宾语从句讲解及练习（附答案）张梦杰

初中英语语法宾语从句讲解专项练习及答案

宾语从句三注意时态语序引导词 主句一般现在时从句不需受限制 主句一般过去时从句须用相应时

陈述句转化that引一般疑问句用if/whether, 特殊问句疑问词引导词后陈述式。

一、基本讲解

1 概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的

宾语。eg, He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语)

He asks him how long Mike has been down . (动词宾语) （了解） Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语) 2.连接词

(1) .陈述句转化成宾语从句时引导词用that,口语中常常省略。 e.g, She told me (that) she would like to go with us.

(2)以 whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句, 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的 宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序

eg, I wonder if /whether you have told the new to Li Lei .

注意一般情况下whether 和if 可以互用 但有些情况例外。 a. 当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether 不用if

eg, We are talking about whether we'll go on the pinic. b. 引导词与动词不定式或 not 连用时 只用whether.

eg, Please let me know what to do next. Could you tell me whether u go or not? c. if当如果讲时 引导的是条件状语从句 这时不能用whether.

(3).特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时引导词用特殊疑问词引导词后要用陈述句语序。 E.g. Could you tell me what's the matter\\wrong with you?

特殊情况==当do you think后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时句式结构应为引导词do you think，用陈述句语序。 3.宾语从句时态

a.当主句是一般现在时一般将来时或祈使句时从句不受主句的限制根据自身的需要选用相应的时态。例如

Do you knowif/whether he has seen the film?

2 b.当主句是一般过去时从句要用过去时的相应时态。例如 I didn't know if/whether he had seen the film.

注意当主句是一般过去时而从句表示的是客观真理自然现象科学原理格言等 从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如

He said that the earth moves round the sun.

The teacher told us that light travels much faster than sound. 4.、人称的变化和标点的使用

a.从句的主语如果是第一人称变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致如果是第二人称则 与主句的宾语一致如果是第三人称不用变化。如

“May I use your knife”He asked me. →He asked me if he might use my knife.

“Do you know her telephone number”He asked me. →He asked me if I know her telephone number.

b. 宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句用句号主句是疑问句用问号。如 Who will give us a talk? I don?t know. →I don?t know who will give us a talk.

Do you knowWhere does he live? →Do you know where he lives? 步骤：1、根据原句确定连接词（that、if 、whether、特殊疑问词 ） 2、调整语序（陈述句） 3、根据主句确定时态 4、人称变化和标点的使用

二、宾语从句的转化 （了解）简化宾语从句常用六法。

1.2. 当主句谓语动词是hopewishdecideforgetplanagree等且主句主语与从句

主语相同时从句可简化为不定式结构。如 She agreed that she could help me with my maths.

→She agreed to help me with my maths.

2.当主句的谓语动词是know, learn, forget, remember, decide等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾 语时，主从句的主语也须一致这时从句可以简化成“疑问词不定式结构”。例如 I don't know which sweater I should buy.→I don't know which sweater to buy.

3.当主句的谓语动词是asktell, show, teach等后面带双宾语时从句的主语和间接宾语一 致且从句是由特殊疑问句转化来时从句可以转化成“疑问词不定式结构”,或者在连 代词/副词引导的宾语从句中当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时宾语从句可简化 为“连接代词/副词不定式”结构。如→Could you tell me how to get to the park?

4. 当主句谓语动词是findseewatchhear等感官动词时从句常简化为“宾语宾补”

结构宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。如 She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground. →She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground.

初中英语宾语从句语法专项精选试题 习题(一)（时态）

1 The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them. A. took B. take C. takes D. will take

2 Catherine said that she ___ to Guangzhou.

A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has never been D. had never been 3 The students want to know whether they___ dictation today. A. had B. has . C. will have D. are

4 She asked Linda if___ go and get some.

A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may 5 Linda said the moon___ round the earth.

A. travelled B. has travelled C. travells D. had travelled 习题(二)（连接词）

1 Can you tell me___ you were born, Betty

A. who B. what C. when D. that

2 I don't know ___ they have passed the exam. A. what B. if C. when D. where

3 I hardly understand. ___ he has told me. A. that B. what C. which D. who 4 She didn't know___ back soon.

A. whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be

5. I don't know _____ he still lives here after so many years. A. whether B where C. what D. when

6. Do you know _____ they listened to yesterday evening A. what B when C why D how

7. He asked me _____told me the accident. A whom B which C who D whose 习题(三)（语序）

1. They don't know --------their parents are. A that B what C why D which

2. Please tell me ______what last year.

A. where does your sister work B where did your sister work C where your sister works D where your sister worked 3. She asked me if I knew ______.

A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen was it 4. You must remember ________.

A. what your mother said B. what did your mother say C. your mother said what D. what has your mother said 5 Did you know ____

A. who he was looking after B. who was he looking for C. who he is looking for D. who he is looking after 6 Could you tell me ___

A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave Beijing C. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing 习题(四)

1. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shop keeper _____ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book. (北京市东城区) A. that B. how C. WhatD. if

2. —I don't know _____ Mr. Green will come to see us. —He will help us with our English. (杭州市) A. why B. when C. how D. where

3.—We never know _____ the old m an is. —They say he is a teacher. (鄂州市) A. what B. who C. which D. where

4. I was told _____ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers. (重庆市)

A. that how B. how that C. when that D. that when

5. —Do you know _____ I'm going to see him. —Sorry, I don't know. (北京市海淀区)

A. where does Mr. Li live B. where did Mr. Li live C. where Mr. Li lives D. where Mr. Li lived

6. —W here do you think _____ he _____ the computer —Sorry, I have no idea. (南京市)

A. /; bought B. has; bought C. did; buy D. does; buy

7. I don't feel very well. Mum asked me _____ this morning. (重庆市) A. what the matter is B. what is wrong C. what the matter was D. what wrong was 8. —Where is Jack

—He is away to spend his holiday. He's gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan, but I'm not sure _____ . (南昌市)

A. that B. which C. where D. there

参考答案：

答案:1-5 A D C B C 答案:1-7 C B B A A A C 答案:1-6 B D B A A C

答案:1—4 D A A D 5—8 C A C C

Answers

一、选择题（2×15=30分）

1. B2. D3.A 4. C5. 6.C 7.B 8.B 9.C 10. B11.B 12.D 13.B 14. B15.A 二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。（1×20=20分）(请注意时态和语态两个方面噢)

1.will be built 2. is being discussed 3. is spoken 4. hasn’t been found 5. were cut 6.are told 7. must be sent 8. are sold 9.are made , are made 10. be taken 11.is cleaned 12. be seen 13. have been watered 14. sells 15. has been 16. smells 17 is dancing

三、按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。 （1×30=30分） 1.Do, grow 2. is given to me 3.soon is 4. will be sung5. needn’t be done 6. is used for 7. was made to do 8. is being watched 9. was built 10. have been sold 11. is called 四、根据所给汉语完成句子，一空一词。 (1×10=10分) ① was bought for me ② Is made in China ③ covered with 五、下列各句均有一处错误，请找出并改正过来。 （10分）

①be done改为 do② listened改为 listened to ③ remembered 改为 was remembered

④ is sounded 改为sounds ⑤By who 改为 By whom

被动语态专项练习（一）

一、选择题

( )1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year?

A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build ( )2. An accident ____ on this road last week.

A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened ( )3.Cotton（棉花） ____ in the southeast of China.

A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow ( )4.So far, the moon ____ by man already.

A. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited ( )5.A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives ( )6.How many trees ____ this year?

A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted ( )7.A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now.

A. are doing B. are being done C. has been done D. will be done ( )8.--When ___ this kind of computers______? --Last year.

A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used ( )9.The Great Wall ____ all over the world.

A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known ( )10.Who _____ this book _____?

A. did; written B. was; written by C. did; written D. was; written ( )11.A story _____ by Granny yesterday.

A. was told us B. was told to us C. is told us D. told us ( )12.The monkey was seen _____ off the tree.

A. jump B. jumps C. jumped D. to jump ( )13.The school bag ___ behind the chair.

A. puts B. can be put C. can be putted D. can put ( )14.Older people ____ well.

A. looks after B. must be looked after C. must look after D. looked after ( )15.Our teacher ______ carefully.

A. should be listened to B. should be listen C. be listened D. is listened 二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。(请注意时态和语态两个方面噢) 1.It's said(据说) that the long bridge______________（build）in two months． 2.Where to have the meeting ______________ （discuss）now．

3.Which language _______the most widely_______（speak）in the world？ 4.The lost boy_____________（not find）so far．

5.Last year a large number of trees______________（cut）down．

6. The students _____ often _____(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs. 7. The old man is ill. He ______ (must send) to the hospital. 8. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_________ (sell) in this shop. 9. What _______ knives ______ (make) of ?

They_______________(make) of metal(金属) and wood. 10. Can the magazine ________ (take) out of the library? 11. The room _____________ (clean) by me every day. 12. The stars can’t _____________ (see) in the daytime.

13. Some flowers _______________ (water) by Li Ming already. 14. This kind of shoes __________ (sell) well.

15. How long _____ your uncle ______(be) in the city? 16. The food _____________ (smell) delicious. 17. Look! Someone __________(dance). 三、按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。

1.Is tea grown in South China？（改为主动语态） _______ people _________ tea in South China？

2.I am given a birthday present by my parents every year．（同义句转换）

A birthday present _______ _______ _______ _______by my parents every year． 3.The work is going to be finished in two days. (对划线提问) How_______ _______ the work going to be finished ? 4. The children will sing an English song. (改为被动语态)

An English song ______ ______ _______ by the children. 5. You needn't do it now. (改为被动语态)

It ______ ________ ________ by you now.

6. People use metal for making machines. (改为被动语态) Metal ________ _________ _______making machines. 7. He made me do that for him. (改为被动语态)

I ______ ________ ________ ______ that for him. 8.They are watching the football match.

The football match _______ _______ _______ by them. 9.Did they build a bridge here a year ago? (改为被动语态)

__________ a bridge ____________ here by them a year ago? 10.They have sold out the light green dresses. (改为被动语态)

The light green dresses ________ _________ ___________ out. 11.We call the game “Lianliankan”. (改为被动语态) The game _______ ________ “Lianliankan” by us. 四、根据所给汉语完成句子，一空一词。

①The new bike ______ ______ _____ _____ （买给我）by my parents as a present last week．

②_______ your mobile phone _______ _______ ________（是国产的吗）？ ③The whole mountain is _________ _________ (覆盖) the snow. 五、下列各句均有一处错误，请找出并改正过来。

①I have a lot of homework to be done tonight． ____________ ②Is your history teacher listened carefully in class？ ____________ ③Lei Feng's name remembered by all Chinese people． ____________ ④The music is sounded beautiful. ____________ ⑤By who was this new educational CD-ROM designed ? _________

They_______________(make) of metal(金属) and wood. 10. Can the magazine ________ (take) out of the library? 11. The room _____________ (clean) by me every day. 12. The stars can’t _____________ (see) in the daytime.

13. Some flowers _______________ (water) by Li Ming already. 14. This kind of shoes __________ (sell) well.

15. How long _____ your uncle ______(be) in the city? 16. The food _____________ (smell) delicious. 17. Look! Someone __________(dance). 三、按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。

1.Is tea grown in South China？（改为主动语态） _______ people _________ tea in South China？

2.I am given a birthday present by my parents every year．（同义句转换）

A birthday present _______ _______ _______ _______by my parents every year． 3.The work is going to be finished in two days. (对划线提问) How_______ _______ the work going to be finished ? 4. The children will sing an English song. (改为被动语态)

An English song ______ ______ _______ by the children. 5. You needn't do it now. (改为被动语态)

It ______ ________ ________ by you now.

6. People use metal for making machines. (改为被动语态) Metal ________ _________ _______making machines. 7. He made me do that for him. (改为被动语态)

I ______ ________ ________ ______ that for him. 8.They are watching the football match.

The football match _______ _______ _______ by them. 9.Did they build a bridge here a year ago? (改为被动语态)

__________ a bridge ____________ here by them a year ago? 10.They have sold out the light green dresses. (改为被动语态)

The light green dresses ________ _________ ___________ out. 11.We call the game “Lianliankan”. (改为被动语态) The game _______ ________ “Lianliankan” by us. 四、根据所给汉语完成句子，一空一词。

①The new bike ______ ______ _____ _____ （买给我）by my parents as a present last week．

②_______ your mobile phone _______ _______ ________（是国产的吗）？ ③The whole mountain is _________ _________ (覆盖) the snow. 五、下列各句均有一处错误，请找出并改正过来。

①I have a lot of homework to be done tonight． ____________ ②Is your history teacher listened carefully in class？ ____________ ③Lei Feng's name remembered by all Chinese people． ____________ ④The music is sounded beautiful. ____________ ⑤By who was this new educational CD-ROM designed ? _________

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