山东省烟台市2022届高考诊断性测试高三英语试题(含答案)

山东省烟台市2021年高考诊断性测试

英语

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，只交答题卡。

第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选预中选出最佳选项。

A

Despite the lack of new releases due to the outbreak of COVID-19, there was no shortage of good films in 2020. We've rounded out the top 4 films. Check them out!

Soul

In the first Pixar cartoon to have an African-American lead character, Jamie Foxx provides the voice of a music teacher who dreams of making it as a jazz pianist. But just after a successful interview, he falls down a manhole and finds himself in a soul world where human spirits are assigned their personalities. And things get even stranger from there.

Nomadland

When Fern loses her husband and can't afford to live in a house, she packs her few belongings into a camper and drives off into the Nevada desert. She encounters a large community of senior citizens who have also been forced to live on the road, supporting themselves with short-term jobs along the way. What makes Nomadland unique is that while Fern is played by an Oscar-winning actress, nearly all she meets are real people who relate their own experiences. Written and directed by Chloe Zhao, the film is a combination of documentary and fiction.

The Croods: A New Age

The prehistoric family from 2013,s hugely enjoyable cartoon, The Croods, directed by Joel Crawford, makes a welcome return, so we can expect more crazy adventures and unusual animals. In the much-delayed sequel （续集），they meet another family, the Bettermans, whose advanced lifestyle and technology make the Croods look even more primitive than they did already. There's conflict but they learn to appreciate each other's differences.

Wolfwalkers

The year's finest cartoon film comes from Cartoon Saloon, an Irish studio specialising in stylised hand-

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drawn 2D art. Its latest production is set in the mid-17th Century, when English soldiers are trying to occupy the wild woods. One hunter's daughter meets with a girl wolfwalker and they make joint efforts to rescue the forest. It's a heartwarming story of friendship and an inspiring adventure about two girls finding themselves. Wolfwalkers stands proud as a new classic.

1. What is the film Soul about?

A. A pianist's dream coming true.

B. A musician's romantic journeys.

C. A music teacher's unusual experiences.

D. An African-American actor's success story.

2. Which movie will you go to if you are interested in the wandering life?

A. Soul.

B. Nomadland.

C. The Croods: A New Age.

D. Wolfwalkers.

3. In which column of the website could we read this text?

A. Science.

B. History.

C. Entertainment.

D. Medicine.

B

Most teenagers are still trying to find their passion and purposes in life. However, not Gitanjali Rao. The 15-year-old girl has been coming up with innovative solutions to worldwide problems since she was ten. It is, therefore, not surprising that the te enager has won the honor of “America's Top Young Scientist”.

In the third grade, Rao was inspired to build a device after witnessing the shocking story unfold in Flint, Michigan, where cost-cutting measures led to the use of a polluted river as the city's primary water supply and incredibly high levels of lead made their way into people's drinking water.

After two months' research, Rao designed a small and portable device that used sensors to instantly detect lead in water. Called Tethys, after the Greek Goddess （女神）of freshwater, it attaches to a cellphone and informs the residents via an app if their drinking water contains lead. The design earned her the 3M Young Scientist Challenge in 2017. She is currently working with scientists and medical professionals to test Tethys' potential and hopes the device will be ready for commercial use by 2022.

Later, Rao took on another social issue - drug addiction. Her app, called Epione, which won the Health Pillar Prize at the TCS Ignite Innovation Student Challenge in May 2019, is designed to catch drug addiction in young adults before it's too late.

More recently, the teenager has developed an app named Kindly, which uses artificial intelligence technology to detect possible signs of cyberbullying （网上欺凌）.When users type in a word or phrase. Kindly is able to pick it up if it's bullying, and then it gives the option to edit it or send it the way it is. It gives them the chance to rethink what they are saying so that they know what to do next time.

All kinds of awesome, Gitanjali Rao has been selected from 5,000 equally impressive nominees （被提名人）for TIME Magazine's first-ever "Kid of the Year”.

4. What gave Rao the idea of inventing the device Tethys?

A. The incident of lead pollution.

B. The issue with drug addiction.

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C. The shortage of water supplies.

D. The high cost of purifying water.

5. What is Rao expecting of Tethys?

A. It'll remove metal from water.

B. It'll make it to market soon.

C. It'll win her a higher prize.

D. It'll be fitted to cellphones.

6. What will Kindly allow users to do?

A. Receive pre-warning signals of threat.

B. Input words into a computer automatically.

C. Choose from secure social networking sites.

D. Weigh their words before posting them online.

7. Which of the following can best describe Gitanjali Rao as a young scientist?

A. Ambitious and humble.

B. Optimistic and adventurous.

C. Talkative and outstanding.

D. Creative and productive.

C

One in five children starting primary school in the UK are overweight. By the time they leave school, that figure will rise to one in three. The chance of them being overweight in adulthood, which brings a range of associated health risks, is high, at 50-75%.

The root cause of diet-related fatness is no secret: an energy imbalance between the quantity of food being consumed and the level of physical activity being conducted. Addressing this imbalance needs to be, in part, a review of our diet. More fresh ingredients （原料）especially fruit and vegetables, less processed foods and fewer additives （添加剂） are all important factors in building a balanced diet.

The Department of Health has recognized that a collective approach, rather than just inpidual behavior change, is a successful way of achieving this. Universal adjustments like a blanket decrease in sugar content influence the way we eat through the choices available to us.

Applying this approach to school kitchens makes sense. They have an important role to play in maintaining healthy diets. Offering a school menu packed with fresh ingredients and without artificial additives makes a direct and effective impact on what children eat at school.

It's an area the Soil Association consistently works to handle through its Food for Life program —working with schools to transform food culture, improve food education and encourage lasting changes to the way schools think about food. It works. In Food for Life schools, pupils are a third less likely to eat no fruit or vegetables than those in comparison schools.

One way for schools to get involved is a Food for Life Served Here award, which means at least 75% of dishes are prepared on site using fresh ingredients. It encourages local seasonal produce and, at silver or gold level, requires a commitment to environmentally friendly produce. At its heart, the award is designed to support health and enhance food understanding.

Over 50% of English primary schools have such an award already, serving around 1.7 million meals

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each day to over 10,000 schools and it's a figure we'll see grow.

8. What does the underlined word “addressing" in paragraph 2 mean?

A. Tackling.

B. Ignoring.

C. Maintaining.

D. Postponing.

9. Which approach will work for students to build a balanced diet?

A. Stopping them eating alone in schools.

B. Getting them aware of the harm of fatness.

C. Ensuring healthy recipes on school menus.

D. Increasing the availability and flavor of food.

10. What can we say about the Food for Life program?

A. It's a heavy load on schools.

B. It's complicated to operate.

C. It's a temporary project.

D. It's a fruitful attempt.

11. Which type of food may the Food for Life Served Here award promote?

A. Sugary snacks.

B. First-class sausages.

C. High-quality imported beef.

D. Freshly picked organic beans.

D

The flight of butterflies has so far been somewhat of a secret to researchers, given their unusually large and broad wings relative to their body size. Now researchers at Lund University in Sweden have studied the aerodynamics （空气动力）of butterflies in the wind tunnel （风洞）. The results suggest that butterflies use a highly helpfi.il clap technique, therefore making use of their unique wings. This helps them rapidly take off when escaping natural enemies.

The researchers studied the wingbeats of freely flying butterflies during takeoff in the wind tunnel. During the upward process, the wings cup, creating an air-filled pocket between them. When the wings strike each other, the air is forced out, resulting in a backward strong stream of air that pushes the butterflies forward. The downward wingbeat has another function: the butterflies stay in the air and do not fall to the ground.

The wings' striking was described by researchers almost 50 years ago, but it is only in this study that the theory has been tested on real butterflies in free flight. Until now, it has been generally believed that butterfly wings are aerodynamically inefficient. However, the researchers suggest that the opposite is actually true.

“That the wings are cupped when butterf lies clap them together, makes the wing clap much more effective. It is an elegant mechanism that is far more advanced than we imagined, and it is fascinating, says biology researcher Per Henningsson, who studied the butterflies'aerodynamics. "The results of the study could help inspire improved performance and flight technology in small unmanned aircraft," he continues.

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In addition to studying the butterflies, the researchers designed mechanical wings that are modeled on real ones. The shape and flexibility of the mechanical wings as they are cupped and folded confirm the efficiency. Their measurements show that the pushing force created by the flexible wings is 22 percent higher and the efficiency 28 percent better compared to if the wings had been rigid.

12. What does the researchers' study focus on?

A. The butterfly's body size.

B. The butterfly's flying principle.

C. The butterfly's escape technique.

D. The butterfly's frequency of wingbeats.

13. For what purpose do butterfly wings strike?

A. To empty the air pocket for forward force.

B. To release their additional energy.

C. To circle steadily in the air.

D. To form an air pocket.

14. Why were the mechanical wings made?

A. They might draw public attention.

B. They could be used to test the findings.

C. They'd show results in line with popular belief.

D. They helped avoid experimenting on live butterflies.

15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A. New Discoveries Are Made Based on Aerodynamics

B. Flexible Wings Boost Plane Making Industry

C. Butterfly Wing Clap Explains Secret of Flight

D. Butterfly Adapts Itself to the Wild Survival

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Earth Hour is organized by the World Wide Fund for Nature. It's a big event usually at the end of March every year. On this evening, people “go dark”. 16

It's true that turning off lights for just one hour saves only a small amount of power. _17 On one level joining in Earth Hour makes people think about the problem of climate change and what we can do in everyday life to protect nature.

But on another level, a large number of people's acting together sends a powerful message to governments and companies. 18 They begin considering green issues when making big decisions.

The logo （标识）of Earth Hour is "60+”. The number 60 is for the 60 minutes of Earth Hour. 19 In fact, people who join in Earth Hour say that taking part makes them want to do more for the environment.

20 Musicians give concerts by playing acoustic （原声的）instruments instead of electric ones, and

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using candles instead of electric lights. Celebrity chefs have created special recipes for families to prepare and eat by candlelight. Tree-planting sessions, group walks and runs are also among the options.

A. But this is only the beginning.

B. Earth Hour represents every hour of every day.

C. After all, everyone has to answer for what they have done.

D. Besides turning off the lights, people get involved in other events.

E. It pushes them to take urgent measures by making changes to policies.

F. That is, they switch off all unnecessary lights at the same time for one hour.

G. The plus invites people to continue their action even after Earth Hour is finished.

第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Five days before Christmas, police officer Lima was sent to a local Stop and Shop for a reported theft. The accusation was that two females were scanning （扫描）some items at the self-checkout but 21 other items and bagging those items. The two females and two children were already 22 by Loss and Prevention over there.

Lima had two girls himself, similar in age to the two girls there, so it 23 him a little bit. Lima 24 the receipt for the items they had paid for. There was nothing else like health and beauty items on it. The items were all 25 — things bought just to stuff themselves.

Then he asked an employee where the other items were that they had planned to take and was informed they were put back on the 26 .

Obviously, this family was in real need. While Lima firmly 27 following the law, he decided to cut them a break .and not to 28 .

The two females, 29 , were very grateful but kind of 30 because generally, in that same situation there would probably be a different 31 and they'd be arrested.

Lima took things a step further in an effort to 32 the family. He gave them a $200 gift card, telling them not to get things in illegal ways any more.

“I purchased the gift card close to the value of what would have been 33 said Lima. “I did what I felt was 34 . I just tried to show a little 35 to the extent permitted by law.”

21. A. labeling B. damaging C. sorting D. bypassing

22. A. misunderstood B. held C. tolerated D. unemployed

23. A. confused B. disappointed C. struck D. attracted

24. A. denied B. checked C. filled D. questioned

25. A. luxuries B. drinks C. presents D. foods

26. A. shelves B. counters C. checkout D. lockers

27. A. stood B. resisted C. believed in D. put off

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28. A. make trouble B. take responsibility C. play tricks D. press charges

29. A. consequently B. fortunately C. gradually D. incredibly

30. A. ashamed B. shocked C. anxious D. innocent

31. A. lesson B. outcome C. choice D. excuse

32. A. aid B. control C. remind D. reward

33. A. returned B. exchanged C. taken D. ordered

34. A. eye-catching B. risk-taking C. private D. right

35. A. politeness B. courage C. mercy D. admiration

第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Busy Colombians living in a city can be pressured. But there is a place for people to relieve stress in Bogota. 36 (sit) at the top of Monserrate Hill, east of the city, the place is a protected park for hummingbirds. The area contains a forest that has turned into a peaceful and 37 _ (harmony) world for both people and birds.

With the hummingbirds flying from flower to flower, some people study them through binoculars (双筒镜)and 38 (other) take pictures with cameras or phones.

“Sometimes it doesn't seem real because we are close to a city of eight million residents 39 generate noise every day,“ says Camilo Cantor, a caretaker in the park, whose job is to mix water and sugar and pu t it in bird feeders along a 300-meter path. "The park is 40 (true) a special place, like an oasis (绿洲).It is a place where people can go 41 (ease) stress, forget about troubles and get 42 break from busy city life," he added.

Ten years ago, the hill 43 (destroy), mercilessly and completely, meaning there were no trees left on it. But workers began to replant local trees and flowers to bring the forest back 44 life. Presently, visitors to the park can see over 100 species of birds there.

Hummingbirds can 45 (find) only on the American continent and Colombia is home to many different kinds.

第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(满分15分)

假定你是李华，最近你校举办了创意灯笼展。你的英国朋友Jack对此很感兴趣，发来邮件询问有关情况。请给他回复邮件，内容包括：

1.灯笼展的时间、地点；2,作品的来源、特色；3.你的感受。

注意：

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1.写作词数应为80左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

第二节（满分25分）

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

It was a Saturday in June, 1988. Out of a 16-year-old's early summer boredom, I had set up a tent in our rural yard and intended to sleep in it, but I stayed in the house to finish watching the Lakers' play-off game. It was almost midnight and Dad had been asleep upstairs for hours when someone knocked at the front door. It never occurred to me not to answer it.

To my surprise, it was a girl about my age with a bloody cut on her forehead. "Hi, I’m Maria. What's wrong with you?" I asked her with concern. Awkward and embarrassed, she replied: "I'm Jane. I...” she hesitated and then asked me carefully, "May I stay here for the night? I'll be off tomorrow morning." Seeing her uneasiness, I comforted her, “Take it easy, Jane. Stay with me tonight." I invited her into the house.

Looking around, Jane appeared to have calmed down. "Let me treat your injury first, I said and she agreed.

I cleansed and bandaged （包扎）her injured forehead and then gave her some bread and bacon to eat. "Want to sleep in my tent?" I asked her and she nodded. Having left her in the bathroom, I went to look for another sleeping bag. When I returned, Jane was seated on the sofa, her face clouded by sadness.

Walking across the dark yard, I accompanied Jane into the tent. We lay down side by side. Seized by curiosity and concern, I constantly turned over, wondering what had happened to her and how she came here. Jane seemed to have sensed that and started to speak.

Jane's father died of cancer years before. Her mother did odd cleaning jobs to raise her. Money was tight but her mother tried to do what she could to satisfy Jane. Several weeks before, Jane accidentally saw a fancy white dress in the store window, which she fell in love with at first sight. She excitedly told her mother about that, who promised to buy it as her birthday gift. From then on, Jane was looking forward to it.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

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2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

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山东省烟台市2021年高考诊断性测试

英语参考答案

第一部分 阅读（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）

1－5 CBCAB 6－10 DDACD 11－15 DBABC 16－20 FAEGD 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

21－25 DBCBD 26－30 A CDAB 31－35 B ACDC

第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

36. Sitting 37. harmonious 38. others 39. that /who 40. truly

41. to ease 42. a 43. was destroyed 44. to 45. be found

第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节 （满分15分） (One possible version)

Dear Jack,

Knowing that you’re interested in our school’s Innovative Lantern Show, I’m writing to share something about it.

Last Saturday evening, hundr eds of lighted lanterns, all of which were students’ self -made works, were hanging between the trees on our campus, getting viewers into a fantastic world. Additionally, the variously shaped lanterns were all made of recycled waste such as plastic bottles or cardboard, serving as a reminder for us to protect the environment. The impressive show amazed everyone present. It inspired us to add innovation to our traditional lantern culture, promote our creativity and boost our hands-on skills. Best wishes.

Yours,

Li Hua

第二节 （满分25分） (One possible version)

Jane’s 16th birthday came but her mother didn’t get home until the evenin g. Thirsty for the dress, Jane got extremely disappointed when seeing her mother back empty-handed. She stormed out before her mother could stop her. Jane walked angrily and aimlessly only to find herself in an unknown place hours later. Worse still, she fell down in the dark, hurting her forehead. Painful and hungry, she came to realize she shouldn’t have been so willful, but there was nobody around she could turn to for help. So she had to move on until she saw the light from our house.

Having told her story, Jane said she regretted being inconsiderate to her mom . I kept comforting her until we fell asleep. When Dad awoke us and was told the whole story the next morning, he said to Jane seriously, “It’s dangerous to run away from home. Your mom must be anxious about your safety. I’ll drive you home immediately.” After an hour’s ride, we reached Jane’s home, in front of which stood a worried woman. Jane rushed over and hugged her tightly, saying tearfully, “Sorry, M om.” Witnessing this, Dad and I breathed a sigh of relief.

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