英语一二三章

第一章 句子（根据环境译）英语表达习惯

1、 2、 3、 4、

always remember you 永远记住你 remember you forever(x) it’s a shame/that’s too bad 真遗憾 it’s a pity(x) mind the steps 小心台阶 pay attention to the steps(x) 请勿疲劳驾驶 do not fatigue driving（Don’t try fatigue

driving） 5、

我感到很痛I feel great pain .I am painful(x) painful不以人为

主语，以物为主语。 6、

亚洲四小龙 the four little tigers of Asia

The four little dragons of Asia(x) 7、 8、 9、

百里挑一 one in a thousand one in a hundred(x) 干杯（一饮而尽） Bottoms up. 不许动（警察或劫匪的吆喝语）Freeze!

10、 到此为止吧，不必多说了 period！（句号） 11、 时间到 Game is over /Game! 12、 谢天谢地 Amen！

13、 别紧张 relax！（正方翻译法）

14、 我们吹了 we’re though 完了，没戏了 I’m though 15、 他活不长（生命受到威胁）he’s history

16、 没什么好紧张的（没什么大不了的）No sweat （冒汗） 17、 (从前)海边住着一个渔夫 At the seaside lived a fisherman.(强调)

A fisherman lived at the seaside.(陈述句)

There lived a fisherman at the seaside（很久以前）

18、 随后跳舞开始了 Then they danced./Then then dance began 到时间了。

Then they began to dance./Then dancing began.人们兴致来了。 19、 我老公他看你下岗了，舍不得花钱，就自己跑到电影院买了两张票，今天晚上请你们两个人去看电影。

My husband has bought two film tickets for us tonight, because you’re laid off and have to cut your expenses. 翻译：语言、文化、社会（中文修养） Scope of translation: 语言分类：语内、语际

活动形式：口语、笔译、同声、连续

translation is a kind of science.an art and a craft(技能) 严复：three character guide :信、达、雅 faithfulness、expressiveness、elegance

She could get away (逃避)with anything because he looked such a baby.

The process of translation: A preparation (a basic and background knowledge)?comprehension?expression/representation?revision/proofreading

?comprehension: 1、semantic Analysis(词义分析)

E.g.: He has a reputation（臭名昭著的） of blood-stocker.臭名昭

著的吸血鬼。

She has made a reputation(名誉) for herself through hard work. 2、Analysis of the context of situation{语境}. Ours was a big family, but I was at the bottom(辈分低)

－“I don’t know what you do with you brass(黄铜).”said Mr scurridge.

－“I spend it on you ,”she said ,“Always a good table ,you must have. Never nothing short.”

“不知道你掖着臭钱干什么”史卡力先生问。

“供你吃喝呀！”她回答到“你总是一定要好吃好喝，缺一点也不行”。

3、Non-linguistic context 非语言环境 It’s freezing cold here.这里冷的要死 ?Expression fully充分表达:

We excel at making a living but often fall in making a life he good at.我们善于谋生，却往往不会营造生活。 I have read your work.

我已经批改了你的作业（老师对学生说）。 我看过你的作品（平辈之间）。 我拜读了你的大作（客套话）。

4、Forbidding :over-representation 过分表达。 E.g.: He was on his way to China again.

他有风尘仆仆地踏上了去中国的旅程。 He sold hard-to get items. 他行贿受贿，兜售紧消商品。 5、Under-representation 欠充分表达

E.g.: When we were in the port, my crew was responsible for moving, installing and modifying the items to be tested

The next week, to compound the problems(更糟糕的是), our good ship worming was declared to be unsafe. 译文评估：

1) 句法结构。他昨天来过这了－He came here yesterday. Yesterday he came here. 2) 词义搭配：

人大代表一行五人于春节前观察了这个福利中心。 译文1：A group of five NPC representatives inspected this welfare center on the eve of spring festival.(1.0)

译文2：?????????visited??????????. 3) 修辞色彩：

香港总督尤德爵士今晨北京逝世。

译文1：Sir Edward Youde, Governor of Hong Kong, passed away in Beijing this morning.

译文2：??，died/breathed his last/kicked the bucket??。 4) 风格层次：

我不善于讲话，也不习惯发表演说，我一生没做过教室。 译文1: I am not good at talking, and I’m not used to giving lectures ,I have never done any teaching either.口语

译文2：Taking is not my province, nor is lecturing, never have I taken up teaching as my professing, either.书面 5) 逻辑结构：

己所不欲，勿施于人（正反译）

译文1：Don’t do unto others, what you don’t want to be done by.(1.0)

译文2：Do unto others, as you would be done by.(0.5) 6) 形象变通： 瞧，你像只落汤鸡！

You look like a drowned chicken! 中西文化 You look like a downed rat! Look! You are wet through!(1.0) 7) 心理转换： 这是一篇八股文。 This is a bagu essay.(0.2) This is an eight-legged essay.

This is a stereotyped(固定模式) essay.(0.5) 8) 社会规范:

劳驾，去市场街怎么走?

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