最新版深圳牛津七年级英语下册
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七年级下册
英语
内部资料(新版) Unit 1 People Around Us
1. Cheerful
㈠ Cheerful adj. 快乐的,高兴的 Why is he so cheerful?
Cheerful是由名词cheer+ful构成。表示―充满…‖的意思。 比如说:useful,helpful,beautiful,thankful. ㈡ Cheer n 欢呼,高兴,愉快
Her help brought cheer to our hearts. ㈢ Cheer v. 欢呼,使…高兴,加油
She failed the exam,and we want to cheer her up.
2. hard-working adj 工作努力的,勤勉的 Simon is a hard-working student. 区别:work hard 动副结构 Simon works hard.
3. patient
㈠ Patient adj 耐心的 (impatient 没耐心的) 搭配:be patient with sb 对待…有耐心 ㈡ Patient n 病人
The nurse is very patient with her patients.
3. time
㈠ Take time to do sth 花时间做某事
You should take some time to check your answer. ㈡ … is the time for sb to do sth 是某人做某事的时候 It is the time for you to work hard. ㈢ It takes sb some time to do sth.
Sb spends some time on sth\\ in doing sth. It takes me one hour to go to school. I spend one hour in going to school.
4. probably
㈠ probably adv 很可能 You are probably right. ㈡ Probable adj 可能的
It is probable to finish the work before dark.
5. with
㈠ 具有(外貌特征),带有 He is tall with blue eyes.
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㈡ 与,同,和 I am talking with my friend. ㈢ 用(工具,手段) Cut meat with a knife.
6. in the world = all around the world 全世界
7. forget v . 忘记
forget to do sth \\ doing sth 忘记去做某事\\ 忘记做过某事 Don‘t forget to reply to Jane in the morning. He forgot closing the door. 相似用法:remember 记得
remember to do sth \\ doing sth 记得去做某事\\ 记得做过某事
8. Taste ㈠ n 味道 ㈡ v. 尝起来…
The dish tastes delicious.(感官动词+adj) 相似的用法还有smell. ㈠ n 气味
Many people don‘t like the smell of durians. ㈡ v. 闻,嗅
The meat smells nice,but tastes terrible.
形容词的用法:形容词修饰名词,放在名词的前面; 修饰be动词、系动词(get, become, appear等)
构成系表结构 放在be动词的后面;修饰感官动词(look,smell,taste, sound, feel)放在感官动词的后面。
9、I will never forget the taste, and the smell as well. 我将永远不会忘记那种味道和气味。 (1)as well意为“除……之外,也,还”。,和too的意思相近。 Eg:He knows English, and he knows French as well.他懂英语,还懂法语。 (2) 辨析:as well
as well
= He speaks English and he also speaks Spanish.
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10. miss
miss sb. very much 非常想念某人 ㈠ v. 想念
㈡ v. 错过(机会) I missed the train yesterday.
㈢ n 小姐,女士(未婚)
11. be good at= do well in 擅长…
He is good at Chinese. = He does well in Chinese.
He is good at speaking Chinese. = He does well in speaking Chinese. 反义词:Be poor at 不擅长…
12. remain
㈠ v. 仍然是,保持不变
We will remain friends forever. (remain +n)
I asked her a question,but she remained silent.(remain +adj) ㈡ v. 逗留
He remained in Beijing for three months last year.
13. encourage ㈠ v. 鼓励
encourage sb to do sth.
Our teacher encourages us to do more sport. ㈡ n. encouragement
Thanks for your encouragement. 14. support
㈠ n. 支持 (不可数名词)
Betty needs our support . Let‘s give her a hand. ㈡ v. 支持
My mother always support me .
15. ―Never give up and you?ll be successful.‖
Never give up 是祈使句. 句子结构是:祈使句+ and +句子(一般将来时,表达结果) give up 放弃 ㈠ give up(sth.)
I gave up this idea.
㈡ give up doing 放弃做某事 My father can‘t give up smoking.
16.successful
㈠ Successful adj 获得成功的
Tom is a Successful businessman.
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㈡ success n 成功
They finally got a big success. ㈢ succeed v. 成功
Jim succeeded in getting the first place in English exam.
17. help sb. (to) do sth.帮助某人做某事= help sb. with sth.在某方面帮助某人 Li Ping helps me learn English. = Li Ping helps me with my English.
help oneself (to) 请自便;请随便吃 with the help of= with one‘s help在某人的帮助下 can‘t/ couldn‘t help doing sth. 忍不住……,禁不住……
18、Grandma took care of my family.
(1) take care of= look after= care for(此外,care for还有喜欢的意思) 照顾、爱护
Eg: Nurses take care of patients in hospital.= Nurses look after patients in hospital.护士在医院照顾病人。 (2)care about 意为“关心,介意” care for 意为“喜欢,为……操心” Eg:Einstein who cared little for money never cared about his salary. 爱恩斯坦对金钱不感兴趣,他从不在乎薪水多少。
19、She often tells jokes to make me laugh, but she never makes fun of others. (1)tell jokes意为“讲笑话”
tell sb (not) to do sth 告诉某人做(不要做)某事 Eg:Don‘t tell jokes in class.上课时不要讲笑话。
(2)make sb. do sth.意为“使某人做某事”。make后直接跟动词的原形(let/have也是此用法)。 make sth + adj. “使……处于某种状态”(此用法还有 leave/keep)
Eg:The teacher made the students do a lot of homework.这个老师让学生做很多的作业。 (3)make fun of意为“嘲弄,取笑”与laugh at 意思相近。 Eg:The older children always make fun of him because of his accent. = The older children always laugh at him because of his accent.
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大一些的孩子常常取笑他的口音。
拓展:1、be made of 由什么制成(看得出原材料)eg:The house is made of wood. 2、be made from 由什么制成(看不出原材料)eg: Wine is made from grapes. 3、be made into 把……制成。Eg:Grapes are made into wine. 4、be made in +地方 “产于某地”
20、I hope we will always remain friends.我希望我们将永远朋友。 (1)hope v. 希望(希望自己)
hope to do sth. 希望做某事。不能说:hope sb to do sth
eg. I hope to be a teacher when I grow up. 长大后我想成为一名演员。 hope + that 从句
I hope (that) you‘ll deal with the problem as soon as possible. 我希望你尽快解决这个问题
wish sb to do sth 希望某人做某事(希望别人) I wish you to write a letter soon. 我希望你尽快写封信。 (2)remain friends 意为“还是朋友,保持朋友联系”
Eg:You must tell me the truth, if we are to remain friends.如果我们还是朋友的话,你必须告诉我实情。 21、she is good at Maths
be good at sth/doing sth =do well in sth/doing sth 擅长某事/做某事 22、His classes are always full of fun. 他的课总是充满了欢乐。 (1)be full of=be filled with意为“充满……” Eg:The bottle is full of milk.这个瓶子里装满了牛奶。
(2)fun n. 乐趣,欢乐; funny adj.好玩的,有趣的,滑稽的,古怪的 Eg:His classes are always funny.他的课总是很有趣。 have fun doing sth 做某事玩得愉快
23、teaching n.教学 teach v.教 teacher n. 教师
Eg:Linda wants to go into teaching.琳达想从事教学工作。
24、Mr Li is strict about our studies, but he always encourages us and gives us support.
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李老师对我们的学习要求严格,但他总是鼓励我们,给我们支持。 (1)be strict about/in 对某事要求严格,后面只能接sth.
Eg:Our teachers are always strict about our homework.我们老师对我们的作业要求很严格。 (2)be strict with 对某人要求严格,后面只能接人 Eg:He is very strict with his students.他对学生非常严格。
My father is always strict in behavior with me.我爸爸对我的行为举止要求很严格。
Unit 2 Travelling Around The World
1、French adj.法国的; France n.法国;Frenchman(pl. Frenchmen) n.法国人 2、tick v. 标记号,打上钩 n. 对钩,对号
Read the passage and tick the right answer.阅读文章并给出正确的答案。
3、possible adj.可能的,反义词:impossible adj.不可能的 possibly adv.可能,也许。 I‘ll phone you as soon as possible.我尽快给你打电话。
4、prefer v.更喜欢 1)prefer+名词。
---Would you like meat or fish?
---I‘d prefer meat, please.
2) prefer+动词-ing形式。 3) prefer+ to do sth.
Do you prefer cooking for yourself or eating in a restaurant? I prefer to spend the weekend at home.
4) prefer A or B. 本句型中,A与B 是平行结构,可以是名词,也可以是动词-ing形式。 I prefer dogs to cats。比起猫,我更喜欢狗。
I prefer staying at home to going out。比起出门,我更喜欢待在家里。
5、ski v.滑雪 n. 滑雪板 skier n. 滑雪者,滑雪运动员。 6、Paris is the capital of France.巴黎是法国的首都。
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the capital of 意为―……的首都‖ Beijing is the capital of China.北京是中国的首都。
7、Here, you will find many famous places of interest such as Eiffel Tower.在这里,你会发现很多著名的旅游胜地,如埃菲尔铁塔。
1)Place of interest 意为―名胜‖与interesting place 相近。此句型的复数为:places of interest
I visited many places of interest when I was in Beijing.我在北京的时候去了很多名胜古迹 2)such as 意为―例如,诸如‖,后接示例,用于列举。 区分:such as 与for example
8、This is the place to go if you want to visit some shops and department stores。如果你想逛商店和百货公
司,这就(香榭丽舍大道)是你要去的地方了。
1)这是一句条件句,但主句部分没有使用一般将来时。当条件句中,条件和结果存在必然关系时,
主句与从句都使用一般现在时。
If water freezes, it turns into ice.如果水凝固,就变成了水。 2) want sth 想要某物
9、France is very famous for its wine.法国以葡萄酒而闻名。
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such as 后没有―逗号隔开‖后一般接短语。 for example 后有―逗号隔开‖后一般接句子。
I want an apple.
He wants to have a good rest.
want to do sth 想要做某事
want sb to do sth想要某人做某事 My parents want me to be a teacher.
be famous for 意为―以……而闻名‖=be well-known famous for for 后面接出名的原因。 be famous as ―作为……而闻名‖ as 后接职业,身份或地位
Shanghai is famous for its night views.上海以它的夜景而闻名。
10、There are many vineyards in the centre of France and farmers grow grapes to make excellent French wine.在法国中部有许多葡萄园,农民们种植葡萄来制造法国佳酿。 1)in the centre of 意为―在……中部,在……中心‖
People‘s Square is in the centre of Shanghai.人民广场位于上海市中心。 2)grow 种植,生长,长大,留(头发,指甲),变成,开始
11. lie ―位于,坐落在‖;―躺,撒谎‖
lie的现在分词是lying
Plants grow from seeds.种子长出植物。 Claire is growing her long hair.克莱尔在留长发。 It began to grow dark.天色开始渐暗。
作目的状语 lied (撒谎) He lied to his mother. 他对他妈妈撒谎 lie
lay (躺,位于) she lay on the grass. 她躺在草地上
原形 lie lie lay
12、A French town by the sea is the perfect place for a summer holiday, but if you prefer to visit France in winter, you can try skiing on the mountains in the French Alps.法国的海滨小镇是过暑假的完美地点。但是如果你更愿意在冬天去法国,你就可以在法属阿尔卑斯山尝试滑雪。
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含义 躺;位于 说谎 放置;下蛋 过去式 lay lied laid 过去分词 lain lied laid 现在分词 lying lying laying
1)try doing sth. 意为―尝试做某事‖ Let‘s try knocking at the back door.我们敲后门试试。 2)try to do sth 尽力做某事= try one‘s best to do sth
Let‘s try skating this time.这次我们试试溜冰吧。
Let‘s try to make a poster for our club together.让我们一起努力为社团做张海报吧。 3)by
① 在……旁边,靠近‖ My house is by the river. 我家在河边 ② 乘(车、船等)we‘ll go by boat. 我们将乘船去。
③ (指时间)在……之前,不迟于 you must be back by ten o‘clock at night. ④(表示方法、手段等)用、靠 He makes a living by selling vegetables. 13、…, so why not visit France this year?……所以今年,为什么不去法国旅游呢?
14. far away from the sea 远离大海
far away from ―离……远,远离‖ away可以省略。 表示离某处有多远 用 be … away from…
15. close to the sea 靠近大海 Close to ―靠近‖ 相当于 next to,
Close adj ―近的,接近的‖;―亲密的,密切的‖ I have some close friends 我有一些亲密的朋友
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Why not +动词原形意为―为什么不……‖―……怎么样‖Let‘s…和Shall we…也可以用于提出建议。 Why not 和why don‘t you…进行转换
Why not start the meeting at once? Why don‘t you start the meeting at once?为何不现在开会?
The factory is 500 meters away from our school . 那家工厂离我们学校500米远。
Close 作动词 ―关,关闭‖反义词 open Close the window, please 请关上窗户
16. Kelly enjoys skiing in winter. 凯利喜欢在冬天滑雪。 enjoy ―喜欢,享受……的乐趣‖
Do you enjoy working in China? 你喜欢在中国工作吗?
注意:enjoy doing sth ―喜欢做某事‖ I enjoy playing computer games.
Enjoy oneself =have fun=have a good/great/wonderful time 过得快乐,玩得愉快。 We enjoy ourselves on Sundays. 在星期天我们玩得很开心。
17. in the north of ―在……的北部‖,介词in在此表示方位。 辨析:方位介词in, on 与to A B in
in 表示―在某个范围之内‖ on to Suzhou is in Jiangsu Province. 苏州位于江苏省 on 表示―在某个范围之外,两地接壤‖ Jiangsu is on the south of Shandong 江苏位于山东南部 to 表示―在某个范围之外,两地不接壤‖
Japan is to the east of China 日本在中国的东边。
18. It is very different from the buildings in be different from ―与……不同‖ 反义词词组是 be the same as ―和……一样‖ She is different from other girls. 她与其他女孩不同。 My watch is the same as yours. 我的手表和你的一样。
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different 的名词形式为 difference ―区别,不同‖
19. think of ―想起,记起,想出‖ They think of a wonderful idea. 他们想出一个很妙的主意
think about ―思考,考虑‖ We are thinking about going to Paris. 我们正在考虑去巴黎。 think over ―仔细思考‖
Think it over, and you can find the answer very soon.
课文 语法:
一、专有名词
1、定义:专有名词表示特定的人名、地名或组织机构的名称,专有名词一般具有独一性。
2、专有名词注意事项:
1)A:因为专有名词具有专有独一性,所以一般情况下,专有名词的第一个字母要大写,不能在 专有名词前面加不定冠词a/ an,也不能在专有名词词尾加上表示复数形式的―-s‖
Beijing is the capital of China.北京是中国的首都。
B:有时专有名词可以转化成普通名词,转化后它便具有普通名词的特性了,即可在前面加上不
定冠词a/an,在词尾加上表示复数形式的―-s‖。
A Mr Green called just now.刚才有位格林先生打来电话。此时,a Mr Green 相当于a man called
Mr Green。
2)姓氏是专有名词,一般没有复数形式,而且也不能加定冠词―the‖。但是,当姓氏前面加定冠 词―the‖,在后面加―-s‖时,就表示一家人的意思。
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1)人名,地名:Jenny珍妮 Smith 史密斯 China 中国 Asia亚洲 London 伦敦
2) 组织机构、时间、书籍报刊等名称:the United Nations联合国 Bank of China 中国银行
May 五月份 Sunday 星期天 Time 《时代》周刊 the New York Times《纽约时报》
3)家庭关系名称、个人头衔:Mum 妈妈 Grandpa 爷爷 Doctor Black 布莱克先生
Captain Grey 格雷船长/机长 Mr Hopkins 霍普金斯先生 Miss White 怀特小姐
The Blacks moved house three weeks ago.布莱克一家三周前搬走了。
3)有些专有名词表面上看是复数形式,但是在实际应用中谓语动词通常用单数形式。 The United Nations looks after the whole world.联合国要守护全世界。 这里把the United Nations看成一个整体。 二、连词
我们可以用连词来连接两个意思紧密的句子,也可以连接两个相同的成分。 1、and的用法:
1)and是―和,还,而且‖的意思,用于连接形容词、副词、名词或句子。 I‘ve got a red and blue shirt.我有一件红蓝相间的衬衫。(连接两个形容词)
Please do your homework slowly and carefully.请慢慢,仔细地做你的家庭作业。(连接两个副词) Bob and Janet danced.鲍勃和珍妮特跳了舞。(连接两个名词)
I met John and we talked for a while.我遇到了约翰,还聊了一会儿。(连接两个句子) 2)当and用于连接两个句子或短语时,我们可以省略重复的部分。 He is sitting there and (he is) watching TV.他正坐在那里看电视。 I need to go to the post office and (to) the library.我要去邮局和图书馆。 3)在连接两个单词或简短的句子时,and前不用加逗号。 I bought a hat and a scarf.我买了一顶帽子和一条围巾。
4)如果and连接的内容超过两个,则需要使用逗号,但and前不适用逗号。 I bought a hat, a scarf and a coat.我买了一顶帽子,一条围巾和一件外套。 5)忘记使用and是一个常见的错误。
He bought chicken wings, hot dogs to the barbecue.(错误) He bought chicken wings and hot dogs to the barbecue.(正确)
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2、or 或者,否则,表示选择。
Get up early, or you‘ll be late。 Which do you prefer, this one or that one?
注:当or 表示―和‖时,用于否定句或疑问句中;而and 用于肯定句中。
3、but的用法:
1)but 意为但是,可是。用于连接前后内容不同或相反的句子,表示转折的含义。 Joan can sing but she can‘t dance.琼会唱歌,但不会跳舞。(肯定+but+否定) Our flat is new but very small.我们的公寓很新,但很小。(好+but+坏)
2)我们还可以用but来比较句子的主语。和and一样,使用but时,也要避免重复相同的部分。 Sally likes swimming but Doris doesn‘t( like swimming).萨利喜欢游泳,但多利不喜欢。 3)有时候,我们也可以把否定的部分置于but的前面。 Martin isn‘t happy but I am.马丁不开心,但我很开心。
4、so的用法:意为因此,所以,表达的是结果。so不能放在句首。 原因 It rained heavily,雨下地很大, I enjoy drawing, 我喜欢画画, 结果 so we stayed at home.所以我们呆在家里。 so I am in the Art Club.所以我参加艺术社。 Because意为因为,由于,表达原因。在一个句子不能同时出现because和so。 He was hungry, so he ate a lot.他饿了,所以吃了很多东西。
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Unit 3 Our animal friends
1. A blind man and his ―eyes‖ in a fire 火中,一位盲人和他的―眼睛‖ blind adj. 瞎的,失明的; 作定语或表语 前加定冠词the表示一类人 Eg. He is blind.
He was a teacher of the blind.
【固定搭配】(as) blind as a bat 视力极差的,几乎看不见的 be blind to ... 对……视而不见 turn a blind eye to... 对……熟视无睹
2. mean vt. 过去式:meant ―表示……的意思‖ meaning n. 意思;意义 Eg. What do you mean by saying that?
What does this word mean? = What‘s the meaning of this word? 3. welcome adj. ―受欢迎的‖
【拓展】感叹词 ―欢迎‖ Eg. Welcome to China! Vt.―欢迎(人),欣然接受(意见)‖
Eg. All the students and teachers welcome Doctor Brown. 交际用语 ―不用谢,不客气‖
Eg. --Thank you for your help. --You‘re welcome.
4. sorry adj. ―对不起‖ 用于对别人有伤害或做错事时。 be sorry+句子 ―对……抱歉‖ 【拓展】be sorry to do sth. 抱歉做某事 Eg. I‘m sorry to trouble you.
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be sorry about sth. 为某事感到遗憾 be sorry for sb. 为某人感到难过、同情 Eg. I‘m sorry about what‘s happened. 感到遗憾 I am very sorry for the family. 十分同情 交际口语听到伤心或不愉快的消息时的回答 Eg.--I‘m afraid he‘s ill. --I‘m sorry to hear that.
Excuse me Sorry 通常用在打扰别人或吸引别人注意时,在说或做某事之前使用 在说活做这件事之后使用,表示歉意
5. anywhere adv. ―任何地方;无论何处‖ (用于否定句、疑问句或条件从句) Eg. I haven‘t got anywhere to live. 没找到住的地方。 【拓展】somewhere ―在某处‖ 用于肯定句中
nowhere ―无处,任何地方都不(表示否定意义,等于not...anywhere)‖
6. dangerous things ―有害物品,危险物品‖
dangerous adj. 危险的 比较级:more dangerous 最高级:most dangerous danger n. in danger ―处于危险中‖ Eg.This kind of animal is dangerous. 动物是危险的 This kind of animals is in danger. 面临危险
7. appear vi 出现,显现 反义词:disappear n.appearance 外貌、外观 Eg. A rainbow appeared in the sky after the rain. 出现一道彩虹
8. helpful adj. 有用的;有帮助的 helpless adj. 无助的,无用的
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help sb. do sth.=help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事 help sb. =give sb a hand=do sb. a favor 帮助某人
9. a guide dog 导盲犬 a police dog 警犬 a rescue dog 救援犬 10. receptionist n. (接待员) recept v. 接待 reception n. 11. allow v. 允许
allow sb to do sth. 允许某人做某事 allow doing sth.允许做某事 12. by oneself 意为―独自地‖,常用于句尾,强调没有别人帮助、陪伴。
? Don‘t leave me at home by myself, Dad. 爸爸,别把我一个人留在家里。 13. apologize v. 道歉 apology n. apologize to sb. = say sorry to sb. 向某人道歉
apologize (to sb)for sth. / doing sth. 为(做)某事道歉用
14. lead (sb.) to 带着(某人)到……
? The receptionist apologized and led John and Charlie to their room.
接待员到了歉并带着约翰和查利到他们的房间。 15. fall asleep 入睡。(侧重―自然而然地入睡‖或―无意识地睡着‖的含义)
go to sleep (入睡),调动作,有begin to sleep 之意;go to bed (就寝,上床睡觉),主要强调上床准备睡觉的动作,不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。
? John was very tired . He soon fell asleep. 约翰非常地累。他很快就入睡了。 16.wake vi&vt. 醒;唤醒。
wake up 醒来; wake up sb.(wake sb. up) 唤醒某人。 17. with one‘s help= with the help of sb. 在某人的帮助下
18. without 介词,意为―无,没有‖。Without 是with 的反义词,其后跟名词、代词或动名词。
? Fish can‘t live without water.鱼儿离开水就不能活。 ? He left without saying a word. 他没说一句话就离开了。
19. get down 蹲下 ★ on the floor 在地板上 ★ next to 在……的旁边 ★ fire engine 消防车
★ get /take sb. out of sp. 带某人逃离某地
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★apologize to someone 向某人道歉 ★at the bottom of 在……的底部 ★as soon as 一…… 就 ★step onto 踏上
★save one‘s life 救了某人的命
单元语法
A. Reflexive pronouns(反身代词)
英语中共有八个反身代词,在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致。其基本形式如下表所示: 单数 复数 第一人称 myself ourselves 第二人称 yourself yourselves 第三人称 himself herself itself themselves 反身代词的用法 1. 可用作宾语,指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物。 Maria bought herself a scarf. 玛丽亚给自己买了一条围巾。 We must look after ourselves very well. 我们必须好好照顾自己。 2 可用作表语,指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。
She isn’t quite herself today. 她今天有点不舒服。 3 可用作主语或宾语的同位语,常用来加强语气。
She herself will fly to London tomorrow. 明天她自己将要坐飞机去伦敦。 I met the writer himself last week. 我上周见到了那位作家本人。 4 用在某些固定短语当中。
look after oneself / take care of oneself 照顾自己 teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself自学
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enjoy oneself玩得高兴,过得愉快
help oneself to sth请自用……(随便吃/喝些……). hurt oneself摔伤自己 say to oneself自言自语
leave sb. by oneself把某人单独留下 buy oneself sth.给自己买……东西 introduce oneself 介绍……自己
注意: 反身代词不能单独做主语,但可以做主语的同位语,起强调作用。
我自己能完成作业。
(误)Myself can finish my homework..
(正) I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself.
B. Prepositions of position (方位介词)
? 我们用方位介词来谈论某人或某物在哪儿。
? in 在……里面
? on 在……上面(常指一个物体在另一个物体的垂直上方,并接触。) ? under 在……下面(常指一个物体在另一个物体的垂直下方,往往不接触)
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? next to /beside 紧靠;在……旁边 ? in front of 在……的前面 ? behind 在……的后面 ? between 在(两者)之间
? above 在……上面(指在某物的斜上方)
Unit 4 Save The Trees
1. save vt. 拯救;解救
Eg. Let‘s do something to save the animals in danger. The police saved the child from the fire.
【拓展】save ―节省、储蓄‖ Eg. save money save time 【变形】safe adj. safety n.
2.discuss vt ―讨论‖ 后接名词(短语)或wh-从句及wh-短语 discussion n. Eg. We discussed the problem. We will discuss who should do it. We will discuss what to teach next term. 3. leaf n. ―树叶‖ 复数:leaves
4. fight for... ―为……而战‖ fight过去式:fought fight against ―与……作斗争‖
Eg. He is fighting against his sickness. They fight for freedom.
5. provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb. 提供给某人……, 为某人提供…… supply sb. with sth.=supply sth to sb. offer sb. sth. =offer sth. to sb.
Eg. Sheep provide us with wool. = Sheep provide wool for us. 6.in many ways ―在许多方面‖
【短语】 by the way 顺便说一下 in a way 在某种程度上
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in the way of sb. 妨碍某人 on the way to...在去……的途中 in this way 用这种方法
7. keep ―使维持(某种状态)‖
keep+名词+形容词 Eg. The noise kept him awake.
keep+名词+副词/介词短语 Eg. Don‘t keep the boy outside/ in the room. keep +名词+doing Eg. She kept me waiting for half an hour.
keep in touch with与---保持联系; keep back忍住(眼泪);扣下,隐瞒 keep sth in mind=remember
9.take in... ―接受……, 吸收……‖
Eg. The kind man would like to take in the poor boy. Fish take in oxygen through their gills. 鱼用腮吸氧气
10. breathe[i:] v. breath[e] n.
11.make 普通用词,指任何东西的制造或制造过程 Eg.He made the desk himself. produce 正式用词,除表示大量生产制造外,还表示创造 Eg. The tree will produce some blossom next year. 12.in fact 实际上,事实上。用作状语,用于强调或订正前句。 Eg. He doesn‘t mind. In fact he is pleased. 13.look around = look round ―四下环顾‖ vt./vi.
Eg. Look around you before crossing the streets. 朝各方向看看 Don‘t look around when you study. 学习时,别东张西望 14.furniture 不可数名词(集合用法) 表示件数时用piece Eg. We don‘t have much furniture. 有多少家具
They bought a few pieces of furniture yesterday. 买了几件家具 15.be made of ―由……制成‖ 制成品能看出原材料 be made from 制成品看不出原材料
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Eg. The shirt is made of silk. Paper is made from wood.
16.imagine vt. ―设想;想象‖ 不可用于进行时;不可跟动词不定式 imagine +名词/动名词/宾语从句 imagination n. Eg. Can you imagine the life without electricity? I can‘t imagine what he looks like.
17.cut down ―把……砍到‖ Eg. It is not right to cut down the trees. 18.millions of ―无数的,成千上万的‖
19. stop sth./doing 停止某事/做某事 (停止做正在做的事情) Eg.Did he stop work/working late last night? He can‘t stoop thinking about it.
stop to do 表示中断现在的行动或活动去做另一件事。不定式to do表示目的 Eg. She stopped reading and closed the book. I stopped to read the newspaper. 20.pay attention to 注意……
Eg. You must pay attention to this problem. She asked the boy to pay attention to his spelling.
21.use...to make = use...for making
Eg. We use wood to make a table.=We use wood for making a table.用木材制作桌子 22.be good for ―对……有好处,对……有益处‖ Eg. Sports will be good for her health.
23.【短语】as a result 结果,因此 according to 根据 the habit of drinking tea 喝茶的习惯 the Tang Dynasty唐朝 25. fall sleep 入睡,强调―睡着―
Jason lay down in bed and fell asleep almost immediately. 贾森躺在床上,几乎立刻就睡着了。 sleep, be asleep, fall asleep和go to bed都和睡有关,但侧重点不同。 sleep是动词,asleep是形容词 1)sleep 强调―睡觉‖这一动作,是延续性动词,可与表示时间的状语连用。
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e.g. He slept for eight hours. 他睡了八个小时。 2)be asleep表示睡着的状态。
e.g. The baby is sound asleep. 婴儿睡得很香。
3)fall asleep 睡着,表示一个动作的过程。侧重于―自然而然地入睡‖。 e.g. I don‘t know when I fell asleep last night. 我不知道昨晚什么时候睡着的。 4)go to bed 指上床准备睡觉的动作。
e.g. He usually goes to bed at ten o‘clock. 他通常十点上床睡觉。
26. Some time later, Charlie started barking. Some time later 过了一会儿,一些时间之后
一段时间 + later ……(时间)之后,过了……(时间)
Eight years later, the little boy became an excellent university student. 八年之后,这个小男孩成为了一名出色的大学生。 与later 的反义词是 ago, 一段时间 + ago ……(时间)之前 I went to the park three days ago. 三天前,我去了公园。 区分some time, sometime, sometimes和some times 1) sometimes 有时候
e.g. I sometimes have letters from him. 我有时会收到他的来信。 2) some times几次,几倍
e.g. I‘m sure we have met some times before. 我肯定我们之前见过几次面。 3) sometime 某个时候
e.g. This house was built sometime around 1980. 这栋房子是1980年左右建造的。 4) some time 一段时间
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e.g. We plan to stay in Hainan for some time. 我们打算在海南待上一段时间。 27. at the bottom of 在……的底部
At the bottom of the steps, there is a beautiful beach. 阶梯的底部是一个漂亮的海滩。 反义词:at the top of …… 在……的顶部
Finally, they put the flag at the top of the mountain. 最终,他们将旗帜插在了上顶上。
Unit5 Water
1. turn off turn on
关上(电灯、煤气、自来水、电视等)
打开(电灯、煤气、自来水、、电视等)
turn up 开大 (收音机、电视等)音量 turn down 调低(收音机、电视等)音量 look around = look round
2. It‘s time for sb to do sth. It‘s time to do sth. It‘s time for sth.
3. add sth to sth
把------加入------里
环顾四周
到某人做某事的时间了。
到做某事的时间了。 是、、、的时间了。
add A and B 把A和B加起来 make sb do sth.
让某人做某事
4. make sb\\sth + adj. 使某人、某物怎么样 5. remember (not) to do sth remember doing sth
记得(不)要去做某事 –(事还没做)
记得做过某事 –(事做了)
6. continue to do sth. 继续做别的事 continue doing sth 继续做同一件事 7. noise:噪音,不愉悦的声音 8. along沿着(线);
9. 表示返回,return不能和back连用
表示归还,return可以和back连用 Please return the book back before Friday.
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sound:几乎所有声音
across横穿(面)
10. in the form of 以...的形式 be made up of 由---组成 dry up干涸 After he finished reading a novel, he continued to play games with his friends. 他读完小说后跟朋友们继续玩游戏。
After a rest, he continues reading.稍事休息后,他继续看书。
Ⅱ. 语法:谈论名词的数量
一. 谈论多少 ―许多‖的表达:
①a lot of = lots of + 不可数名词\\ 可数名词复数 如:a lot of\\ lots of water
a lot of\\ lots of swimmers 如:many swimmers 如:much water
many + 可数名词复数 much + 不可数名词
―有一些;少量的(肯定意义)‖的表达: ①a little + 不可数名词 ②a few + 可数名词复数
如:a little time 如:a few friends
―几乎没有;没有(否定意义)‖的表达: ①little + 不可数名词 ②few + 可数名词复数
如:There is little food in the fridge.
如:He has few friends.
③no +不可数名词\\ 可数名词复数 如:There is no water in the pool. 注意:
① a little = not…much ―很少(肯定意义)‖ a bit of+ 不可数名词 有点;一点
如:There is a little water in this bottle. = There is not much water in the bottle. ② a few = not… many ―很少(肯定意义)‖ 如:There are a few swimmers in the pool. There are not many swimmers in the pool. a large amount of
二.询问多少
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There are no swimmers in the pool.
=
谓语用单数,后接不可数名词
1. How many +可数名词复数 + 一般疑问句 + 其他 ? 如: How many oranges are there in the fridge? 2. How much +不可数名词+ 一般疑问句 + 其他 ? 如: How much paper do you need? How much is\\are + the + n. ? 询问价格 如: How much are the oranges?
三.谈论足够与否 1. ―太多的‖表达:
too many +可数名词复数 too much +不可数名词 2. ―足够的‖表达:
enough +可数名词复数\\不可数名词 3. ―不足的‖表达:
not enough +可数名词复数\\不可数名词 4. ―太少的‖表达:
too few +可数名词复数 too little +不可数名词
四.区别
1. too much +不可数名词―太多的、、、‖ much too + adj.\\ adv. ―太、、、‖ 如:The beef is much too delicious.
2. ① enough adj. 足够的;充分的 修饰名词,一般置于名词之前
如: We have enough milk for everyone. 如: He didn‘t study hard enough.
五、分数的表达
先分子,再分母,分子用基数,分母用序数,当分子为大于1的整数时,分母要变复数。
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如: too many oranges 如: too much water
如: enough onions\\ salt
如: not enough onions\\ salt
如:too few eggs 如:too little milk
牛肉太好吃了。
enough money good enough
② enough adv. 足够地;充分地 修饰adj.\\ adv. ,只能放在adj.\\adv. 后面
quarter 1/4 half 1/2 two thirds 2/3 three fifths 3/5
Unit 6 Electricity
1. moment 可数名词, 意为‖瞬间;片刻‖ 如:I‘d like to talk to you for a moment. 与moment 相关的短语: a moment ago刚刚; 刚才 at the moment现在; 此刻 wait a moment等一会儿
如:He was here a moment ago. 如:He is at home at the moment.
如:Wait a moment, please.
in a moment马上;赶快 later 副词,意为‖后来;以后‖
at the moment 此时此刻 for the moment 暂时 at any moment任何时刻 2. a packet of 一袋
不可数名词没有复数形式,在表示数量时,常用―a+单位量词+of+不可数名词‖结构。 如:a piece of meat
a piece of paper
a glass of apple juice;
a bag of milk
数词+单位量词+of+不可数名词\\可数名词复数 如:two glasses of water
3. in a way 在某种程度上
on the way 在路上; in the way 挡道;
4. connect 连接… 常用结构: be connected to sth. 连接到……
connect sth. to/with… 把…和…连接起来.
如:Turn on your computer and connect it to the Internet.
The railway line connects Wuhan to Shanghai.
5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
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three cups of tea two packets of sweets three bags of pencils
in this way这边走; by the way 顺便问下
power station 发电站 washing machine 洗衣机 switch off=turn off 关掉 tidy up收拾 整理=put away air condition空调
10. come into 进入……之内 11. ―as many + 复数名词+as ‖
如:I have as many books as you.
―as much +不可数名词+as‖
意为‖和……一样多的…‖ 我和你有一样多的书. 意为‖和…一样多的…‖
如:My brother drinks as much milk as I every day.
12. share sth. with sb. 与某人合用/分享某物 13. (1 )―keep + sb. / sth. + 形容词‖ 意为―让某人/某物保持某种状态‖。
(2) keep doing sth. 连续不断地做某事,一直做。强调不断重复的动作。
如:Li Lei keeps buying books about cars. 李雷不断地买有关车的书。 (3) keep sb./ sth. doing sth. (4) keep sb. from doing sth.
让某人不断地做某事 阻止某人做某事
如:We must keep them from getting to know our plans. 我们必须防止他们知道我们的计划。
14. at least 至少 15. make sure 务必,确信
Ⅱ. 语法:情态动词 一、情态动词的定义
情态动词是一类用于表示说话人的语气和情态的助动词。常表示命令、请求、拒绝、义务、可能、需要等。 二、情态动词的特点
1. 情态动词无人称和数的变化,
2. 情态动词后面跟的动词需用原形,否定式构成是在情态动词后面加 \。
3. 个别情态动词有过去式, 过去式用来表达更客气, 委婉的语气, 时态性不强, 可用于过去,现在。 三、情态动词的用法
1. can/could; can‘t/couldn‘t (否定) 1) 表示能力, 意为―能、会‖, 例如:
如:I can speak a little English.
-- Can you ride a bike?
I can‘t swim. -- Yes, I can. / No, I can‘t.
2) 表示请求或允许,多用于口语中,意为―可以、能‖等
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如:You can go home now. 现在你可以回家了 -- Can I borrow your bike? You can‘t stop your car here.
-- Yes, you can. / No, you can‘t.
3) 用于否定句、疑问句中,表示猜测、怀疑或不肯定.
如:Lucy can‘t be at home now, she went to the park just now.
Where can it be? I can‘t find my football.
【注意:】
1)could 是can的过去式, 有两种用法, 一种表示过去式;一种用来表达更加客气, 委婉的语气, 时 态性不强, 可用于过去,现在。
2) be able to 意为―有能力,能够做...‖, 相当于can/could, 但它有人称,数和时态的变化。 2. may;
may not (否定)
1) 表示―请求,许可‖,此时与 can 同义,可以互换使用
如:May I borrow your bike? Can I borrow your bike?
Yes, you may. / No, you may not.
Yes, you can. / No, you can‘t.
2) may/might表示不太肯定的猜测,意为―有可能‖
如:Lucy may come to school late today.
It might rain today.
【注意】:might 是may 的过去式, 有两种用法, 一种表示过去式,一种表示更加委婉, 客气的语
气或对可能性的怀疑。
3. must; mustn‘t (否定)
1) must(―必须‖, 表示命令),mustn‘t(―一定不能‖, 表示强烈禁止...)
如:You must go to bed before 22:00pm.
You mustn‘t play with fire. It‘s dangerous! --Must I write down the sentences? --No,you needn‘t. (--No, you don‘t have to)
注意:在回答must的疑问句中,否定回答用needn‘t或don‘t have to表示―不必‖,不用mustn‘t 2) must 还可以表示非常肯定的猜测,意为―一定‖ 如:The girl in a red skirt must be Lucy. 3) must/ have to 的区别:
①. must表示必须,强调主观上的愿望;have to表示―不得不‖,强调客观需要
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如:You must go be bed before 22:00pm. to school on foot.
My bike is broken, so I have to go
②. have to 有人称、数、时态的变化;must则没有。
如:I have to clean the classroom today.
She has to finish her homework first.
It was late, he had to go to school without breakfast.
Unit7 Poems
1. poem诗歌;
poet 诗人; poetry诗歌(总称)
2. advice 【不可数名词】搭配:a piece of advice; some advice give sb. some advice 给某人建议 3. a crowd of +名词复数: 一群,一伙
4. agree with sb/sth 同意某人的意见,想法,分析,解释; agree to do sth 表示同意做某事 【名词】agreement 【反义词】disagree; disagreement(名词) 5. 6. 7. 8.
take a shower淋浴; take a bath: 洗澡
adj.--n :high—height 高; wide—width 宽; long—length长; deep-depth 深; strong—strength强 smile at sb冲某人笑; a big smile 一个大大的微笑 a crowd of +people一群人; be crowded with挤满了
9. not at all一点也不
Water does not have any taste at all. =Water has no taste at all. 【表示不客气】--Thank you! --Not at all.
10. be worried about = worry about 为、、、担忧
You don‘t have to worry about him. =You don‘t have to be worried about him.
11. newspaper stand 报摊 12. rush out冲出去 13. too...to... 的用法
―too+形容词/副词+动词不定式‖结构简称为―too...to‖结构。这种结构是英语中常用的一种句型,
在大多数情况下表示否定意义,在翻译时,通常可译为:―太……而不能……‖、―太……无法……\。 too+adj./adv.+to do这个句型是too...to的最基本的常用句型。
如:这男孩年龄太小,不能上学。 The boy is too young to go to school.
这帽子太大,没法戴。
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The hat is too large to wear.
一、祈使句(imperatives)
1.祈使句的定义及句式特征:
定义:祈使句是用来表示请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告或祝愿等的句子。它的特点是通常省略主语you,以动词原形开头,末尾可用句号或感叹号。祈使句没有疑问句的形式,一般只有肯定和否定两种形式。
Go and wash your hands. (表命令) Be quite, please. (Please be quiet.)(表请求) Be kind to your sister.(表劝告) No parking. (表禁止) 2.肯定形式(动词原形开头)
1)以系动词be开头的祈使句,这种祈使句的常用结构:be+形容词 / 名词 Be quiet / quick! Be a good student! Be careful when crossing the street.
2)以实义动词开头的祈使句,这种祈使句的常用结构为:动词原形+宾语(+其他)。 Come in, please! Please open your books! Put them away!
3)let型(Let+宾语+动词原形+其他)
Let him do it by himself. Let me help you. Let‘s go to the park. 3.否定形式(一般在动词上否定,也可以用否定副词(never)来表示) 1)be型【Don‘t be +其他成分(形容词、名词或介词短语)】 Don‘t be careless! Never be late again next time!
【注意】:①在这种句型中,be不能省略 ②否定副词not不可置于be之后 2)do型(Don‘t +动词原形+其他)
Don‘t believe him! Don‘t worry! Never do it again! 3)Let引起的祈使句有两种否定形式
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Watch your steps.(表警告) a). Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其他
Let her not do that. Let‘s not think about it. It‘s only a waste of time. b). Don‘t+ let+宾语+动词原形+其他
Don‘t let Jim do that. Don‘t let us go, please.
4) 在公共场合的提示语中,否定祈使句常用―No+名词 / V-ing形式‖结构,表示―禁止做某事‖。例如: NO PHOTOS! 禁止拍照! No parking! 【注意】:
1). 在表达请求或劝告时,有时为了表示委婉的语气,可以在句首或句末please,但是如果please加在句末,应用逗号将其与前面的部分隔开。 Sit down, please. Please look after the twins.
2). 在意思比较明显的情况下,可以把谓语动词省略。 This way, please. 3). 有时为了加强语气,可以在动词前使用do. Do be careful!一定要小心! 4). 有时为了强调对方,也可加上主语you,人名或everybody, anybody等不定代词。 You sweep the floor and I clean the window. Stand up, everybody.
5).有时为了明确向谁提出请求或发出命令,可加称呼语,但称呼语要与句子用逗号隔开。 Put the shirt on the bed, Jim. 4.祈使句的反意问句
祈使句的反意疑问句须按其句子结构及讲话人的语气来决定其疑问部分,通常有以下三种形式: 1).祈使句为肯定句式,其反意疑问句表示请求时,通常用will you;表示邀请、劝说时,用won‘t you。
Be sure to write to us, will you? 你一定要给我们写信,好吗?
Come to have dinner with us this evening, won‘t you? 今晚来和我们一起吃饭,好吗? 2).祈使句为否定句式,其反意疑问句通常只用will you。例如:
Don‘t smoke in the meeting room, will you? 不要在会议室抽烟,好吗?
3). Let开头的祈使句构成反意疑问句时,除Let‘s用shall we外,其它均用will you。例如: Let the boy go first, will you? 让个那男孩先走,好吗?
Let‘s take a walk after supper, shall we? 晚饭后我们去散步,好吗?
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5.祈使句的回答
祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作,所以回答祈使句时,一般用will或won‘t。 在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时,要注意两点:
1) 形式一致(即Yes与will保持一致;No与won‘t保持一致) 2) 意思相反(即Yes是 ―不‖的意思;No是 ―是‖的意思)。 在回答时,要注意分析上下文语境中所提供的条件。例如:
--- Don‘t go out, please. It‘s raining heavily outside. 请不要出去。外面雨下得很大。 ---- Yes, I will. I have to meet my brother at the airport.不行,我得去机场接我弟弟。
6. 祈使句与陈述句的并列使用
祈使句后接陈述句时,须用连接词连接。如果祈使句与陈述句表示的是一种顺承关系时,要用并列连词and来连接;如果祈使句与陈述句存在一种否定条件关系时,要用并列连词or来连接。例如: Leave it with me and I will see what I can do. 把它留给我吧,我想想有没有办法。 Hurry up, or we‘ll be late. 快点,否则我们要迟到了。
二、感叹句(exclamations)
(一)、感叹句是表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子。感叹句句末通常用感叹号,读时一般用降调。 (二) 、感叹句的基本句型
【句型一】What + (a / an) + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语! What a clever boy he is! (他是个)多么聪明的男孩啊! What an interesting story it is! (这是个)多么有趣的故事啊! What fine weather it is! 多好的天气啊!
What beautiful flowers they are! (它们是)多么漂亮的花啊!
【说明】 在感叹句中,What a / an 常用来修饰单数可数名词,若其前面的形容词为元音开头,则用 an。what 是用来修饰复数可数名词和不可数名词。但有些不可数名词,如 rain, surprise, breakfast, lunch 等,当前面有形容词修饰,使抽象名词具体化时,则要用 what a / an,如:
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What a heavy rain it is! 多大的一场雨啊!What a great surprise it is! 这多么令人惊奇啊! What a rich breakfast it is! 多么丰盛的一顿早餐啊! 【句型二】How + 形容词 / 副词 + 主语 + 谓语! How well you look! 你气色真好! How kind you are! 你心肠真好!
How beautifully you sing! 你唱得真好听! Strawberries! How nice! 草莓! 多好呀! How clever the boy is! 这个男孩多么聪明啊! How fast he runs! 他跑得多么快啊! 【说明】how还可以修饰动词构成感叹句,但动词不提前。如:
How I want to be a doctor! 我多么想成为一名医生啊! How she dances! 她跳得多好啊! 感叹句型总结 How +形容词+ a +名词+其他成分! How+形容词或副词+其他成分! What +名词+其他成分! What +a+形容词+名词+其他成分! What + 形容词+复数名词+其他成分! What + 形容词+不可数名词+其他成分! 请看以下例子:
①It‘s an interesting film. 这是一部有趣的电影。
→What an interesting film it is! 这是一部多有趣的电影啊! ②It‘s wonderful weather. 天气很好。 →What wonderful weather! 天气真好! ③He did the work carefully. 他做这工作很仔细。
→How carefully he did the work! 他做这工作多仔细啊! ④Time passed quickly. 时间过得很快。 →How quickly time passed! 时间过得真快
【难点1】what类感叹句省略形容词 1. 当其中的名词带有形容词的意味时【重点】 What luck! 真幸运! What fools! 真是些笨蛋!
What a surprise! 真是意想不到! What fun we could have! 我们玩得多开心啊 2. 当进行批评时 What nonsense! 一派胡言! What a shame! 多可耻(惜)! What a mess! 多么脏乱啊!
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3. 当表示强调或夸张时 Oh, what a lie! 啊,多大的谎言! What a night! 多糟糕的一个晚上! 4. 当表示蔑视时 What a man he is! 那家伙算什么!
注:有时在没有上下文,意思可能不确定。如:What a day! 看这天气! (是褒是贬,视具体情况而定)
【难点2】how在感叹句中修饰动词 感叹句有时可用―how+主语+动词‖构成,此是how直接用于修饰动词。如: How I missed you. 我多么想念你啊。 How you‘ve grown! 你都长这么大啦!
How you‘ve changed! 你的变化真大! How he wished for a drink! 他多希望能有点东西喝! (三)、注意
(1)要修饰名词的形容词不能是表数量的many, much, little, few,遇此情况要用how,即使它们后面跟有名词:
How many books he has! 他的书真多! How much money he gave her! 他给了她好多钱呀! How little money I have! 我的钱多么少呀! How few friends he has! 他的朋友真少! 比较:What a little box it is! 多小巧的盒子呀!(该little不表示数量) (2)有时句中的主语和谓语可以省略:
How fast! 多快呀! How nice! 多好呀!
How beautiful! 多美呀! How nice of you to come! 你来了真好!
Unit8 From hobby to career
1. shoot 射 (过去式: shot, v-ing: shooting) 2. host (v.) 主持 (n.) 主持人,主人,东道主
He Jiong is a host of Happy Camp in HNTV. 何炅是湖南电视台《快乐大本营》的一名主持人。 Jack will host the programme tonight. 杰克将要主持今晚的节目。 3. knowledge (不可数n.) 知识
4. actually (adv.) 事实上 —— actual (adj.) actually = in fact 5. decide (v.) 决定 —— decision (n.)
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decide to do sth. : ―决定去做……‖ make a decision : ―作决定‖
He decided to go on holiday to Hainan with his parents. 他决定和他父母去海南度假。 After having a discussion, I finally made a decision. 讨论过后,我最终做出决定。 6. train (v.) 训练 (n.) 火车
train sb. / sth. train to do sth. I will go to Beijing by train. His job is training these dogs.
She is training to be a volunteer. 她正在接受志愿者培训。 7. lively (adj.) 生动的 类似:lovely, friendly 8. grow up 长大 grow——grew (过去式)
9. I am proud of my TV programme – it has lasted for more than 50 years! be proud of… ―为……而感到自豪‖
My brother is a good teacher, and my parents are proud of him. 我哥哥是个好老师,我父母都为他感到自豪。
Lily won the English competition last year. Her parents were proud of her. 莉莉去年在英语竞赛中获胜,她的父母都为她感到自豪。 10. more and more + n. 越来越多…… more and more + adj. / adv. 越来越…… More and more children are getting fat. English is becoming more and more important.
11. Once I learnt a little about them, I soon wanted to find out more and more. find,find out,look for都与“找”有关,但侧重点不同。 (1) I‘m looking for my pen. (意为―寻找‖,强调找的动作 )
(2) He can‘t find his watch. (意为―找到、发现、感到‖,强调找的结果)
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(3) Please find out the answer to the question. (意为―查明、发现、了解‖,指经过认真观察、调查或研究
把某事、某物查出来、搞清楚)
语法:
【when引导的时间状语从句】
在复合句中,由连接词when引导的状语从句是时间状语从句。 例子:
When he opened the door, he saw the bird. 当他打开门时,他看到了这只鸟。 从句 主句
等同于:He saw the bird when he opened the door. 其具体体现在以下几个方面:
1. 从句的动作和主句动作同时发生,意为―当……时;在……的时候‖,例如: He liked playing basketball when he was young. 他年轻的时候,就喜欢打篮球。 2. 从句的动作发生在主句动作之前,例如:
When you get there, please tell Lucy to call me back. 你到那后,请告诉露西给我回电话。 Come here to find me when you finish you homework.你做完作业后,来这儿找我。 3. 我们也可用after, before, until等连词引导时间状语从句。如:
After Simon does his homework, he listens to music.西蒙做完家庭作业后,他就去听音乐。 Before Mary went to bed, she drank some milk. 玛丽在睡觉之前,喝了些牛奶。 注意:当主句是将来时的时候,从句要用一般现在时。
— I want to know when Mr. Brown will arrive. — When he ______, I will tell you. A. will arrive B. arrived C. arrives D. arrive
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【used to的用法】
used to意为―曾经;以前‖,用来谈论过去常常做某事。其句型的变化形式如下: 句型变化 陈述句 used to (主语+ used to do) Lily used to learn to play the piano at school. 莉莉曾经在学校里学习弹钢琴。 (主语+ did not + use to do) Lily didn't use to learn to play the piano at school. 莉莉以前没有在学校学习过弹钢琴。 (Did+主语+use to do) Did Lily use to learn to play the piano at school? 莉莉曾经在学校学习过弹钢琴吗? (What + did+主语+use to do) What did Lily use to do at school? 莉莉以前在学校干什么? 否定句 一般疑问句 特殊疑问句 拓展:
be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 be used to do sth. 被用来做某事 (表示被动) eg: She is used to taking a walk after dinner. 她习惯晚饭后散步。 Knives are used to cut things. 刀被用来切东西。
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