（免费）2011中考英语核心考点-名师教案

2011中考英语核心考点 （名师教案）

可数 不可数 可数/不可数 复合不定 代词 one, each, many, both, another, either, neither, (a) few much, (a) little one, any, other, all, some anyone, anybody, anything; someone, somebody, something; everyone, everybody, everything; nobody, nothing all：指三者或三者以上的所有，可以作形容词修饰名词复数，作代词，可作主语、宾语或同位语；后可接of介词短语。

both：指―两者都‖，可以作形容词修饰名词复数，作代词，可作主语、宾语或同位语；后可接of介词短语。

each：―每一个‖，一般指两者中的每一个，也可指许多中的每一个；可以作形容词修饰名词单数，作代词，可作主语、宾语或同位语；后可接of介词短语。

There are trees on each side / both sides of the river. Each of us has a chance to go to university. We each have a dictionary.

every：三者或三者以上中的每一个，是形容词，只能作定语，后面不能接of介词短语。 either：指―两者中一个‖或―两者中无论哪一个‖，可以作形容词修饰名词单数，作代词作主语、宾语；后可接of介词短语。

If you keep still, you can sit on either end of the boat. I don‘t like either of them. Do you have any other blouse? 两者 两者（以上） 都 both all 任何 either any 都不 neither none ◆---- Do you want tea or coffee? ---- _____ . I really don‘t mind. A. Both A. all A. all

B. None B. none

C. Either C. either C. every

D. Neither D. both D. either

◆I don‘t care for ______ of the hats. Would you show me a third one? ◆The thieves ran away separately, _____ carrying a bag.

B. each

◆I understood most of what they said but not ______ word.

A. any B. each C. every D. one ◆— Excuse me, but can you tell me which road I should take to the post office ?

— _______ of the four roads will do.

A. Any B. Neither C. Both D. Every

none＝not any; not one How many/how much? ◆He wants me to lend him some money, but I have at hand. nothing＝not anything What? ◆Nothing is not anything on the table.桌子上什么也没有。 = is on the table. no one＝nobody Who? ◆Nobody likes a person with bad manners. 没有人喜欢不讲礼貌的人。 = likes a person with bad manners.

◆—How much water is there in the bottle?瓶子里有多少水？— .一点也没有。 ◆—What‘s on the table?桌上有什么？ — .什么也没有。 ◆—Who will go to the party?谁将去参加晚会？ — .没人去。 ◆---- How much vinegar did you put in the salad? ---- I‘m sorry to say, _______. I forgot. A. no

B. nothing

C. no one

D. none

◆— I‘ve looked everywhere, but I haven‘t found any black ink. — then, I‘m afraid there is ______ left.

A. nothing B. no one C. none D. neither 不定代词 another 意义 另一个 另外的 两者中的 另一个 泛指别的 人或物 特指其余 的人或物 用法说明 I don‘t like this coat. Show me another, please. 只作定语，常与复数名词或不可数名词连用；但如果前面有the, other this, that some, any, each, every, no, one 及my, your, his 等时，则可与单数名词连用。如：any other plant, every other day。 the other others the others 常与one 连用，构成：one … the other… 一个……另一个……；作定语修饰复数名词时，表示―全部其余的‖ 是other 的复数形式，泛指别的人或物（但不是全部），不能作定语，构成some…others… 是the other 的复数形式，特指其余的人或物。 任何一个，指三者或三者以上中的任何一个，用作代词或形容词。如： the others=the other +复数名词

◆Two boys will go to the zoo, and will stay at home.

others是other的复数形式，泛指“另外几个”，“其余的”。在句中可作主语、宾语。 ◆Do you have question(s)? 你还有其他问题吗？ ◆Some of us like singing and dancing, go in for sports. ◆Give me others, please. 请给我别的东西吧！ ◆There are others. 没有别的了。

the other指两个人或物中一个时，只能用the other，不能用another，这里other作代词。 ◆He has two daughters. One is a nurse, is a worker. the other后可加单数名词，也可加复数名词，此时的other作形容词。 ◆On side of the street，there is a tall tree. ◆I don‘t like this one. Please show me another.

=I don‘t like this one. Please show me . What can I say? 我还能说什么呢？

◆Both of them haven‘t read this story.并非他们二人都看过这个故事。 = one of them read this story. ◆All bamboo doesn‘t grow tall. 并非所有的竹子都长得高。 = bamboo grows tall.

= Some bamboo grows tall, some doesn‘t. ◆we don‘t fear any difficulty. 我们不怕困难。 = We fear . one, ones, the one, the ones, that, those

◆The book on the desk is better than that under the desk.

=The book on the desk is better than under the desk. ◆The books on the desk are better than those under the desk.

=The books on the desk are better than under the desk. ◆He has lived in London and New York, but he doesn‘t like ______ city. A. neither B. either C. both D. all ◆— Do you have a passport, sir ? — Yes, I have _______. Here you are.

A. it B. that C. one D. this

指代题

指代题作为词义题的一种，也是常见题型之一。解这类题，要注意代词批代总的原则——就近指代：代词指代在性(阴性或阳性)、数(单数或复数)、格(主格或宾格)、逻辑、意义、位置等方面与之接近的名词。就位置而言，如上所述，代词所指代的名词通常在本句或其上句之中；就数而言，单数代词指代单数名词，复数代词指代复数名词：

◆性、数:Max pulled bill’s trousers,as if (E) he was trying to pull him along. 划线部分E在文中指代的是_____________

◆数(单数)：it 指代单数名词(单数可数名词或不可数名词)，也可指代一个句子； It also says that the idea that we need less sleep as we get older is completely untrue(D)??People have no idea how important sleep is to their lives，‖Dr Thomas Roth，director of the Foundation says．―Good health needs good sleep‘‘

―But not too much of (E) it，‖says Professor Jim Home of Loughborough University． 划线部分E在文中指代的是_____________

The next day a picture of a black horse was on the door of the bar instead of (E) that of

the white horse.

划线部分E在文中指代的是_____________

◆they指代复数名词主格；

We hope that green buildings will become common in the future, because (E) they are good for the environment.

划线部分E在文中指代的是_____________ ◆them指代复数名词宾格；

They also gave us signs with numbers on( C) them for competitions during the show. 划线部分C在文中指代的是_____________ ◆one指代单可数名词等。

Mr. Zhang gave me a very valuable present, one ( =a present ) that I have never seen. Mr. Zhang gave me many valuable presents, ones (=many presents ) that I have never seen. 除了位置、性、数和格等方面的要求外，逻辑和意义也是衡量的标准，也就是说，正确的答案应该从意义(主要指语法搭配)上和逻辑(主要指思想内容)上而言都通顺。

since, for, because, as表原因的用法区别：

because：表示直接的原因或理由。用于回答Why的问题。because与so不能同时并列使用。 since：表示对方已知的，无须加以说明的既成事实的理由。译为―既然‖。 as：表示十分明显的原因，一般说明因果关系。

for：常出现在并列句中，不说明主句行为的直接原因，只提供补充说明，且不可位于句首。 ◆ you can't answer the question, I'll ask someone else. = you can't answer the question, I'll ask someone else. = you can't answer the question, I'll ask someone else.

= you can't answer the question, I'll ask someone else. ◆_______ you are leaving tomorrow, we can eat dinner together tonight. A. For

B. Since

C. When

D. while

◆It must be morning， the birds are singing.

◆We couldn't go out you can't answer the question, I'll ask someone else.

when，while与as的用法：

均可表示―当……的时候‖，但有区别：

when：既可接表示动作性或短暂性的动词，也可接表示状态的动词，不强调主从句谓

语动作同时发生。有时还有―这时‖的意思。

while：常接持续性的动词，强调主从句谓语动作同时发生，常用进行时。有时还有对

比意义，意为―然而‖。

as：强调同时发生或伴随进行。常用一般现在时或过去时，意为―一边……一边……‖。

有时还有―随着‖含义。

◆I do every single bit of housework _______ my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then.

A. since

B. while C. when D. as

before after since ?It was 3 years ______ he came back. ?It was 3 years ago ______ he came back. ?It is 3 years ______ he came back.

◆The show was an hour long but we had to arrive at the studio two hours (A) the show started。 在文中A的空白处各填入一个适当的单词：________

◆The next moment, (F) she had time to realize what was happening, she was hit over the head. 在文中F的空白处各填入一个适当的单词：________

◆Operation Smile also trains doctors in developing countries So that they can continue to help children even(E)______ the Operation Smile team has left the country． 在文中E的空白处各填入一个适当的单词：________

as(/like)/when although/though/but/however because/for if unless ◆The trouble is that our atmosphere is changing (C)_______ we are polluting it with chemicals—in the form of gases—and it is keeping in too much heat! 在（C）处填入适当的词语____________

◆He found it very difficult to read, (C)_______ his eyesight was beginning to fail. 在（C）处填入适当的词语____________

◆Peter was so excited(A) _____he received an invitation from his friend to visit Chongqing. 在文中A的空白处各填入一个适当的单词：________

◆The earth goes around the sun just (E) _____ the moon goes around the earth. 在文中E的空白处各填入一个适当的单词：________

◆As a result, European automakers used to make a wider variety of compact cars while American automakers used to build bigger, heavier cars. (B)_____ , these days, automakers in both America and Europe produce cars of different sizes. This is because most automakers export their cars all over the world.

在（B）处填入适当的单词：________

most most of the +n.(pl)/pron. the majority of (the) mostly: 主要地（状）

◆Americans love to try something new___because they believe that the newer may be the better. A. mostly B. hardly C. nearly D. almost ◆---Did you enjoy the movie last night? ---Yes, I didn‘t expect it ______ wonderful. A. more

B. as

C. most

D. much

◆---The temperature today is 10℃ below zero.

---Oh, it‘s ____cold.

A. the most B. the more

C. most D. much more

a number of / the number of “数量”不同: ◆A number of foreign scientists come to visit China since 1998. A. has B. are C. have D. will ◆The number of the students in our class 45. A. is B. are C. has D. have

much too+adj/adv(原级) too much+n.(u.) too many+n.(pl.)

A. too much long B. much too long C. long too much D. too long much

◆It‘s high time you had your hair cut ; it‘s getting .

protect…(from) doing sth prevent/stop…(from) doing sth keep…from doing keep…doing ◆Wearing dark glasses can _______ your eyes from the sun. A. care B. prevent C. defend D. protect

◆He made up his mind to devote his life ___________pollution________ happily. A. to prevent, to live B. to prevent, from living C. to preventing, to live D. to preventing, from living

live: 活着，有生命的(作定语，主要用来指鸟或其他动物)，实况直播的 lively: 活泼的，有生气的，生动的 alive: 活着的，还有气儿的，是表语形容词，在句中作表语或后置定语 living: 活着，健在的，现行的 ◆The hunter said he was lucky to get out of the forest____. A. living

B. alive

C. lively

D. live

主+be +adj. +to do: 不定式一般用主动式，与主语存在逻辑上的动宾关系，所以当不定式的动词是不及物动词时，则应在其后加上适当的介词。

主+be +adj. +to do= It be +adj.+ (for/of sb) +to do sth ◆This question is difficult to answer.

= is difficult answer the question. ◆The man is hard to work with.

= is hard to work the man. turn+adj: 常表示从某种状态向其他状态变化的自然现象 The weather has turned much colder.

go+adj: 常表示由好变坏的情况：The milk went wrong/bad. become+adj: 强调施动者的作用或变化的结果 Please don‘t get angry.

come+adj: 一般表示向好的方面变化。 My dream has come true. ◆Happy birthday, Alice! So you have twenty-one already! A. become B. turned C. grown D. passed

◆On hearing the news of the accident in the local mine, she ________ pale. A. got B. changed C. went D. appeared ◆At last he ___ worker.

A. became B. turned C. changed D. grew

sth：与…一致/符合 sb：同意某人 with one‘s idea/opinion 同意某人的意见 what sb said (观点，所说的话) to on‘s plan/ suggestion agree 同意某人的计划、安排、意见 about/on/upon sth同意做某事 to do sth that-clause

◆The manager has ________ to improve the working conditions in the company. A. accepted B. allowed C. permitted D. agreed

◆Some teachers couldn‘t agree ____the spring outing, but all the students agreed ____ the plan. A. with; with B. on; to C. to; with D. about; on

to do specially+ for-phrase especially ◆It‘s always difficult being in a foreign country, _____ if you don‘t speak the language. A. terribly B. naturally C.specially D. especially

late：晚，迟，不久前 lately=recently：近来 last：最后，最后的 latest：最近的，最新的 later：后来；结构常为：一段时间＋later：过了?之后 ◆– I have seen so little of Mike_____. Is he away on business? -- Oh, no. He just leaves for his office and comes very_____.

A. later; lately B. later; later C. lately; late D. late; lately ◆In Britain, the best season of the year is probably _____ spring.

A. later

B. last C. latter D. late

have/make/let/see/watch/listen to get sb to do sth

have+宾+宾补(to do/to be done)

A. do B. make C. give D. have

+宾+宾补(do/doing/done)

◆Will you __ me the favour to put on the coat? ◆They ___ him working all day long.

A. had B. made C. forced D. obliged ◆Go and join in the party. ________ it to me to do the washing-up. A. Get B. Remain C. Leave D. Send

◆I love to go to the seaside in summer. It ______ good to lie in the sun or swim in the cool sea. A. does B. feels C. gets D. makes ◆—When shall we start?

—Let ________ it 8:30. Is that all right?

A. set B. meet C. make D. take n.

doing/to do sth sb to do sth prefer+ sth to sth doing A to doing B to do A rather than do sth that sb (should) do sth

◆Does this meal cost $50? I ______ something far better than this! A. prefer B. expect C. suggest D. suppose ◆He _____ live in the country than in the city.

A. prefers to B. likes to C. had better D. would rather

分词的基本特征：

A) 现在分词 主动的，表进行的，表特征的．

◆The long and tiring talk, filled with arguments and quarrels, ended in disorder, _____ no agreement at all. A. arriving

B. arrived at

C. reaching

D. and getting to

◆Many students _____ around, I explained the story into details. A. stood

B. standing

C. to stand

D. were standing

◆Bill suggested _____ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation. A. having held B. to hold C. holding D. hold ◆—Robert is indeed a wise man.

—Oh, yes. How often I have regretted ______ his advice!

A. to take B. taking C. not to take D. not taking

◆Peter received a letter just now ________ his grandma would come to see him soon. A．said B．says C．saying B) 过去分词 被动的，表完成的，表状态的．

◆______ by a greater demand of vegetables, farmers have built more green houses. A. Driven B. Being driven C. To drive D. Having driven

◆The flowers his friend gave him will die unless ________ every day. A. watered B. watering C. water D. to water

◆Please remain _________ until the plane has come to a complete stop. A. to seat B. to be seated C.seating D. seated 不是任何动词都可以用于过去分词(只有及物动词才可以用作过去分词.)： ◆The photo____ on the wall was taken in Beijing last year. A. hang

B. hanging C. hung

D. hanged

D．to say

◆In order not to be disturbed, I spent three hours _______ in my study.

A. locking B. locked C. to lock D. to be locked 现在分词作表语与过去分词作表语的区别： ◆The film was very interesting.

◆I‘m interested in reading novels written by Jin Yong. 如何使用分词作定语，状语，宾补: 定语:

The girl reading over there (The girl who was reading over there) soon fell asleep. The broken window (The window which was broken) will be replaced soon. The books bought yesterday ( which were bought yesterday) are of high quality. 分词作定语时应该注意的问题．(missing , lost ; remaining ,left等) 状语:

Scolded ( As she was scolded) by the teacher, the girl sat there without lifting her head. Having been kept (As he had been kept) in prison for many years, he went mad. The old man passed away, leaving a lot of debts unpaid. Having finished (After he had finished) his exercises, he went to play basketball. 宾补:see / hear / feel / notice / have / catch / leave / set / send…. sb. doing sth: have something done / get something done / make

The salesman caught the thief stealing in the shop. oneself done ….等句型中。 Yesterday he had his watch fixed at the watch-maker‘s.

动名词 能用动名词作宾语的的动词：consider can't help can't stand enjoy excuse escape practise put off miss mind avoid risk give up finish imagine keep suggest ◆He has few friends and never mind ______ alone, playing by himself. A. leaving A. say

B. having

C. to be left

D. being left D. to have said

◆We can hardly imagine Peter _____ such rude words to you.

B. to say C. saying

◆All the staff in our company are considering to the city centre for the fashion show. A．to go B．going C．to have gone D．having gone 口诀：memepscarfi: 音译成：妹妹不吃咖啡。

这里每个字母代表一个或几个单词：m-miss e-enjoy ; m-mind ;e-escape; p- practise; s- suggest / stand; c- consider / complete; a-admit / allow /advise / appreciate / avoid; r- risk; f- finish ; i- imagine，常用的词都列在里面了。

用动名词作宾语．而用不定式作宾补的动词：advise ◆—Can I smoke here?

—Sorry. We don‘t allow ______ here. (1) —Sorry. We don‘t allow you _____ here. (2) A. people smoking

B. people smoke C. to smoke D. smoking

agree go on \八大金刚:\remember forget stop mean try regret ◆——Let me tell you something about my Chinese teacher. —— I remember _____ about her yesterday. A. telling

need , demand, want, require 表示“需要”的用法: ◆The old lady needed ___ as she was in her 80s. A. to look after

状语中的动名词:

The old man passed away, leaving a lot of debts unpaid. Having finished (After he had finished) his exercises, he went to play basketball.

动名词的复合结构:

We like Tom‘s (Tom) singing the English song. The little boy‘s crying drew our attention.

◆Many students _____ around, I explained the story into details. A. stood 不定式:

B. standing

C. to stand

D. were standing

B. looking after C. look after

D. being looked after

B. being told

C. to tell

D. having told

allow permit encourage

不定式的基本特征：主动的，表将来的，表目的． ◆——Why are you always making me drink milk?

—— ______ enough calcium for you to grow tall and strong. A. Get

B. To get

C. Getting

D. To be getting

不定式做主语时，谓语动词怎样在人称与数方面保持一致: To build the bridge needs much money. 可以用不定式做宾语的动词：want , like , wish, hate, prefer, hope, continue, manage, try, ask, offer, start, forget, promise, mean, pretend,begin, decide, learn, agree, expect等． The child pretended to be sleeping / asleep when I came back home. ◆I‘d like my child _______ in a school of high quality. A. educating A. to sleep

B. to educate B. sleeping

C. to be educated C. being sleeping

D. being educated D. to be sleeping

◆My son pretended _______ when I came back.

可以用wh-＋不定式做宾语的动词:ask, decide, explain, forget, know, learn, remember, see, tell, show, teach, discuss, wonder, advise 等．

◆At the shopping center, he didn‘t know what ____ and ____ with an empty bag. A. to buy ; leave

不定式做宾补的注意事项：

宾补： He asked me to do work with him. 主补： She was often heard to sing the song while doing housework. ◆The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang, who was reported ______ the world record in the 110-meter hurdle race.

A. breaking B. having broken C. to have broken D. break

不定式作定语时应注意的事项： A)不定式的主动式或被动式的选择． B)与被修饰词的逻辑关系．

The bridge built last year (which was built last year) is very beautiful.

The bridge to be built next month (which will be built next month) will be very long. The bridge being built (which is being built) will be completed next month. ◆―Things _________ never come again!‖ I couldn‘t help talking to myself. A. lost B. losing C. to lose D. have lost ◆—Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.

—Sorry. With so much work my mind, I almost break down. A.filled

B.filling

C.to fill

D.being filled

B. to be bought ; left C. to buy ; left D. was to buy ; leave

◆If there is a lot of work ___, I'm happy to just keep on until it is finished.

A. to do B. to be doing C. done D. doing

◆It is one of the funniest things ______ on the Internet so far this year. A. finding B. being found C. to find D. found

不定式作状语:

A) in order to so as to (表目的)

B) be glad to do sth. (表原因， 注意该句型的形容词)

◆Now that we‘ve discussed out problem, are people happy with the decisions ? A. taking

B. take

C. taken

D. to take

C)only to do sth. (表结果， 多数有only在前．)

◆He went to bed _____ . The next morning he woke up only ____ himself lying on the floor. A. drinking ; to find B. drunk ; to find C. being drunk ; finding D. to drink ; finding

辨析：calm指无风浪或人的心情平静 adj.镇静的，沉着的 vt.使平静；使安静 quiet指没有声音，不吵闹 still指没有运动或动作的状态 silent指不作声，不讲话

◆ It was a _____ evening and I really had a good sleep. A. calm A. calm

injure v.受伤，伤害 injured adj.受伤的 injury n.伤口，受伤处 hurt (身体部位)感到疼；（肉体或精神上）受到伤害 wound受伤（枪伤/刀伤）等 In the battle, soldiers were wounded and some were even killed. harm意指无形伤害，“对??有害”Reading in the sun harms your eyes. damage主要用于无生命的东西，常指对价值和功能的损坏，可修复。damages赔偿费 destroy意为“毁坏，消灭”，指不可修复的破坏。

◆Although the city had been attacked by the storm several times, _____________was done. A. a few damages B. few destroy C. little hurt D. little damage ◆After the big fire, the house was completely____. A. ruined

B. destroyed C. damaged D. spoiled

◆The workmen made so much _____ that Tom had to spend three days cleaning up afterwards. A. trouble B. damage C. mess D. nuisance ◆He got ___ in the battle.

A. hurt B. harmed C. injured D. wounded

scene 指某一处的自然风光 n. 现场，情景，景色，发生地点，（戏剧）一场

B. silent C. quiet B. silent

C. quiet

D. safe and sound D. still

◆ In an emergency, you should remain _____.

behind the scenes在后台 make a scene吵架，（当众）大吵大闹 scenery （总称）自然景物，天然风光，是由多个scenes构成的自然风景。 Guilin is famous for its beautiful scenery. sight 景象，风景，名胜，侧重值得看的事物或很难看的东西；很可笑的事物 What a sight she looks in that old dress!她穿那件旧衣服看来是多么可笑。 view 景色，风景，侧重从人所处的角度以眼所看到的景色。 You can get a wonderful view at the top of the tower.

◆The book is reading 这本书值得读。 ◆Don‘t worry a lot me 不要为我过多担心。 = ◆He was worried.

◆English is spoken all over the world.全世界都说英语。

◆I can finish the work two days. 我可以在两天内完成这项工作。 ◆It is wise of you to stay at home. 你待在家里真明智。名词：wisdom

= = =

◆She is to share happiness with friends.她乐意与朋友分享快乐。 ◆I like food. 我喜欢西式食物。名词:west eastern /southern /northern ◆She is a well-known actress. 她是著名的女演员。

◆The baby 4 kilos 这个宝宝重4公斤。名词：

◆He goes back home once a week. 每一周的 每日的 每月的 ◆辨析：wear vt. 戴，穿 强调穿的状态 put on 强调穿的动作

dress sb 某人穿衣服 in是介词

She is a pair of jeans today. 她今天穿了一条牛仔裤。 She a smile on her face. 她面带微笑。

Please warm clothes, it is cold outside. 穿上暖和的衣服，外面很冷。 The little boy can himself. 那个小男孩可以自己穿衣服了。

◆On my school I found a wallet.在我去学校的路上我发现一个钱包。 ◆ this way you can work out the problem.用这种方法你可以做出这个题。 = this means = with this ◆顺便问一下 , where is Tom?

◆We can‘ t live . 没有水和空气我们不能生存。

◆Parents us swim in the river. 父母亲警告我们不要在河里游泳。 ◆The weather is becoming . 天气变得越来越暖和。 ◆I found a wallet on the ground 我发现地上有个钱包。 ◆I like to .我喜欢遛狗。

◆My father after supper.晚饭后爸爸出去散步. ◆Every morning mother me .每天早上妈妈把我叫醒。 ◆ is good for our health.多吃蔬菜对我们身体有好处。 ◆There are various designs for you to choose from.有各种各样的款式让你挑选。

◆Your advice will be of great value to me.你的建议对我具有重大价值。 = Your advice will be me.

◆ they sat under the big tree.象往常一样，他们坐在大树下。 ◆她过去住在乡下，现在她习惯住在城里了。

She live in the country.Now she living in the city.

the 100-metre race 100米赛跑 100-metre作定语，修饰race, 注意metre用单数。 类似结构：

①a two-thousand-word letter一封两千字的信 ②an 18-year-old girl一位18岁的女孩 另外有时还可用所有格形式来表达：

100-metre race = 100 metres‘ race / two-month holiday = two months‘ holiday 但当前面有a/ an ; 物主代词；所有格时。则只能用复合形容词来表示： ◆What did the headmaster say about Jim‘s ______.

A.two months holiday B.Two months‘ holiday C.two-month holiday D. two moth‘s holiday

have / has been to: 曾经去过? have / has gone to: 已经去了? have / has been in: 已在?(多久)

注意：1)后接地点副词here, there , home时应省介词 2)与时间段连用只用have /has been in ① --Where‘s Tom?

--He ______________ Beijing. ② I ______ Beijing several times. ③ She ________ Chengdu for two years. ④ He __________ there twice.

◆Tom picked up the ball and passed it to Alice. =

◆It was too dark there, and I couldn‘t even pick out my parents. = ◆Will you help me pick strawberries? =

◆All the people to elect him our chairman.所有的人都同意推举他为我们的主席。 =All the people agreed to him our chairman.

◆When shall we set in? = ◆He are supposed to carry out the plan.

= =

2010牛津初中英语重点词汇例句

温馨提示：

教师要提醒学生重视9B评价手册上《牛津初中英语》词汇表，重点是四会单词，这些单词是中考考查范围。

教师要提醒学生对于这些四会单词不仅要熟记，还要注意他们在句子里的使用，掌握这些四会单词形式变化。

中考单词拼写只考这些四会单词，同学们要引起充分重视。 对于这些单词要一个一个过关，每背完一个删掉一个。

A

a bit 有点儿 a bit of 后跟名词 a bit of housework

I feel a bit / a lonely from time to time 我偶尔因为感到有点儿孤独。 a little 有点儿，（比…）稍微…可修饰比较级

It‘s 10 a.m.. I feel a little hungry.上午10点了，我感到有点饿。

Lily is 1.65 metres tall. I am 1.63 metres tall. Lily is a little taller than I. Lily1.65米高。我1.63米高。Lily比我高一点。 2、ability n. 能力 be able to do

Different people have different abilities. Find out more about his abilities.

不同的人有不同的能力。 3、above prep. 在…的上面

Wilson lives two floors above Wendy.Wilson住在Wendy楼上两层。 below prep. 在…的下面

Mary lives six floors below Wendy. Mary住在Wendy楼下6层。 over prep. 在…的上方

There is a bridge over the river.有一座桥横跨这条河。 under prep. 在…的下方

There is a bike under the tree.有一辆自行车在树下。 on prep. 在…的上面 o

There is a book on the desk.桌上有一本书。 4、abroad adv. 在国外，到国外

I‘m planning to travel abroad in this coming summer holidays.

我计划在即将到来的暑假里去国外旅行。 5、accept vt. 接受 辨析：receive 收到

Do you accept what he told you?你能接受他所告诉你的事吗？ 6、accident n. 事故，意外的事

The car accident killed three men yesterday.昨天，三个人在这场车祸中丧生。

7、achieve vt. 获得 achieve a balance between…and… 在…和…之间获得平衡

I don‘t know how to achieve a balance between my schoolwork and my hobbies.Can you give

me some advice?

我不知道怎样在学习和爱好两者之间取得平衡。你能给我一些建议吗？ 8、across prep. 穿过 go across the road/ bridge/street/field Go across the road and walk on,you‘ll see the bookshop.

穿过这条马路继续走，你就看到那个书店。 cross vt. 穿过

Cross the road and you‘ll see the museum. 穿过这条马路，你就看到那个博物馆。 crossroads n. 十字路口

through prep. 穿过，通过 go through the forest/tunnel 穿过森林/隧道

They put candles in them so the light shines through the eyes,the nose and the teeth.

他们把蜡烛放在里面，这样光线就会透过眼睛、鼻子和牙齿照出来。 The sun is shining through the window.阳光透过窗户照进来。 9、action n. 行动 take action(s) 采取行动

We can take the following actions to protect giant pandas.

你可以采取以下行动来保护大熊猫。

If we do not take action,there will be no bears in the world.

如果我们不采取行动，世界上就没有熊了。

10、active adj. 积极的，活跃的 反义词：inactive You are energetic and active,but sometimes too impatient.

你精力充沛、活泼，但有时你太没有耐心了。 take an active part in 积极参加 actively adv. 积极地，活跃地

We hope this information will help them understand and make them actively take action to

protect wildlife.

我希望这个信息将帮助他们理解并且使他们积极地采取行动来保护野生动物。 11、activity n. 活动 after-school/outdoor/indoor activities 课外/户外/室内活动 We do after-school activities every afternoon.我们每天下午进行室内活动。 12、advantage n. 优势，长处 disadvantage n. 劣势，缺点，不利条件

Living in the country has advantages and disadvantages.住在农村既有优势也有劣势。 13、advise vt. 建议，劝告 advise sb.to do sth. 建议某人做某事 Our English teacher advises us to speak English as much as possible.

我们英语教师建议我们尽可能多说英语。 advice n. （U） 建议，劝告，忠告 give sb. some advice 给某人提一些建议

I don‘t know how to learn English well.I hope you can give me some advice.

我不知道怎样学好英语。我希望你可以给我一些建议。 suggestion n. (C) 建议 offer sb. some suggestions Can you offer me some suggestions?

14、affect vt. 影响 affect our moods 影响我们的心情

Do you know that colours can affect our moods?你知道颜色能影响我们情绪吗？ effect n. 影响，作用 have a good/bad effect on sb. 对某人有好的/坏的影响 15、afford vt./ vi. 买的起，能做 afford sth. 买的起 afford to do sth. 有能力做某事 We can‘t afford to pay such a price.我们没有能力承担这样的价格。

The car is too expensive. I can‘t afford it/I can‘t afford to buy it.这辆太贵了， 我买不起。 16、afraid adj. 担心，害怕，恐怕

be afraid /be afraid of sth./doing/be afraid to do sth./be afraid that I have a lot of homework to do. I‘m afraid (that) I can‘t go with you.

我有许多家庭作业要做，恐怕我不能和你去了。 I‘m afraid of snakes.我害怕蛇。

I‘m afraid of going out alone at night.我害怕晚上单独出去。 Don‘t be afraid to ask questions.不要害怕问问题。

frightened adj. 感到恐惧的

They heard something unusual,they felt frightened.

他们听到一些异常情况，他们感到恐惧。 17、against prep. 反对，违反，紧靠

He is wanted because he has done something against the law. 他被通缉因为他做了违法的事。

18、age n. 年龄 at the age of 在…岁时 What‘s your age?/How old are you?你多大啦？

At the age of five,she could swim.在5岁的时候，他就能游泳。

19、ago adv. 以前 two years ago 两年前 three seconds ago 三秒种前 He don‘t know what happened to them three seconds ago.

他不知道三秒种前他们发生了什么事。 before adv. 以前

I have never been to the Great Wall before.

我以前从来没有去过长城。

prep. 在…以前，在…前面

I like reading English before I go to bed.我在上床前喜欢读英文。

The train had left before I went to the station.在我到达火车站之前，火车就离开了。 He sits before/in front of me.他坐在我前面。

the day before yesterday 前天 the year before last 前年 20、agree vi. 同意，赞同

agree with sb. 同意某人的看法 agreement n. 同意，协议 反义词：disagree I agree with your parents that it is better for you to go home earlier.

我同意你父母的观点，你最好早点回家。

21、air n. 空气，大气 air pollution 空气污染

There isn‘t air or water on the moon.月球上没有空气和水。

There is less air pollution in Sunshine Town than in Moonlight Town.

阳光镇的污染比月光镇的污染要少。

v. 使通风 air the room 使房间通风

We should air the rooms every day in spring.春天，我应该每天使房间通风。 22、allow vt. 允许 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 My parents don‘t allow me to play outside after 6 p.m.

我父母不允许我下午6点之后出去玩.

23、almost adv. 几乎，差不多 nearly adv. 几乎，差不多 hardly adv.几乎不 He is very tall--- almost 1.75 metres tall.他很高，几乎有1.75米 We lost our umbrella in the wind and I nearly fell over. 大风卷走了我们的伞，我几乎跌倒。

24、alone adv./ adj. 独自，单独 be at home alone, live alone lonely adj. 孤独的，寂寞的 feel lonely

The old man lives alone,but he doesn‘t feel lonely.这个老人独自一人居住，但他不感到寂

寞。

25、along prep. 沿着 go/walk along the road get along(well) with 与…相处（融洽），在…取得（大的）进展 I get along well with all my classmates.我和我所有同学相处融洽。 26、already adv. 已经 yet adv. 还（未）常用于完成时

We have already finished our homework.我们已经做完我们家庭作业。 Have you finished your homework yet? No ,not yet.

你已经做完你的庭作业了吗？还没有。

27、although conj.虽然，尽管 不能和but连用

Although he studies hard, he can‘t catch up with others.

虽然他努力学习，但他不能赶上别人。

28、also adv. 也 , too adv. 也 , as well 也, either 也

He likes reading. I also like reading. I like reading,too.我也喜欢看书。

He is also wearing a pair of colourful trainers.他也穿了一双颜色鲜艳的运动鞋。 I want to read the book as well.我也想读这本书。

He doesn‘t like running,I don‘t,either.他不喜欢跑步，我也不喜欢。

29、among prep. 在…中间 三者或以上 between prep. 在…之间 两者 The teacher stands among the students.老师站在学生中间

There is a railway between the two cities.在这两城市间有一条铁路。

30、angry adj. 生气的，愤怒的 be /become/get angry with angrily adv. 愤怒地 His parents became angry when he made the same mistake again.

当他再次犯同样的错误时，他的父母生气了。

―What?‖the tiger said angrily. ―什么?‖老虎生气地说。

31、another adj. 另一个，别的 后跟可数名词单数 other 后加可数复数 Would you like another cup of tea?你想再要一杯茶吗？ I am going to take another route.我想走另一条路线。 one…the other…（两个中的） 一个…另一个…

The old man has two daughters.One is a worker,the other is a nurse.

这个老人有两了女儿，一个是工人，另一个是护士。 32、answer n. 答案 the answer to… …的答案

Can you tell me the answer to the question? It‘s difficult for me.

你能告诉我这个问题答案吗？这对我有点难。

v.回答 answer a question 回答问题

Can you answer the question? Yes ,I can.你能回答这个问题吗？ reply n./v. 答复，回答 reply to a question

My penfriend in the USA hasn‘t replied to my last three e-mails. 我在美国的笔友还没有回复我上次三份e-mail。 33．anyone pron. 任何人 用于疑问句和否定句 Is there anyone in the room? 房间里有人吗？

34. appearance n.出现，相貌 对应名词： appear 反义词：disappear She made her final appearance on the screen. 她最后一次出现在银幕上。

35、argue vi. 辩论，争辩 argue with sb. 和某人争辩

I love peace and do not like to argue with others.我喜欢安静不喜欢和别人争辩。 36、arrive vi. 到达 arrive at/in ,get to,reach a place 到达某地

arrive in Beijing, arrive at the station, reach the station, get to the station,

get here/there/home

arrival n. 到达 time of arrival 到达的时间 When we arrived,the film had been on for 10 minutes.

当我们到达的时候。电影已经放映10分钟了。 37、asleep adj. 睡着的 fall asleep 入睡

He was too tired, so he fell fast asleep.他太累了，很快就入睡了。 sleep vi./n. 睡觉 go to sleep , get enough sleep

After breakfast, I want to go to sleep.吃完早饭后，我想去睡觉。

I don‘t get enough sleep. I feel sleepy in class.我没有足够的睡眠，我课堂上感到想睡觉。 sleepy adj. 欲睡的，困倦的 feel sleepy 感到困倦

38、attention n. 注意，专心 pay attention to 注意

You should pay attention to your spoken English.你应该注意你的口语。 39、awake adj. 醒着的 反义词：asleep

Suzy was still awake at 12 o‘clock last night. Suzy昨晚12点仍然醒着。 40、award n. 奖，奖品，奖金 近义词：prize

the Grade 7 Most Helpful Student Award 七年级最佳乐于助人学生奖 Beijing Musuic Awards 北京音乐奖

B

1、badly adv. 拙劣地，糟糕地，严重地 比较级\\最高级 worse\\worst

Our team played badly at first but got better in the second half. 我们的队伍开始打的糟糕，但下半场打的好些。 His grandfather is badly ill.他的爷爷病得很严重 2、beauty n. 美，美丽

Walk slowly around the lake and feel the beauty of the old park. 慢慢沿着湖边散步，会感受到这个古老公园的美丽。

When Hepburn died in 1993,the world mourned the loss of a great beauty,a great actress and a great humanitarian.

当Hepburn在1993年去世的时，整个世界都在哀悼一位美女、伟大女演员和慈善家的离去。

beautiful adj. 美丽的 beautifully adv.

Our hometown is a beautiful and quiet place.我们的家乡是一个美丽而安静的地方。 3、become vi. 成为，变得 became become

I want to become a famous singer and travel around the world in the future. 我想将来成为一个著名的歌手并且周游全世界。

Nanjing is becoming more and more beautiful.南京正变得越来越漂亮。 4、begin/start vi./vt. 开始 begin/start to do sth./doing sth.

He began to learn English when he was six years old.当他6岁时就开始学英语。 beginning n. 开始，起初 began begun at the beginning of 在…开始 At the beginning of the class, we sang an English song.

在这堂课开始时，我们唱了一首英文歌。

5.between pron. 两者之间between... and among 三者或以上 He will come between 5p.m and 7p.m .他将在5点到7点之间来。

6、birth n. 出生，诞生 date of birth 出生日期 at birth 出生时 birthday 生日

Next Sunday is my twelfth birthday.下周日是我12岁的生日。

7、boring adj. 乏味的，无聊的，令人乏味的 feel bored adj. 感到无聊的 Mr Black‘s class is boring.We all feel bored in his class.

Mr Black上的课枯燥，我们在他的课上都感到乏味。

The trip to the World Park was boring. We all felt bored on the way.

去世界公园的旅行令人乏味，在路上我们都感到乏味。

8、borrow vt. （向某人）借用，借 borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物 lend vt. 借给 lend sth. to sb./lend sb.sth. 把某物借给某人 Excuse me,can I borrow a bike from you?/Can I borrow your bike?

我能借你的自行车吗？

I lent my English book to Kate yesterday. 昨天我把我的英语书借给Kate了。

keep 借多长时间

You can keep the book for 2 weeks. 这本书你可以借2周。 9、both pron./adj. 两者，双方，两者的，双方的

neither 两者都不either 两者中的 一个

Peter and I are both students. Pete和我都是学生。

Peter and I both love playing football. Pete和我都喜欢踢足球。 Both of us love playing football. Both he and I are hard-working. He knows both English and French.

all (三者或三者以上)都 none (三者或三者以上)都不 All of us are students. We are all students. 我们都是学生。 We all work hard at English. 我们都努力学英语 10.bread n.不可数名词

I am not full, I want two more pieces of bread. 我没吃饱， 我还想要两快面包。

11、breath n. 呼吸 out of breath 上气不接下气 breathe vt./vi. 呼吸 breathe heavily 呼吸急促 Daniel arrived out of breath because he missed the early bus.

Daniel上气不接下气赶到，因为他错过早班车。

A witness reported that he was breathing heavily and had blood on his shirt.

一个证人报告说他呼吸急促，衬衫上有血。 12、bridge n. 桥

There is a wooden bridge over the river. 有一座木桥横跨这条河。 go across the bridge /cross the bridge /walk over the bridge 过桥 13、bright adj. 明亮的，聪明的

My classroom is very bright.我的教室非常明亮。

He is a bright/smart/clever boy.他是一个聪明的男孩。

14、bring vt. 带来，拿来 brought take vt. 拿走 took taken Take these old chairs away,and bring the new ones here.

把这些旧椅子拿走，带一些新椅子来。

Remember to bring your homework here tomorrow.记得明天把你作业带来。 It‘s raining outside. Please take an umbrella with you when you go out. 外面正下雨。当你出去的时候，请带一把伞。

15、build vt. 建造，建筑 built building n. 建筑物，楼房

We should build more reserves for giant pandas.我们应该为大熊猫建立更多的保护区。 Most of us live in tall buildings.我们中的绝大部分住在高楼里。 16、burn vt. 烧伤，烧

The fire burned Zhang Hua‘s neck,arms,and face.火烧伤了张华的脖子、胳膊和脸。 17、busy adj. 忙的，忙碌的 be busy with /doing sth. 忙于做某事

business n. 企业，商行，工厂

The students are very busy these days.学生这些天非常忙。

They were busy with/ doing their homework at that time.他们那个时候忙于做作业。 We get lots of support from local businesses.我们从当地企业得到许多支持。 18、buy vt. 买 buy sb. sth. /buy sth. for sb. bought bought

My father bought me a new bike yesterday./ My father bought a new bike for me yesterday.我父亲昨天为我买了俩自行车。

sell vt. 卖，出售 sold sold

Hunters will make a lot of money if they sell elephants‘ tusks. 猎人通过卖象牙来赚钱。

19、by prep. 通过，靠，用（表示通过某种方式）

by bus/ bike/ plane/air/ train/ ship/sea/underground/boat by doing sth.

Now we can take an underground to the centre of Nanjing. Now we can go to the centre of Nanjing by underground. 现在我们可以乘地铁到南京市中心。 We go to school by bike every day. We ride bikes to school every day. 我们每天骑自行车上学。

She wanted to remind us that we should protect the environment by showing us the beauty of nature.

她想通过向我们展示大自然的美来提醒我们应该保护环境。

C

1. call vt.把……叫做/给命名

We call him Tom.

The boy is called Tom.这个男孩名叫Tom

There is a boy called Tom in my class.\\ Jerry is calling the police for help. 在我班上有一个名叫Tom的男孩。Jerry在打电话给警察寻求帮助。 2. calm vi.平静下来，镇静下来 adj.平静的 calm down 静下来

Some colours like blue and white make us calm and peaceful. 蓝色和白色等颜色使我们安静。

We should calm down when the earthquake happens. 当地震发生时，我们应该镇静。 3. camel n.骆驼

A camel is a useful animal. 骆驼是有用的动物。 4. camera n. 照相机/摄象机

We usually take photos with cameras.我们用照相机照相。 5. candle n.蜡烛

You can put candles into pumpkins to make lanterns. 你可以把蜡烛放在南瓜里来制作灯笼。 6. candy n.糖果

At Halloween, we can eat a lot of chocolates and candies. 在万圣节，我们吃巧克力和糖果。

7. capital n. 首都 the capital of …的首都（省会）

Washington DC is the capital of the USA.华盛顿特区是美国的首都。 Nanjing is the capital of Jiangsu.南京是江苏的省会。

8. care v. 介意，在乎 I don‘t care about money. 我不在乎钱

careful adj.小心的 Be careful with fire ,please. 请小心火。

carefully adv. 小心地，仔细地，认真地 Listen carefully in class. careless adj.粗心的

Tom is a careless boy ,he often does his homework carelessly. Tom 是一个粗心的男孩，他经常做作业粗心。 carelessly adv. 粗心地

9. carrot n.胡萝卜 Rabbits like to eat carrots.兔子喜欢吃胡萝卜。

10. carry vt.搬运，运输，携带 carry on with\\doing sth执行、进展

I want you to carry all the bags for me. 我想要你帮我搬运所有的袋子。 11. cartoon n. 卡通片，动画片

Tom and Jerry is my son‘s favorite cartoon. Tom and Jerry是我儿子最喜爱的动画片。 12. case n. 病历，案例

Some people can‘t see things ,they are blind. But most of the cases can be cured. 一些人不能看到东西，他们是盲人，但是大部分病例可以被治愈。

13. catch vt.捉住，接住，赶上；染上 caught catch up with 赶上 catch a cold 感

冒 其延续性动词：have a cold

The black cat caught a mouse yesterday evening.这只黑猫昨晚捉住一只老鼠。 14. cause vt.引起，使发生 n.原因

What causes the problem?什么导致这个问题？ 15. centre n.中心 the centre of …中心

Boys don‘t like shopping centres. They like going to the youth centre and the computer centre.

男孩不喜欢购物中心，他们喜欢去青少年中心和电脑中心。

16. century n. 世纪，百年 A century is a hundred years.一世纪是100年。 17. certain adj.确信的，无疑的 certainly当然，行

Are you certain you can deal with the problems?你确信你能处理这个问题吗？ Can you help me? Certainly . 18. chance n.机会

If we study hard ,everyone has the chance to go the college. 如果我们努力学习，每个人都有机会上大学。 19. change vt 改变，变化 n.变化

I don‘t have a good lifestyle .It‘s time for me to change now. 我没有一个好的生活方式，现在到了我改变的时间了。

There have been a lot of changes in Sunshine Town over these years. 在这几年阳光镇有了很大的改变。

20. character n.特点，性格，品质，人物

Jay Chou is the main character in the film.在这部电影里周杰伦是主角。

21. chat vi./ n.聊天，闲谈 chat with sb. 和某人聊天 chatting chatted

Peter often spends much time chatting with his friends on the Internet. Peter经常花许多时间和他的朋友在网络上聊天。 22. cheap adj.便宜的

The shirt is too expensive .Do you have a cheaper one? 这条裙子太贵了。你有更便宜的吗？ expensive/ dear adj. 昂贵的

This coat is so expensive that I can‘t afford it.这件外套太贵了，我买不起。 The price of this coat is high\\low. 23. check n.核实，查明

When we go to the cinema, there is someone checking the tickets at the entrance. 当我我们去看电影时，有人在入口处查票。

24. cheer vi.欢呼，喝彩 cheerful adj.令人快乐的，快乐的

I cheered up for our team.我为我们队伍欢呼加油。 He is a cheerful boy.他是个令人快乐的男孩。

25. child n.孩子 Children‘s Day儿童节

I‘m the second child of my family.我在我家排行老二。

26. chip n. 薯条 How many chips do you want to have?你想要多少薯条？ 27. choice n.选择

Now I know hwo to make my choice.现在我知道作出我的选择。

choose vt.选择 There are many clothes for dancers to choose from. 有许多衣服让舞蹈者来挑选。choose sb to do sth

28. Christmas n.圣诞节 at Christmas/ on Christmas Day 在圣诞节

Christmas is a very important festival in the West. 圣诞节是西方一个非常重要的节日。 29. cinema n.电影院 go to the cinema 去电影院

Tomorrow is Sunday .Would you like to go to the cinema with me ? 明天是星期天，你想和我去电影院吗？

30. city n.城市 adj.城市的 Nanjing is the capital city of Jiangsu.南京是江苏的

省会。

31. clap vt. 鼓掌 clapping clapped

The children all clapped and screamed with joy when they saw their favorite characters in Disneyland.

孩子们都高兴地鼓掌尖叫当他们在迪斯尼乐园看到他们最喜爱的人物。 32. clean adj.干净的 v. 打扫

Mike‘s bedroom looks as clean as new. Mike的卧室和新的一样新。 We clean our classroom every morning. 我们每天早上打扫我们的教室。

clearly adv 清楚地 I can not see the blackboard clearly, I need to wear glasses. 我不能清楚地看到黑板，我需要戴眼镜。

33. clever adj.聪明的，伶俐的 be clever\\bright at 在……很聪明 Tom is clever at math. Tom数学很好。

34. climb vt.爬，攀登 climber攀登者

Madee usually climbs a ladder to get into her house. Madee 通常要爬梯子进入他的房子。 35. clone vt./n.克隆

David is very interested in Dolly, the first cloned sheep. David对第一只克隆绵羊非常感兴趣。

36. cloud n.云 cloudy adj.多云的

It‘s sunny today. There is no cloud in the sky.今天是晴天，天空中没有云。 What‘s the weather like today? It‘s cloudy.今天天气怎样啊？多云。 37. coach n.客车，教练

We ran to the park as soon as we got off the coach.我一从下车就朝公园跑去。 38. coin n.硬币

Mr Zhang‘s five-year-old son spread the coins all over the floor.It made him very angry. 张先生5岁的儿子把硬币撒满了地板，这使得他很生气。

39. collect vt. 收集 Do you like collecting stamps?你喜欢集邮吗？ 40. college n.大学，学院 We haven‘t met since we graduated from college.自从我们大学毕

业后，我们没有见过面。

41. come on 来吧，快点，得了吧

Come on ,we have no time . 快点，我们没有时间了。

42. come out 出版，发行，发表，出来 come out of 从……中出来

A new educational CD-ROM called ― Around the World in Eight Hours‖ has just come out.一

个名叫八小时环游世界的教育光盘刚刚出来。

43. comfortable adj.舒适的，舒服的 uncomfortable 不舒适的 Cotton clothes are very comfortable to wear.棉制的衣服穿起来很舒适。 44. communication n.交流，交际

Many teenagers usually have no communication with their family members. 许多青少年通常不和他们父母交流。 45. compare vt./vi.比较

Compared with Tom, Kate works harder at school.和Tom相比，Kate学习更认真。 46. complete vt.完成

I‘m a Grade 9 student now. I often stay up late to complete my homework. 我现在是九年级学生了，我经常熬夜去完成家庭作业。 47. concert n.音乐会 give a concert举行音乐会

If you send text messages to 1396, you could win two free concert tickets. 如果你发送信息到1396，你就可以得到2张免费的音乐会门票。 48. conference n.会议

The conference has been over for 10 minutes,这个会议已经结束10分钟了。

49. connect vt.连接 connect…to/with… 把…和…连接 be connected to/with

被连接到…

You can connect the printer to the computer.你可以把打印机连接到电脑上。 50. consider vt.认为，考虑

Gong Li is considered as a great actress.巩俐被认为是一位伟大的女演员。

51. control vt.控制，支配 under the control of 在… 控制下 out of control 失去控

制

The car was out of control and it hit a big tree last night. 昨晚，这辆小汽车失去控制，撞上一棵大树。 52. cook vt. 烹饪，煮 n.厨师 cooking n.

I like cooking delicious food.So I want to be a cook when I grow up. 我喜欢烹饪美味的食物。因此当我长大我想成为一名厨师。 53. cool adj.酷，凉爽

The boy looks cool in the new jacket.这个小男孩穿这件夹克看上去酷。 It‘s cool in autumn.秋天凉爽。

54. copy n.一本副本 vt.抄写，复制，复印 ,抄袭

If you go to the car show ,you will get a copy of the car magazine. 如果你去车展，你将得到一本汽车杂志。

The teacher asks us to do our homework by ourselves and not to copy others‘.老师叫我们自己做作业，不要抄别人的。

55. corner n.角落，拐角 at/in the corner of…在……的拐角

There is a bookshop at the corner of the street.在街的拐角处有一家书店。 56. cost vt. 值 （多少钱，花费/vi费用，价格

sth costs sb money某物花费某人多少钱 / It costs sb money to do sth花费某人钱去做某事 pay for/spend …(in)doing sth/on sth.

The book cost me ten yuan. It cost me ten yuan to buy the book. I spent ten yuan on/buying /in buying the book.

I paid ten yuan for the book.我花了10元买了这本书。

57. cotton n.棉，棉花，棉布 silk丝 wool羊毛 fur皮毛

The T-shirt is made of cotton. 这个T恤是棉制的。

The T-shirts made of cotton are very comfortable. 这个棉制的T恤非常舒适。 58. count vt.数，点数

The 2-year-old boy is very bright.He can count from 1 to 100. 这个2岁的 男孩非常聪明，他能从1数到100. 59. discount n.打折，折扣

There is a discount on last year‘s Christmas cards. 去年的圣诞卡片打折。

60. country adj./n.国家乡村（的） country park 乡村公园

Our country is becoming stronger and stronger. 我们国家正变得越来越强大。 countryside n.乡村,农村

There is less air pollution in the countryside than in the city.农村的污染比城市小。 61. courage n.勇气

I failed in the English test. I have no courage to tell my parents about it. 英语考试失败了，我没有勇气告诉我父母亲。 encourage sb to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事

We should encourage farmers to leave the giant panda reserves. 我们应该鼓励农民离开大熊猫保护区。

62. course n.课程 of course 当然，可以

Daily English is a new English course from America. 每日英语是来自美国一个新的英语教学课程。

63. cover vt覆盖，包括，报道 be covered with …被……覆盖 be covered live直播

It snowed heavily in February in2008,everything was covered with heavy snow. 2008年2月份雪下的很大，万物都被雪覆盖。

This year‘s Beijing Music Awards will be covered live. 今年北京音乐颁奖仪式将现场直播。

64.crazy adj.着迷的，狂热的 be crazy about… 痴迷于……

Tom is crazy about football.When he can‘t find a football, he often kicks a stone or a can. Tom对足球狂热，当他找不到足球的时候，他就经常踢 65.create vt. 创建

Thomas Edision created a lab to do the experiments. 爱迪生创建了一个实验室来做实验。 对应形容词：creative a creative leader 一个有创造力的领导. 66.crowded adj.拥挤的 be crowded with…被……拥挤

The earth is becoming more and more crowded and polluted ,maybe we can move to the Mars one day.地球变得越来越拥挤，污染越来越严重，或许将来我们要移到火星上。 67.cruel adj.残酷的，冷酷的

The cruel man killed a boy with a gun.这个冷酷的用枪杀了一个男孩。 68.cry vi.哭喊

The little girl lost her way and cried on the street. 这个小女孩迷路了，在街上哭。 69.cup n.奖杯

The World Cup is held every four years.世界杯每4年举办一次。 70.cure vt.治愈

Many cases of blindness can be cured.许多失明的病例可以被治愈

D

1. daily adj. 日常的，每日的 weekly 每一周的 everyday adj.日常的

China daily is a very popular English newspaper in China.

中国日报是一份在中国非常受欢迎的英文报纸。

2. danger n. 危险 dangerous adj. 危险的 in danger 处于危险中 out of danger

脱离危险 in safety safe adj.安全的 endangered 濒临灭绝的

It is dangerous to play with fire. 玩火危险。 When people are in danger, we should help them .当人们处于危险的时候，我们应该帮助他们。

3. dark adj. 深色的，黑色的 brown 棕色的 blonde 金色的

Chinese people have dark hair.中国人有黑色的头发。 4. date n. 日期

What is the date today?今天是几月几日？

5. day n. （一）天（一）日

What a fine day!真好的一天！

There are seven days in a week.一周有７天。

6. daylight n 日光，白昼 in the daytime 在白天 7. deal vi. 处理，应付 deal with/ do with

I don‘t know how to deal with the matter.

I don‘t know what to do with the matter. 我不知道如何处理这件事。

8. death n. 死，死亡 die v. 死亡 dead adj. 死亡的 lose one‘s life 丧命，死

亡

My dog died two days ago.我的狗２天前死了。

My dog has been dead for two days. 我的狗死了有２天了。

The death of my little dog made me very sad.我小狗的死使我很伤心。 9. December n 十二月

December 25th is Christmas Day.１２月２５日是圣诞节。

10. decide vt./vi. 决定 decide to do sth 决定做某事

decision n. 决定 make a decision 作决定

I have decided to go to Hainan for a holiday.我决定去海南度假。

Wearing red can help you when you are having difficulty making a decision. 当你很难做决定时，穿红色可以帮助你。

11. deep adj.深的，深厚的 adv 深深的，在深处

The river is not deep, you can walk through it.这条河不深，你可以走过去。 12. develop vt./vi 开发，发展 developed country 发达国家 developing country

发展中国家 development n 发展

The scientists are developing a kind of plant to grow on Mars. 科学家正在培育一种可以在火星上种植的植物。

13. devote vt.献身于，致力于 devote… to doing sth 致力于做某事 Audrey Hephurn devoted much of her time to charity.

Audrey Hephurn把她大部分时间花在慈善事业上。 14. diary n 日记 keep a diary 记日记

Keeping diaries is a good habit. 记日记是一个好习惯。 15. dictionary n. 字典

Yesterday Lily bought an English-Chinese dictionary.昨天Lily买了一本英汉字典。 16. difference n. 差异，不同 different adj. be different from 与…不同

The weather in Beijing is very different from that in Nanjing. 北京的气候和南京的不同。

Lily and Lucy are twin sisters, it is not easy to tell the differences between them. Lily和Lucy是双胞胎姐妹。不容易分清她们俩不同点。

17. difficult adj. 困难的 difficulty n 困难 hard adj. 困难 have difficulty

doing sth 在做某事方面有困难

It is difficult to work out the math problem.算出这个数学问题不容易。 18. dinner n 正餐，宴会

I often have dinner at my grandparents‘ home.我经常在我爷爷奶奶家吃晚饭。

19. direction n. 方向 in all directions 各个方向

The robbers ran away in all directions when the policemen appeared. 当警察出现的时候，劫匪四处逃散。

20. director n. 导演 direct vt. 执导

Zhang Yimou is a famous Chinese director. 张艺谟是一位著名的导演。

21. dirty adj. 脏的 clean 干净的（反义词）

The boy is so dirty that nobody wants to play with him. 这个男孩如此脏以至于没有人想和他玩。

22. disappear vi.消失 appear 出现（反义词） appearance n.出现，外貌

Tigers are disappearing faster than pandas.老虎灭绝的速度比熊猫快。

23. discover vt. 发现，发觉

Let‘s discover how the power of colour can change your moods! 让我们发现颜色的力量是怎样改变我们的情绪。

24. discussion n.讨论 discuss vt. 讨论

The programme will start with a discussion about the animals. 这个节目以一个有关动物的讨论开始。

They are discussing about the problem with the teachers. 他们正在和老师讨论这个问题。

25. dislike vt. 不喜欢，讨厌，厌恶n. 厌恶的对象 hate 憎恨

Millie dislikes bananas. She eats very few of them. Millie不喜欢香蕉，她很少吃香蕉。

26. disturb vt. 打扰，扰乱

My cousin always makes a lot of noise and disturbs me when I‘m studying. 当我在学习的时候，我的表弟总是发出噪音打扰我。

27. divide vi./vt. 划分 divide…into… 把…分成… be divided into… …被分成…

A year is divided into four seasons.一年分为四个季节。 28. doubt vt./n. 怀疑

I often doubt whether it is worth working so hard. 我经常怀疑如此努力工作是否值得。

29. down adv.向下 prep.沿…而下 put down 放下 take down 取下 lie down

躺下 calm down 平静下来

Go down/along the road ,you will find the post office at the end of it. 沿着这条路走，你会在路的尽头找到那个邮局。

30. drawing n. 绘画

He is good at drawing .He can draw very well.他擅长绘画，他可以画地很好。

31. dream adj. 梦想的 n.梦 vt. 做梦，梦见 in the dream 在梦中 dream about 梦见

Many students dream of becoming singers in the future.许多学生梦想未来成为歌手。 He had a very strange dream last night.他昨晚做了一个奇怪的梦。

32. dress vt.给…穿衣服 n.服装 dress up as 装扮成 辨析： dress sb 给某人穿衣

服 wear 穿着，表状态 put on穿上，强调动作 Hobo is dressing up as a ghost. Hobo装扮成鬼。

The boy is old enough to dress himself.这个男孩足够大，可以自己穿衣服了。

33. drink n.饮料，喝 vt./vi. 喝酒 soft drinks 软饮料 drank drunk

He likes to drink soft drinks.他喜欢喝软饮料。

34. drive vi./vt 驾驶 drive to 开车去 drove driven

He likes driving cars, so he went to the driving lessons last year. 他喜欢驾驶，所以他去年上驾驶课。 My father drives to work every day.

35. drop vt. 使落下，扔，下降vi. 降低 dropped

Do not drop litter.不要扔垃圾。

At night,the temperature will drop to -2℃.夜晚，温度将降到零度以下。

36. dry vt. （使）变干 adj.干的 dried food 压缩食物

My robot will wash up and then dry the dishes.我的机器人可以洗碟子并且烘干。 37. during prep. 在…期间

During the winter holiday, we will have the Spring Festival. 在寒假期间，我们将度过春节。

38. dustbin n.（英）垃圾箱 rubbish bin(美)垃圾箱

We should throw rubbish into the dustbin.我们应该把垃圾扔到垃圾箱里。

39. duty n. 责任，职责，义务 on duty 值班

It‘s our duty to protect the wild animals.保护野生动物是我们的职责。

E

1.each adj. 每个的，每一 each other 彼此，相互

Each of us has a book. / We each have a book.我们每人有一本书。

every adj. 每一,每一的 everybody/ everyone pron. 每人,人人 everything 每件事 everywhere 到处 every day 每天 everyday adj. 日常的 Every student should work hard in order to have a bright future. 为了美好的将来，每个学生应该努力学习。

2.early adv/ adj.早，早的

Why don‘t you come a little earlier?你为什么不来早点呢？

1. earthquake n.地震

Earthquake is a kind of natural disaster. 地震是一种自然灾害。

3.east n. 东方 eastern adj.东方的 west 西方 south 南方 north 北方

Every day the sun rises in the east.每天太阳从东方升起。

4.easy adj. 容易的，简单的 easy-going 随和的 easily adv.随和地

It is easy to climb up a hill but hard to climb down it.上山容易，下山难。

5.education n. 教育educational adj. 教育的an educational CD-ROM 一张教育光盘

In China, every child needs to receive education.在中国，每个孩子需要接受教育。

6.effort n. 努力 put one‘s effort into 全身心投入于，致力于

Audrey Hepburn had put most of her effort into ballet training before she entered the film industry.

Audrey Hepburn在她进入电影界之前，全身心投入芭蕾舞训练。

7.either adv. （用于否定句中）也，二者之一

either…or…或者…或者…

neither…nor…既不…也不… 谓语动词就近一致原则 Tom doesn‘t like eating fish. I don‘t like,either. Tom不喜欢吃鱼，我也不喜欢吃鱼。

I need a man to help me , either of you is OK. 我需要一个人来帮助我，你们中一个就行。

Neither he nor I am in the school football club.他和我都不在校足球队。 8.elephant n. 大象

Elephants live in Africa and Asia.大象生活在非洲和亚洲。 9.empty adj. 空的 反义词： full 满的

The bottle is empty. I need a full one.这个瓶子是空的，我需要满的。

10.end n./vi. 最后，最终，结束 at the end of 在…结束，在…尽头 in the end 最后

endless 无尽头的

In the end, we won the match.最后，我获得了比赛的胜利。 11.enemy n.敌人，仇人，反对者

He has few enemies. 他没有什么敌人。

12.energetic adj.精力充沛的 energy n.能量 不可数名词

The man has a lot of energy and he is energetic.这个人精力充沛 13.engineer n 工程师

His father is an engineer. 他父亲是一位工程师。

14.enjoy vt 喜欢 enjoyable adj 令人喜欢的 enjoy doing 喜欢做某事

I enjoy dancing ,and dance for two hours every day. 我喜欢跳舞，每天跳两小时。 15.enough adj 足够的 enough+ 名词 形容词/副词 +enough

I don‘t have enough money to buy a car.我没有足够的钱买汽车。 The boy is old enough to go to school.这个男孩足够大上学了。

16.enter vt. 进入,加入 entrance n. 入口 at the entrance 在入口处 exit n. 出口

He entered the supermarket from the biggest entrance.他从最大的入口处进入超市。 17.environment n. 环境

Everyone should protect the environment.每个人都应该保护环境。 18.especially adv. 特别,尤其 special 特别

I like to travel to the foreign countries,especially America 我喜欢去国外旅游，尤其是美国。 19.event n. 活动,事件 ,比赛项目

The event marked the beginning of SHE‘s successful career. 这件事标志着SHE成功事业的开端。 20.ever adv.曾经 常用于完成时 never 从未

He has ever been abroad before. 他以前曾经出过国。 21.example n. 榜样 for example 例如

We should follow the good examples.我们应该学习好的榜样。

22.excellent adj. 极好的 perfect 完美的 wonderful 精彩的 23.excuse n. 借口,理由

The boy is often late for school .This time he can‘t find any new excuse. 这个男孩经常迟到，这次他没有找一些新的借口。

24. exercise vi./n 锻炼，练习 do morning exercises 做早操 do eye exercises 做眼保健操 take/do more exercise ，exercise more 多运动

In order to keep fit ,we should exercise every day.为了保持健康，我们应该每天锻炼。 25. experience n. 经历

The trip to Disleyland is a wonderful experience.去迪斯尼乐园是一次美妙的经历。 26.experiment. n.实验,试验

Edison did thousands of experiments during his life .

爱迪生一生中做了成千上万次实验。

27.explain vt. 解释,说明 explain sth to sb 向某人解释某事

Can you explain why you are late for school today? 你能解释你今天为什么迟到吗？ 28.eyesight n.视力

He has a poor eyesight. 他视力不好。

F

1.face n. 脸，面临，面对

I have a round face. 我有一张圆脸。

vt. 面临，面对

You should try your best when you face the difficulty.当你有困难时你应该尽你最大努

力。

2.fact n, 事实 in fact 事实上

The fact is that you are not a child.事实上你不是一个小孩了。

3.fail vi. 失败

I was very sad because I failed the exam.我非常伤心因为我这次考试没及格。

4.fair adj. 公平的，公正的be fair to sb 对某人公平

The policemen should be fair all the time.警察应该公平。

反义词：unfair 5.fall n. 秋天

vi.倒下，跌下，落下 fall-fell -fallen

The leaves fall down in autumn. 秋天树叶凋落。 fall ill/fall down/fall to…

6.familiar adj. 熟悉的

be familiar with sb.

I am familiar with some of the pop stars.我和一些明星熟悉。 反义词：unfamiliar

7.famous adj. 著名的

be famous for…因…而著名

China is famous for the Great Wall.中国以长城而著名。 8.fantastic adj. 极好的，美妙的

These works of art are fantastic.这些艺术品太美妙了 。 近义词：wonderful/excellent

9.far adv.远

adj.很，极，太 可修饰比较级

My home is far from the park.我家离公园远。

比较级farther/further 最高级farthest/furthest further study 进一步学习 That park is farther than this one. 那个公园比这个远。

10.farm n. 农场

on the farm 在农场 farmer n.农民

farmland n. 农田

The farmer has a farm, he works on the farmland every day.

这个农民有一农场，他每天在农田工作。

11.fashion n. 时装;时尚,风尚

fashionable adj. 流行的，时髦的

The fashion show is fashionable.这个时装展很时尚。

12.fear n. 恐惧，害怕 in fear 恐惧的

The boy‘s eyes are full of fear.这个男孩眼里充满了恐惧。 13.feather n. 羽毛

The feathers of the bird are blue.这只鸟的羽毛是蓝色的。 14.feed vt. 喂养 fed fed

Don‘t feed the birds in the park. 别在公园里喂鸟。 15.feel vi. 觉得，感到 feel-felt -felt

I feel sad when I heard the news.当我听到这个消息，我感到伤心。

feeling n. 感受

I have the same feeling.我有同样的感受。

16.festival n. 节日

There are many festivals in China. 在中国有许多节日。

Spring festival 春节 Dragon Boat festival 端午节

17.few pron. 不多，少数 后跟可数名词复数 little 后跟不可数名词 adj. 不多的，少数的

a few 一些 quite a few 相当多

I have a few books on gardening. 我有一些关于园艺方面的书。

比较级fewer 最高级fewest

I have fewer books than he does.我有点书比他少。 18.field n. 地，田

a field of wheat 麦田

football field 足球场 19.fifth n.第五

Thursday is the fifth day of a week.星期四是一周的第五天。 adj. 第五的 adv, 第五

The fifth student is Linda. 第五个学生是Linda。

20.fight vi. 打仗 put up a good fight vt.与…打架

Don‘t fight with others in the street. 不要在街上和别人打架。

21.fill vt. 使充满

fill sth with… 用 …把…装满

be filled with/ be full of 装满，充满

The bath has been filled with water./The bath has been full of water. 浴缸里装满了水。 22.final n. 决赛 go to the final 进入决赛 adj.最后的

They scored in the final minute of the game.他们在比赛最后一分钟得分了。 finally/in the end/at last adv. 最后

Finally, we got on the bus.最后，我们上车了。

23.finish vt .vi. 完成，结束，停止 其延续性动词：be over

You can not go until you finish your homework.你直到完成作业才能去。 finish doing sth. 完成做某事 24.fire n. 火，火灾

be careful with/of the fire.小心火 firework n. 烟花，烟火

There will be many fireworks at midnight. 午夜将放许多烟花。 25.first adv. adj. 首先，第一

You should do your homework first.你首先应该做你的作业。 This is the first lesson. firstly adv.首先，第一

Firstly, we will go to the park.首先，我们将去公园。 26.fit adj健康的，结实的. 适合的 同义词：suitable He is fit/healthy/well for this job.他健康，适合这个工作。

vi. vt.合脚，合身，被容纳

This shirt fits me well.这件衬衫很适合我。 The dress fits perfectly.这衣服非常适合我。 27.fitness n. 健康

I decide to climb the mountain to improve my fitness/health. 我决定爬山来改善健康。 近义词：health

28.fly vi. vt. 放飞，飞，放 fly- flew-flown I often fly kites. 我经常放风筝。

You can fly to the USA.你可以飞到美国去。 flight n. 飞行，航班

It‘s an hour‘s flight to Paris from here.从这里飞到巴黎要小时。 29.float vi. 漂浮

We will float away into space. 我们会飘到太空中 29.flood n.洪水

Floods washed away the rich earth.洪水冲走了肥沃的泥土。 30.fog n. 雾

There was much fog this morning. 今天早上雾大。 foggy adj. 有雾的，多雾的 It is foggy today. 今天多雾。 31.following adj. 接下来的，以下

The following/next week, I went to the park as usual. 接下来的一周，我象往常一样去公园。 同义词：next

follow sb to do sth 跟着某人做某事 32.foot n. 英尺，脚 复数：feet

I go to school on foot. 我步行上学。 He is 6 feet tall. 他6英尺高。 33.force n. 力量

He didn‘t use force.他不使用暴力。 v. 迫使，逼迫

Nobody forced me.没有人逼迫我 by force 通过武力 34.forest n. 森林

In the forest, there are many kinds of trees.在森林里有许多种类的树木。

35.forget vi. vt. 忘记forget to do sth 忘记要做某事 forget doing sth 忘记做过某事 Do not forget to bring your books here.不要忘记把你的书带来。 36.forgive vt. 原谅，宽恕

forgive sb for sth 原谅某人某事

Please forgive me for mistakes. 请原谅我的错误。

37.free adj.空闲的，自由的，免费的

I will go to see you if I am free.如果我有空我将去看你。 反义词：busy 近义词：spare

be busy doing/with sth 忙于做某事 38.French n. 法语

I can speak only a little French. adj.法国的

This is a famous French song. 这是一首著名的法国歌曲。 France 法国

I am from France.我来自法国。 Frenchman n. 法国人

They are all Frenchmen.他们都是法国人。 39.fresh adj. 新鲜的

The air in the country is fresh.乡下的空气新鲜。

40.friendly adj. 友好的 be friendly to sb 对某人友好 friendship n.友谊 The people in my hometown are friendly.我家乡的人民很友好。 近义词：nice

41.from time to time 不时的，偶尔的

The baby cries from time to time.这个宝宝时不时地哭。

近义词： sometimes

42.frost n.霜 形容词： frosty

There is too much frost on the ground. 地上有许多霜。 43.fruit n. 水果 常用作不可数名词

Do you like eating fruit? 你喜欢吃水果吗？ 表示不同种水果的时候加―s‖

There are many kinds of fruits in the shop. 那家店里有各种水果。 44.fun adj. 有趣的 have fun doing sth 做某事有乐趣

It is a fun story.这是个有趣的故事。 a fun place to go 一个去的好地方

同义词：Interesting /funny 45.future adj.将来的，未来的

The future life will be better.未来的生活更美好。 n.将来，未来

I think I have a good future.我想我会有个美好的将来。 in the future.在将来

G

1.garden n.花园；菜园

I have a big garden in front of my house.在我家房子前面有一个大花园。 2.gate n.大门

Here is the gate of our school.这是我们学校大门。 3.gentle adj.温柔的；轻轻的gentleman 绅士

Be gentle when you brush the baby‘s hair. 当给小宝宝梳头时要轻轻到。 4.Germany n.德国

The people in Germany are very friendly.德国人民非常友好。 German 德国人，德国的，德国人的 We are Germans. 我们是德国人。 5.gift n.礼物 近义词：present

I always get a gift on Christmas Day.圣诞节我总是受到礼物。 近义词： present 6.giraffe n.长颈鹿

My favorite animal is giraffe.我最喜欢的动物是长颈鹿。 7.glad adj.高兴的

I am glad to see you.很高兴见到你。 同义词：happy

8.glasses n.眼镜 复数名词

I wear a pair of glasses.我戴副眼镜。 glass n.玻璃 不可数名词

The glass is very clean.玻璃非常干净。 9.goldfish n.金鱼

Goldfish is a kind of fish.金鱼是鱼的一种。 10good-looking adj.好看的，漂亮的

The boy is good-looking.这个男孩好看。 同义词：pretty/ handsome handsome adj.英俊的 He is handsome. 他很英俊。 11.government n.政府

Local government raised much money for Project Hope.

当地政府为希望工程筹集了许多资金。

12.grade n.年级；等级；成绩，评分等级 I am in Class7 grade 7.我在7年级7班。

This grade of wool can be sold at a lower price.这种等级的羊毛只能低价出售。 13.grass n./u 草

The garden is full of grass.花园里长满了草。

14.grateful adj.感激的，感谢的 be grateful to sb感谢某人 I am grateful for your help.感谢你的帮助。 同义词：thankful

15.great adj.好极的；使人快乐的 伟大的 a great scientist一名伟大的科学家 That sounds great.那听起来太好了 16.greeting n.问候 greet v.问候

I greeted him, but he didn‘t return the greeting. 我问候他，但他没有回敬。 17.ground n.地面

There is a ball on the ground.地上有个球。 on the ground floor第一层

18.grow vt. &种，种植；grow- grew-grown

Growing flowers in the garden is interesting.在花园种花非常有趣。

vi.生长，成长，变成

I want to be a doctor when I grow up.当我长大我想成为一名医生。 19.growth n.生长，成长

Green represents growth. 绿色代表成长. 20.guitar n.吉他

He likes playing the guitar. 他喜爱弹吉他。

H

1.habit n.习惯；习性

It was her habit to go for a walk after supper. 晚饭后散步是她的习惯。 2.hall n.<美>走廊;大厅

Look! they are chatting in the hall.看他们在大厅聊天。 The meeting was held in the hall.会议在大厅举行。 3.ham n.(u)火腿

How much ham do you need now?你现在需要多少火腿呢？ 4.handbag n.手提包，女用皮包

The girl with a handbag in her hand is my sister.那个手里拿着手提包的女孩是我妹妹。 5.happen vi.发生 近意： 同义词： take place 没有被动结构 What happened to you just now? 刚才你怎么啦？ 6.happily adv.愉快地；幸福地 反义词：unhappily We live together happily.我们幸福地生活在一起。 happy adj. happiness n.

We have happy lives.我们生活很幸福。 7.hard adv.努力地； hardly adv.几乎不

Remember to work hard.记住要努力工作。 adj.困难的

It is hard to work out the problem.很难解决这个问题。

adv.大地 rain hard/heavily 雨下得大

In summer it often rains hard/heavily in the south.夏天，南方经常下大雨。 8.hard-working adj.勤勉的

He is a hard-working girl.他是个勤勉的男孩。

lazy adj.懒惰的 a lazy boy

比较级最高级lazier, laziest

9.harmful adj.有害的 反义词：harmless

It is harmful for you to eat ham.吃火腿对你有害。 be harmful to 对…有害 do harm to

Reading in bed is harmful to your eyes.在床上看书对你眼睛有害。 10.hate vt.讨厌；恨 近义词：dislike

hate to do sth hate doing sth 讨厌做某事

He likes dancing, but I hate dancing.他喜欢跳舞，可我讨厌跳舞。 11.hear vt.& 听见，听到； hear-heard-heard

hear sb do sth 听见某人作某事（动作经常发生或已发生过）

被动形式：be heard to do sth.

hear sb doing sth 听见某人在做某事（动作正在进行）

Can you hear me tell a story clearly?你能清楚听到我讲故事吗？

Listen! I hear them singing an English song.听! 我听到他们正在唱英文歌曲。 vi.听说

I heard that you didn‘t go to school yesterday.我听说你昨天没有上学。 hear from sb. 收到某人的来信 hear of 听说….. 12.heavy adj.大量的；密集的；重的

The heavy rain rains a full day.大雨下了一整天。

In some cities, the traffic is always heavy/busy.在一些城市，交通总是拥挤。 heavily adv. 近义词： hard

It often rains heavily here.这里经常下大雨。 13.height n.高，高度 weight 重量 length 长度

The height of the hill is about 50 metres.这座山高50米。 high adj. 高的。

The hill is 50 meters high. 这座山高50米

14.helpful adj.乐于助人的；有帮助的 be helpful to sb 反义词：helpless He often helps others. So we think he is helpful.

他经常帮助别人，因此我们认为他乐于助人

15.herself pron.她自己

(myself/ourselves/yourself/yourselves/itself/himself/herself/themselves)

We are happy to see she is old enough to look after herself.

我们高兴地看到她足够大了，可以自己照顾自己了。

16.hide vi.& vt.藏，隐藏 hid hidden

She is coming, we‘d better hide ourselves.她马上来，我们最好躲起来。 17.hire vt.租用；雇用 hid hidden

He hired a car for two days. 他租一辆汽车用了两天。

The fruit is picked by hired workers.水果被雇来的工人采摘。 18.hobby n.业余爱好

He works in a bank, but his hobby is building model boats. 他在银行工作，可他的兴趣是制作轮船模型。 19.hold vt.举行；托住，握住，拿着 held held

She was holding/having a book in her hand.他手里拿着一本书。 20.holiday n.假期；假日

In this job you get four weeks‘ holiday / vacation a year.

这份工作，你一年有4周的假期。

on holiday在度假，在休假中

When I was on holiday last year, I visited my uncle. 去年我休假的时候，我看望了我叔叔。 21.honest adj.诚实的，正直的

All my life I have tried to be an honest man. 我一生我尽力成为一个诚实的人。 22.hope vt. & n.希望 be hopeless 无望的 副词：hopefully

I gave up hope of going to college when I failed my examinations.

当我考试失败，我放弃上大学的希望。 I hope to go to college. 我希望上大学。

I hope you will go to the cinema tomorrow.（√）

wish: wish to do sth.希望做某事 wish sb to do sth.希望某人做某事 23.hospital n.医院

She walks to the hospital.她走到医院。

be in hospital 住院 be in the hospital 在医院里 24.hour n.小时

He went away for half an hour.他走了半小时了。 hour by hour 一小时一小时地

25.however adv.然而，但是 辨析： but

He hasn't arrived yet. However, he may come later.

他还没有到达，然而他可能迟会儿来。

He hasn't arrived yet. But he may come later. 26.huge adj.巨大的 (large/big)

The TV play was a huge success.这部电视剧获得巨大成功。

27.human n.& 人/human beings；adj.人的 28.humour n.幽默 对应形容词：humorous

He has a good sense of humour.他很有幽默感。 He is very humorous.他很幽默。 29.hunt v.打猎 对应名词： hunters

Hunters must be stopped from hunting tigers. 必须阻止猎人捕杀老虎。 30.hurry n.& vi. 急忙，匆忙；赶 in a hurry hurry up

She hurried to the hospital. 她匆忙赶到医院。

You always seem to be in a hurry.你好像总是匆忙。 hurry to do sth. 急忙去做某事

31.hurt vt.使受伤；伤害 hurt oneself 伤到某人自己

I am your friend, so I won't hurt you.我是你朋友，我不会伤害你的。 adj. 受伤的

Yesterday I fell off my bike. Luckily I wasn‘t hurt.

昨天我从自行车上摔下，幸运的是，我没有受伤。

I

1.idea n.主意，想法 have an idea不知道 good idea 好主意

I have no idea what you mean.=I don‘t know what you mean.我不知道你什么意思。 2.if conj.如果(状语从句)，

If you ask him, he will help you at once.如果你叫他，他会立刻帮助你。 I won‘t go to play basketball if it rains tomorrow. 如果明天下雨，我将不去踢足球。 是否(宾语从句)

I don‘t know if it will rain tomorrow.我不知道明天是否下雨。 3.imagine vi.&想像；设想 形容词：imaginative

You can imagine the situation there.你可以想像那里的情景。 4.immediately adv.立即，马上/at once/right now

A traffic accident happened just now and the police came immediately. 刚才发生车祸，警察立即赶到。 5.impossible adj. 不可能的

It is impossible for me to finish the task in such a short time. 对我来说在如此短的时间完成这个任务不可能。

6.important adj.重要的 importance n. 重要性 the importance of

Protecting wild animals is important.保护野生动物非常重要。 unimportant不重要的;

7.improve vt.改进，改善 名词：improvement

This is not good enough. I want to improve it.这还不足够好，我想改进。 8.India n.印度 形容词：Indian

The photos were taken in India.这些照片是在印度拍的 Indian tigers are endangered.印度虎濒临灭绝。 9.industry n.工业，产业

She wants to enter the film industry. 她想进入电影界。 10.in fact 实际上，事实上

In fact,I don‘t know how to deal with it.事实上，我不知道如何处理它。 11.in front of 在……前面 （外面）

There is a park in front of our school.在我们学校前面有一座公园。

in the front of 在…..前面部分（里面）

The teacher is standing in the front of the classroom. 老师站在教室前面。 12.include vt.包括，包含 including prep.

The university includes ten colleges.这所大学包括10个学院。 13.indeed adv.真正地；确实

Are you pleased at your son's success? Yes, indeed. 你对你儿子的成功感到高兴吗？ 是对，确实高兴。

A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难之中的朋友才是真正的朋友。 14.influence n.影响 近义词：effect

My teacher's influence made me study science at college.老师的影响使我大学学理科

vt.影响 近义词：affect

My teacher influenced my decision to study science. 15.information n.信息 不可数名词

W can get lots of information from the newspapers just like sports, news etc. 你可以从报纸中得到许多信息。 a piece of information 一条信息 16.inside prep.在……里面

There are some books inside/in the bag. 书包里有许多书。

adv. 在里面

It‘s warm inside though it is cold outside. 尽管外面冷，但里面暖和。 反义词：outside

17.insist vt.& vi.坚持，坚持认为

I insist on your coming with me. 我坚持你和我一起去 。 insist on doing 坚持做某事

18.instead of 代替，而不是（后接名词，代词，doing ….） I go to the park instead of the zoo.我去公园而不是动物园。 instead 代替（后接从句或单独用.）

Miss zhang was ill yesterday. So I took her class instead today. 张小姐昨天生病，因此我今天代替她上课。 19.interest n.令人感兴趣的人（或事）；兴趣

I find no interest in such things. 在这样事上面，我找不到兴趣。 be interested in 对…感兴趣

20.interesting adj.有趣的 指物 be interested in 指人

I am interested in the interesting book. 我对这本有趣的书感兴趣。 名胜：a place of interest/ an interesting place 21.international adj.国际的

an international agreement 国际协定 22.interview n.& vt.采访；会见

The reporter wants to interview me.这个记者想采访我。 记者：interviewer have an interview with sb.采访某人 23.introduce vt.介绍

He introduced his friend to me. 他把他朋友介绍给我 24.invent vt.发明，创造

Who invented the steam engine? 谁发明了蒸汽机？ invention n. 发明 inventor n. 发明家

25.invite vt.邀请 invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事

She invited us to her party. 她邀请我参加她的聚会。 n. 邀请 invitation an invitation letter 邀请信 26.itself pron.它自己

The story itself is very interesting.这故事本身很有趣。

J

1.job n.工作；任务

His job is a worker.他的职业是工人。 a job=a piece of work（不可数）

What an interesting job it is! /What interesting work it is! 这工作真有趣！ 2.join vt.加入，参加（组织、人） take part in 参加…活动

He joined the organization 2 years ago. 他2年前加入这个组织。 3.journey n.旅程，旅行/trip

He decided to make a journey to New York by air. 他喜欢坐飞机去纽约。 be (away) on a journey 在旅行中 vi. 旅行 travel in/to a place

4.joy n.高兴，欢乐；乐趣/happiness

Learning English is my great joy.学英语是我的乐趣。 5.jump vi.跳，蹦

He jumped for joy.他高兴地跳起来。 跳高：high jump 跳的高：jump high

6.just adv.只是，仅仅；刚才；确实，完全（用于加强语气）可用于完成时。

He has just heard from his father.他刚刚受到他父亲的来信。 just then就在那时

just now刚才, 前一会儿 现在, 这会儿 just a minute 稍等片刻

K

1.keep vt.保持,保留 后跟形容词或doing

I like keeping old letters, it‘s my hobby.我喜欢保留旧的信件，这是我的兴趣。 keep calm! 保持镇静

keep doing sth: 不断做某事,一直在做某事 keep on doing sth继续 keep away from 远离….. 2.kick vt.踢

Don't kick the ball into the road.不要把球踢到马路上去。 3.kid n.小孩

The kid is my son.这小孩是我儿子。 4.kilo n.千克，公斤

There are two kilos of apples in the basket.篮子里有2公斤苹果。 5.kind n.种类

Many kinds of apples grow in our garden.我们花园里种植了许多种类苹果。

adj. 仁慈的; 和蔼的; 友爱的 kindness n,

That kind old man offered me some money. 那个和蔼的老人给我一些钱。 6.kichten n.厨房

Mother is making dinner in the kichten.妈妈在厨房做晚饭。 7.knife n.（pl.knives）刀；餐刀

The north wind cuts like a knife.北风就象刀子一样。

8.knock n.& 敲；碰撞，撞击； a knock at the door敲门 vt.&打击 vi.

Please knock on/at the door.

I knocked over the glass and spit the water. 我碰翻杯子。 9.knowledge n(u).知识

We go to school to get knowledge about many different things. 我上学是为了学到许多不同方面的知识。

L

1.ladder n.梯子

爬上梯子 climb up a ladder 电梯:lift

2.lamb n.羊羔

A lamb grows into a sheep.小羊羔长成羊。 3.lamp n.灯，台灯

There are lamps in the streets.街上有许多路灯。

4.land vt.&着陆，降落；使着 vi.&陆；土地；陆地 n.

The plane will land in five minutes.飞机5分钟内降落。 Land is valuable. 土地是宝贵的 5.last adj.最近刚过去的；最后的

She was the last to arrive.她是最后一个到达的

vi.持续, 延续, 维持; 耐久

The spring weather lasted only a few days.春天的天气仅仅持续几天。 6.later adv.后来，以后

Later, he was saved. 后来，他得救了。

latest adj.最新的 the latest computer 最新的计算机 7.laugh vi.笑They are talking and laughing.

have a good laugh 尽情地笑 laugh at嘲笑

8.law n.法律

Don‘t be against the law.不要违法。

9.lead n.（牵狗用的）皮带，链子；主角

She played the lead role in the film.她在这部电影里扮演主角。 vt., vi. 引导；指引;领导 leader:领导者 10.leaf n.叶子pl. leaves

The leaves turn green in spring.春天，树叶变绿。 11.learn vi.& 学习 vt.learned [-t, -d]/learnt [-t]

Have you learnt/learned to swim? 你已经学游泳了吗？ I'm learning English now. 我正在学英语。 learn from….向….学习

12.leave vt.&使处于某种状态 left

The window was left open. 窗户是开着的

vi.离开；出发 其延续性动词：be away from 离开

The train will leave (the station) in five minutes.火车5分钟内将出发。 13.lend vt.借给 lent lent

Can you lend me that book/lend that book to me? 你能把那本书借给我吗？

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