本科毕业设计论文 基于ZigBee的矿井环境及人员监测系统研究 - 图文

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基于ZigBee的矿井环境及人员监测系统研究

摘 要

本论文主要探讨了应用ZigBee技术来实现对矿井环境及其人员的定位系统，采用ZigBee无线通信技术的人员跟踪定位系统，可以实现井下人员的精确跟踪定位，同时可以进行考勤和监督管理。不仅在井下发生事故时发挥重要作用，而且可以用于日常的管理，使得整合环境监测系统使得功能更加完善，从而通过网络可以实现监控终端和井下工作人员的双向通信。该系统的软件流程图主要包括有3大部分：无线网关子程序、参考节点的子程序及盲节点的子程序。通过对参考节点以及盲节点的编程，来实现相应模块的功能，并进行通讯，最终传送给PC机。其中PC机的界面由Visual Basic来进行开发，而无线网关子程序、参考节点的子程序及盲节点的子程序通过IAR system开发环境来实现，这样，矿工所处的位置即可通过无线网关发出的查找指令，传递给盲节点，盲节点再与参考节点进行数据交换，计算出其自身的坐标，并将最终的计算结果通过无线网关传递给PC机。这样，就可以实现对井下环境的监测及人员的定位，从而在发生矿难时第一时间进行搜救工作，对可能潜在的危险进行分析。该论文给出了详细的实现过程及其方法。

论文最后对结果进行了分析，发现了其低成本的优势以及这一可行性，并针对实验结果中的不足，进行了相关的改进分析，从中总结经验。 关键词：ZigBee，矿井环境，人员定位

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A research about mine environment and personnel monitoring

system are based on the ZigBee

ABSTRACT

This paper mainly discusses how to use the ZigBee technology to achieve the environment of the mine the environment of the mine and the positioning of the personnel.The using of ZigBee wireless communication technology can realize the positioning of the personnel who is undergrond,and can supervise and manage the persons .Not only can it play an important role when the accidents is occured,but also can be used for the management.Thus this can make the integration of environmental monitoring system more perfect,and can be achieved the two-way communication between the network to monitor terminals and underground staff.The system flow chart of the software mainly includes 3parts:the subroutine of the wireless network,the subroutine of the fixed point and the subroutine of the free point.Through the programming to the wireless network,the subroutine of the fixed point and the subroutine of the free point to achieve the functions about every corresponding,and communications,and eventually to pass the result to the PC machine.The interface of the PC machine is developed by Visual Basic,and the wireless network,the subroutine of the fixed point and the subroutine of the free point is developden by the IAR system.In this way,the miner's position can be found through the wireless network sending the instruction of the search,and passing to free node.The data is exchanging between free node and fixed node,and then calculate their coordinates,and the final send the result to the PC machine through the wireless network.In this way,can we realize the monitoring of the mine environmental and the orientation of the staff.when the accident occurred we can search for the persons for the first time,and analysis the potential risk.The paper gives a detailed implementation process and it’s method.

Finally,the results are analyzed and found that this project is low cost and can be used.According to the experimental results in the deficiency we need to improve the analysis,and to summarize the experience.

KEY WORDS: ZigBee,the environment of the mine, the positioning of the personnel

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目 录

摘要 ............................................................................................................................................. I ABSTRACT .............................................................................................................................. II 第1章 绪论 .............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 选题背景 .......................................................................................................................... 1 1.2典型无线定位系统........................................................................................................... 1 1.2.1 GPS定位技术 ............................................................................................................ 1 1.2.2无线定位系统 ............................................................................................................ 2 1.3 ZigBee技术的现状与发展 .............................................................................................. 3 1.3.1国外技术现状 ............................................................................................................ 3 1.3.2国内技术存在问题 .................................................................................................... 3 1.4 无线传感器网络应用 ...................................................................................................... 3 1.5 选题的期望成果 ............................................................................................................. 4 1.6 本论文的主要内容 .......................................................................................................... 4 第2章 ZigBee无线技术 ......................................................................................................... 6 2.1发展史.............................................................................................................................. 6 2.2体系结构........................................................................................................................... 6 2.2.1星状网络拓扑 ............................................................................................................ 7 2.2.2树状网络拓扑 ............................................................................................................ 7 2.2.3网状网络拓扑 ............................................................................................................ 8 2.3 Z-STACK协议栈 ........................................................................................................... 8 2.3.1 Z-STACK概述 ........................................................................................................ 8 2.3.2 OSAL运行机制 ........................................................................................................ 9 2.3.3 ZigBee组网 ............................................................................................................ 10 2.3.4 Z-Stack协议栈运行机制 ....................................................................................... 11 2.4协议研究........................................................................................................................ 12 2.4.1 物理层 ..................................................................................................................... 12 2.4.2 MAC层 ................................................................................................................... 13 2.4.3 网络层 ..................................................................................................................... 14 2.4.3 应用层 ..................................................................................................................... 15 2.5 本章小结 ....................................................................................................................... 15

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第3章 系统硬件平台的搭建 ................................................................................................ 16 3.1定位系统硬件设计........................................................................................................ 16 3.1.1 硬件总体规划 ......................................................................................................... 16 3.1.2 CC2430射频模块设计 ........................................................................................... 17 3.1.3 功能模块设计 ......................................................................................................... 19 3.2定位系统硬件通信........................................................................................................ 20 3.2.1 无线网关 ................................................................................................................. 20 3.2.2 参考节点 ................................................................................................................. 21 3.2.3 盲节点 ..................................................................................................................... 21 3.3本章小结........................................................................................................................ 22 第4章 软件设计系统方案研究 ............................................................................................ 23 4.1系统开发环境简介......................................................................................................... 23 4.2系统开发环境对各模块的设计..................................................................................... 23 4.2.1无线网关软件设计 .................................................................................................. 24 4.2.2参考节点软件设计 .................................................................................................. 25 4.2.3盲节点软件设计 ...................................................................................................... 27 4.2.4 DS18B20传递温度设计 ......................................................................................... 29 4.2.5 AD转换设计 ........................................................................................................... 29 4.2.6 数据采集 ................................................................................................................. 32 4.2.7 数据接收 ................................................................................................................. 32 4.3 本章小结 ........................................................................................................................ 33 第5章 调试结果 .................................................................................................................... 34 第6章 结论 ............................................................................................................................ 35 6.1 研究成果 ........................................................................................................................ 35 6.2 进一步研究 .................................................................................................................... 35 致 谢 ........................................................................................................................................ 37 参考文献 .................................................................................................................................. 38 附录Ⅰ AD转换主要程序 ..................................................................................................... 40 附录Ⅱ 数据采集主要程序 .................................................................................................... 41 附录Ⅲ 数据接收主要程序 .................................................................................................... 42 附录Ⅳ DS18B20传递温度主要程序 ................................................................................... 45

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附录Ⅴ VB界面主要程序 ..................................................................................................... 46

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