基于单片机的热水器控制系统设计 - 图文

济南大学泉城学院

毕 业 设 计

题 目 基于单片机的热水器控制系统设计 学 院 工学院 专 业 电气工程及其自动化 班 级 1302班 学 生 李燕 学 号 2013011198 指导教师 张兴达 魏志轩

二〇一七年五月十六日

济南大学泉城学院毕业设计

摘 要

随着国民经济的迅猛发展，人们对生活质量的要求越来越高。作为日常的家用电器，热水器成为了人们的关注对象之一。传统的热水器只具有简单的加热、加水、亮灯指示等功能，难以满足人们的需求。针对这一问题，本设计提出了一款基于单片机的热水器控制系统。

本次设计主要分为硬件系统设计和软件系统设计。硬件系统设计主要包含了AT89S52单片机、电源电路、显示电路、指示灯电路、测温电路、水位检测电路、报警电路、遥控接收电路、注水继电器控制电路、复位电路、晶振电路、按键电路。软件系统设计主要运用了C语言编写程序，KEIL软件和PROTEUS软件联合进行仿真。旨在设计出一款可用遥控器自由设置温度范围和预约时间、LCD1602液晶显示温度和时间，且具备报警功能的智能热水器，热水器在工作时加热、加水、缺水等具有相应的指示灯，当热水器的水位达到水位上限时，蜂鸣器开始报警。通过仿真与调试及实物制作，本次设计的热水器控制系统能够实现预设功能，本设计为进一步研究、应用提供了一定的数据参考。

关键词：单片机；传感器；热水器

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济南大学泉城学院毕业设计

ABSTRACT

With the rapid development of the national economy, people's quality of life requirements are getting higher and higher. As a daily household appliances, water heaters have become one of the people concerned about the object. The traditional water heater only has a simple heating, water, light instructions and other functions, it is difficult to meet people's needs. Aiming at this problem, this design presents a intelligent control system of water heater based on single chip microcomputer.

This design is divided into hardware system design and software system design. Hardware system design mainly includes the AT89S52 microcontroller, power circuit, display circuit, indicator circuit, temperature measurement circuit, water level detection circuit, alarm circuit, remote control receiver circuit, water injection relay control circuit, reset circuit, crystal circuit, key circuit. Software system design mainly uses the C language program, KEIL software and PROTEUS software joint simulation. Designed to design a free remote control can set the temperature range and appointment time, LCD1602 liquid crystal display temperature and time, and have the alarm function of intelligent water heater, water heater in the work of heating, water, water and other indicators with the corresponding, when When the water level of the water heater reaches the upper limit of the water level, the buzzer starts to alarm. Through the simulation and debugging and in-kind production, this design of the water heater control system can achieve the default function, the design for further research, application provides a certain data reference.

Key words: Single-chip; sensor; water heater

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济南大学泉城学院毕业设计

目 录

摘要 ........................................................................................................................................ I ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................................... II 1 前言 ................................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 选题背景及意义 ..................................................................................................... 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 ..................................................................................................... 1 2 主要研究内容 ................................................................................................................... 3

2.1 主要设计内容 ......................................................................................................... 3 2.2 总体设计方案 ......................................................................................................... 3

2.2.1 硬件设计方案 ............................................................................................... 3 2.2.2 软件设计方案 ............................................................................................... 4

3 硬件系统设计 ................................................................................................................... 5

3.1 AT89S52单片机 ...................................................................................................... 5 3.2 测温电路 ................................................................................................................. 6 3.3 水位检测电路 ......................................................................................................... 7 3.4 遥控接收电路 ......................................................................................................... 7 3.5 显示电路 ................................................................................................................. 8 3.6 按键电路 ................................................................................................................. 9 3.7 报警电路 ................................................................................................................. 9 3.8 电源电路 ............................................................................................................... 10 3.9 指示灯电路 ........................................................................................................... 10 3.10 复位电路 ............................................................................................................. 11 3.11 晶振电路 ............................................................................................................. 11 3.12 注水继电器控制电路 ......................................................................................... 12 4 软件系统设计 ................................................................................................................. 13

4.1 编程软件介绍 ....................................................................................................... 13 4.2 主程序设计 ........................................................................................................... 13 4.3 子程序设计 ........................................................................................................... 14

4.3.1定时中断子程序设计 .................................................................................. 14 4.3.2 水位检测子程序设计 ................................................................................. 15 4.3.3 加热继电器控制子程序设计 ..................................................................... 16

5 系统仿真与调试 ............................................................................................................. 18

5.1 仿真软件介绍 ....................................................................................................... 18

5.1.1 Proteus软件 ................................................................................................. 18 - III -

济南大学泉城学院毕业设计

5.1.2 Keil软件 ...................................................................................................... 18 5.2 系统电路仿真 ....................................................................................................... 18 5.3 PCB板设计与制作 ................................................................................................ 19

5.3.1 PCB介绍 ...................................................................................................... 19 5.3.2 PCB板设计 .................................................................................................. 19 5.3.3 PCB板实现 .................................................................................................. 20 5.3.4 电路板制作 ................................................................................................. 20 5.4 系统调试 ............................................................................................................... 21 6 结论 ................................................................................................................................. 25 参考文献 ............................................................................................................................. 26 致谢 ..................................................................................................................................... 27 附录1 原理图 .................................................................................................................... 28 附录2 实物图 .................................................................................................................... 29 附录3 元器件清单 ............................................................................................................ 30 附录4 程序清单 ................................................................................................................ 31

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