M8 Unit5柯林斯高级英汉双解词典

M8 Unit5

1、△identify /a d nt fa / vt. 确定；识别；使参与；把…看成一样(identifying, identified, identifies)

1、 V-T If you can identify someone or something, you are able to recognize them or distinguish

them from others. 识别

例： There are a number of distinguishing characteristics by which you can identify a Hollywood epic. 通过其诸多与众不同的特点,你可以识别出好莱坞的史诗影片。

2、V-T If you identify someone or something, you name them or say who or what they are. 确认 例： Police have already identified 10 murder suspects.

警方已经确认了10名谋杀嫌疑犯。

3、V-T If you identify something, you discover or notice its existence. 发现; 察觉

例： Scientists claim to have identified chemicals produced by certain plants which have powerful cancer-fighting properties.

科学家们声称已经发现某些植物产生的化学物质有强大的抗癌功能。

4、V-T If a particular thing identifies someone or something, it makes them easy to recognize, by making them different in some way. 是…的标志; 使易于辨认

例： She wore a little nurse's hat on her head to identify her.

她头上戴了一顶小护士帽，这使她易于辨认。

5、V-I If you identify with someone or something, you feel that you understand them or their feelings and ideas. 理解; 认同

例： She would only play a role if she could identify with the character.

她只愿扮演自己认同的人物角色。

6、V-T If you identify one person or thing with another, you think that they are closely associated or involved in some way. 认为…密切相关

例： Moore really hates to play the sweet, passive women that audiences have identified her with. 穆尔非常讨厌饰演观众已将她定型的温柔可爱、逆来顺受的女性角色。

2、alternative / l t n t v/ adj. 供选择的；选择性的；交替的n. 二中择一；供替代的选择(alternatives)

1、 N-COUNT If one thing is an alternative to another, the first can be found, used, or done instead of

the second. 替代品

例： New ways to treat arthritis may provide an alternative to painkillers.

治疗关节炎的新方法可能会提供一种止痛药的替代品。

2、ADJ An alternative plan or offer is different from the one that you already have, and can be done or used instead. 另外的[ADJ n]

例： There were alternative methods of travel available.

有另外的旅行方式可采用。

3、ADJ Alternative is used to describe something that is different from the usual things of its kind, or the usual ways of doing something, in modern Western society. For example, an alternative lifestyle does not follow conventional ways of living and working. 另类的[ADJ n]

例： ...unconventional parents who embraced the alternative lifestyle of the Sixties.

…信奉60年代另类生活方式的与众不同的家长们。

4、ADJ Alternative medicine uses traditional ways of curing people, such as medicines made from plants, massage, and acupuncture. 替代性的 (疗法)[ADJ n]

例： ...alternative health care.

…替代性保健。

5、ADJ Alternative energy uses natural sources of energy such as the sun, wind, or water for power and fuel, rather than oil, coal, or nuclear power. 可再生的 (能源)[ADJ n]

3、△archaeology / ɑ k l d / n. 考古学(<美>archeology)

1、N-UNCOUNT Archaeology is the study of the societies and peoples of the past by examining the remains of their buildings, tools, and other objects. 考古学

2、archaeologica lADJ考古学的[ADJ n]

例： ...one of the region's most important archaeological sites.

…该地区最重要的考古遗址之一。

4、△archaeological [,ɑ:ki 'l d ik l] adj. [古] 考古学的；[古] 考古学上的

5、△archaeologist [,ɑ:ki' l d ist] n. 考古学家

6、starvation /stɑ ve n/ n. 饿死；挨饿；绝食

N-UNCOUNT Starvation is extreme suffering or death, caused by lack of food. 饥饿; 饿死

例： Over three hundred people have died of starvation since the beginning of the year.

自那年年初开始，已有三百多人饿死了。

7、tentative / t nt t v/ adj. 试验性的，暂定的；踌躇的

1、ADJ Tentative agreements, plans, or arrangements are not definite or certain, but have been made as a first step. 初步的

例： Political leaders have reached a tentative agreement to hold a preparatory conference next month. 政治领导人已经就下个月召开准备会达成初步协议。.

2、tentatively ADV初步地[ADV with v]

例： The next round of talks is tentatively scheduled to begin October 21st in Washington.

下一轮谈判初步定在10月21日于华盛顿进行。

3、ADJ If someone is tentative, they are cautious and not very confident because they are uncertain or afraid. 犹豫的

例： My first attempts at complaining were kind of tentative.

我头几次的投诉尝试都有点儿犹豫。

4、tentatively ADV犹豫地[ADV with v]

例： Perhaps, he suggested tentatively, they should send for Dr. Esteves.

他犹犹豫豫地建议道，他们也许应该派人去请埃斯特维斯医生。

8、accuracy / ækj r s / n. [数] 精确度，准确性

1、N-UNCOUNT The accuracy of information or measurements is their quality of being true or correct, even in small details. 精确 (性); 准确 (性)

例： Every care has been taken to ensure the accuracy of all information given in this leaflet. 已经采取了一切措施来保证这张传单上所有信息的准确。

2、N-UNCOUNT If someone or something performs a task, for example, hitting a target, with accuracy, they do it in an exact way without making a mistake. 准确无误

例： ...weapons that could fire with accuracy at targets 3,000 yards away.

…那些可以准确无误地射中3000码以外的目标的武器。

9、△excavate / ksk ve t/ vt. 挖掘；开凿(excavating, excavated, excavates)

1、V-T When archaeologists or other people excavate a piece of land, they remove earth carefully from it and look for things such as pots, bones, or buildings that are buried there, in order to discover information about the past. 挖掘 (古物)

例： A new Danish expedition is again excavating the site in annual summer digs.

一支新的丹麦考察队又在对那个地方进行年度的夏季挖掘。

2、excavation N-VAR挖掘

例： She worked on the excavation of a Mayan archaeological site.

她那时从事一个玛雅考古遗址的挖掘工作。

3、V-T To excavate means to dig a hole in the ground, for example, in order to build there. 挖; 开凿 例： A contractor was hired to drain the reservoir and to excavate soil from one area for replacement with clay.

一个承包商被雇来排干蓄水池里的水，然后挖出其中一块地方的泥土，换上粘土。

4、excavation N-VAR挖; 开凿

例： ...the excavation of canals.

…运河的开凿。

10、△excavation [,eksk 'vei n] n. 挖掘，发掘

11、interrupt / nt r pt/ vt. 中断；打断；插嘴；妨碍vi. 打断；打扰(interrupting, interrupted, interrupts)

1、 V-T/V-I If you interrupt someone who is speaking, you say or do something that causes them to

stop. 打断

例： Turkin tapped him on the shoulder. "Sorry to interrupt, Colonel."

图尔金拍了拍他肩膀说：“对不起，上校，打断你一下。”

2、interruption N-VAR打断

例： The sudden interruption stopped Justin in mid-sentence.

贾斯廷话说到一半时被突然打断了。

3、V-T If someone or something interrupts a process or activity, they stop it for a period of time. 妨碍 例： People kept nosing around the place, interrupting my work.

人们在这周围不断查看着，打断了我的工作。

4、interruption N-VAR中断

例： ...interruptions in the supply of food and fuel.

…食品和燃料供应的中断。.

5、V-T If something interrupts a line, surface, or view, it stops it from being continuous or makes it look irregular. 遮住

例： Taller plants interrupt the views from the house.

高的树木遮住了房子外的视线。

12、acute / kju t/ adj. 严重的，[医] 急性的；敏锐的；激烈的；尖声的

1、ADJ You can use acute to indicate that an undesirable situation or feeling is very severe or intense. 严峻的

例： The war has aggravated an acute economic crisis.

这场战争加剧了一场严峻的经济危机。

例： The report has caused acute embarrassment to the government.

这份报告使政府极其尴尬。

2、ADJ An acute illness is one that becomes severe very quickly but does not last very long. Compare . 急性的[医学][ADJ n]

例： ...a patient with acute rheumatoid arthritis.

…一位患急性风湿性关节炎的病人。

3、ADJ If a person's or animal's sight, hearing, or sense of smell is acute, it is sensitive and powerful. 敏锐的

例： When she lost her sight, her other senses grew more acute.

失明以后，她的其他感官变得更加敏锐了。

4、ADJ An acute angle is less than 90°. Compare angle. 锐 (角)

5、ADJ An acute accent is a symbol that is placed over vowels in some languages in order to indicate how that vowel is pronounced or over one letter in a word to indicate where it is stressed. You refer to a letter with this accent as, for example, e acute. For example, there is an acute accent over the letter "e" in the French word "café." 尖音符的 (E)(上的符号)[ADJ n, n ADJ]

13、assume / sju m/ vt. 承担；假定；采取；呈现(assuming, assumed, assumes)

1、V-T If you assume that something is true, you imagine that it is true, sometimes wrongly. 假设 例： It is a misconception to assume that the two continents are similar.

假设这两块大陆类似是种错误概念。

例： If mistakes occurred, they were assumed to be the fault of the commander on the spot. 如果出现了错误，它们就被以为是现场指挥官的错。

2、V-T If someone assumes power or responsibility, they take power or responsibility. 接受 (权利、责任)

例： Mr. Cross will assume the role of CEO with a team of four directors.

克罗斯先生将担任由４位执行官组成的一个团队的首席执行官一职。

3、V-T If you assume a particular expression or way of behaving, you start to look or behave in this way. 做出 (某表情); 采取 (某行为方式)

例： He managed to assume an air of calm.

他设法表现出一幅平静的样子。

14、regardless /r ɡɑ dl s/ adj. 不管；不顾；不注意

1、PHRASE If something happens regardless of something else, it is not affected or influenced at all by that other thing. 不管; 无论

例： It takes in anybody regardless of religion, colour, or creed.

这个组织接纳任何人，不管其宗教、肤色或信仰。

2、ADV If you say that someone did something regardless, you mean that they did it even though there were problems or factors that could have stopped them, or perhaps should have stopped them. 不顾一切地[ADV after v]

例： Despite her recent surgery she has been carrying on regardless.

尽管她最近动了手术，她却一直在不顾一切地继续工作。

15、regardless of 不顾，不管

16、mat /mæt/ n. 垫；垫子；衬边(mats)

1、N-COUNT A mat is a small piece of something such as cloth, card, or plastic which you put on a table to protect it from plates or cups. (杯、盘的) 垫子

例： The food is served on polished tables with mats.

食物被摆放在擦得光亮的餐桌的垫子上。

2、N-COUNT A mat is a small piece of carpet or other thick material which is put on the floor for protection, decoration, or comfort. 小地毯; 厚垫子

例： There was a letter on the mat.

地毯上有一封信。

3、V to tangle or weave or become tangled or woven into a dense mass 缠结; 使...缠结

17、quilt /kw lt/ n. 被子；棉被(quilting, quilted, quilts)

1、N-COUNT A quilt is a bed cover made by sewing layers of cloth together, usually with different colours sewn together to make a design. 被子

例： ...an old patchwork quilt.

…一条旧的拼布被子。

2、N-COUNT A quilt is a thin cover filled with feathers or some other warm, soft material, which you put over your blankets when you are in bed. 羽绒床罩[英国英语]

3、V-T/V-I If you quilt, or if you quilt a piece of fabric, you make a quilt. 缝制 (被子); 缝制被子 例： Maggie knows how to quilt.

玛吉知道怎样缝被子。

例： Quilting a bed cover can be laborious.

缝制一个床罩会很费力的。

18、beast /bi st/ n. 野兽；畜生，人面兽心的人(<美>centimeter) (beasts)

N-COUNT You can refer to an animal as a beast, especially if it is a large, dangerous, or unusual one. (尤指罕见或巨大凶猛的) 兽[文学性]

例： ...the threats our ancestors faced from wild beasts.

…我们祖辈所面临的来自野兽的威胁。

19、at most 至多

20、centimetre / s nt mi t / n. 厘米；公分(centimetres)

N-COUNT A centimetre is a unit of length in the metric system equal to ten millimetres or

one-hundredth of a meter. 厘米

例： ...a tiny fossil plant, only a few centimetres high.

…一块小小的植物化石，只有几厘米高。

21、sharpen / ɑ p n/ vt. 削尖；磨快；使敏捷；加重vi. 尖锐；变锋利(sharpening, sharpened, sharpens)

1、 V-T/V-I If your senses, understanding, or skills sharpen or are sharpened, you become better at

noticing things, thinking, or doing something. 使敏锐; 增强

例： Her gaze sharpened, as if she had seen something unusual.

她眼睛一亮，好像看到了不寻常的东西。

例： He will need to sharpen his diplomatic skills in order to work with Congress.

他将需要增强外交技巧以与国会打交道。

2、V-T If you sharpen an object, you make its edge very thin or you make its end pointed. 使变锋利; 弄尖

例： He started to sharpen his knife.

他开始磨刀。

22、sharpener / ɑ p n / n. 卷笔刀；[机] 磨具；研磨者(sharpeners)

N-COUNT A sharpener is a tool or machine used for sharpening pencils or knives. 磨具; 卷笔刀 例： ...a pencil sharpener.

…一个卷笔刀。

23、cut up vt. 切碎；抨击(cutting, cuts)

PHRASAL VERB If you cut something up, you cut it into several pieces. 切碎

例： Halve the tomatoes, then cut them up coarsely.

把西红柿切成两半，然后再把它们粗略切一下。

24、△scrape /skre p/ vt. 刮；擦伤；挖成(scraping, scraped, scrapes)

1、V-T If you scrape something from a surface, you remove it, especially by pulling a sharp object over the surface. 刮掉

例： She went around the car scraping the frost off the windows.

她绕着车刮掉车窗上的霜。.

2、V-T/V-I If something scrapes against something else, it rubs against it, making a noise or causing slight damage. 刮擦

例： The only sound is that of knives and forks scraping against china.

惟一的声音是刀叉刮擦瓷器的声音。

例： The car hurtled past us, scraping the wall and screeching to a halt.

那辆汽车从我们身旁疾驰而过，刮擦着墙嘎然停下。

3、V-T If you scrape a part of your body, you accidentally rub it against something hard and rough, and damage it slightly. 擦伤

例： She stumbled and fell, scraping her palms and knees.

她绊了一跤摔倒了，擦伤了双掌和双膝。

25、△scraper / skre p / n. 刮刀；铲土机；守财奴(scrapers)

N-COUNT A scraper is a tool that has a small handle and a metal or plastic blade and can be used for scraping a particular surface clean. 刮削器

26、ample / æmp l/ adj. 丰富的；足够的；宽敞的(ampler, amplest)

1、ADJ If there is an ample amount of something, there is enough of it and usually some extra. 充足的

例： There'll be ample opportunity to relax, swim and soak up some sun.

将会有充足的机会来放松、游泳和接受一些阳光。.

2、amply ADV充足地

例： This collection of his essays and journalism amply demonstrates his commitment to democracy. 他的这部散文和新闻报道集充分地证明了他对民主的奉献。

27、messy / m s / adj. 凌乱的，散乱的；肮脏的，污秽的；麻烦的(messier, messiest)

1、ADJ A messy person or activity makes things dirty or not neat. 邋遢的

例： She was a good, if messy, cook.

尽管有点邋遢，她还是一名好厨师。

2、ADJ Something that is messy is dirty or not neat. 脏的

例： Don't worry if this first coat of paint looks messy.

如果这第一层油漆看上去有点脏的话，不用担心。

3、ADJ If you describe a situation as messy, you are emphasizing that it is confused or complicated, and therefore unsatisfactory. 混乱而复杂的

例： John had been through a messy divorce himself.

约翰自己经历过一次棘手的离婚。

28、primitive / pr m t v/ adj. 原始的，远古的；简单的，粗糙的

1、ADJ Primitive means belonging to a society in which people live in a very simple way, usually without industries or a writing system. 原始的 (社会)

例： ...studies of primitive societies.

…对原始社会的研究。

2、ADJ Primitive means belonging to a very early period in the development of an animal or plant. 原始的 (动物、植物)

例： ...primitive whales.

…原始鲸。

例： Primitive humans needed to be able to react like this to escape from dangerous animals. 原始人们需要能够像这样反应以逃脱危险的动物。

3、ADJ If you describe something as primitive, you mean that it is very simple in style or very old-fashioned. 简陋的; 旧式的

例： The conditions are primitive by any standards.

这些条件以任何标准衡量都是简陋的。

29、△bead /bi d/ n. 珠子；滴；念珠(beads)

1、N-COUNT Beads are small pieces of coloured glass, wood, or plastic with a hole through the middle. Beads are often put together on a piece of string or wire to make jewellery. 中间有孔的小珠子 例： ...a string of beads.

…一串珠子。

2、N-COUNT A bead of liquid or moisture is a small drop of it. (液体或湿气的) 小滴

例： ...beads of blood.

…滴滴鲜血。

30、botany / b t n / n. 植物学；地区植物总称

N-UNCOUNT Botany is the scientific study of plants. 植物学

31、botanical / b tæn k l/ adj. 植物学的

ADJ Botanical books, research, and activities relate to the scientific study of plants. 植物学的[ADJ n] 例： The area is of great botanical interest.

该地区很有植物学研究价值。

32、analysis / næl s s/ n. 分析；分解；验定(analyses / næl si z/ )

1、N-VAR Analysis is the process of considering something carefully or using statistical methods in order to understand it or explain it. 分析

例： Sporting greatness defies analysis – but we know it when we see it.

运动的伟大无法进行分析–但是我们一看就知道。

2、N-VAR Analysis is the scientific process of examining something in order to find out what it consists of. 化验分析

例： They collect blood samples for analysis at a national laboratory.

他们收集血样以在一个国家实验室做化验分析。

3、N-COUNT An analysis is an explanation or description that results from considering something carefully. 分析报告

例： Coming up after the newscast, an analysis of the president's domestic policy.

在新闻广播之后是一个对总统国内政策的分析报告。

33、seashell / si l/ n. 海贝，贝壳；海贝壳(seashells)

N-COUNT Seashells are the empty shells of small sea creatures. 海贝壳[usu pl]

34、ripen / ra p n/ vt. 使成熟vi. 成熟(ripening, ripened, ripens)

V-T/V-I When crops ripen or when the sun ripens them, they become ripe. (指庄稼) 成熟

例： I'm waiting for the apples to ripen.

我在等这些苹果成熟。

35、category / kæt ɡ r / n. 种类，分类；[数] 范畴(categories)

N-COUNT If people or things are divided into categories, they are divided into groups in such a way that the members of each group are similar to each other in some way. 种类; 范畴

例： This book clearly falls into the category of fictionalized autobiography.

这本书显然类属自传体小说。

36、significance /s ɡ n f k ns/ n. 意义；重要性；意思

N-UNCOUNT The significance of something is the importance that it has, usually because it will have an effect on a situation or shows something about a situation. 重要性; 意义

例： Ideas about the social significance of religion have changed over time.

有关宗教的社会意义的观念已随时间的流逝发生了改变。

37、somehow / s m ha / adv. 以某种方法；莫明其妙地

ADV You use somehow to say that you do not know or cannot say how something was done or will be done. 不知怎地; 不知以什么方式

例： We'll manage somehow, you and me. I know we will.

我们总会应付过去的，你和我。我知道我们会的。

例： Somehow Karin managed to cope with the demands of her career.

不知怎么地，卡林设法应付了那些来自工作的要求。

38、systematic / s st mæt k/ adj. 系统的；体系的；有系统的；[图情] 分类的

1、ADJ Something that is done in a systematic way is done according to a fixed plan, in a thorough and efficient way. 有计划的

例： They went about their business in a systematic way.

他们按部就班地做生意。

2、systematically ADV有计划地

例： The army has systematically violated human rights.

军队已有计划地侵犯了人权。

39、spit /sp t/ vt. 吐，吐出；发出；发射(spat, spit; spat, spit) vi. 吐痰；吐口水；发出劈啪声(spitting, spat, spits)

1、 N-UNCOUNT Spit is the watery liquid produced in your mouth. You usually use spit to refer to an

amount of it that has been forced out of someone's mouth. 口水

例： A trickle of spit collected at the corner of her mouth.

一小股口水积聚在了她的嘴角。

2、V-I If someone spits, they force an amount of liquid out of their mouth, often to show hatred or contempt. 吐唾沫

例： The gang thought of hitting him too, but decided just to spit.

那个团伙也想到揍他，但决定只朝他吐唾沫。

例： They spat at me and taunted me.

他们又朝我吐唾沫又嘲弄我。

3、V to utter (short sharp words or syllables), esp in a violent manner 粗暴地讲(短句或音节).

4、V to rain very lightly 下毛毛细雨

5、V-T If you spit liquid or food somewhere, you force a small amount of it out of your mouth. 吐出 例： Spit out that gum and pay attention.

吐掉那口香糖，专心点。

6、N-COUNT A spit is a long rod which is pushed through a piece of meat and hung over an open fire to cook the meat. 烤肉扦子

例： She roasted the meat on a spit.

她在烤肉扦子上烤了那块肉。

7、N the depth of earth cut by a spade; a spade's depth 一铁锹深的土; 一铁锹深

8、PHRASE If you say that one person is the spitting image of another, you mean that they look very similar. 与某人简直一模一样[非正式]

例： Nina looks the spitting image of Sissy Spacek.

尼娜看上去简直和茜茜 斯派塞克一模一样。

40、delete /d li t/ vt. 删除(deleting, deleted, deletes)

V-T If you delete something that has been written down or stored in a computer, you cross it out or remove it. 删除

例： He also deleted files from the computer system.

他也从计算机系统中删除了文件。

41、album / ælb m/ n. 相簿；唱片集；集邮簿；签名纪念册(albums)

1、N-COUNT An album is a collection of songs that is available on a CD, record, or cassette. 唱片专辑

例： Chris likes music and has a large collection of albums and cassettes.

克里斯喜欢音乐，并且收藏了大量的唱片和磁带。

例： Oasis release their new album on July 1.

绿洲乐队将于7月1日发行他们的新专辑。

2、N-COUNT An album is a book in which you keep things such as photographs or stamps that you have collected. (收存照片或邮票的) 册子

例： Theresa showed me her photo album.

特雷莎给我看了她的相册。

43、scratch /skræt / n. 擦伤；抓痕；刮擦声；乱写vt. 抓；刮；挖出；乱涂(scratching, scratched, scratches)

1、 V-T If you scratch yourself, you rub your fingernails against your skin because it is itching. 挠 例： He scratched himself under his arm.

他在自己腋下挠了挠。

例： The old man lifted his cardigan to scratch his side.

那位老人撩起他的开襟毛衣挠了挠身子侧面。

2、V-T If a sharp object scratches someone or something, it makes small shallow cuts on their skin or surface. 划破

例： The branches tore at my jacket and scratched my hands and face.

那些树枝挂了我的夹克，划破了我的双手和脸。

3、N-COUNT Scratches on someone or something are small shallow cuts. 划伤

例： The seven-year-old was found crying with scratches on his face and neck.

那个7岁的孩子被找到时正在哭，脸上和颈上都有划伤。

4、PHRASE If you do something from scratch, you do it without making use of anything that has been done before. 从零开始

例： Building a home from scratch can be both exciting and challenging.

白手起家既激动人心又具有挑战性。

5、PHRASE If you say that someone is scratching their head, you mean that they are thinking hard and trying to solve a problem or puzzle. 绞尽脑汁思考

例： The Institute spends a lot of time scratching its head about how to boost American productivity. 这家研究所花大量时间绞尽脑汁思考怎样推进美国的生产力。

44、academyv/ kæd m / n. 学院；研究院；学会；专科院校(academies)

1、N-COUNT Academy is sometimes used in the names of schools and colleges, especially those specializing in particular subjects or skills, or private high schools in the United States. 有时用于 (尤为专科) 院校或美国私立中学名称中

例： He is an English teacher at the Seattle Academy for Arts and Sciences.

他是西雅图文理学院的一名英语老师。

2、N-IN-NAMES Academy appears in the names of some societies formed to improve or maintain standards in a particular field. 用于专业学术团体名称中

例： ...the American Academy of Psychotherapists.

…美国心理治疗师学会。

45、receptionist /r s p n st/ n. 接待员；传达员(receptionists)

1、N-COUNT In an office or hospital, the receptionist is the person whose job is to answer the

telephone, arrange appointments, and deal with people when they first arrive. (办公室或医院) 接待员

2、N-COUNT In a hotel, the receptionist is the person whose job is to reserve rooms for people and answer their questions. (宾馆前台) 接待员

46、onion / nj n/ n. 洋葱；洋葱头(onions)

N-VAR An onion is a round vegetable with a light brown skin. It has many white layers on its inside which have a strong, sharp smell and taste. 洋葱

例： You grind the onion and the raw cranberries together.

你把洋葱和新鲜越橘一起磨碎。

47、kindergarten / k nd ɡɑ t n/ n. 幼儿园；幼稚园(kindergartens)

N-COUNT A kindergarten is a school or class for children aged 4 to 6 years old. It prepares them to go into the first grade. 幼儿园[also 'in/to/at' N]

例： She's in kindergarten now.

她现在在上幼儿园。

48、skateboard / ske t b d/ n. 溜冰板(skateboards)

N-COUNT A skateboard is a narrow board with wheels at each end, which people stand on and ride for pleasure. 滑板

49、fed up with 受够了；极厌恶；对……厌倦

50、yogurt / j ɡ t/ n. 酸奶酪，[食品] 酸乳（等于yoghurt）(yogurts)

N-VAR Yogurt is a food in the form of a thick, slightly sour liquid that is made by adding bacteria to milk. A yogurt is a small container of yogurt. 酸奶; 小包装酸奶

51、radioactive / re d ækt v/ adj. [核] 放射性的；有辐射的

1、ADJ Something that is radioactive contains a substance that produces energy in the form of powerful and harmful rays. 放射性的

例： The government has been storing radioactive waste at Fernald for 50 years.

该政府50年来一直在弗纳德储存放射性废物。

2、radioactivity N-UNCOUNT放射性

例： ...the storage and disposal of solid waste that is contaminated with low levels of radioactivity. …对受到低水平放射污染的固体废弃物的储存和处置。

52、radioactivity [,reidi uæk'tiv ti] n. 放射性；[核] 放射能力；[核] 放射现象

53、division /d v n/ n. 除法；部门；分割；师（军队）；[体]赛区(divisions)

1、N-UNCOUNT The division of a large unit into two or more distinct parts is the act of separating it into these parts. 分割; 分裂

例： ...the unification of Germany, after its division into two states at the end of World War Two.

…德国在二战结束时分裂成两个国家，之后又统一了。

2、N-UNCOUNT The division of something among people or things is its separation into parts which are distributed among the people or things. 分配

例： The current division of labour between workers and management will alter.

劳资双方目前的劳动分配将会改变。

3、N-UNCOUNT Division is the arithmetical process of dividing one number into another number. 除法

例： I taught my daughter how to do division at the age of six.

我女儿6岁时，我就教她怎样做除法。

4、N-VAR A division is a significant distinction or argument between two groups, which causes the two groups to be considered as very different and separate. 分歧; 不和

例： The division between the prosperous west and the impoverished east remains.

富裕的西部和贫穷的东部之间的对立依然存在。

5、N-COUNT In a large organization, a division is a group of departments whose work is done in the same place or is connected with similar tasks. 部门

例： ...the bank's Latin American division.

…该银行的拉丁美洲部。

6、N-COUNT A division is a group of military units which fight as a single unit. 师 (军队的作战单位) 例： Several armoured divisions are being moved from Germany.

几个装甲师正从德国调来。

7、N-COUNT In some sports, such as football, baseball, and basketball, a division is one of the

groups of teams which make up a league. The teams in each division are of the same level, and they all play against each other during the season. (球队的) 分级

例： Chico State reached the NCAA Division II national finals last season.

奇科加州大学上个赛季进入了全国大学体育协会乙级全国决赛。

54、BC abbr. 公元前（Before Christ）

You use BC in dates to indicate a number of years or centuries before the year in which Jesus Christ is believed to have been born. Compare . 公元前

例： The brooch dates back to the fourth century BC.

胸针可追溯至公元前4世纪。

55、melon / m l n/ n. 瓜；甜瓜；大肚子；圆鼓鼓像瓜似的东西(melons)

N-VAR A melon is a large fruit which is sweet and juicy inside and has a hard green or yellow skin. 甜瓜

例： ...some juicy slices of melon.

…几片多汁的甜瓜。

56、wrinkle / r k l/ n. 皱纹(wrinkling, wrinkled, wrinkles)

1、N-COUNT Wrinkles are lines that form on someone's face as they grow old. 皱纹

例： His face was covered with wrinkles.

他的脸布满了皱纹。

2、V-T/V-I When someone's skin wrinkles or when something wrinkles it, lines start to form in it because the skin is getting old or damaged. 使起皱纹; 起皱纹

例： The skin on her cheeks and around her eyes was beginning to wrinkle.

她脸颊上和眼睛周围的皮肤开始起皱纹了。

3、wrinkled ADJ有皱纹的

例： I did indeed look older and more wrinkled than ever.

我看起来确实比以前老了，皱纹也多了。

4、N-COUNT A wrinkle is a raised fold in a piece of cloth or paper that spoils its appearance. (布或纸上的) 皱褶

例： Ben brushed smooth a wrinkle in his trousers.

本把他裤子上的一个皱褶刷平了。

5、V-T/V-I If cloth wrinkles, or if someone or something wrinkles it, it gets folds or lines in it. 使起皱褶; 起皱褶

例： Her stockings wrinkled at the ankles.

她的长袜在脚踝处起皱褶了。

6、wrinkled ADJ起皱褶的

例： His suit was wrinkled and he looked very tired.

他的外套皱皱巴巴的，他看上去非常疲惫。

7、V-T/V-I When you wrinkle your nose or forehead, or when it wrinkles, you tighten the muscles in your face so that the skin folds. 皱起

例： Donna wrinkled her nose at her daughter.

多娜对她的女儿皱起鼻子。

8、Na clever or useful trick, hint, or dodge 妙计; 窍门[非正式]

57、pulse /p ls/ vi. 跳动，脉跳n. [电子] 脉冲；脉搏(pulsing, pulsed, pulses)

1、N-COUNT Your pulse is the regular beating of blood through your body, which you can feel when you touch particular parts of your body, especially your wrist. 脉搏

例： Mahoney's pulse was racing, and he felt confused.

马奥尼的脉搏跳得很快，他感到很慌乱。.

2、N-COUNT In music, a pulse is a regular beat, often produced by a drum. 节拍

例： ...the repetitive pulse of the music.

…乐曲的重复节拍。

3、N-COUNT A pulse of electrical current, light, or sound is a temporary increase in its level. 脉冲 例： The switch works by passing a pulse of current between the tip and the surface.

电源开关的工作原理是让电流脉冲穿过触点和触面之间。

4、N-SING If you refer to the pulse of a group in society, you mean the ideas, opinions, or feelings they have at a particular time. 意向

例： The White House insists that the president is in touch with the pulse of the black community. 白宫坚持说总统了解黑人社区的民意。

5、V-I If something pulses, it moves, appears, or makes a sound with a strong regular rhythm. 有节奏地跳动

例： His temples pulsed a little, threatening a headache.

他的太阳穴跳动得有点厉害，预示着要头痛了。.

6、N-PLURAL Some seeds that can be cooked and eaten are called pulses, for example, peas, beans, and lentils. 可食用的豆子[英国英语]

58、△vein /ve n/ n. 血管；叶脉；[地质] 岩脉；纹理；翅脉；性情(veins)

1、N-COUNT Your veins are the thin tubes in your body through which your blood flows toward your heart. Compare . 静脉

例： Many veins are found just under the skin.

许多静脉就在皮肤下面。.

2、N-COUNT Something that is written or spoken in a particular vein is written or spoken in that style or mood. 风格; 语气

例： It is one of his finest works in a lighter vein.

这是他使用了较为轻盈的风格的最佳作品之一。

3、N-COUNT A vein of a particular quality is evidence of that quality that someone often shows in their behaviour or work. 迹象

例： A rich vein of humour runs through the book.

幽默的痕迹遍布全书。

4、N-COUNT The veins on a leaf are the thin lines on it. 叶脉

例： ...the serrated edges and veins of the feathery leaves.

…这些羽状树叶的锯齿形边缘和叶脉。

59、applaud / pl d/ vt. 赞同；称赞；向…喝采vi. 喝彩；鼓掌欢迎(applauding, applauded, applauds)

1、 V-T/V-I When a group of people applaud, they clap their hands in order to show approval, for

example, when they have enjoyed a play or concert. 鼓掌

例： The audience laughed and applauded.

观众欢笑并且鼓掌。

2、V-T When an attitude or action is applauded, people praise it. 称赞

例： He should be applauded for his courage.

他应该因其勇气而受到称赞。

例： This last move can only be applauded.

这最后的举措不得不受到称赞。

60、look ahead 预测未来，计划未来

61、howl /ha l/ vi. 咆哮；怒吼；狂吠vt. 狂喊着说；对…吼叫(howling, howled, howls)

1、V-I If an animal such as a wolf or a dog howls, it makes a long, loud, crying sound. (狼、狗等动物) 嗥叫

例： Somewhere a dog suddenly howled, baying at the moon.

某个地方的一只狗突然嗥叫起来，对着月亮狂吠。

2、N-COUNT Howl is also a noun. 嗥叫

例： The dog let out a savage howl and, wheeling round, flew at him.

狗发出凶猛的嗥叫声，转过身向他猛扑过来。

3、V-I If a person howls, they make a long, loud cry expressing pain, anger, or unhappiness. (人因痛苦、愤怒、不愉快等) 嚎叫

例： He howled like a wounded animal as blood spurted from the gash.

当鲜血从伤口喷射出来时，他像受伤的动物一样嚎叫。

4、N-COUNT Howl is also a noun. 嚎叫

例： With a howl of rage, he grabbed the neck of a broken bottle and advanced.

他一声怒号，抓起一个破瓶子的瓶颈向前走去。

5、V-I When the wind howls, it blows hard and makes a loud noise. 呼啸

例： The wind howled all night, but I slept a little.

风整夜呼啸着，但我还是睡了一会儿。.

6、V-T If you howl something, you say it in a very loud voice. 高声嚷[非正式]

例： "Get away, get away, get away," he howled.

“滚开，滚开，滚开，”他高声嚷道。

7、V-I If you howl with laughter, you laugh very loudly. 放声大笑

例： Joe, Pink, and Booker howled with delight.

乔、平克和布克高兴地放声大笑。

8、N-COUNT Howl is also a noun. 大笑

例： His stories caused howls of laughter.

他的故事引起阵阵大笑。

62、accelerate /æk s l re t/ vt. 使……加快；使……增速vi. 加速；促进；增加(accelerating, accelerated, accelerates).

1、V-T/V-I If the process or rate of something accelerates or if something accelerates it, it gets faster and faster. 使加速; 加速

例： Growth will accelerate to 2.9 percent next year.

增长明年将加快到2.9%。

2、V-I When a moving vehicle accelerates, it goes faster and faster. 加速

例： Suddenly the car accelerated.

突然车加速了。

63、spear /sp / n. 矛，枪(spearing, speared, spears)

1、N-COUNT A spear is a weapon consisting of a long pole with a sharp metal point attached to the end. 矛.

2、Na shoot, slender stalk, or blade, as of grass, asparagus, or broccoli 嫩枝

3、V-T If you spear something, you push or throw a pointed object into it. 刺; 叉 (某物)

例： Spear a piece of fish with a carving fork and dip it in the batter.

用切肉叉叉起一片鱼并在面糊里蘸一下。

64、arrest / r st/ vt. 逮捕；阻止；吸引n. 逮捕；监禁(arresting, arrested, arrests)

1、V-T If the police arrest you, they take charge of you and take you to a police station, because they believe you may have committed a crime. 逮捕

例： Police arrested five young men in connection with one of the attacks.

警方逮捕了与其中一起袭击事件有关的5名年轻男子。

2、N-VAR Arrest is also a noun. 逮捕

例： ...a substantial reward for information leading to the arrest of the bombers.

…用于奖励为抓捕爆炸犯提供有效信息的一大笔赏金。

例： Police chased the fleeing terrorists and later made two arrests.

警方追赶逃窜的恐怖分子，后来逮捕了两个人。

3、V-T If something or someone arrests a process, they stop it from continuing. 抑制[正式] 例： The sufferer may have to make major changes in his or her life to arrest the disease.

患者可能得对自身生活作大的调整以抑制病情。

65、dizzy / d z / adj. 晕眩的；使人头晕的；昏乱的；心不在焉的；愚蠢的(dizzier, dizziest)

1、ADJ If you feel dizzy, you feel that you are losing your balance and are about to fall. 眩晕的 例： Her head still hurt, and she felt slightly dizzy and disoriented.

她的头还在痛，感觉有些眩晕，分不清方向。

2、dizziness N-UNCOUNT眩晕

例： His head injury causes dizziness and nausea.

他头部受伤引起眩晕和呕吐。

3、ADJ You can use dizzy to describe a woman who is careless and forgets things, but is easy to like. (女人) 没头脑但招人喜爱的

例： She is famed for playing dizzy blondes.

她以扮演没头脑但招人喜爱的金发美女而闻名。

4、PHRASE If you say that someone has reached the dizzy heights of something, you are emphasizing that they have reached a very high level by achieving it. 显赫的地位[幽默]

例： I escalated to the dizzy heights of director's secretary.

我逐渐升到了主任秘书这样的职位。

66、△eyebrow / a bra / n. 眉毛(eyebrows)

1、N-COUNT Your eyebrows are the lines of hair that grow above your eyes. 眉

2、PHRASE If something causes you to raise an eyebrow or to raise your eyebrows, it causes you to feel surprised or disapproving. 扬起眉毛 (表示惊讶、不赞成)

例： An intriguing item on the news pages caused me to raise an eyebrow over my morning coffee. 喝早咖啡时，新闻页面上的一条趣闻让我惊讶。

例： He raised his eyebrows over some of the suggestions.

他不赞成其中的一些建议。

67、△cheekbone / t i k b n/ n. 颧骨；颊骨(cheekbones)

N-COUNT Your cheekbones are the two bones in your face just below your eyes. 颧骨

例： She was very beautiful, with high cheekbones.

她很美，颧骨高高的。

68、△arrowhead / ær h d/ n. 箭头；箭头状物；慈菇(arrowheads)

N-COUNT An arrowhead is the sharp, pointed part of an arrow. 箭头

69、△axe /æks/ n. 斧(axing, axed, axes)

1、N-COUNT An axe is a tool used for cutting wood. It consists of a heavy metal blade that is sharp at one edge and attached by its other edge to the end of a long handle. 斧子.

2、V-T If someone's job or something such as a public service or a television programme is axed, it is ended suddenly and without discussion. 被砍掉[usu passive]

例： Community projects are being axed by hard-pressed social services departments.

社区项目正遭到受困社会服务部门的削减。

70、hammer / hæm / n. 铁锤；链球；[解剖] 锤骨；音锤(hammering, hammered, hammers)

1、N-COUNT A hammer is a tool that consists of a heavy piece of metal at the end of a handle. It is used, for example, to hit nails into a piece of wood or a wall, or to break things into pieces. 锤子 例： He used a hammer and chisel to chip away at the wall.

他用锤子和凿子将墙壁一点点凿掉。.

2、V-T If you hammer an object such as a nail, you hit it with a hammer. 用锤击

例： To avoid damaging the tree, hammer a wooden peg into the hole.

为了避免毁坏这棵树，把一只木钉敲进那个洞里。.

3、V-I If you hammer on a surface, you hit it several times in order to make a noise, or to emphasize something you are saying when you are angry. 砰砰敲击

例： We had to hammer and shout before they would open up.

我们不得不砰砰敲打并大喊大叫，他们才会开门。

例： A crowd of reporters was hammering on the door.

一群记者在砰砰敲那扇门。

4、V-T/V-I If you hammer something such as an idea into people or you hammer at it, you keep repeating it forcefully so that it will have an effect on people. 把…灌输给…

例： He hammered it into me that I had not suddenly become a rotten goalkeeper.

他反复向我灌输，我并没有突然变成一个糟糕的守门员。

5、V-T If you say that someone hammers another person, you mean that they attack, criticize, or punish the other person severely. 猛烈攻击; 严厉批评; 严厉惩罚

例： Democrats insisted they will continue to hammer Bush on his tax plan.

民主党人坚称，他们将继续抨击布什的税收计划。

6、V-T In sports, if you say that one player or team hammered another, you mean that the first player or team defeated the second completely and easily. (在体育比赛中) 轻松击溃

例： He hammered the young left-hander in three straight sets.

他连胜3局，轻松击溃了这位年轻的左撇子选手。

7、N-COUNT In track and field, a hammer is a heavy weight on a piece of wire, which the athlete throws as far as possible. 链球

8、N-SING The hammer also refers to the sport of throwing the hammer. 链球运动

例： Events like the hammer and the discus are not traditional crowd-pleasers in the West. 链球和铁饼之类的运动项目在西方通常不是很吸引观众。

9、PHRASE If you say that someone was going at something hammer and tongs, you mean that they were doing it with great enthusiasm or energy. 劲头十足地

例： He loved gardening. He went at it hammer and tongs as soon as he got back from work. 他喜爱园艺，下班一回到家，就劲头十足地干起来。

71、gay /ɡe / adj. 快乐的；放荡的；艳丽的(gays)

1、ADJ A gay person is homosexual. 同性恋的

例： The quality of life for gay men has improved over the last two decades.

男同性恋者的生活质量过去20年有了改善。.

2、N-PLURAL Gays are homosexual people, especially homosexual men. (尤指男性) 同性恋者 例： More importantly, gays have proved themselves to be style leaders.

更重要的是，同性恋们证实了他们是时尚的引导者。

3、gayness N-UNCOUNT同性恋

例： ...Mike's admission of his gayness.

…迈克承认自己是同性恋。

72、gaily / ɡe l / adv. 华丽地；欢乐地

1、ADV If you do something gaily, you do it in a lively, happy way. 快乐地[ADV with v]

例： Magda laughed gaily.

玛格达快乐地笑了。

2、ADV Something that is gaily coloured or gaily decorated is coloured or decorated in a bright, pretty way. 亮丽地[ADV -ed]

例： He put on a gaily coloured shirt.

他穿上了一件色彩亮丽的衬衫。

例： ...gaily painted front doors.

…漆得亮丽的前门。

73、skilful / sk lf l/ adj. （英）熟练的；灵巧的；技术好的（等于skillful）

1、ADJ Someone who is skilful at something does it very well. 熟练的

例： He actually is quite a skilful campaigner.

他实际上是个老练的活动家。

2、skilfully ADV熟练地[ADV with v]

例： The city's rulers skilfully played both powers off against each other.

这座城市的统治者巧妙地挑起两派势力之间的争斗。

74、date back 追溯到；回溯至(dating, dated, dates)

PHRASAL VERB If something dates back to a particular time, it started or was made at that time. 追溯

例： The issue is not a new one. It dates back to the 1930s at least.

这杂志不是新的，它至少可以追溯到20世纪30年代。

75、punctuation/ p ktj e n/ n. 标点；标点符号

1、N-UNCOUNT Punctuation is the use of symbols such as periods, commas, or question marks to divide written words into sentences and clauses. 标点符号的使用

例： He was known for his poor grammar and punctuation.

他以很差的语法和标点符号使用而出名。

2、N-UNCOUNT Punctuation is the symbols that you use to divide written words into sentences and clauses. 标点符号

例： Jessica had rapidly scanned the lines, none of which boasted a capital letter or any punctuation. 杰西卡已经迅速浏览了那几行，其中既无大写字母也无任何标点符号。

76、△worship / w p/ vi. 拜神；做礼拜vt. 崇拜；尊敬；爱慕n. 崇拜；礼拜；尊敬(worshipping, worshipped, worships)

1、 V-T/V-I If you worship a god, you show your respect to the god, for example, by saying prayers.

敬奉

例： ..disputes over ways of life and ways of worshipping God.

…一些在生活方式和敬奉上帝方式上的争论。

例： He prefers to worship in his own home.

他更喜欢在自己的家里敬奉神明。

2、N-UNCOUNT Worship is also a noun. 敬奉

例： ...the worship of the ancient Roman gods.

…对古罗马众神的敬奉。

3、worshipper N-COUNT敬神者

例： She burst into tears and loud sobs that disturbed the other worshippers.

她突然哭起来，大声抽噎，干扰了其他拜神者。

4、V-T If you worship someone or something, you love them or admire them very much. 爱慕 例： She had worshipped him for years.

她爱慕他已有好多年了。

77、△craftsmanship / krɑ ftsm n p/ n. 技术；技艺

N-UNCOUNT Craftsmanship is the skill that someone uses when they make beautiful things with their hands. 手艺

例： It is easy to appreciate the craftsmanship of Armani.

很容易鉴赏出阿玛尼的手艺。

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