现在完成时和一般过去时的区别

现在完成时和一般过去时的区别

现在完成时和一般过去时都表示一个在过去完成的动作，但现在完成时强调的是与现在的关系，如对现在产生的结果或影响等，属于现在时范围，谈论的是现在的情况。而一般过去时只表示动作在过去某一时刻发生，不表示和现在的关系，现在情况可能已发生变化。 Who opened the door? (“谁开的门？”只强调过去开门这一动作，门现在可能已关上。) Who has opened the door? (“谁把门开了？”强调门现在依然还开着。)

◇ 现在完成时不能与明确的过去时间状语连用，如：three days ago, last year, yesterday, last

Sunday, in 2008等等。如句中有以上这些明确的过去时间状语，应用一般过去时。再有，

过去发生的一个动作，

如现在情况已经发生的变化，也应用一般过去时。

☆特别提醒：如果这些过去时间状语前有since，表示“自过去某一时间一直延续到现在”，应用现在完成时。

He finished reading the book the day before yesterday. I put my ruler in my pencil-box, but I can’t find it now. My cousin has been in Nanjing since 2009.

◇现在完成时不与when引导的特殊疑问句连用，when后只用一般过去时表示已发生的动作。但现在完成时可与where, why等疑问词连用。如：Where have you been? (你去过哪里了？) ----The train has left.

----When did the train leave?

◇since引导的时间状语从句后面用一般过去时，只有前面的主句才用现在完成时。 We have known each other since we came to the school two years ago.

◇有些时间状语，如this morning, this month, tonight等，既可以与一般过去时连用，又可以与现在完成时连用，但内涵不同。与一般过去时连用时，表示与“现在”无关，时间已成为过去。而与现在完成时连用，则表示包括“现在”在内。 I saw him this morning. (时间已不在上午了。)

I have seen him this morning. (说话时间还是上午。)

He lived in New York for eight years. (他现在已经不在纽约住了。) He has lived in New York for eight years. (他现在还在纽约居住。)

◇同步练习

动词填空：

1. I ___________(see) Tom last Friday.

2. ________you ________(go) to the Great Wall last summer? 3. ----Where ______ you ______(put) my pen?

----I _______(put) it in my pencil-box, but it’s nowhere to be found. 4. When ______ you _______(start) to live in China? 5. ----The train ____________ (leave) already. ----When ________ the train _________(leave)? 6. It is five years since I ________(meet) you last.

7. Where _______ you ______(be) for the last two weeks?

8. I _________ (lose) my pen in the bedroom. I have to write with a pencil.

单项选择：

( ) 1. ----Where _______ the recorder? I can’t see it anywhere. ---- I _______ it right here. But now it’s gone!

A. did you put; have put B. have you put; put

C. had you put; was putting D. were you putting; have put ( ) 2. My father ________ here since he _______ to this school. A. taught; came B. has taught; came

C. taught; has come D. has taught; has come

( ) 3. I am sorry you’ve missed the train. It _______ 10 minutes ago. (山东) A. left B. has left C. has been left D. had left

( ) 4. Hi! Jim! Nice to meet you again! It’s one year since I last ________ you.(重庆) A. saw B. see C. seeing D. have seen ( ) 5. ---- Have you visited the Dinosaur World, Elsa? （宁波） ---- Yes, I _____ it yesterday.

A. have visited B. had visited C. visited D. visit ( ) 6. ---- Nice to see you. I _______ you for a long time. (南京) ---- I ______ in Bejing. I’ve just come back.

A. hadn’t seen; am B. haven’t seen; was C. didn’t see; will be D. haven’t seen; shall be ( ) 7. ----What is the weather like this summer here? ---- There ______ very little rain.

A. has B. has been C. are D. have been ( ) 8. When _____you _______ your dictionary?

A. did; lose B. has; lost C. will; lose D. does; lose ( ) 9. Where ______ you _______? Which answer is not right? A. are; going B. have; been C. did; go D. are; doing

( ) 10. There ______ many great changes in my hometown since ten years ago. A. were B. have C. are D. have been Keys:

动词填空：

1. saw 2. Did, go 3. have, put, put 4. did, start 5. has left, did, leave 6. met 7. have, been 8. have lost

单项选择：

1~5 BBAAC 6~10 BBADD 现在完成时练习题

一、 单项选择

1. Li Hong has ________ the army for 2 years.

A. joined B. be in C. been in D. joined in 2. We have been friends since ______.

A. children B. five years C. five years ago D. five years before 3. Mike ___________ the story for a month.

A. has bought B. has had C. had had D. has borrowed

4. You ______ that question three times.

A. already asked B. have already asked C. already have asked D. asked already

5. Those foreign friends left Guangzhou __________.

A. since last week B. a week ago C. for a week D. since a week ago 6. I _____ at this school for two years.

A. am studying B. study C. studied D. have studied 7. They _________ in the city since last summer. A. live B. didn’t live C. have lived D. live 8. Mrs. Wang has lived in Haikou _________ 1992. A. since B. from C. after D. in

9. Mr. Black _________ China since the summer of 1998. A. has been to B. has been in C. has come to D. came to 10. His father _______ for years.

A. has died B. has been dead C. died D. dies

11. Mary ________ to see the films because she __________ it twice. A. won’t go, saw B. won’t go, will see C. won’t go, has seen D. didn’t go, sees 12.---- Would you like some more food? ----Thank you. I _______ enough. A. will have B. have had C. have D. had

13. ______ you ______ England? Yes, it _____ a beautiful country. A. Will, gone to, was B.Have, been to, is C. Had, been to, is D.Have, gone to, is 14. ----_______ you _______ to Beijing?

----No, I ______.I ______ there early next month.

A. Have, been, haven’t, am going B. Had, been, hadn’t, am going C. Have, gone, haven’t, was going D. Did,go, didn’t, was going 15. ---You sister ______ to London to study English. Is that true? ---Yes , she ___ there for two months. A. has been, has been B. will go, has gone C. gone, will be D. has gone, has been

16. He has a computer of his own. He ____ it two days ago A. bought B. bought C. bought D. has bought 17. —Where is Li Lei? —He ___ Shanghai.

A. has gone to B. has been to C. went to D. goes to

18. He _______ his homework and is now listening to music. A.. finishes B. has finished C. finish D. is finishing

19. David _______ Shanghai for more than three months. A. came to B. has been to C. has been in D. has come to 20. --- Is your father a Party member?

--- Yes, he ____ the party three years ago. He _____ a Party member for three years. A. joined; has been B. has joined; has been C. was joined; is D. joined; was

21. ---What a nice bike! How lone ____ you ____ it? ----Just five weeks. A. will; buy B. did; buy C. are; having D. have; had

22. I ______ this book for a week .I have to return it now. A. borrowed B. have borrowed C. kept D. have kept

23. ----______ your sister _______ in Green China for a long time? ----Yes. She joined it five years ago.

A. Has; been B. Have; been C. Has; joined D. Have; joined

24. ---How long have you _______ from the USA? ----For three months. A. come back B. returned C. go back D. been back 25. I _____ this book for half a year.

A. have bought B. have had C. bought D. had

26. The students are sorry to hear that famous singer _______ for a year. A. has left B. has gone C. has been away D. has gone away

27. --- ______ you______ your homework yet? ---Yes, I _____ it just now. A. Did; do; finished B. Have; done; finished C. Have; done; have finished D. Will; do; finish

28. The sand storm weather ______ in Beijing several times this year. A. happen B. happened C. has happened D. have happened 29. ---How long have you been here? --- ____ last month. A. For B. Until C. Before D. Since 30. He ____ a cold for three days.

A. has caught B. has had C. has got D. caught 31. Jim Green ____ in China for two years. A. has come B. has been C. has arrived D. came 32. The film ____ for half an hour.

A. has been on B. has begun C. hasn’t begun D. began 33.—Where have you _______ these days？

—I have to Beijing with my friends．

A. been；gone B. been；been C. gone；been D. gone；gone 34．How long have you _______ this book？ A. bought B．borrowed C．had D．lent

35. We have lived here _______ five years ago．

A. when B．since C．before D．after

36．—I have watched the game． —When _____you _______ it？ A．have；watched B．do；watch C．did；watch D．will；watch 37．—How do you like Beijing, Mr. Black？ —Oh，I _______ such a beautiful city．

A．don't visit B．didn't visit C．haven't visited D．hadn't visited 38．Miss Brown _______ to the Great Wall twice．

A．have been B．has been C．have gone D．has gone

39.His brother has been to Stone Forest twice ______ he came to Yunnan． A．after B．before C．since D．for

40．His grandpa _______ for two years．

A．was died B．has been dead C．was dead D．has died

41．—Have you ever_______ to Haikou？

—Yes，I_______ there with my family last August．

A．gone；went B．been；went C．been；went to D．been；was in

42. His sister ______ her hometown for three years. She'll return next year． A．left B．has left C．has been away D．has been away from

以适当形式填空

1. I_______ already _______ (see) the film. I _________ (see) it last week. 2. ----- _______ he ________(finish) his work today ? ------Not yet . 3. -----_____you _______(be) to Hong Kong ? ----Yes, I ________________ (be) there twice .

4. -----_______ you ever ________(eat ) chocolate sundaes ? ----No, never. 5. My father ____ just ________ (come) back from work. He is tired now.

6. Where’s Li Ming ? He ____________ (go) to the teacher’s office.

7. Shanghai _______ (be) a small town hundreds of years ago. Now it ____ (become) a large city.

8. I _____________ (work) here since I __________ (move) here in 1999. 9. So far I ______________(make) quite a few friends here.

10. ---How long ______ the Smiths ________(stay)here? ---- For two weeks. 11. --- I ___________ (see) the film “Chicken Run”. --- Where and when ________ you _______ (see) it? --- Last week.

12. Mary _____ already _______ (have) her supper.

13. I ____________ (not want) to see the film. I ___________ (see) it with my parents. We _________ (see) it last Sunday.

14. ---______ Uncle Wang ______ (mend) the TV yet? ---Yes, he______.

---When _____ he _____ it? --- Yesterday.

15. ______ you _______ (read) today’s newspaper yet?

16. They _____already_____(do) their homework. But they don’t know what_____ (do) next.

17. ---____ you _____ (see) the film last night? ---No, I ___________ (see) it for several times.

18. She ____________ (be) ill for three days.

19. My father ___________ ( buy) a book for me yesterday. He____ already _________(pay) fifty yuan for it.

20. She____________ (not read) this book before.

21. ____ you ever __________ (travel) on a train before? 22. --- ____ Wei Hua _____ (come) yet?

---Yes. She_______ (come) already. She ______ (come) just now.

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