的工商企业都是建立在一些卓越的意识之上的，即懂得审时度势，抓住机遇，承担责任，并不乏幽默感。但这一切都没有比对市场了的感知能力更重要。高级管理人员的一个非常重要的本事是能很自然地设身处地为客户着想，并从他们的那里获得真知灼见.他们利用这种能力来指导技术、产品和售后服务，沟通计划，乃至公司战略计划的各个方面。比尔·盖茨，盛田昭夫，萨姆·沃尔顿之类的成功者就曾把这种本事带进他们各自创立的企业中。没有这种能力，他们的事业或许只是昙花一现，至少没有像今天这样成功。关注客户，并不是什么新鲜理念。但是许多高层经理，特别是工业公司的高层经理，把与顾客接触看成是销售和市场营销人员的事。即便他们确实也认为市场是公司的重心，但随着公司的发展，他们中大多数人也只与消费者保持十分有限的接触而已。他们判断和把握市场，依赖于下属送来的报告，即二手、三手的材料。

企业文化是一种观念形态，它以企业的价值体系为基础，与企业的管理理念和管理行为紧密项链，是企业管理的核心所在。从狭义上说，它指的是企业在生产经营的实践中形成的一种基本精神和凝聚力，以及全体员工共有的价值观念和行为准则。从广义上说，企业文化还包括企业人员的文化，即企业领导人员的文化心理，文化素养以及员工的文化行为。作为一个经济实体，企业的任务十分明确，即生产更多更好的产品，为社会创造财富。企业所从事的是一种经济活动，同时企业也是一个组织，是由一个多种人聚集而成的集体，而人是一种社会动物，需要一种文化加以规范和调节他们的行为。我们不能把企业看成是纯粹的机器运转和物质变化，而应该把它们看作是一种社会性活动，看作是一种具有社会性的人从事的活动，这是我们了解和认识企业文化的出发点。

Corporate culture is a form of ideal, which is based on the value system of an enterprise and closely related to the management philosophy as well as the management behavior of the enterprise. It is where the kernel/core of business management lies. In the narrow sense, it refers to some fundamental spirit and affinity/cohesion that come into being in the production and management practices of an enterprise, as well as the common values and norms of behavior shared by the whole staff. In the broad sense, corporate culture also includes the culture of specific personnel in the enterprise, namely, the cultural psychological structure of the executives of the enterprise as well as the cultural behavior of the staff members. As an economic entity, the

task of an enterprise is definite, that is, to produce more and better products, to create wealth for the society. What an enterprise is engaged in is kind of economic activity. Meanwhile an enterprise is also regarded as an organization of human beings, who, as a kind of social animals, require a kind of culture to normalize and regulate their behaviors. We should not regard entrepreneurial production as sheer mechanical operation and material change, but as a kind of social activity that the social beings of humans are engaged in. This is the starting point for us to understand and know about entrepreneurial culture.

Unit 8

The first time I met him I was impressed by the far-away look in his eyes. They were such sad eyes, eyes that made you think of old sorrows, old dreams, old mysteries of life. They were certainly the windows of his soul. We were soon on familiar terms and I noticed a quick response to a kindly spoken word, a manner that expressed keen interest in any small attention. Our mere acquaintance developed early into a warm friendship and we had numerous walks together. He was ever a silent friendship and only by his manner were you sure he was enjoying the beauty and freedom of the country roads, the lush meadows, the cooling waters of the brooks we met. I used to enjoy watching his enjoyment, his feeling of companionship, his sense of being in friendly company, and I found myself responding to his moods and cheerful abandonment to the joy of the present moment.

我初次看到他时，就被其深邃的目光打动。那是一双忧郁的眼睛，给人一种生命久远的悲伤、久远的梦幻和神秘。这双眼睛，是真正的心灵之窗。很快，我们就相熟起来；即便是轻声细语，也能在瞬间触动他。他对周围任何一个细节都有浓厚的兴趣，不久，我们从萍水相逢路人变成好朋友，经常在一起散步，温暖着对方。他不说话，唯有通过他的一举一动，你才能发现他沉浸于乡间漫步的美妙和自由，葱郁的草地和凉爽的溪水让他格外兴奋。看到他高兴的样子，看到他沉醉于友情，看到他因为有人陪伴而开心不已，我发现自己也被他的情绪感染，抛开现在的一切，拥抱此刻的欢乐。 我们的一生中，交换无时无刻无处不在。 5岁时，交换的是孩子手中不同口味的棒棒糖。 “我的棒棒糖是葡萄味的，你的呢？” “草莓味。不过我好想尝尝葡萄味的棒棒糖。” “那好吧，我跟你换。”

5岁的孩子有5岁的天真。交换了棒棒糖，交换的不仅仅是葡萄、草莓的不同口味，交换的更是孩童时那一份纯真的友情。

25岁时，交换是情侣手中相同款式的戒指。

“你愿意娶她为你的合法妻子，无论疾病、贫穷、灾难都不离不弃么？” “我愿意。”

“你愿意嫁他为你的合法丈夫，无论疾病、贫穷、灾难都不离不弃么？” “我愿意。”

25岁的人已有了25岁的责任。交换了戒指，交换的不仅仅是一份真志不渝的感情，交换的更是一份享受相伴，共度一生的信任和责任。

Give-and-take takes place all the time in the whole course of our lives. Five-year-old children exchange lollipops of different flavor. “Mine has grape flavor. What about yours?” “Strawberry. I do like to have a taste of a grape-flavored lollipop.”

“Ok, let’s exchange.” That’s what innocent children of five do. What they give each other is not just lollipop of grape-flavor or strawberry-flavor, but also the kind of friendship characteristic of childhood. At 25, it is the marriage rings of the same style that are exchanged.

“Do you like to take her as your legally-wedded wife and to have and hold from this day forward, in sickness and in health, for richer for poorer , for better for worse?” “Yes, I do.”

“Do you like to take him as your legally-wedded husband and to have and hold…?”

“Yes, I do.” People of twenty-five start to shoulder responsibilities at this age. What they exchange the ring is not just the most heart-felt, enduring love, but also the conviction and commitment to spend their lives together unto their very end.

Unit 9

The word “highway” is a misleading name of this phenomenon. This “highway” is more a social and commercial environment than a static network. The “highway” is composed of a network, and computing resources, but more importantly, the “highway” defines a new environment for people, and organizations to interact and communicate with each other. It is for these reasons that the building of such a “highway” can be done as a cooperative task force, rather than the more traditional service provider/user model that has been used in the past. Based on these concepts the information highway can be defined as: “A location-independent user environment that uses high speed networking and computing for multimedia communications.” This virtual environment allows users, for the first time, to communicate with each other in a near natural way, through the merging of three rapidly evolving technologies. These are: transmission, switching, and compression.

“高速公路”这个词是这种现象的一个误导名称。这条“高速公路”与其说是一个静态的网络，不如说是一个社会和商业的环境。该“高速公路”由网络和计算机资源组成，但更重要的是，它定义了一个人与人、组织与组织之间相互作用和联系的新环境。正是由于这些原因，建立这种“高速公路”需要协同合作的力量，而不是过去传统的那种服务提供商／用户模式。基于这些概念，信息高速公路可以定义为：“一种不受地理位置制约的用户环境，它使用高速网络和计算机进行多媒体通讯”。 这种虚拟环境使得用户第一次可以通过同时使用语音、视频、图像和数据，以近乎真实的方式相互交流。这种环境综合了三种快速发展的技术而建立。它们是：传输，交换和压缩。

国际互联网最初是美国国防部建立的一个实验性网络，现在涵盖了世界范围内的2000多万台计算机，估计每年还要增加50万台。它提供电子邮件、数以千计的简报式新闻以及各种

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