新标准大学英语三1-10单元课后答案

Unit 1 Discovering yourself

Active reading (1)

3 Choose the best summary of what happened in the crab cage.

3 The cage was full of crabs. One of them was trying to escape, but each time it reached the top the other crabs pulled it back. In the end it gave up trying and started to prevent other crabs from escaping.

4 Choose the best answer to the questions.

1 What happened to the students in the fall of the final year? (a) They became more relaxed. (b) They became more serious. (c) They spent more time outside. (d) They stopped going to lessons.

2 Why did some people have bags under their eyes in the morning? (a) They’d been to an all-night party.

(b) They’d started worrying about their future. (c) They’d spent all night in the library. (d) They wanted to impress their teachers.

3 Which students had already planned their future? (a) The ones who had the best grades.

(b) The ones who came from wealthy families.

(c) The quieter ones who didn’t have the best grades.

(d) The ones who wanted to get married and start a family. 4 Why did the writer go home? (a) He wanted to speak to his father.

(b) He could study better at home than at college. (c) He had to attend a job interview. (d) It was a national holiday.

5 Why did his father take him out to catch crabs? (a) They needed to get something to eat for dinner. (b) He wanted to show him how to catch crabs. (c) He wanted to tell him something about life.

(d) They both wanted to enjoy the coastline and the sea. 6 What advice did his father give him? (a) Get to know yourself better. (b) Watch what others do carefully. (c) Always listen to your father.

(d) You can’t always do what you want.

Dealing with unfamiliar words

5 Match the words in the box with their definitions.

1 achieving good results (productive)

2 the fact of being present at an event, or of going regularly to school, church etc (attendance) 3 the refusal to accept something new, such as a plan, idea, or change (resistance) 4 determined to be successful, rich, famous etc (ambitious) 5 agreement to a plan, offer, or suggestion (acceptance)

6 the written words of a play, film, television programme, speech etc (script) 7 very good, large, or showing great skill (impressive)

6 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 5.

To be a successful film scriptwriter takes more than training although (1) attendance on a screenwriting course will definitely help you learn the skills. You also need to be very (2) ambitious – the film business is very competitive. You have to be prepared to work hard and be very (3) productive because it takes more than just one good idea to make it big. No matter how (4) impressive your idea is, there will always be (5) resistance from producers because it’s too expensive. So make sure you have plenty of others to show them. What are you waiting for? Get on with writing that brilliant (6) script and plan your (7) acceptance speech for when you win your first Oscar!

7 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. 1 We’ve seen a place we like and we’re applying for a loan to buy a house. (mortgage)

2 We stood on the top floor of the boat and watched the coast disappear into the horizon. (deck)

3 I love to walk along the beach and watch the waves breaking, and the white water hitting the shore. (surf)

4 In seaside areas in the north-east of the country, life is hard and fishermen have to go against the forces of nature every time they go to work. (coastal; defy)

5 Agreement was finally reached after a long and heated discussion. (lengthy)

8 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.

1 If you watch an impromptu performance of something, has it (a) been prepared, or (b) not been prepared?

2 When you map out your future, do you (a) plan it carefully, or (b) draw a sketch of it on paper? 3 If you brace yourself for something unpleasant, do you (a) try not to think about it, or (b) prepare yourself for it mentally and physically?

4 Do you moor a boat by (a) turning the steering wheel, or (b) tying it to a post with a rope?

5 Is a rusty piece of metal something that (a) is bright and shiny, or (b) might have been left out in the rain and is covered with brown substance?

6 If a bowl is brimming with soup, is it (a) very full, or (b) half empty?

7 If someone is being held captive, are they (a) free to do as they please, or (b) being kept as a prisoner? 8 If you have figured out something, have you (a) added numbers together, or (b) understood it?

Active reading (2)

Reading and understanding

3 Choose the best summary of the passage.

3 Life is short. So there’s no point in planning for a future which may never come. Now is the time to do what we want to do. There’s no time to lose.

Dealing with unfamiliar words

4 Match the words in the box with their definitions. 1 involving three things of the same kind (triple)

2 an area of ground where dead people are buried (cemetery) 3 the part of a place or thing that is at the back (rear)

4 a book that someone writes about someone else’s life (biography) 5 to put people or things into a space that is too small (cram)

6 at the very beginning of a career and likely to be successful at it (budding) 7 continuing only for a limited time or distance (finite) 8 to pass (elapse)

5 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.

1 About two hours elapsed before we reached the cemetery where the war dead were buried. 2 I sat in the rear seat behind the driver. My three sisters were all crammed in the front.

3 The entrance to the car park was blocked, so the road was full of cars which had been triple-parked one against another, making it almost impossible to get past.

4 We have a number of budding authors in our class this year, one of whom has written a fascinating biography of his grandmother. 5 The time we have on this earth may be finite, but there are no limits to the human imagination.

6 Answer the questions about the words.

1 If you substantiate a claim, do you (a) prove it is true, or (b) persuade someone that it is true? 2 If someone tramples over something, do they (a) pour water over it, or (b) walk all over it? 3 If someone’s arrival is untimely, is it (a) at the wrong moment, or (b) late?

4 If events are described chronologically, do they occur (a) in the order in which they happened, or (b) in no particular order?

5 Is ingeniously likely to mean (a) artistically, or (b) cleverly?

6 Is knackered an informal British word meaning (a) very relaxed, or (b) extremely tired? 7 Is patently likely to mean (a) obviously, or (b) usually?

8 When something is allotted to you, is it (a) given to you, or (b) taken from you?

7 Answer the questions about the phrases.

1 If you check something out, do you (a) find out, or (b) not think about it?

2 If you see something from the sidelines, do you (a) take part in the action, or (b) stay away from it? 3 If something is down to you, is it your (a) bad luck, or (b) responsibility?

4 If you have something on the back burner, (a) will you look at it later, or (b) are you interested in it now?

5 If you are in a position to do something, are you (a) able, or (b) unable to do it?

6 If time is ticking away, does it seem (a) as if it will last forever, or (b) to be passing quickly? 7 If you can have one shot at something, (a) are you allowed to shoot it, or (b) do you have only one chance to do it?

8 If you make the best of something, do you (a) enjoy it while you can, or (b) work hard to make it a success? 9 If a girl stands you up, does she (a) fail to turn up for a date, or (b) refuse to sit down when you ask her to?

Language in use

word formation: compound words

2 Rewrite the phrases using compound adjectives. 1 a party which is held late at night (a late-night party) 2 a library which is well stocked (a well-stocked library)

3 a professor who is world famous (a world-famous professor) 4 some advice which is well timed (some well-timed advice)

5 a population which is growing rapidly (a rapidly-growing population) 6 an economy which is based on free market (a free-market economy) 7 a boat trip which lasts for half an hour (a half-hour boat trip)

It’s what / how … that …

3 Rewrite the sentences using It’s what / how … that …

1 What other people think of us is determined by how we behave. It’s how we behave that determines what other people think of us.

2 What sort of job we are going to end up doing is usually determined by our character.

It’s what our character is that usually determines what sort of job we are going to end up doing. 3 What we do as a career isn’t always determined by the marks we get at university. It isn’t always what marks we get at university that determine what we do as a career. 4 How we react to life’s problems is often determined by our childhood experiences.

It is often what we experienced in our childhood that determines how we react to life’s problems. 5 When we die is determined by our genetic clock, and the changes we make to it. It’s what our genetic clock is and what changes we make to it that determine when we die.

It is / was not just that … but …

4 Rewrite the sentences using It is / was not just that … but …

1 Not only were the shops all closed for Thanksgiving, there was also no one in the streets.

It wasn’t just that the shops were all closed for Thanksgiving, but there was no one in the streets. 2 Not only did she spend all her time at college going to parties, she also took the time to gain a first-class degree.

It wasn’t just that she spent all her time at college going to parties, but she took the time to gain a firstclass degree.

3 Not only were they not listening to what he said, it also seemed as if they weren’t at all interested. It wasn’t just that they weren’t listening to what he said, but it seemed as if they weren’t at all interested. 4 Not only was I upset, I also felt as if I was going to burst out crying.

It wasn’t just that I was upset, but I felt as if I was going to burst out crying.

5 Not only was the Grim Reaper intended to frighten people, it was also a figure of fun.

It wasn’t just that the Grim Reaper was intended to frighten people, but it was also a figure of fun.

6 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.

1 We all sensed we were coming to the end of our stay here, that we would never get a chance like this again, and we became determined not to waste it. Most important of course were the final exams in April and May in the following year. No one wanted the humiliation of finishing last in class, so the peer group pressure to work hard was strong. Libraries which were once empty after five o’clock in the afternoon were standing room only until the early hours of the morning, and guys wore the bags under their eyes and their pale, sleepy faces with pride, like medals proving their diligence.

我们都觉得在校时间不多了，以后再也不会有这样的学习机会了，所以都下定决心不再虚度光阴。当然，下一年四五月份的期末考试最为重要。我们谁都不想考全班倒数第一，那也太丢人了，因此同学们之间的竞争压力特别大。以前每天下午五点以后，图书馆就空无一人了，现在却要等到天快亮时才会有空座，小伙子们熬夜熬出了眼袋，他们脸色苍白，睡眼惺忪，却很自豪，好像这些都是表彰他们勤奋好学的奖章。

2 Tomorrow? It’s all a lie; there isn’t a tomorrow. There’s only a promissory note that we are often not in a position to cash. It doesn’t even exist. When you wake up in the morning it’ll be today again and all the same rules will apply. Tomorrow is just another version of now, an empty field that will remain so unless we start planting some seeds. Your time, which is ticking away as we speak (at about 60 seconds a minute chronologically; a bit faster if you don’t invest your time wisely), will be gone and you’ll have nothing to show for it but regret and a rear-view mirror full of ―could haves‖, ―should haves‖ and ―would haves‖.

明天行吗？明天只是个谎言；根本就没有什么明天，只有一张我们常常无法兑现的期票。明天甚至压根儿就不存在。你早上醒来时又是另一个今天了，同样的规则又可以全部套用。明天只是现在的另一种说法，是一块空地，除非我们开始在那里播种，否则它永远都是空地。你的时间会流逝（时间就在我们说话的当下嘀嗒嘀塔地走着，每分钟顺时针走60 秒，如果你不能很好地利用它，它会走得更快些），而你没有取得任何成就来证明它的存在，唯独留下遗憾，留下一面后视镜，上面写满了―本可以做‖、―本应该做‖、―本来会做‖的事情。

7 Translate the paragraphs into English.

1 对于是否应该在大学期间详细规划自己的未来，学生们意见不一。有的人认为对未来应该有一个明确的目标和详细的计划，为日后可能遇到的挑战做好充分的准备；有的人则认为不用过多考虑未来，因为未来难以预料。(map out; brace oneself for; uncertainty)

Students differ about whether they should have their future mapped out when they are still at university. Some think they should have a definite goal and detailed plan, so as to brace themselves for any

challenges, whereas some others think they don’t have to think much about the future, because future is full of uncertainties.

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