考博英语词汇复习之基础部分

考博英语词汇复习之基础部分（一）

来源：考试大 【学而优则进，考试大以成！】 2010年6月10日 A

a/an ability able about above absent accept accident ache achieve across act action active activity actor actress actual add address admire admit adverb advice advise aeroplane airplane affair afraid Africa African after afternoon afterwards again against age ago agree agreeable agreement agricultural

ahead* aid aim air aircraft airport alike alive all allow almost alone* along aloud already also although altogether always amend America American among(st) amuse amusement ancient and anger angry animal announce another* answer ant anxious any anybody anyhow anyone anybody anything anyway anywhere apartment apologize appear appearance apple appoint appointment approve April Arabian area argue argument army around arrange arrival arrive art artist as* ashamed Asia Asian ask* asleep assist at atom August aunt Australia Australian author autumn avoid away awfully B baby back* backward bad badly bag ball* banana banner barely basic basketball bathroom battle be beard beautiful beauty because become bedroom bee beef beer before beg begin beginner beginning behind believe bell below beneath beside besides best* better between beyond bicycle big bike bird birth bit black blackboard blind* blood blue boat body bomb bone book boot born borrow bottle box boy brain brave bread break* breakfast breathe bridge bright bring Britain British broken brother brown build building burn* bury bus busy but* buy by C cake calm camel camera camp can* Canada Canadian cancer cap car careful carry* cat celebrate center central century certain certainly chair chairman change cheap chemical chemist chemistry chicken chiefly child chimney China Chinese choice choose Christmas cinema city classmate classroom clean clear* clever climate climb clock* cloth clothe clothes clothing cloud cloudy club coal coast coat cock coffee cold collect college color bomb come* comfort comfortable command communism compete complete computer comrade concert conclude congratulation connect consider continue control* conversation cool copper corn corner correct cost* cotton cough could country countryside courage court cover* cow crazy create crime criminal crisis crop crowd cruel cry cucumber culture cup cure customer cut* D dad daily damage dance danger* dangerous dark darling daughter dawn day daylight daytime dead deaf dear death debate December decent decide decision declare deep deepen deeply deer defeat defend defense degree demand department depend dependence dependent depth desire desk despair destroy dialog diamond diary dictionary diet differ difference different difficult difficulty dig diligent dinner direction directly director dirty disagree disappear disappoint disaster discover discovery discuss disease dish dislike dismiss distance distant* district disturb dive divide do* doctor dog* dollar donkey door* double* doubtful down downstairs downtown downward dozen drag dragon drama dream dress* drink drive driver drop* drum drunk dry duck dull during dusk dust dying E each* eager eagle ear early earn earth earthquake easily east eastern eastward easy eat editor(编辑) educate education egg eight eighteen eighth eighty either elder eldest elect elephant eleven eleventh else* elsewhere emperor empire empty enable encourage end* endanger ending enemy energy England English enjoy enough enter entire envelope equal error especially essay Europe European evening ever every everybody everyday everyone everything everywhere exact exactly exam*examination examine example excellent excite excitement exciting excuse exercise exhibit exhibition exist expect expensive experience experiment expert explain export expression extra extreme eye eyesight F face* factory fail failure fair fairly fall* false* familiar family famous far* farewell(再见) fax fear fearful February feed* feel* feeling fellow fellowship female festival fever few fifteen fifth fifty fight finally find* fine* finger finish fire* first fish fist fit five fix fixed flag flame flavor flood floor flow flower fluent fly fog fold follow* following fond food fool foolish foot football for forbid force* foreigner forest forever forget forgive form forth forty forward* four fourteen fox France free* freedom French fresh Friday friend friendly friendship frog from front

frozen fruit full fun fund funny furniture further future G gain game garage garden gas gate gather general gentle gentleman gently German Germany get* giant girl glad glass global glory glow go* goat god gold golden golf good* goodbye goodnight goods gradual graduate grain grammar grammatical grand grandmother grasp grass gray great Greek green greet greeting ground group grow grown-up growth guard guess guest guide guilt guilty gun H habit hair haircut half hall hammer(锤子) hand* handle handsome handwriting happen happiness happy hard harden hardly* hardship harm harmful hat hate have* he head* headache health healthy hear hearing heart* heat heaven heavily heavy hello help* helpful hen her here* hero hers herself hesitate hi/hey hide* high highly hill him himself hire his history hit* hold* hole holiday home* homework honest honesty honey honor hope hopeful horse hospital host hot hotel hour house housewife how however huge human humorous hundred hunger* hungry hunt hurry* hurt husband I I ice ice-cream idea ideal idiom idle if ill illness imagination imaginative imagine importance important impossible impression improper improve improvement in inch include income increase increasingly indeed independent India Indian indoor indoors industrial industry influence information injure injury ink inland inner inside insist inspect instance instant instead interest interesting international interpreter into introduce introduction invention invite inward island it Italian J jacket jail January Japan Japanese jaw jazz jewel job jog join joke journey joy judge judgment July jump June K kick kid kill kind kindness king kingdom kiss kitchen knee kneel knife know knowledge L lady lake lamp land language large largely late later Latin laugh laughter law lawyer lazy lead* leadership leading leaf learn learning least leather lecture left leg less* lesson letter liberate liberty library life lifetime* lightly like likely likeness limit limited line* lion lip liquid list listen live* living living-room loan locate lock lonely long* look* loose loosely lose lot love lovely lover low luck lucky luggage lunch lung M machine madam main mainland mainly make* man management manager mankind manner many* map market marriage married marry master match mathematical mathematics may maybe me meal meantime meanwhile measurable measure meat medical meet meeting member membership memory mend message metal method middle might mile milk milky million mine ministry minute* miss missing mist mistake mister misunderstand model modern modernization modest modesty Monday monkey month monthly mood moon moral morning most* mostly mother mountain mouth movement movie MR Mrs. Ms. much muscle museum music musician must ]my N name narrow nation naught near nearby nearly necessary neck need needle Negro neighbor neighborhood neither* never new news newspaper next nice night nine ninety ninth no nobody noise noisy none nonetheless nonsense noon nor north northeast northern northward northwest nose not notebook nothing noun novel November now* nowadays nowhere numb number nurse O obey ocean o'clock October of off* offer office officer official often oh oil okay old on one* oneself* only onto onward open opening opinion or orange order* ordinary origin(起源，由来；出身，来历) original other* otherwise ought ounce our ours ourselves out* outdoor outdoors outer outermost outside outstanding outward over overcoat overhead overseas own* owner P page painful paint painter painting pair palace panda paper pardon parent park part* partly party pass* passenger past payment peace peaceful peanut peasant pen pencil penny people per percent perhaps period permit personal petrol phone photo/photograph phrase physical physically physicist physics piano picture piece pig pilot pioneer pity place* plain plan plane* play* player playground pleasant please pleasure plus PM/P.M./p.m. pocket poem poet poetry point* poison poisonous police policeman policy polite political politician politics pollute pollution poor population port possible possibly post postcard postman potato pound pour poverty powerful prefer prepare president pretend pretty prevent price priceless pride prince princess print prison prisoner privacy private prize probability probable problem produce product production professor profit progress promise pronoun pronunciation protect protest proud prove public publish pull* punish punishment pure purpose* purse pursue push put* Q quality quarrel quarterly(每季的；每季一次；季刊） queen question quick quiet quite quiz R race radio railroad/railway rain rapid rare rat read reader reading ready real reality realize really receive recent recite recognition recognize recorder recover red reduce reform region regret regular relationship relative relativity relax religion religious rely remain remember repair repeat reply report reporter republic republican research respect* respond response responsible rest restaurant result* return review revolution* revolutionary rice rich ride right risk river road* rob robber rocket role room rope rose rough round* rubber

rubbish rude rule ruler run* Russian S sad safe* safety sail sailor salad salary sale salesman same sand satellite satisfaction satisfactory satisfy Saturday save scarcely scare science scientific scientist scold scream sea seaman seaport search seaside season seat second secondary second-hand secondly secret security see* seem seldom self selfish sell send* separate September serious servant seven several sew sex shake shall shame shameful share she sheep sheet shelf shine ship shipwreck(船舶失事,海难) shirt shock shoe shoot shop shopkeeper shopping shore short* shortage shortcoming shortly should shoulder shout shut shy signal significance significant silence silent silk similar simple simply since sing single sink* sister sitting-room situation six size skate ski skill skilled skillful skin skirt sky slave slavery sleep slow small smell smile smoke smooth shake snow so* soap sob social socialism society sock soft soldier solid solve some somebody somehow someone something sometime sometimes somewhat somewhere son song soon* sorrow sorrowful sorry sort soul soup south southeast southern southward southwest Soviet speak speaker special speech speed spell spelling spend spirit spiritual splendid sport sportsman spread spy standard star stare start state statement stay steady steal steam steamer（汽船，轮船) steel step stocking(长统袜) stomach stone stool stop store storm story straight strange stranger street strength strengthen strict strong struggle student study stupid style suburb subway success successful sugar suggest suggestion summer sun Sunday sunrise sunset sunshine supermarket supper support suppose sure surface surprise surprising surround swear sweet swim sword symbol system T tail tailor take* tale（故事，传说) talk* tall target task taste tax taxi tea teach teacher teaching team teenager telegram telegraph telephone television ten tennis tent terrible test text textbook than that* the theater their theirs them themselves then theory there therefore these they thick thief thin thing third thirdly thirsty thirteen thirty this those thousand three through Thursday thus tiger till time* timetable tiny tired to tobacco today toe together tomato tomb tomorrow ton tonight too tool topic total touch* tough tour tourism tourist towards town toy train training traitor translate translation travel treat tree tremble trolley/trolly([英]无轨电车，[美]有轨电车) trouble trousers truck true Tuesday tunnel twelfth twelve twentieth twice two type typewriter typist(打字员) U ugly umbrella unable uncertain uncertainty uncle uncover under undergraduate understand understanding unhappy unite university unjust unkind unknown unless unlike unlikely unlimited unlock unsatisfactory until unusual unwilling upon upstairs upward us usage use* used useful usual usually V vacation valley valuable various vegetable verb very victory viewpoint village violin visible visit visitor

vocabulary volleyball voyage(航海，航程) W waist wait waiter waitress wake waken walk wall wallet want war warm* warn warning wash waste wasteful watch watchful water wax we weak wealth wealthy weapon wear* weather wedding Wednesday weed week weekday weekend weekly weep weigh weight welcome well* well-known west western westward set what whatever wheat wheel when whenever where wherever which whichever whisky(威士忌酒) whisper whistle white who whoever whole whom whose why wide widow(寡妇) wife wild will willing win wind window wine winter wireless wisdom wise wish with within without wolf woman wonderful wood wool woolen word worker world worry worse worst would wound wrap wrist write writer writing wrong Y year yellow yes yesterday yet* young your yours yourself youth youthful Z zero zoo 二．核心词汇1800 在剩余的3500个词汇中，并非每一个都是同等重要的，其中有一半（约1800个）词汇在考研21年真题中重复出现，这1800个单词就是考研的核心高频难词，是考研的重点、考点和难点。而其余的另一半（约1700个），在考研历年真题中还没有出现过，重要性次之。 复习建议：1800每天100个（把不认识的单词找出来重点记忆和复习），18天过一轮，36天就过了两轮，你就可以记住其中的绝大部分词汇了。掌握了这1800个核心词汇（还包含高中2000个基础词汇），就可以开始大范围做考研真题，你会发现在真题中，97%左右的词汇你都认识了。 A-C A

abide 遵循（…by）；容忍 The one thing she cannot abide is lying. abnormal 反常的 abnormal behavior

abolish 彻底废除（法律、制度、习俗等）abolish old custom abrupt 突然的，意外的 an abrupt departure

absolute 纯粹的，完全的 have absolute trust in sb.

absorb 吸收，吸进 A sponge absorbs water. abstract 抽象的 A flower is beautiful, but beauty itself is abstract. absurd 荒谬的，荒唐的 The idea that number 13 brings bad luck is absurd. abuse 滥用 abuse one's authority(office) aaccelerate 加速，增速 accelerate one’s steps access 接近（或进入）的机会 have regular and immediate access to the President accommodate 使适应，使符合一致 accommodate oneself to changed circumstances accompany 陪伴，伴随 She was accompanied to a dinner by her friend. accomplish 达到（目的），完成（任务），实现（计划，诺言等） accomplish one's purpose accord 使符合，相一致(with) His violent action doesn't accord with his peaceful words. account 记述，叙述 give a brief account of what has happened accumulate 积累，积攒，积聚 accumulate wisdom accurate 准确的，精确的 an accurate estimate accuse 指控，指责 They accused her publicly of stealing their books. accustom 使习惯于 accustom oneself to rising (to rise) early acquaint 使认识，使了解 activate 使活动起来，使开始起作用，启动 They have planted secret agents in many countries who could be activated whenever needed. acute 尖锐的，敏锐的 an acute thinker adapt （使）适应 adapt oneself to new conditions address 演说 a television address adhere 黏附，附着 Paste is used to make one surface adhere to another. adjacent 临近的，毗邻的(to) a city and its adjacent suburbs adjoin 贴近，与...毗邻 His house adjoins the lake. administrate 掌管，料理...的事务 In many Japanese homes, the funds are administrated by the wife. adolescent （尤指16岁以下的）青少年 a film aimed at adolescents advance 使向前移动 advance a chessman advantage 有利条件，优点 Sitting Presidents hold built-in advantages when seeking another term. adverse 不友好的，敌对的 She felt adverse to her husband's friends. advocate 拥护，提倡，主张 advocate self-defence aesthetic 美学的，艺术的，审美 an aesthetic theory affliliate 使隶属（或附属）于，使成为会员 a government affiliated company affirm 断言，申明 affirm the truth of a statement aggravate 加重，加剧，恶化 aggravate the declining economy aggressive 侵犯的，侵略的 an aggressive weapon agitate 搅动（液体等） The machine agitated the mixture. alarm 惊恐，忧虑 The bandits scattered in alarm. alert 警惕的，留神的 In our reading we should always be alert for new usages. alien 外国的 adjust to an alien culture allege 断言，宣称 The newspaper alleges the mayor's guilt. allocate 分配，分派，把...拨给 allocate funds for new projects allied 结盟的，有关联的 allied nations allow 允给，准许，允许 He missed her more than he would allow himself to admit. allowance 津贴，补贴，零用钱 a housing allowance alter 改变，更改 alter an attitude alternate 交替，轮流 Night and day alternate. amateur （艺术，科学等的）业余爱好者 an amateur golfer amaze 使惊愕，使惊异 I am amazed that he should get the post. ambiguous 含糊不清的，模棱两可的 an ambiguous answer ambition （对名利等的）强烈欲望，野心 His political ambitions still burn. amend 修改，修订 amend the spelling in sb.'s paper amuse 逗乐，逗笑，给...提供娱乐（或消遣） The clown at the circus amused the children. anchor 锚 The anchor catches (drags). announce 宣布，声称 It is officially announced that he will not run for reelection. annoy 使恼怒，使生气 She was annoyed at (with) his lightheard attitude. annual 每年的，年度的 the annual output of steel anonymous 匿名的，无名的 an anonymous letter (phone call) answer 回答，响应 Henry took ages to answer the door. anticipate 预期，预料 The directors anticipated a fall in demand (that demand would fall). anxious 焦虑的，发愁的(about, at) They become anxious at her delay. apart 成零碎 Such cheap clothes come apart after a few washings. apparent 显然的，明明白白的 It was apparent that they all understood. appeal 呼吁，恳求 I appealed to the children to make less noise. applaud 鼓掌，喝彩，叫好 The audience applauds the performers for three minutes. apply 涂，敷 He applied two coats of paint to the table. appoint 任命，委派 They appointed his father (to be 或as) postmaster. appraise 估量，估计 appraise the infant's weight appreciate 感激 I appreciated your help much. apprehend 对...担心 Do you apprehend that there will be any difficulty? approach 靠近，接近 John is approaching manhood. appropriate 恰当的，相称的 Plain, simple clothes are appropriate for school wear. approve 赞成，同意 I couldn't approve his conduct. approximate 大概的，大约的，近似的 The approximate time is 10 o'clock. apt （习性）易于......的，有......倾向的 A careless person is apt to make mistakes. arbitrary 随心所欲的，个人武断的，任意的 an arbitrary choice arise 起立，起身 arise from one's seat arouse 使......奋发 A man like Tom will be aroused. Don’t worry. array 排列，队形 The troops were formed in battle array. articulate 发音清晰的，善于表达的 He is articulate about everything in the field of economics. artificial 人工的，人造的，人为的 artificial price controls ascend 登高，（渐渐）上升，升高 The

airplane ascended into the cloud. ascertain 查明，弄清，确定 I ascertained that he was dead. ashamed 惭愧的，羞耻的 I am ashamed for being so stupid. ashore 向岸，向陆地 He swam ashore. aside 在旁边 We stood aside to let her pass. assault 攻击，袭击 We made an assault on the enemy fort. assemble 集合，召集 assemble the members of Parliament for a special meeting. assert 肯定地说（出），坚定地断言 He asserted his innocence. assess 估价，评价，评论 assess the present state of the economy assign 分配，布置（作业） The teacher assigned (us) a new lesson. assimilate 吸收，消化 He is quick to assimilate new ideas. associate （使）联系，（使）结合 We naturally associated the name of Darwin with the doctrine of evolution. assume 假定，假设 Farmers will have a bumper harvest, assuming (that) the weather si favarable. assure 深信不疑地对......说，向......保证 assurance 保证，把握，信心 He gave me his assurance that he would help. astonish 使惊讶 I was astonished at his sudden appearance. attach 系，贴，连接 attach a label to a suitcase attain 达到，获得 attain one’s goal attend 出席，参加（会议等） attend a wedding attendance 出席，参加，出席人数，出席率 Our class has perfect attendance today. attentive 注意的，专心的 an attentive audience attribute 把归因于，把......（过错的责任等）归于(to) He attributed his success to hard work. auxiliary 辅助的 an auxiliary rocket avail 有利于，有助于 Will force alone avail us? average 平均数，平均 The paper receives an average of nearly 100 articles a day. avert 挡开，防止，避免 Many traffic accidents can be averted by courtesy. awake 醒，觉醒 awake from sleep award 授予（奖品等） The university awarded him an honorary degree. B ban （以官方明令）禁止，取缔 He was banned from entering the city. bang （突发的） sudden loud bang bar 条，块，杆，棒 a bar of gold bare 赤裸的，光秃的，空无内容的 walk in bare feet beforehand 预先，事先 If you wanted soup for lunch you should have told me beforehand. behave 举止端正，听话 Do behave. bewilder 使迷惑，使糊涂 I’m bewildered as to which one to buy. bias 偏见，偏心 have a bias against sb.(或sth.) blame 责备，责怪 Public opinion blames Mrs Smith for leading the girl astray. blast 一阵（风），一股（气流） a blast of wind blaze 火焰 The fire sprang into a blaze. blunt 钝的 The sun was blazing down and the heat was oppressive. blush （因害羞、激动、窘困）脸红 blush with(或for) joy boast 自吹自擂，自夸的话 He is full of boasts. bolt 螺栓，（门，窗的）插销 a small bag of nuts and bolts boom 低沉有回响的声音 The great bell tolled with a deep boom. border 边界，边境，边沿 a district on the Kampuchean side of the border with Thailand bore 钻孔，挖（通道） bore through a wall bounce 弹起，反弹 The ball doesn’t bounce well. bound 跳跃，弹回 She bounded to her feet and waved her right hand triumphantly. boycott （联合起来）抑制，拒绝参加 boycott uncooperative manufactures brace 托架，支架 He braced his muscles and lifted the weight. breed （使）繁殖 Rabbits breed families rapidly. bribe 贿赂 accept(或take)a bribe from sb. brief 短暂的，简短的，简洁的 a brief holiday brisk 轻快的，生气勃勃的 a brisk pace brittle 易碎的，一碰就破的 brittle glass brush 刷子，毛刷 a laundry brush bump 碰，撞(against, into) The truck bumped against the wall in the dark. burst 爆炸，爆裂 The boiler burst. C calculate 计算，推算 calculate the distance between New York and Chicago call 喊，叫 Please call the names of all the people who are present. cancel 取消，废除，删去 cancel a trip capture 俘虏，捕获 capture butterflies case 事例，事实，事情 This is a case of poor judgment. cast 投，扔，抛，撒，掷 cast doubt(s) on the feasibility of a scheme casual 偶然的，无计划的，随便的，非正式的 a casual meeting cease 停止，终止，结束 The music ceased suddenly. certify 证明，证实 The accounts were certified (as) correct. challenge 向...挑战 Our school challenged the local champion team to a football match. character （事物的）性质，特质 The furniture in Tom’s apartment was pretentious and without character. charge 要（价），收（费） The airlines charge half price for students. charm 魅力，魔力 This thriving resort town has retained its village charm. chase 追逐，追求 The police chased the escaping thief and caught him at last. check 使突然停止，制止 check one’s steps cherish 珍爱，珍视 cherish one’s native land chew 嚼，咀嚼 He chewed a mouthful of meat. choke 窒息，噎住 be choked by smoke chorus 合唱队 chronic （疾病）慢性的，（人）久病的 chronic indigestion clarity 澄清，阐明 clarify an issue cling 粘着 The frightened child clung to her mother. clumsy 笨拙的 a clumsy boy cluster （果实，花等的）串，束，簇; (人或物)的群，组 a cluster of tourists clutch 紧抓，紧握 clutch at an opportunity coherent 一致的，协调的 lack coherent political goals coin 硬币，钱币，金属货币 a silver coin coincide 相符，相一致 100 Centigrade coincides with 212 Fahrenheit. collaborate （尤指在文艺、科学等方面）合作，协作 He and I collaborated in writing plays. collapse 倒坍，崩溃，瓦解 The roof collapsed under the weight of the snow. collide 碰撞，互撞 The car

的 a ～ excuse plead 恳求，请求 His parents ～ed that he should be given one more chance pledge 保证，誓言，誓约 fulfill one’s ～ plot 小块土地 a vegetable ～ plug 塞子，栓 He wears rubber ～s in his ears when he swims plunge 猛地投入或插入 He ran to the edge of the swimming pool and ～d in pocket 衣袋，口袋，袋子 a change ～ polish 擦光，擦亮 Polish your shoes with a brush poll 民意测验 A recent ～ shows a change in public opinion pool 水池，游泳池 a swimming ～ portable 便于携带的，手提式的，轻便的This little TV is extremely ～ pose 姿势，样子 The model was asked to adopt various ～s for the photographer postpone 延迟，延缓，延期 We are postponing our trip until the weather grows warmer potential 潜在的，可能的 That hole in the road is a ～ danger pour 倒，注，灌，倾泻，涌流 He began to ～ with sweat preach 讲道，布道 ～ to a packed church preside 主持，主管(at, over) The vice chairman of the board will ～ at today’s meeting press 按，挤，压 ～ the bell presume 推测，假定，假设 From the way they talked, I ～d them to be married prevail 流行，盛行 This custom still ～s among members of the older generation prey 被捕食的动物，捕获物 The lion seized its ～ and ate it prick 一刺，一扎 The boy burst the balloon with a ～ of the needle prime 首要的，主要的 a matter of ～ importance primitive 原始的，上古的，早期的 a ～ forest prior 在先的，在前的 Stop making public statements without their ～ approval here privilege 特权，优惠，特免 In countries where there are still not many schools, education is a ～ probe 探索，探查，调查 ～ the roots of war proceed （尤指停顿或打断后）继续进行 The train ～ed at the same speed as before process 过程，进程 the ～ of digestion proclaim 宣告，宣布，声明 ～ war produce 生产，制造 Canada ～s wheat and furs profit 利润，收益，红利 They made millions in ～s in last year profound 很深的 a ～ sleep prohibit 禁止 Tourist class passengers are ～ed from using the first class lounge project 计划，方案 draw up a ～ prolong 延长，拉长，拖延 a means of ～ing life prominent 突起的，凸出的 a ～ forehead prompt 敏捷的，迅速的 He is ～ on the job pronounce 发音 ～ distinctly propose提议，建议 When she was very ill ,her lawyer has ～d to her that she might like to make a will prosper 兴旺，繁荣，昌盛，成功 His farm ～ed through good management provoke 挑动，激起，导致 He tried to ～ them into fighting pump 泵 fill a bucket from the ～ pursue 追赶，追随，追求 He felt their eyes pursuing him puzzle 难题，智力玩具，迷，迷惑 jigsaw ～ Q quality 质量，品级 merchandise of ～ quantity 数量，量 an increase in ～ quench 消除，平息，压制，扑灭 ～ hatred queue一队人，一行列车 from a ～ quit 停止，放弃 It hasn’t ～ raining yet quiver 颤抖，抖动 ～ with cold quote引用，引述，援引 She ～d several verses to us R rack 架子，支架，搁架 a clothes ～ radiate（光，热等）辐射，发射 The sun ～s light and heat radical 根本的，基本的a ～ error rake （长柄）耙，耙机，耙状物 an oyster ～ rally 集合，团结 ～ public opinion in favor of price controls random胡乱的，任意的，随意的，a ～talk range 排，行，一系列 a ～ of buildings rank排，行，列 the ～s of great pines rate 比率，率 Velocity is the ～ of change of distance with respect to time reap 收割，收获 ～ the rice in the field rear 后部，后边，背部a garden at the ～ of the house recall 回忆，回想I ～ seeing a poster on his wall reciprocal 相互的，交互的 ～ respect reckon 计算，数 ～ the days till Christmas reclaim 使改过，改造 ～ former criminals recognize认出，识别 Dogs ～ people by their smell recollect 回忆，想起 I am trying to ～ a forgotten address recommend 推荐，称赞 He ～ed me for the post of headmaster reconcile 使和解，使和好After each fight they ate soon ～d recover 追回，重新得到The police ～ed stolen watch recruit 招募（新兵）招收（新成员）try to ～300 men in two days rectify纠正，改正，矫正 ～ the mistakes in a bill refer 提到，谈到 Does the remark ～ to me refine 提炼～ crude oil into various petroleum products reform 改革，改良 He spend years trying to ～ the world refresh 使恢复活力，使振作精神 Sleep ～es the body refute驳斥，驳倒 The argument cannot be d at the moments regard 看待，认为，对待 I ～ the matter in this light regenerate 使恢复，使复兴，再生The human body can ～ hair, nails, etc regulate管理，控制，为……制订规章 The policeman ～d traffic at the intersection reign 为王，统治In England ,the sovereign ～s but does not rule reinforce 增援，加强 They hope to ～ their domination in these countries rejoice 使感到高兴，使充满喜悦 The whole nation ～ over the victory relate 讲述，叙述 She ～d the experience of a Chinese girl in the United States relay 接力传送，传递 ～ a message release 排放，释出 ～ a bomb from an aircraft relevant 有关的，切题的I don’t think his remarks are ～ to our discussions relieve 缓解，减轻，解除He smoked frequently to ～ nervous tension remark 评论，议论 (on, upon) It would be rude to ～ upon her appearance remedy 治疗，治疗法，药品 a folk ～ remember 记得，

回想起，不忘记 I ～ reading that boo when I was eight remind 提醒，使想起 I ～ed him of his promise remove 移开，挪走 ～ one’s eyes from the picture render 使得，使成为 The blow ～ed him unconscious renew 更新，恢复，更换We feel totally ～ed in body ,mind ,and spirit renovate 修复，整修 ～ a two storey building repel 击退，抵制，拒绝，排斥 ～ the enemy repent 后悔，懊悔 ～of a thoughtless act replace 代替，取代，更换The calculator is rapidly replacing the abacus represent 代表，象征To many local people these castles ～ a hundred years of foreign domination reproach 责备，指责，斥责 mute ～ rescue 营救，救援，搭救 ～ hostages held by the terrorists resent 怨恨 ～ those unfair comments reserve 保留，储备 We’ll the ticket for you till tomorrow noon resign 辞职，引退 He ～ed from his post resolve 决定，打定注意要 Have you ～d where to go next? resort 求助，凭借，诉诸 ～ to sb for help restore 恢复，修复，康复 The temple has been ～d out of all recognition restrain 抑制，遏止 ～ one’s anger resume 重新开始，继续 When I quit golf, I ～d writing retain 保留，保持 ～the right to reply reveal 揭示，揭露 I promise never to ～ his secret revenge 报仇，复仇Man may destroy the balance of nature ,but ,from time to time, nature takes a terrible ～ reverse 相反的，颠倒的，倒退的a ～ dictionary revise 修订，校订 ～ a dictionary revive 苏醒，复苏 He is dead and never will ～ ridiculous 可笑的，荒唐的，荒谬的 In this department of English girls outnumber boys in a ～ ratio rigid 刚性的，坚硬的 a ～ piece of plastic ripe 成熟的，时机成熟的 a ～ cluster of grapes roll 滚动，滚落 Rocks were ～ing down the hillside rot 腐烂，腐坏，腐朽，腐败，腐化Meat may ～ if it is not refrigerated roundabout 绕道的，绕圈子的，不直接的 The car has to take a ～ course to avoid the flood rouse 惊起 The boat ～d wild ducks to flight row 吵闹，争吵 What’s all this ～ about? rub 擦，摩擦 He rubbed his eyes rush 冲，奔 ～ into the room rust 锈，铁锈 Iron gathers ～easily ruthless 无情的，残忍的，冷酷的 a～ enemy S sack 麻袋，纸袋，塑料袋 a ～of cement sacred 神圣的the ～ name of God sacrifice 献祭，供奉 a law banning the ～ of animals salute 敬礼，祝贺 ～ one’s superior officer scan 细看，审视 ～ the doctor’s face for a sign of hope scare 惊吓，恐惧 The thunder ～d the children scatter 撒，撒播～ corn for the chickens schedule 时间表，进度表 a fight ～ scheme 计划，方案 He suggested several ～s to increase sales scold 责骂，训斥 Dad ～ed me for coming home late score 得分，比分，分数，成绩 At the end of first half there’s no ～ scorn 轻蔑，鄙视 He ～s lying scrap 碎片，零屑 ～s of bread scrape 刮，擦 ～one’s chin scratch 抓，刮，擦 The cat ～ed me with its claws screen 屏，幕，帘 a folding ～ secure 安全的，可靠的，有把握的 a castle ～from attack seek 寻找，探索 ～ shelter from the rain seize 抓住，捉住The policeman ～d him by the collar sense 感官，官能

Sight ,hearing ,touch, taste, and smell are the five ～s sensible 明知的，合情理的 a ～ choice serve 服务，履行职责 He ～d as an adviser to the company set 放置 He set his hand on my shoulder shade 荫，荫凉处The group of trees provide some ～ from the sun sham假装，虚伪 Her illness was a ～ to gain sympathy shame 羞耻，羞愧 flush with ～ shape 形状，外形 the ～ of sb’s face share 一分，分额，一部分 They divided the money into equal ～s shear 剪，修剪 ～ a lawn shed 流 ～ one’s blood for one’s country sheer 完全的，十足的 ～ nonsense shelter 掩蔽处，躲避处 a bus ～ shield 盾，保护物，防御物 They piled more sand on top as a ～ shift 转移，移动 Don’t try to ～the blame onto me shower 阵雨，阵雨般的东西 be caught in a hard ～ shrewd 机灵的，敏锐的，精明的 a ～ guess signify 表示，表明，预示 ～ consent with a nod simulate 假装，冒充 use tricks to ～ illness sit 坐，就坐 He was sitting over his coffee with a cigar sketch 素描，速写 make a ～ of a face in pencil slack 不紧的，不严的 a ～ soft rope slender 苗条的，修长的，细长的She is ～ and has long dark hair slide 滑行，滑动，滑落 The drawers of my desk ～ in and out easily slim苗条的，薄的 Regular exercise will make you slimmer slip 滑倒，滑落，滑行 She ～ed on the wet stones and fell slit 切开，撕开 ～ the envelope open slope 倾斜，有坡度 The ground ～s down sharply at this point sly 狡猾的，偷偷的 a ～answer smart 聪明的，精明的 Smart students talk earlier than the average smash 打碎，打破，摧毁 The ball ～ed the window smooth 平滑的，光滑的～ skin snatch 夺得，一把抓住 The thief ～ed her handbag and ran off snob 势力的人，谄上欺下的人 a ～ of the first water soak 湿透，浸湿，浸泡 You shouldn’t have gone out in the rain－your clothes are ～ing sober 未醉的 A driver must stay ～ soil 泥土，土壤The ～here is very fertile sophisticated 老于世故的 a young man quite ～ for his age sore 痛的，痛苦的，痛心的touch sb on a ～ place sort 种类，类别 He is not the ～ of man to do such a cruel thing sound 健康的，健全的，完好的 a ～body in a ～ mind sour 酸的，酸味的 ～pickles sow

播种 This plot of land was sown with maize spare 多余的，剩下的have no ～ cash spark 火花，火星 The firework burst into a shower of ～s sparkle 发光，闪耀 Her eyes were sparkling with anger specify 具体指定，详细说明 They have specified the amount as 700,000 dollars spectacle 景象，奇观，壮观，场面 The burning house was a terrible ～ speculate 推测，推断 I cannot ～ on their motives for doing this spill 溢出，溅出 The ship ～ed oil while in port spin 纺制 ～ cotton into yarn spit 吐出 He was ～ting out the husks of sunflower seeds on the floor splash 溅泼A passing car ～ed my dress split 劈开，切开，裂开 ～ the firewood with an axe spoil 损坏，毁掉 It would ～ my reputation sponsor 发起者，主办者，保证人，赞助者the ～ of the annual Christmas parade spot斑点，污点 a blue tie with ～s spray 浪花，水花 The new shower heads reduce ～ and waste less water sprout 抽条，发芽，长出 The seeds we planted finally ～ed spur 靴刺，踢马刺a pair of ～s squeeze 榨，挤 ～ juice from oranges stab 刺，戳，猛的一击，突发的一阵 a ～ of anxiety stack整齐的一叠 a ～ of bills staff 全体职员，全体雇员 The company has got a ～ of about 40 stain 玷污，污染 His shirt was ～ed with blood stale 食品等不新鲜的，走味的 These old peanuts taste ～ stall 牛舍 stamp 邮票 put a ～ on a letter start 开始，动手 I’ve got so many things to do,I don’t know where to ～ startle 惊吓，使吃惊 The horse ～s easily starve 使挨饿，饿死 Many live in luxury while others are starvin station 车站 at Victoria Station

stationary 固定的，静止的，非流动的 ～ troops

statistics 统计，统计资料 The recent ～ on marriage are interesting steer 掌舵，驾驶 ～ a car through the entrance stern 严厉的，苛刻的 a ～ punishment stick 棍，棒，手杖 Grandfather walks with a ～ stimulate 刺激，促使 ～ economic growth sting刺，螫，叮 A bee stung him on the neck stir 使微动，移动 A breeze ～red my hair stitch 一针，针脚 Make your ～es closer together

stock 原料，备料，库存，现货 Rags are used as a ～ for making paper stoop 俯身，弯腰She ～ed to pick up her fan storm 风暴，暴风雨，暴风雪 A ～ arose

straightforward 一直向前的，直接的 a ～ business transaction strain 拉紧，绷紧 If you ～ the elastic any more, it will break strap 带，皮带 silks ～s

stream 小河，溪流 on the banks of a ～

strength 力量，力气，活力，效力 the economic ～ of a nation stress压力，紧张 Not all of us can cope with the ～es of modern life stretch 伸直，伸长 He yawned and ～ed himself stride阔步前进，大踏步走He strode to the platform strike 打击，撞 A stone struck me on the head

string 细绳，线，带 She took the parcel and started to undo the string strip 剥去，除去 The wind stripped the tree of all its leaves strive 努力，奋力，力求～ towards a goal

stroke 敲，打，鸣 drive in a nail with one ～ of the hammer

stubborn 顽固的，倔强的 The ～ boy refused to listen to his parents’advice

stuff 原料，材料，物品，东西 He has got all the ～ ready for building his new house subject 题目，主题 the ～ for a debate

submerge 浸没，淹没，湮没 The stream overflowed and ～d the farmland submit 屈服，服从，投降 ～ to foreign pressure subordinate 下级的 In the army ,captains are ～ to majors substance 物质，实质 the ～ of pre-school education

substitute 代替者，代替物 He is the doctor’s ～ during holidays times subtle 微妙的，巧妙的 His whole attitude has undergone a ～ change subtract 减，减去 Subtract 4 from 10 you get 6 succession 连续，一系列 a ～ of debates

suck 吸，A large mosquito was sucking blood from the back of her hand sue 控告，起诉 ～ sb for slander

summary 总结，概要 This book has a ～ at the end of each chapter superb 极好的，一流的，杰出的 ～ science and engineering superficial 表面的 a ～resemblance

superfluous过多的，剩余的，多余的a ～remark supervise 监督，管理，指导 ～ sb’s every move supplement增补，补充 a ～ to wages suppress压制，镇压 ～human rights supreme最高的，至上的 a ～ ruler

surpass超过，优于，强于，胜过 ～ advanced world surplus过剩，剩余 a teacher ～

survey调查～ population growth in the southern provinces survive 幸存，幸免于Only two people ～d the fire suspect 怀疑 He ～ed a plot against his life

sustain支撑，承受The fountains were not strong enough to ～ the weight of the house swallow 吞，咽 ～ one’s food swarm 蜂群

sway摇摆 a tree ～ing gently in the breeze swear宣誓，发誓 ～ on a Bible to observe secrecy swell 膨胀，鼓起 A tire ～s as it is filled with air swing 摇摆，摇荡 ～ a baby in the cradle sympathy 同情心，慰问 a man of wide sympathies synchronize使同步，使结合，使协调 Their steps ～d T

taboo 禁忌，忌讳Movies producers attempted to break down all the ～s tackle 用具，装备 shaving ～ tailor 裁缝 go to the ～’s

talk 讲话，谈话 Is your baby talking yet? tame 驯化的，驯服的，温顺的 ～animails tan棕黄色，黄褐色 buy some shoes in tan tax 税（款）Half of his wages go in tax tear 撕开，撕裂tear open an envelope tease 戏弄，取笑 The boy is teasing the cat tedious 单调乏味的，冗长的，罗嗦的a ～ debate

temper 心情，脾气 be in a good～

tempt 引诱，诱惑 Nothing could ～ me to do such a thing tend 趋向，倾向 Interest rates are ～ing upwards tender 嫩的 a ～ piece of meat

tentative 试验性的，试探性的，暂时的，推测的 a ～plan term 学期 the spring ～

terminate 停止，结束，使终止 ～ a contract

terrify 使害怕，使惊吓 She was terrified out of her wits testify 作证，证明 He agreed to ～ on behalf of the accused man thermal 热的，由热造成的 ～burns

thirst 渴，口渴 The heat creates a ～ in me like I’ve never had before thread 线，线状物 cotton ～

thrill 使非常兴奋，使非常激动 It’s a sight that never fails to ～ me thrive 兴旺发达，繁荣 His business is thriving thrust 推，刺，戳，插，挤He was ～ into power tick （钟声等发出的）滴答声 tidy 整洁的，整齐的a ～ room

tilt 使倾斜，使倾倒 Tilt your head back so that I can look down your throat time 时间，时刻，时候 ～ and space tip 末端，尖端 the tips of the fingers toast 烤面包，吐司 two slices of ～

token 表示，标志，象征He did that as a ～ of good faith torture 拷打，拷问 ～ a confession from a prisoner toss 扔，抛，掷 The children tossed the ball to each other tough 坚韧的，牢固的 Some plastic are as ～ as metal tow 拖，拉，牵引 tow a damaged ship into port tower 塔，塔楼，高楼 a television ～

trace 痕迹，踪迹 The wound healed, leaving almost no ～ of a scar track足迹，踪迹～s in the snow

tragedy 悲剧 Hamlet is one of shakespeare’s best known tragedies trail 痕迹，足迹 a ～ of destruction left by the violence tramp 步行，跋涉 He loves ～ing over the hills

transfer 转移，调动 the company has transferred to an eastern location transform 变形，改观 ～ a hotel into a hospital transient 短暂的，转瞬即逝的 ～ happiness transmit 播送，发射 ～ a match live transparent 透明的 Glass is ～

transplant 移植，移种，移居 ～ a human heart into a patient treasure 财宝，财富 dig for buried ～ trend 倾向，趋势an upward ～ of prices trick 诡计，骗局 He got the money by a ～

trifle 琐事，小事 One should not get angry about such a ～ trim 整齐的，整洁的 ～ lawns

本文来源：https://www.bwwdw.com/article/r5fv.html