科技英语翻译 赵玉闪 3567章习题与答案

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1. The thickness of a tooth measured along the pitch circle is one half the circular pitch.

沿节圆所测得的齿厚是周节的一半。

2. The earthquake measured 6.5 on the Richter scale.

这次地震的震级为6.5力士震级。

3. We must reflect what measures to take in case of any accidental collapse of a bed .

我们必须考虑一下如果层床意外崩塌应该采取什么措施。

4. In the transistor the output current depends upon the input current ,hence it is a

current-operated device.

在晶体管中，输出电流取决于输入电流，因此，晶体管是电流控制器件。

5. The relay is operated by a current of several milliamperes.

继电器由数毫安电流起动。

6. The hearing aids are operated from batteries.

助听器用电池供电

7. Either of two reactions may be in effect in the reduction of iron oxide with carbon.

在用碳还原氧化铁时，两种反应中的每一种都可能发生

8. Alloys belong to a half-way house between mixtures and compounds.

合金是介于混合物和化合物的中间结构

9. The spindle rotates simultaneously round two axes at right angles to each other.

钉子同时绕两个相互垂直的轴旋转

10. An electron is an extremely small corpuscle with negative charge which rounds about the

nucleus of an atom.

电子是绕原子核转动且带有负电荷的微粒

11. The rudder serves the purpose of yawing the airplane to the right or left.

方向舵的用途是使飞机能够左右偏航

12. Each of these compounds boils at a different temperature.

这几种化合物的沸点各不相同

13. After more experiments ,Galileo succeeded in making a much better telescope.

经过一些实验后，伽利略成功的造出了一架好的多的望远镜

14. During the weo and half hour talk, the two sides exchanged views on the choice of terms of

payment, but they made no mention of the mode of transportation.

在两个半小时的商谈中，双方就付款方式交换了意见，但却没有提到运输方式

15. The application of electronic computers makes for a tremendous rise in labor productivity.

使用电子计算机可以大大提高劳动生产率

16. The maiden voyage of the newly-built steamship was a success.

那艘新建轮船的首航是成功的

17. About 20 kilometers thick , this giant umbrella is made up of a layer of ozone gas .

地球的这一巨型保护伞由一层臭氧组成，其厚度约为20公里。

18. We have made a careful study of the properties of these chemical elements.

我们仔细的研究了这些化学元素的特性。

19. Gases and liquid are perfectly plastic.

气体和液体具有很好的弹性

20. That radio factory impressed me deeply.

那个无线电厂给了我很深的印象

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21. All of the austenitic stainless steels resist hydrogen damage .

所有的奥氏体不锈钢都具有抗氢腐蚀性能

22. If the N pole of one magnet is held toward the N pole of another, the magnets will push away

from each other .

把一个磁石的北极对着另一个磁石的北极，这两个磁石就会相互排斥

23. Simple in principle,the experiment led to a scientific revolution with far-reaching

consequences.

这个实验虽然原理简单，却导致了一场影响深远的科学革命

24. A list of all the ways that diesel power is used would take pages .

一份列举柴油机所有用途的清单可能要好几页

25. The concentration of carbon dioxide in the air being only 0.03 per cent , carbon is amassed

into the compass of the plant from a large volume of air.\

因为空气中二氧化碳的浓度只有万分之三，所以聚集在植物内部的碳是从周围极大体积的空气中得来的

26. Ice and water consist of the same substance in different forms .

冰和水由相同的物质组成，但形态不同

27. Were here no gravity, there would be no air around the earth.

假如没有重力，地球周围就不会有空气

28. A scientist constantly tried to defeat his hypotheses , his theories ,and his conclusion.

科学家经常设法否定自己的假设，推翻自己的理论，并放弃自己的结论。

29. Solids transmit sound verywell.

固体传声效果很好

30. This typewriter is indeed heap and fine .

这部打字机真是物美价廉

31. James Watt invented the steam engine .

詹姆斯瓦特发明了蒸汽机

32. I can finish the work so long as you give me time .

你给我时间，我能完成这项工作

33. If you don’t bring the map ,you’ll get lost.

不带地图是会迷路的

34. We should gradually eliminate the differences between town and country.

我们应当逐步消灭城乡差别

35. Applicants who have worker at a job will receive preference over those who have not.

求职者中，有工作经验者将优先录用

36. He put his hands into his pockets and then shrugged his shoulders.

他双手插进口袋，然后耸了耸肩

37. Visible light covers a wave length range of about 0.38 to 0.78Mm.

可见光的波长范围为0.38~0.78Mm

38. When the masses are of one heart , everything becomes easy.

群众齐心了，一切事情都好办

39. It is not so easy to get iron from its ore .

从铁矿石中提炼铁不是那么容易的

40. It’s no use quarrelling now .

现在争论时没用的

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41. It is the U.S that is distorting and perverting the “Geneva spirit”

正是美国在歪曲颠倒“日内瓦精神”

42. We eat to live .but not live to eat .

为生存而吃饭，而不应为吃饭而生存

43. The industrial waste gases are harmful to us and we should by all means remove them .

工业废气对我们是有害的，应尽力排除

44. One must make painstaking efforts before one could succeed in mastering a foreign

language .

要掌握好一门外语，非下苦功不可

45. A wise man will not make such a mistake .

聪明的人不会犯这样的错误

46. The earth goes around the sun .

地球围绕太阳转

47. The population of Guangdong Province is even larger than that of the U.K.

广东省的人口比英国多

48. If you know the frequency , you can find the wavelength .

如果知道频率，就能求出波长

49. The jammer covers an operating frequency range from 20-500MHz.

干扰机的工作频段为20~500MHz

50. Aluminum alloys can be divided into two classes :heat-treatable and non-heat treatable

alloys.

铝合金可分为两类：可热处理铝合金和不可热处理铝合金

51. All the metals are good conductors because there is a great number of free electrons in

them.

一切金属都是良导体，因为金属里有大量的电子

52. Electrical inventors who followed Edison did not have to experiment with the substances

which he had found would not work.

爱迪生之后的电器发明家们无需再对爱迪生发明的不管用的材料进行试验了

53. Basically, there are two directions of applied loads on the filldt welds: parallel to the weld

length and transverse to the weld length.

角焊缝所受外载基本上按两个方向作用：一个与焊缝平行，另一个与焊缝垂直

54. Trusses may be classified as simple ,compound, or complex.

桁架可分为简单桁架、复合桁架和复杂桁架

55. Work does not include time , but power does .

功不包括时间，但功率包括时间

56. We had meant to the laboratory ,but we forgot to .

我们本想去实验室，但忘去了

57. We have to analyze and solve problems .

我们必须分析问题，解决问题

58. Marketing economy itself the product of long course of development ,of a series of

revolutions in the modes of production and of exchange .

市场经济本身是一个长期发展过程的产物，是生产方式和交换方式一些列变革的产物

59. Among the four pictures ,two appear to be real ,others false .

在这四幅画中，有两幅看起来是真的，另外两幅看起来是赝品

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60. Actually, it isn’t ,because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights ,which is

something the world does not have .\

事实并非如此，因为这种问法是以人们对人的权利有共识为基础的，而这种共同认识并不存在。

61. The people of China have always been courageous enough to probe into things, to make

inventions and to make revolution .

中国人民历来是勇于探索、勇于创新、勇于革命的

62. Our policy must be made known not only to the leaders and to the cadres but also to the

broad masses.

我们的政策，不光要使领导者知道，干部知道，还要使广大群众知道

63. Happy families also had their own troubles

幸福的家庭也有幸福家庭的苦恼

64. He was proficient both as a flyer and as a navigator .

他既精于飞行，又善于导航

65. We must actively introduce new techniques ,equipment , technologies and material .

我们必须积极采用新技术、新设备、新工艺、新材料

66. I had experienced oxygen and /or engine trouble .

我曾碰到过，不是氧气设备除了故障，就是引擎出故障，或者两者都出了故障

67. Under ordinary conditions of pressure ,water becomes ice at 0℃ and steam at 100 ℃.

在常压下，水在零摄氏度时结冰，在一百摄氏度时变成蒸汽

68. What we want ,first and foremost ,is to learn ,to learn and learn .

我们首先需要的是：学习、学习、再学习

69. Courage in excess becomes foolhardiness ,affection weakness , thrift avarice .

勇之过度则为蛮，爱之过度则为宠，俭之过度则为贪

70. We should discard the idea that scientific inquiry will ever be complete .

我们必须明白科学是永无止境的

71. Ice is not as dense as water and it therefore floats.

冰的密度比水小，因此能浮在水面上

72. Metals do not melt until heated to definite temperature .

金属要加热到一定程度才能融化

73. Until recently geneticists were not interested in particular genes .

基因学家们今年来才开始对特定基因感兴趣

74. We cannot be too careful in doing experiment .

我们做实验时要尽可能小心

75. Discovering that end product differs significantly from the prototype that was tested is not

unusual.

终端产品与实验产品有明显的差别，这种情况是常见的

76. The average speed of all molecules remains the same so long as the temperature is constant.

只要温度不变，各种分子的平均速度也就不变

77. The influence of temperature on the conductivity of metals is slight .

温度对金属的导电性影响不大

78. The common non-metals tend to be less strong than metals .

一般的非金属材料比金属材料强度差

79. The absence of air also explains why the stars do not seem to twinkle in space ,as they do

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from the earth .

正因为没有空气，所以星星在太空中不能像地球上看它们时那样闪闪发亮

80. Eclipses can not be often seen in every part of the world .

日蚀和月蚀在世界各地并不是常常都能看到

81. There exist neither perfect insulations nor perfect conductors .

既没有绝对的绝缘体，也没有绝对的导体

82. In contradiction to solids ,gases never have a definite volume .

与固体不同，气体从来没有固定的体积

83. Theabsolute zero of temperature can never be reached.

温度的绝对零度是永远不会达到的

84. IBM will probably never be able to regain its position as the undisputed colossus of the

computer industry .

IBM可能永远不能恢复它在计算机工业中无可争辩的巨人地位

85. Horsepower has nothing to do with the horse .

马力和马毫不相干

86. Hardened steel and brittle materials such as glass and ceramics are not normally amenable

to diamond turning .

一般情况下，淬硬钢材及玻璃和陶瓷等脆性材料，通常不宜使用金刚石切削

87. In contradiction to solids ,gases never have a definite volume .

与固体不同，气体从来没有固定体积

88. Not everybody is convinced the Leaning Tower of Pisa really can be saved .

并未每一个人都相信比萨斜塔真的能免于坍塌

89. Not many of the things are of use in form in which they are found .

不是所有的东西在刚被发现时都有用。

1. A material which has the property of elasticity will return to its original size and shape when

the forces producing strain are removed.

如果把产生应变的力去掉，具有弹性的材料就会恢复到它原来的体积和形状

2. Being cooled in the air ,this kind of steel becomes harder and harder.

在空气中冷却后，这种钢就变得越来越硬

3. Having been well insulated ,the wire may be used as a conductor .

将金属线很好的绝缘以后，就可以用作导线

4. Copper has less resistance than aluminum for the same size wire ,but aluminum ,being much

lighter in weight ,has less resistance per unit of weight .

对于同样粗细的电线来说，铜比铝的电阻小，但由于铝的重量很轻，所以它单位重量的电阻较小

5. The expanding gas rotates the blades of the turbine , thus giving up a large part of the

power ,which drives the compressor .

热的膨胀着的气体转动涡轮的叶片，因而放出了大部分的动力，驱动了压缩机

6. Some alloying elements make the grain of steel finer ,thus increasing the hardness and

strength of steel .

某些合金元素可精华钢的晶体度，从而提高了钢的硬度和强度

7. The photon ,not having a material mass ,maybe considered as having radiationmass.

光子虽然没有物质质量，但可以认为它具有辐射质量

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8. Pure iron is a silver-white metal ,melting at 1535℃.

纯铁是银白色的金属，在1535℃融化

9. Molecules vary considerable in size and weight ,ranging from the tiniest macromolecules to

the largest macromolecules.

各种分子的大小和重量都有很大差别，包括从最小的微分子到最大的宏观分子

10. Judging by its conductivity , the metal may be aluminum .

按其导电性来看，这种金属可能是铝

11. A valence electron can move away from its atom ,leaving it a hole .

价电子能够脱离其原子，给原子留下一个空缺

12. An object at rest has no kinetic energy ,its velocity being zero .

静止的物体不具有动能，因为它的速度为零

13. An electric current decomposes water into hydrogen and oxygen ,hydrogen being liberated at

the cathode .

电流把水分解为氢和氧，氢气从阴极释放出来

14. We can store electrical energy in two metal plates separated by an insulating medium .

电能可能储存在由一绝缘介质隔开的两块金属极板内

15. A ferrous metal is one chiefly made of iron .

黑色金属是一种主要由铁构成的金属

16. With the last-mentioned approach ,water as supplied under the existing head is passed

through an ejector whose diffuser creates a vacuum.

就最后提到的方案而言，现有水头提供的水通过射流泵在其扩散管处形成真空

17. Given the voltage and the current ,the resistance can be determined according to Ohm’s.

已知电压和电流，根据欧姆定律就可求出电阻

18. The volume of a given weight of gas varies directly as the absolute temperature ,provided the

pressure does not change.

如果压力不变，一定量的气体的体积就与绝对温度成正比

19. The electronic microscope possesses very high resolving power compared with the optical

microscope .

与光学显微镜相比，电子显微镜具有极高的分辨率

20. The energy in coal and oil came from the sun ,stored there by the plants of millions of years

ago .

煤和石油里的能量来自太阳，是由数百万年前的植物储存起来的

21. This atom ,with 92 electrons spinning about the closely packed and complex nucleus , is the

element uranium , which seems to be the most complicated of the natural atoms .

有92个电子围着又密集又复杂的原子核旋转的原子，就是元素铀。它似乎是天然原子钟最复杂的原子了

22. Hysteresis energy is a useful basis for the establishment of failure criteria in fatigue.

在建立疲劳破坏准则时，迟滞能量是一个有用的依据

23. For about the last 200 years ,the structural theory has been developed by scientists ,

mathematicians and engineers , with the very practical object of providing a reliable basis for the design of structures by calculation.

近200年来，科学家、数学家和工程师们发展了结构理论，其目的在于通过计算给结构物的设计工作提供可靠的基础

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24. With the base grounded , transistor Q4 is a very high impedance .

当基极接地时，晶体管Q4便成为一个非常高的阻抗

25. As an alternative to impedance functions ,one can use a friction factor lookup table that

relates the impedance between zones to the attractiveness between zones.

作为阻抗函数的另一种选择，可以采用摩擦系数查询表来描述小区之间的阻抗

26. Some features of the nucleon structure emerge from these relations.

折现关系式展现了核子结构的某些特征

27. It is necessary to prevent induction motors against overload and under voltage.

必须保护感应电动机，防止过载和欠压

28. The porous wall acts as a kind of seine for separating molecules .

多孔壁的作用就像一把筛子，它把不同质量的分子分开

29. To transmit electromagnetic waves takes energy .

传送电磁波需要能量

30. To ensure that the reaction progresses reasonably fast involves the closest contact between

the small account of liquid phase and the much larger bulk of solid phase.

为了保证反应进行的相当快，要求在少量液相和多得多的固相之间有最密切的接触

31. It is rather difficult to define this quantity precisely.

对这个量要精确的下定义是相当困难的

32. It is essential to earth the rotor shaft by an additional earthed brush .

必须通过一个附加的接地碳刷把转子大轴接地

33. When oxygen is blown into molten pig iron ,silicon begins to oxidize first .

当往熔融生铁中吹入氧气时，硅首先开始碳化

34. The use of parallel circuits makes it possible to switch any light of appliance on or off without

affecting other circuits .

用并联电路使我们有可能开关任何电灯或电器而不影响别的电路

35. Insulation is to keep electrical conductors separated from each other and from other nearby

objects .

绝缘体使导线相互隔离并且不接触到其他物体

36. The natural tendency of heat to flow from a higher to lower temperature makes it possible

for a heat engine to transform heat into work .

热从高温流向低温的这一自燃趋势使得热力机可以把热变为功

37. To allow out silicon crystal to conduct electricity ,we must find a way to allow some electrons

to move from place to place within the crystal ,in spite of the covalent bonds between atoms. 为了让硅晶体导电，我们必须寻找一种方法让一些电子在晶体内移动，尽管原子之间有共价键

38. The capacity of individual generators is larger and larger to satisfy the increasing demand of

electricpower .

单台发电机的容量越来越大，目的就是满足不断增长的用电需求

39. Though only 107 elements have been discovered , they combine in enough different ways to

make the millions and millions of different things in the world.

虽然只发现了107种元素，但这些元素以不同的方式化合在一起就会形成世界上无数的千差万别的东西

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40. In communications ,the problem of electronics is how to convey information from one place

to another.

在通讯系统中，电子学要解决的问题是如何把信息从一个地方传递到另一个地方

41. Short circuits would cause very strong currents to flow .

短路会使得很大的电流流过

42. Power makes machines run .

动力使机器运转

43. Friction compels a body in motion to stop .

摩擦迫使运动物体停止

44. It was not until the 19thcentury , when magnetism was shown to be the product of

electricity ,that serious research into the nature of permanent magnetism began .

直到19世纪证明了磁是电产生的时候，人们才开始对永久磁性的本质做认真研究

45. Insulators are used to confine a current to the desired path .

绝缘体用来把电流限制在所要求的路线中

46. A minimum electric power system is shown in Fig.1, a combination of an energy source , a

prime mover ,a generator and a load .

最小的电力系统如图1所示，它由能源、原动机、发电机和负载构成

47. The fact that electric currents passing through a wire produce heat is known to all .

电流通过导线时产生热这一事实是众所周知的

48. But electricity energy travels with the speed of light ,about 186000 miles in a second .

但是电能以光速————大约每秒186000英里传播

49. The creation of synthetic protein from petroleum to make food comes first on the list of

current oil company research projects in comecountries .

从石油中提取合成蛋白以制作人造食品已被列为某些国家石油公司的当前首要科研项目

50. The primary concern of electrical engineering is the doing of work by the delivery of energy .

电工学主要关注的是通过输送能量做功的情况

51. In the installations it is possible to increase Reynolds numbers by 3~9 times without further

increase of the velocity head and drive power .

在这类设备上，有可能将雷诺数提高3~9倍，而不用进一步提高速位差与驱动功率

52. Magnets have characteristics similar to electric charges in that like magnetic Doles repel each

other and unlike magnetic Doles attract each other .

磁铁具有与电荷相似的特性：同磁极相斥，异磁极相吸

53. Without forces sufficient to overcome the resistance , bodies at rest will never move .

没有足以克服阻力的力，静止的物体绝不会运动

54. It was postulated in the early days of the subject that electricity was a fluid or rather two

fluids ,present in equal quantities inside matter and that charging a body consisted of adding an excess of positive of negative fluid to it .

在这门学科的发展早期曾经假设过：电流是一种流体，或确切的说是两股流体，这两股流体等量的存在于物体中，同时还假设，给物体充电就是给该物体加过量的正电流或负电流

55. The work piece will pass through a series of rollers ,each a little closer to the next one .

工件将通过一系列扎轮，扎轮的间隔依次缩小

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56. The ultrasonic metal inspection is the application of ultrasonic vibrations to materials with

elastic properties and the observation of the resulting action of the vibrations in the materials .

金属超声波探测，就是把超声振动施于弹性金属材料，并观察振动在材料中产生的作用

57. The rated current must be considered by dividing into pulse current (peak current ) and

continuous current which depend on the breakdown mode .

额定电流被认为是由击穿模式决定的脉冲电流（峰值电流）和连续电流组成

58. They will in general be divided in to a reflected train and transmitted train whose relative

intensities will depend on the magnitude of the velocity changed at the boundary ,on the abruptness of this change ,and on the angle of incidence .

它们一般会被分成反射波列和透射波列，这两者的相对强度取决于界面上速度变化的大小，变化的缓急以及入射角的大小

59. Surface wear can be caused by either thermal stress of fatigue in the sliding faces .

表面磨损或者是由滑动面的热应力引起，或者是由滑动面的疲劳损坏造成的

60. It has been shown that water in the fluid can affect both the fluid integrity and the

operational behavior of the system components .

业已证明，液体中的水即会影响液体的完全性又会影响系统元件的工作特性

1. A step-down transformer can reduce voltage to whatever is desired .

降压变压器能把电压降低到所需要的任何数值

2. Attention is necessary to prevent the electronic instrument from damage .

必须注意，以防电子仪器损坏

3. This paper aims at discussing the application of nuclear energy .

本文的目的是讨论核能的应用

4. The increase in pressure with depth makes it difficult for man to go very deep far below the

water surface .

压力随着深度而增加，这使得人类进入深水很困难

5. Some operating conditions could produce elevated casing temperature presenting a fire

hazard .

某些工作条件可能会使机壳的温度过高，从而引起火灾

6. With the brain at work , all the parts of the body work most smoothly .

只有大脑处于工作状态，人体的各个部分才能正常工作

7. Atoms are too small to be seen even with a powerful microscope .

原子太小了，即使用高倍显微镜也看不到

8. We find almost all physical properties of matter influenced by heat .

我们发现，几乎物质所有的物理属性都受热的影响

9. The study found a direct link between the amount of fish in the diet and the rate of death

from heart disease .

这项研究发现，鱼在饮食中所占的比重与心脏病的死亡率有着直接的关系

10. This phenomenon accounts for a lower density of ice than that of water .

这一现象表明，冰的密度比水小

11. We could use two resistors in series , or we could increase the value of the present single

resistor .

我们可以用两个串联的电阻，或者我们可增加现有的一个电阻的阻值

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12. An alternating current has not a constant direction , and it has no constant magnitude.

交流电没有固定的方向，并且大小也再变化

13. The turns of line must be insulated from each other and from the iron ,or the current will

flow through shout-circuits instead of flowing around the coil .

线圈的各线闸之间以及与铁心之间均应该绝缘，否则将产生短路而不能形成流经线圈的电流

14. Positive frequencies are produced by anticlockwise rotation and negative frequencies by

clockwise rotation .

逆时针旋转的频率为正，顺时针旋转的频率为负

15. Look at crystals of table-salt under a magnifying glass and you will see that each crystal is a

cube with 6 faces .

假如将食盐放在放大镜下观察，你就会发现每一粒食盐都是一个有六个面的立方体

16. There exist neither perfect insulators nor perfect conductors , for all substance offer

opposition to the flow of electric current .

没有绝对的绝缘体也没有绝对的导体，因为一切物体对电流都有阻力

17. The material first used was copper for it is easily obtained in its pure state .

最先使用的材料是铜，因为铜易于提取

18. The average kinetic energy of the molecules is increased and the temperature is raised .

分子的品均动能增加了，因而温度也升高了

19. The number of protons is equal to that of electrons and the whole atom is electrically

neutral .

质子数与电子数相等，因而整个原子呈电中性

20. Displacement is a vector and time is a scalar .

位移是一种矢量，而时间是一种标量

21. The longer the conductor is , the greater the resistance is .

导体越长，电阻越大

22. All losses of energy in heat engines , great as they are ,do not in any way contradict the law

of conservation of energy .

热机中的能量损失尽管很大，但是与能量守恒定律丝毫不矛盾

23. The sort of lubricant which we use depends largely on the running speed of the bearing .

使用哪种润滑剂主要依据轴承的转速而定

24. Nuclear weapons ,which are after all created by man ,certainly will be eliminated by man .

核武器毕竟是人类制造的，一定会被人类所销毁

25. Electricity which is passed through the thin tungsten wire inside the bulb makes the wire very

hot .

当电通过灯泡里的细钨丝时，会使钨丝达到很高的温度

26. Such atoms are so constructed that they lose electrons easily .、

某些原子由于结构上的原因容易失去电子

27. Though the cost of the venture would be immense ,both in labour and power ,many believe

that iceberg towing would prove less costly in the long run than the alternative of desalination of sea water .

这种冒险的代价，不管是在人力还是在能源消耗方面，都是巨大的。然而许多人认为，冰山牵引最终会证明比选择海水脱盐法花费要少

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28. It also plays an important role in making the earth more habitable , as warm ocean currents

bring milder temperatures to places that would otherwise be quite cold .

由于温暖的洋流能把温暖的气候带给那些本来十分寒冷的地区并使之变暖，因此，海洋在使我们这个地球更适合人类居住方面也扮演这一个重要的角色

29. The subject was discussed because of a general belief that very little feedback had been

provided from the 1976 High Reynolds Number Research Workshop .

之所以讨论这个题目，是因为人们普遍认为，1976年高雷诺数研究专题研讨会落实的东西太少了

30. The hydrogen produced by electrolysis is nearly pure ,though rather more expensive than

that obtained by the thermal cracking process .

用电解法生产的氢气几乎是完全纯的，虽然比热烈发生产的要昂贵一些

31. Because energy can be change from one form one form into another ,electricity can be

change into heat energy ,mechanical energy ,light energy ,etc.

能量能从一种形式转换为另一种形式，所以电可以转变为热能、机械能、光能等等

32. Electric charges work when they move .

当电荷运动时，就做功

33. As the sphere becomes larger , the waves become weaker .

随着范围的扩大，电波变的愈弱

34. The side of Mercury which is turned away from the sun remains in eternal darkness , with a

temperature only a few degrees above absolute zero .

水星背着太阳的一面终年黑暗，那里的温度只比绝对零度高几度

35. An “alloy” steel is one which , in addition to the contents of carbon , sulphur and

phosphorus ,contains more than 1 percent of manganese ,or more than 0.3 percent of silicon ,or some other elements in amounts not encountered in carbon steels .

如果一种钢不仅含有碳、硫、磷，还有1%以上的锰或0.3%以上的硅或一些碳素钢中不包含的其他元素，那么这种钢便是“合金钢”

36. The control system may include a man stationed in the power plant who watches a set of

meters on the generator output terminals and makes necessary adjustments manually .

控制系统可能包括一位派守在电厂的值班员，该值班员观察发电机输出终端的一整套仪表，并做一些必要的手动调整工作

37. The arteries and veins do not allow anything to pass through their walls, but the capillaries ,

which are the smallest blood vessels , allow water and other small molecules to pass into the tissues .

大动脉和静脉不允许任何东西通过，然而最小的血管毛细血管，则可以让水分和其他微分子通过并进入组织

38. When wind blow particles against a large rock for a long time ,the softer layers of the rock

are slowly worn away .

由于风把砂粒刮起来，碰撞大岩石，久而久之，较松软的岩石层就被慢慢的磨损

39. From an economic point of view , integrated circuits mean much lower costs through the use

of automated mass production methods .

从经济观点看，集成电路的成本之所以大大降低，是因为采用了自动化批量生产的方法

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40. An infrared system could be useable in both anti-air and anti-ship engagements but its

inherent disadvantages related to some dependence on optical visibility and to sensibility to interference from natural or man-made sources make it less attractive in the surface than in the air role .

红外系统既可以用于对空作战，也可用于对舰作战，但是它由两个固有的缺点：一是对光学能见度有一定的依赖性，二是易受天然或人工干扰源的干扰，因此，该系统对空作用较之对舰作用更为诱人

41. From what is stated above , it is learned that the sun’s heat can pass through the empty

space between the sun and the atmosphere that surrounds the earth ,and that most of the heat is dispersed through the atmosphere and lost , which is really what happens in the practical case ,but to what extent it is lost has not been found out .

由上述可知，太阳的热量可以穿过太阳与地球大气之间的真空，而大多热量在通过大气层时都扩散和消耗了，实际发生的情况正是如此，但是热量的损失究竟达到什么程度，目前尚未弄清

42. Captured documents which we have obtained from individuals who had been infiltrated

through this corridor plus prisoner-of-war reports that we have obtained in recent months led us to believe that the volume of infiltration has expanded substantially .

我们从经由这个走廊进来的人身上已缴获的文件，加上近几个月从战俘那里得到的口供，使我们相信，渗透的规模扩大了很多

43. Despite the backwardness (in the communications ) ------or perhaps because of it ------China

hopes to leapfrog into the digital era by bypassing many of the costly transitional technologies that industrial nations are now seeking to replace with more advanced digital systems .

尽管中国的通讯落后，或者说正是由于这种落后，中国希望跳跃式的进入通讯数字显示时代，一下子越过耗资巨大的过渡技术阶段，这些过渡技术，工业化国家正在寻求用先进的数字显示系统取而代之

44. He had attached a wheel with a notched rim to the clock , connected this with the telegraph

line , and so arranged it that every time the hour was reached , the right number of dots was automatically sent along the line by the turning of the wheel .

他把一个带有切口的齿轮装在钟上，再把它与电报线连接起来，这样安装好后，每次到点时，正确的电码点数就靠轮子的转动自动的沿电线发出了

45. If parent were prepared for this adolescent reaction , and realized that it was a sign that the

child was growing up and developing valuable powers of observation and independent judgment , they would not be so hurt ,and therefore would not drive the child into opposition by resenting and resisting it .

如果做父母的对这种青少年期的反应有所准备，而且意识到这是一个标志，表明孩子正在成长、正在发挥宝贵的观察力和独立的判断力，那么他们就不会感到如此伤心，所以也就不会因为愤恨而反对，迫使孩子产生反抗的心里

46. It was our view that the United States could be effective in both the tasks outlined by the

President-that is , of ending hostilities as well as of making a contribution to a permanent peace in the Middle East---- if we conducted ourselves so that we could remain in permanent contact with all of these elements in the equation .

如果我们采取行动一遍能够继续与中东问题各方始终保持接触，那么我们美国就能有效地担当起总统所提出的两项任务，那就是在中东结束敌对行动以及对该地区的永久和平

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作出贡献。这就是我们的观点

47. The second aspect is the application by all members of society from the government official

to the ordinary citizen , of the special methods of thought and action that scientists use in their work .

第二个方面是全体社会成员从政府官员到普通公民都使用科学家们在工作中所采用的特殊的思维方法和行为方法

48. In a potentially important reversal of roles , a mainland Chinese electronics company based

in Shenzhen has kickstarted a multi-billion dollar investment in Hongkong’s laggard high-technology sector by signing a contract with the Hongkong Government to take a site for a planned US $312 million state-of-the-art semiconductor plant .

总部设在深圳的一家中国内地的电子公司在与香港政府签订一项合同，参与建设已规划完毕总投资为三亿一千两百万美元的一个第一流的半导体工厂。这家公司由此主动开始向香港发展迟缓的高科技领域注入几十亿美元的投资。此举体现香港与内地角色的互换，具有潜在的重要性

49. A complete absence of oxygen and water in the moon makes it a dead world with no signs of

life .

50. 月球上完全没有水和氧，因此月球是一个绝无生命是死寂世界

51. To count the stars in the Milky Way by ordinary methods would take more than a lifetime .

如果要用通常的方法来数银河系的星星，那么恐怕一辈子也数不清

52. The kill probability against a tank has been calculated between 30% and 40% .

计算表明，对坦克的击毁概率介于30%到40%之间

53. There is the challenge , more clearly defined than ever before , to scientists to apply the

results of science and technology for the benefit of mankind .

科学家们面临着比以往任何时候都更为明确的任务，即把科技成果造福于人类

54. There is still the faith that ordinary men are greater than the powers of nature or the

mechanisms of man’s hands and will master them all in the end .

人们仍然相信，普通的人要比自然的力量或人类造出来的机器更伟大，而且最终会控制他们

55. Adherence to one One-China Principle is the basis and prerequisite for peaceful reunification

china .

坚持一个中国的原则是实现和平统一的基础和前提

1. Thus electricity is seen to be a form of energy by which power may be taken up at one place

and rapidly----and generally very efficiently-------delivered at another .

于是，电被看做能量的一种形式，可把动力以电的形式迅速的，而且通常是非常高效率的由一个地方送到另一个地方

2. The process is similar to that performed at the transmit end , and the carriers are suppressed

within the balanced modulation .

此项过程与发送端所进行的相类似，载波被压制在平衡调制器内

3. Pure oxygen must be given to patients in certain circumstances .

在某些情况下必须给病人吸纯氧气

4. Because it is not heavy for the power it gives , a petrol engine is still used in small aircraft .

就功率来说，汽油发动机不算重，因此，现在的小型飞机仍然使用它

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5. Innovative glass technology has been driven by increasing concern with climate changes ,

energy conservation ,and urban sustainability .

人类日益关注气候变化，关注节约能源和城市可持续发展，这推动了玻璃技术不断创新

6. A lot has been found out about the journeys of migrating birds by marking the birds with

aluminum rings put on one leg .

候鸟的旅行情况，很多是靠在鸟腿上套个铝环作标记查明的

7. Pipes are often corroded by the oxygen in the air .

管子常被空气中的氧腐蚀

8. Friction is also much diminished by proper lubrication .

适当的润滑也可以大大减少摩擦

9. There are number of significant top-level issues that must be addressed if a cooperative

approach to human space exploration is to be pursued .

要寻求人类太空探测的合作途径，就必须应对一些至关重要的问题

10. This latter decision was implied in 2004 by the budget projections released together with the

VSE plan , and has never been explicitly countermanded .

后一项决定在2004年发布的预算案和新太空计划中就有所暗示，并且从未明确取消

11. Meteorologists are currently trying to determine what proportion of the continent’s

precipitation is produced in this way .

目前，气象学家们正在努力确定这个大陆上的降水量中有多少是以这种方式产生的

12. At one time , it was thought that nothing could possibly live very deep down in the oceans .

人们曾一度认为，海洋的深处不可能有生命，因为那里没有光线，而且极冷

13. Assuming radiation losses to be 5% , calculate the amount of steam required .

假定辐射损耗为5%，试计算所需的蒸汽量

14. They believe that they will bring to discussions of their participation in the VSE more

bargaining power than has been in the case historically .

相对于以往，他们坚信在新太空计划的参与权上将会拥有更多讨价还价的砝码

15. In fact , the hole appears to move in response to an applied electric field , as though it were a

[article exhibiting both a positive charge and a positive mass .

实际上空穴似乎是随外加电场的作用而运动，好像它是带正电荷和具有正质量的粒子那样

16. The ISS mechanism has worked , since the station is now reaching its final stage of assembly .

由于国际空间站正处于最后的装配阶段，它的运行机制已经在起作用

17. Lunar surface systems make sense ,of course , only when you have reached the Moon .

当然只有到达月球以后，月表探测系统才有意义

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