高中英语书面表达写作技巧-书面表达中的高级结构

书面表达中的高级结构

一．高级词汇

1．occur 替换 think of

Suddenly I had an idea that someone had broken into my house. → An idea occurred to me that someone had broken into my house. It occurred to me that someone had broken into my house. 2．devote替换spend

He spends all his spare time in reading. → He devotes all his spare time to reading. 3．seek替换want / look for

They sought ( wanted ) to hide themselves behind the trees. 4．average 替换ordinary

I’m an average ( ordinary ) student. 5．but替换very

The film we saw last night was very interesting. → The film we saw last night was nothing but interesting. The film we saw last night was anything but boring. 6．seat 替换sit

On his way to school, he found an old lady seated (sitting) by the road, looking worried.

7．suppose 替换should

He is supposed to ( should ) have driven more slowly. 8．appreciate 替换thank

Thank you very much for you help. →

We appreciate your help very much. / Your help is much appreciated. 9．the case替换 true

I don’t think it is the case ( true ). 10．on替换as soon as

As soon as he arrived, he began his research. →

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On his arrival, he began his research.. 11．due to替换because of

He arrived late due to ( because of ) the storm. 12．cover替换walk/read

After covering (walking) 10 miles, we all felt tired. 13．contribute to替换 be helpful/useful

Plenty of memory work is undoubtedly helpful to English study. → Plenty of memory work will undoubtedly contribute to English study. 14．round the corner 替换 coming soon/ nearby

① The summer vacation is round the corner ( coming). Do you have any plans?

② Li Ming studies in a school round the corner (nearby). 15．come to light替换discover

The family were so pleased when they discovered the lost jewels. → The family were so pleased when the lost jewels came to light. 16．have a ball替换have a good time/ enjoy oneself

After visiting the workshop, we went back to school. Every one of us had a ball ( had a good time ).

17．come up with替换think of

Jack is very clever. He often comes up with ( thinks of ) new ideas. 18．set aside替换save

Some students think that they should set aside some of their pocket money for books. (2004天津卷) 19．be of + n. 替换adj.

The products are of high quality (very good ) and are sold everywhere in China. 20．refer to 替换talk about/of, mention

The professor you referred to (talked about ) is very famous. 21．can not but / can not help but替换have to do

I could not but (had to) go home. 22．more often than not替换usually

More often than not (Usually), the meaning of many words can be easily guessed.

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23．lest替换so that /in order that

I wrote down his telephone number so that I would not forget it. → I wrote down his telephone number lest I (should) forget it. 24．be long for sth. / be long to do sth. 替换want to do sth./wish for I want to see you very much. → I am long to see you.

25．be caught up in/be crazy about/be absorbed in/be addicted to替换be interested in

He is caught up in ( very interested in ) collecting stamps. 26．more than替换very

① I’m very glad to learn that you are coming in September. →

I’m more than glad to learn that you are coming in September. ( NMET 2003 ) ② If there is anything I can do for you, I would be more than glad to help.(2004全国卷)

27．perfect (ly) 替换good/ very well

He speaks perfect ( good ) English./ He speaks English perfectly ( very well ). 28．do sb a/the favor 替换help

Would you please do me the favor ( help me ) to turn down the radio? 29．the other day替换a few days ago

The other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle. ( NMET 1997 ) 30．in the course of替换during

In the course of (During) the mountain-climbing, please help each other and pay special attention to your safety. 31．the majority of替换most

The majority of (Most of ) the interviewees prefer watching TV at home to going to the cinema.

32．consist of替换be made up of

Our class consists of ( is made up of ) 50 students. 33．be worn out替换 be tired / broken

① After five hours’ non-stop work, we were all worn out (tired). ② My shoes are worn out (broken). Please buy me a new pair.

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34．become of替换 happen

What do think has become of ( happened to ) him ? 35．attend to替换look after 36．on condition that替换as long as 37．nevertheless替换however

38．express one’s satisfaction with替换be satisfied with 39．spare no efforts to do替换try one’s best to do 40．many a 替换many

41．be rushed off one’s feet 替换be busy in doing 42．a handful of替换a little / some 43．meanwhile替换at the same time 44．get to one’s feet替换stand up 45．beneath替换under

46．occasionally替换sometimes /once in while 47．for instance替换for example 48．seldom替换not often 49．wealthy替换 rich 50．amazing替换surprising 51．as a matter of fact 替换in fact 二．高级句型结构 ◆ It句型

① It will be + some time + before…

It won’t be long before humans visit the Mars. ② It is + adj./n.+ for sb to do sth.

It is very important for us to learn computer well, because it has changed our life so much.

He said since it was a new model in China, it was impossible to fix it without the right spare parts.（2008年湖北卷） ③ It is + 被强调部分 + that…

1) It is what Yang Liwei has done that encourages us a lot.

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2) Those who like reading extensively say it is through reading that we get our knowledge.

◆ more …than any other 表示最高级

Among the optional courses, spoken English and computer study are more popular

than any one else. ◆ 名词从句

① It would mean a great deal to me to listen to the tape and learn what is covered in the talk. ( 2004 全国卷 Ⅲ ) ② My hometown is no longer what it used to be. ◆（非限制性）定语从句

① The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street. It is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.→

The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street, which is not far from Jianxin Chinese School. (NMET 2003) ② It was quite an experience for us both, which I’ll never forget for the rest of my life. (2002 北京卷)

◆ 分词结构

① I don’t know about others, but I used to have to work even at weekends doing endless homework and attending classes as well. (NMET 2001) ② We’ll mostly stay at home in the evening watching TV, playing games, and meeting people. (2004 全国卷Ⅱ)

③ Hearing this, a few people began to run after him.（2004 辽宁卷）

④ Born in American, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor.（2008年湖

南卷）

◆ with结构

① A terrible accident happened yesterday, with nine people killed and almost eighty injured. ② He was carrying a bedroll and a large bag on his shoulder, with a large suitcase in his left hand. 第 5 页 共 17 页

◆ 倒装句

① The library is to the east of the teaching building. → East of the teaching building is the library. ② Although we are tired, we are happy.→ Tired as we are, we are happy. ③ Only in this way can he grow to be a useful man. (2002 上海卷)

④ May all your dreams come true! May our friendship last till the end of the universe.!（2007年湖南卷） ◆ 被动语态

① Opinions are divided on the question. (NMET 2002)

② All classes are taught by teachers with rich experience in teaching foreign students. (2004全国卷 Ⅳ)

③ New factories, houses and roads have been built.(2004 江苏卷) ◆ 巧妙的改写

（1）．Only 改成no one but

Only Tom passed the exam last week. → No one but Tom passed the exam. （2）．as soon as …改成No sooner…than…/Hardly…when…/Immediately…/The

moment No sooner had we arrived at the cinema than the film started. （3）．have sb/sth do/done

The girl was knocked off her bicycle and had her leg broken (her leg was

broken.).

（4）．变换插入语的位置

① However, they suggest fees should be charged low. →

They suggest, however, fees should be charged low. (NMET 2002)

② I think this is a good chance for you to show your singing talent, and how

well you’ve learned Chinese. →

This is a good chance for you, I think, to show your singing talent, and how

well you’ve learned Chinese. (2004 全国卷Ⅰ) (5). 用同位语代替非限制性定语从句

Meimei, who is seven years old, has been learning to ride a bicycle for

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several days.→

Meimei, a girl of thirteen, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days. (2002上海卷)

Shakespeare, a son from a poor family, a man of little education, wrote plays and poems that are read all over the world.（2008年湖南卷）

◆ 其它

（1）注重句子的开头 ① 用with复合结构开头

With the sun setting in the west, we had to wave goodbye to the workers. With his help, we've learned how to analyze and settle problems.（2006年湖南卷）

With the functions of inserting, deleting, moving and copying, it enables us to edit test, browse web page and download what we want.（2009年江苏卷）

② 用非谓语动词形式开头

ⅰ）In order to improve our English, our school held an English contest. ⅱ）Walking towards the cinema, he met a foreigner.

（2）长短句交错使用（注意：应突出主题句；长句子并非越长越好）

◆◆ 相关过渡语

1). 表示时间顺序: first, then, afterwards, meanwhile, later，first of all, finally, at

last…

2). 表示空间顺序: near, next to, far from, in front of, on the left, on one side… 3). 表示比较、对照: like, unlike, such as, but, however, on the other hand, on the contrary, nevertheless, otherwise…

4). 表示因果关系: because, for, as a result, therefore, thus…

5). 表示递进关系: besides, what’s more, what was worse, moreover, furthermore, in addition, on top of…

6). 表示并列关系: and, as well as, also…

7). 表示总结性: in general, in a word, in short, on the whole, to sum up, in brief, to conclude…

◆强调句：可以轻松地将时间、地点、原因、方式等类型的状语从句转变为强调句。

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It was not until I arrived home that I realized I had left the bag on the shop counter. It was then that I realized the importance of English.

◆倒装句：只要句中有介词短语或状语从句，便可将其提前，变成倒装句。

Only when I turned right at the crossing did that car crack towards me.

Only by this means can he escape from the big fire.

◆with引导的伴随结构：可以将状语从句或并列句中的其中一个分句变成with结构。

With the sun lighting brightly and the birds singing clearly, I went to school in high spirits

He always likes to sleep with the windows open.

◆巧妙地使用非谓语动词：可以将状语从句或并列的动词简化为非谓语动词。

Hearing that, the driver’s wife quickly added that her husband often talked nonsense after

drinking. (低级形式：When he heard that, ……)

◆恰到好处的被动句：适合应用于较简短的句子，这样显得语言简洁生动，宾语一般是

nothing、anything、everything等不定代词。

Searched all my pockets, but nothing was found。

◆感叹句：通常用于开头结尾活跃文章气氛，凡是“I feel ……”之类表达感情的句子皆可如

此改造。

How terrible I felt today! I failed again in the math exam.

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◆高级定语从句：若定语从句中的动词带有介词，只需将介词移至先行词后。

We came to a place to which they had never paid a visit before.

◆进行时态：有时会含有一定情绪，尤其要使用always这样的富含感情色彩的副词。

I am always feeling terrible when I take a bus.

◆婉转表达：需要使用幽默的技巧，主要用于漫画型作文题。

I could find nothing but bad luck when I returned the shop after learning that my handbag

had been left on the counter.

◆what引导的名词性从句：将动宾结构转化为此结构。

What he gave me, which I knew, were not only a Christmas present but also a heart full of

love and a mind of my existence in it.

◆“数词+名词”变为“as many as+数词+名词”。

As many as ten years ago, my hometown used to be covered by forests

◆适当加一些不关痛痒的插入语：一些连词、副词可以放到句子中间充当语气较弱的插入语，如I guess、however、in a way、certainly、in my opinion、probably、briefly, generally speaking, believe it or not, besides, what’s more等，有时可以考虑几个插入语连用，就更像

英美人士的文章了。

◆独立主格：将主从句去掉连词，前句动词变为分词即可。

The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills.

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◆把简单句改成复合句：适当的时候把两个简单句改成“too….to…”或者“so…that…”等高

级一点的复合句。例如：

I was very tired. I couldn’t keep up with them.我们可以改成：I was so tired that I couldn’t

keep up with them.或：I was too tired to keep up with them.

这样一来，英语基础不是很好的学生只要能够写出最基本的句子，然后再对这些句子进行加工、改造、润色，慢慢的，就会让句子靓起来，在高考中就可以得到比较满意的成绩。

提高英语写作分数的88个词组

1.经济的快速发展 the rapid development of economy

2.人民生活水平的显著提高/ 稳步增长the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of people’s living standard

3.先进的科学技术 advanced science and technology

4.面临新的机遇和挑战 be faced with new opportunities and challenges 5.人们普遍认为 It is commonly believed/ recognized that… 6.社会发展的必然结果 the inevitable result of social development

7.引起了广泛的公众关注 arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention 8.不可否认 It is undeniable that…/ There is no denying that… 9.热烈的讨论/ 争论 a heated discussion/ debate 10. 有争议性的问题 a controversial issue 11.完全不同的观点 a totally different argument

12.一些人 …而另外一些人 … Some people… while others… 13. 就我而言/ 就个人而言 As far as I am concerned, / Personally, 14.就…达到绝对的一致 reach an absolute consensus on… 15.有充分的理由支持 be supported by sound reasons 16.双方的论点 argument on both sides

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17.发挥着日益重要的作用 play an increasingly important role in… 18.对…必不可少 be indispensable to … 19.正如谚语所说 As the proverb goes: 20.…也不例外 …be no exception

21.对…产生有利/不利的影响 exert positive/ negative effects on… 22.利远远大于弊 the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages。 23.导致，引起 lead to/ give rise to/ contribute to/ result in 24.复杂的社会现象 a complicated social phenomenon

25.责任感 / 成就感 sense of responsibility/ sense of achievement 26. 竞争与合作精神 sense of competition and cooperation 27. 开阔眼界 widen one’s horizon/ broaden one’s vision 28.学习知识和技能 acquire knowledge and skills 29.经济/心理负担 financial burden / psychological burden 30.考虑到诸多因素 take many factors into account/ consideration 31. 从另一个角度 from another perspective 32.做出共同努力 make joint efforts 33. 对…有益 be beneficial / conducive to… 34.为社会做贡献 make contributions to the society 35.打下坚实的基础 lay a solid foundation for… 36.综合素质 comprehensive quality 37.无可非议 blameless / beyond reproach 39.致力于/ 投身于 be committed / devoted to… 40. 应当承认 Admittedly,

41.不可推卸的义务 unshakable duty 42. 满足需求 satisfy/ meet the needs of… 43.可靠的信息源 a reliable source of information 44.宝贵的自然资源 valuable natural resources 45.因特网 the Internet (一定要由冠词，字母I 大写) 46.方便快捷 convenient and efficient

47.在人类生活的方方面面 in all aspects of human life

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48.环保(的) environmental protection / environmentally friendly 49.社会进步的体现 a symbol of society progress

50.科技的飞速更新 the ever-accelerated updating of science and technology 51.对这一问题持有不同态度 hold different attitudes towards this issue 52.支持前/后种观点的人 people / those in favor of the former/ latteropinion 53.有/ 提供如下理由/ 证据 have/ provide the following reasons/ evidence 54.在一定程度上 to some extent/ degree / in some way 55. 理论和实践相结合 integrate theory with practice 56. …必然趋势 an irresistible trend of…

57.日益激烈的社会竞争 the increasingly fierce social competition 58.眼前利益 immediate interest/ short-term interest 59.长远利益. interest in the long run

60.…有其自身的优缺点 … has its merits and demerits/ advantages and disadvantages 61.扬长避短 Exploit to the full one’s favorable conditions and avoid unfavorable ones 62.取其精髓，取其糟粕 Take the essence and discard the dregs。 63.对…有害 do harm to / be harmful to/ be detrimental to 64.交流思想/ 情感/ 信息 exchange ideas/ emotions/ information

65.跟上…的最新发展 keep pace with / catch up with/ keep abreast with the latest development of …

66.采取有效措施来… take effective measures to do sth 67.…的健康发展 the healthy development of … 68.有利有弊 Every coin has its two sides。 No garden without weeds。

69.对…观点因人而异 Views on …vary from person to person。 70.重视 attach great importance to… 71.社会地位 social status

72.把时间和精力放在…上 focus time and energy on… 73.扩大知识面 expand one’s scope of knowledge 74.身心两方面 both physically and mentally

75.有直接/间接关系 be directly / indirectly related to…

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