07-08年英语专业八级翻译及人文知识

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2008年英语专业八级翻译及作文

PART V TRANSLATION (60 MIN)

SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH

Translate the underlined part of the following text into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.

都市寸土千金，地价炒得越来越高。今后将更高。拥有一个小小花园的希望，对寻常之辈不啻是一种奢望，一种梦想。

我想，其实谁都有一个小小花园，这便是我们的内心世界。人的智力需要开发，人的内心世界也是需要开发的。人和动物的区别，除了众所周知的诸多方面，恐怕还在于人有内心世界。心不过是人的一个重要脏器，而内心世界是一种景观，它是由外部世界不断地作用于内心渐渐形成的。每个人都无比关注自己及至亲至爱之人心脏的健损，以至于稍有微疾便惶惶不可终日。但并非每个人都关注自己及至亲至爱之人的内心世界的阴晴。

SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE

Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.

But, as has been true in many other cases, when they were at last married, the most ideal of situations was found to have been changed to the most practical. Instead of having shared their original duties, and as school-boys would say, going halves, they discovered that the cares of life had been doubled. This led to some distressing moments for both our friends; they understood suddenly that instead of dwelling in heaven they were still upon earth, and had made themselves slaves to new laws and limitations. Instead of being freer and happier than ever before, they had assumed new responsibilities; they had established a new household, and must fulfill in some way or another the obligations of it. They looked back with affection to their engagement; they had been longing to have each other to themselves, apart from the world, but it seemed that they never felt so keenly that they were still units in modern society.

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参考答案

本文选自英文报Shanghai Daily 翻译大奖赛 第11期 （07年8月）

中文作者：梁晓声 标题：《心灵的花园》

参考译文（附评语）

Spiritual Garden

I think everyone, in effect, has a small garden or a flower bed of his own, namely, our inner world. There is a need for human beings to tap into their own intelligence, as is the case with their inner world. What distinguishes between human beings and animals, apart from the various aspects which are universally known, may probably be in that human beings have an inner world. Heart is no more than an important organ whereas the inner world constitutes a landscape, which gradually takes its shape under the continuous influence from the outside world. So great is the importance that everyone attaches to the physical condition of his own heart or those of his closest and dearest ones, that merely a minor disease would enduringly weigh on his mind. 评语（Remarks）

译文大部分用词比较准确、恰当，句子结构也较严谨，整个篇章的前后照应、承接处理的较为到位，符合英文的行文表达习惯。从一些译得较出色的句子来看，译者具有相当程度的英语语言素养。下面的句子译得令人拍手称好，"每个人都无比关注自己及至亲至爱之人心脏的健损，以至于稍有微疾便惶惶不可终日。"，So great is the importance that everyone attaches to the physical condition of his own heart or those of his closest and dearest ones, that merely a minor disease would enduringly weign on his mind. 这个句子用了倒装结构，但整个句子较上一句要复杂，处理难度要大一些，可译者还是把整个句子处理得叫贴切。在选词用字方面，如"惶惶不可终日enduringly weigh on his mind"，也非常适当。

但是译文也存在一些瑕疵。如"人的智力需要开发，人的内心世界也是需要开发的。"译为"There is a need for human beings to tap into their own intelligence, as is the case with their inner world."译文把句子的重心放在原文的前半部，其实重心应该在后半部。此句似应译为，"Just as there is a need for human beings to tap into

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their own intelligence, so is the case with their inner world."(上海大学 张强副教授) 译文二

In fact, I think everyone has a small garden and that is our inner world. People’s intelligence needs to be developed, so does the inner world. The difference between people and animals, in addition to the many well-known, is also in the inner world. The heart is an important organ, however, the inner world is a landscape. It gradually took shape under the constant influence of the outside world on the heart. Everyone is so concerned about the health of the hearts of their lovedones as well as his that a slight disease would cause great anxiety. But not everyone is concerned about the inner world of themselves and their lovedones.

本文选自朱厄特的文章《新生活》The New Life by Sarah Jewett

萨拉 奥恩 朱厄特 (Sarah Orne Jewett, 1849-1909) 生于缅因州南贝里克镇，十几岁时就已开始写作。初期写的短篇，收集在《深港》里(Deephaven, 1877)，出版后反应良好，其后又写了一些短篇，几部小说和诗歌，大部写的都是缅因州的生活。一八九六年出版的《针枞之乡》(The Country of the Pointed Firs)是她最著名的作品。

参考译文

但是正如其他许多已经发生过的事情一样，当他们最终结婚后，发现最憧憬的生活变得再实际不过了。他们非但没有分担各自原先的责任---正如那些学生们所说“一半一半”，相反却发现生活的重担加倍了。这使得我们那两个结婚的朋友时常觉得沮丧；他们突然发现自己并没有过着天堂般的生活而是仍实实在在地生活在地球上，而且成为了新规则和新约束的奴隶。生活并没有比以前更自由、更幸福，因为他们要去承担新的责任。既然成立了一个新的家庭，那就无论如何也要尽一点家庭的义务。他们深情地回想起订婚的那段时光，曾经如此地渴望拥有彼此而忘掉这个世界，然而现在最深切的感受却是自己仍是这个世界的一份子。

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2007年英语专业八级翻译及作文

SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH

Translate the underlined part of the following text into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.

暮色中，河湾里落满云霞，与天际的颜色混合一起，分不清哪是流云哪是水湾。 也就在这一幅绚烂的图画旁边，在河湾之畔，一群羊正在低头觅食。它们几乎没有一个顾得上抬起头来，看一眼这美丽的黄昏。也许它们要抓紧时间，在即将回家的最后一刻再次咀嚼。这是黄河滩上的一幕。牧羊人不见了，他不知在何处歇息。只有这些美生灵自由自在地享受着这个黄昏。这儿水草肥美，让它们长得肥滚滚的，像些胖娃娃。如果走近了，会发现它们那可爱的神情，洁白的牙齿，那丰富而单纯的表情。如果稍稍长久一点端详这张张面庞，还会生出无限的怜悯。

SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE

Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.

Scientific and technological advances are enabling us to comprehend the furthest reaches of the cosmos, the most basic constituents of matter, and the miracle of life. At the same time, today, the actions, and inaction, of human beings imperil not only life on the planet, but the very life of the planet.

Globalization is making the world smaller, faster and richer. Still, 9/11, avian flu, and Iran remind us that a smaller, faster world is not necessarily a safer world.

Our world is bursting with knowledge - but desperately in need of wisdom. Now, when sound bites are getting shorter, when instant messages crowd out essays, and when individual lives grow more frenzied, college graduates capable of deep reflection are what our world needs.

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For all these reasons I believed - and I believe even more strongly today - in the unique and irreplaceable mission of universities.

参考译文：Beside this picture with profusions of colors, a group of sheep are lowing their heads, eating by the river bank. Hardly none of them would spare some time to raise their eyes to have a glance at the beautiful dusk. They are, perhaps, taking use of every minute to enjoy their last chew before being driven home. This is a picture of the Yellow River bank, in which the shepherd disappears, and no one knows where he is resting himself. Only the sheep, however, as free creatures, are joyfully appreciating the dusk. The exuberant water plants have nutrited the sheep, making them grow as fat as balls. When approaching near, you would find their lily-white teeth and a variety of innocent facial impressions.

科技进步正在使我们能够探索宇宙的边陲、物质最基本的成分及生命的奇迹。 与此同时，今天，人类所做的及没能做到的事情，不仅危害到这个星球上的生命，也危害到该星球的寿命。

全球化正在使地球变得愈来愈小、愈来愈快和愈来愈富有。尽管如此，9/11、禽流感及伊朗提醒我们，更小更快的世界决不意味着其更安全。

我们正处于一个知识爆炸的世界之中，不过，迫切需要智慧。现在，在（新闻采访的）原声摘要播出变得愈来愈短，即时信息淘汰了杂记文，个人生活变得如痴如狂之际，这个世界还是需要能够深思的大学生。

考虑到这些理由，我过去信仰，而今天甚至更加强烈地信仰大学独特的、无可取代的使命。

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2008年英语专业八级人文知识

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2007年英语专业八级人文知识

PART Ⅲ GENERAL KNOWLEDGE（10 MIN）

31. The majority of the current population in the UK are decedents of all the following tribes respectively EXCEPT

A. the Anglos

B. the Celts

C. the Jutes √

D. the Saxons

32. The Head of State of Canada is represented by

A. the Monarch

B. the President

C. the Prime Minister

D. the Governor-general √

33. The Declaration of Independence was written by

A. Thomas Jefferson √

B. George Washington

C. Alexander Hamilton

D. James Madison

34. The original inhabitants of Australia were

A. the Red Indians

B. the Eskimos

C. the Aborigines √

D. the Maoris

35. Which of the following novels was written by Emily Bronte?

A. Oliver Twist

B. Middlemarch

C. Jane Eyre

D. Wuthering Heights √

36. William Butler Yeats was a(n) ______ poet and playwright.

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A. American

B. Canadian

C. Irish √

D. Australian

37. Death of a Salesman was written by

A. Arthur Miller √

B. Ernest Hemingway

C. Ralph Ellison

D. James Baldwin

38. _______ refers to the study of the internal structure of words and the rules of word formation.

A. Phonology

B. Morphology √

C. Semantics

D. Sociolinguistics

39. The distinctive features of a speech variety may be all the following EXCEPT

A. lexical

B. syntactic

C. phonological

D. psycholinguistic √

40. The word tail once referred to “the tail of a horse”, but now it is used to mean “the tail of any animal.” This is an example of

A. widening of meaning √

B. narrowing of meaning

C. meaning shift

D. loss of meaning

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