2009年6月研究生英语学位课统考真题

2009年6月研究生英语学位课统考真题（A 卷）

GENRAL ENGLISH QUALIFYING TEST

FOR NON-ENGLISH MAJOR GRADUATE STUDENTS

考试注意事项

一、本考试由两份试卷组成：试卷一（Paper one）包括听力理解、词汇、

完型填空与阅读理解四部分，共80题，按顺序统一编号；试卷二（Paper two）包括翻译和写作两部分，共三题。此外，试卷分A、B卷，请考生注意在答题卡上标出自己的试卷类型。

二、试卷一（题号1-80）为客观评分题（听力Section C 部分除外），答案

一律用2B 铅笔做在机读卡答题纸上，在对应题号下所选的字母中间画黑道，如 [A][B][C][D]。

三、试卷二为主观评分题，答案做在ANSWER SHEEII上。答题前，请仔

细阅读试卷二的注意事项。

四、试卷一、试卷二上均不得作任何记号（听力Section C部分除外），答

案一律写在答题纸上，否则无效。

五、本考试全部时间为150分钟，采用试卷一和试卷二分卷计时的办法。

试卷一考试时间为90分钟，听力理解部分以放完录音带为准，大约25分钟；其余部分共计时65分钟，每部分所占时间均标在试卷上，考生可自行掌握。试卷二共计时60分钟，每部分所占时间均标在试卷上，考生可自行掌握。

六、试卷一与试卷二采取分别收卷的办法。每次终了时间一到，考生一律

停笔，等候监考老师收点试卷及答题纸。全部考试结束后，须待监考老师将全部试卷及答题纸收点无误并宣布本次考试结束，方可离开考场。

PAPER ONE

Part I Listening Comprehension (25miniutes, 20 points) Section A (1point each)

Directions: In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between

two speakers. At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE. Choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.

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1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

A. Visit her parents. B. Go to the dentist. C. Meet her professor D. Have a job interview.

A. Bob is majoring in history. B. Bob is a little boring. C. He likes Bob very much.

D. They should invite Bob to the party. A. The flight was delayed. B. She didn’t like the movies.

C. She had seen both movies before. D. No movies were shown on her flight. A. It’s drier. B. It’s wetter. A. Western.

B. Horror.

C. It’s abnormal.

D. It’s an average year.

C. Science fiction. D. Action.

B. Call Mike to come.

D. Stop working for the day.

A. Wait for Mike.

C. Pick Mike up in the morning.

A. She doesn’t like playing tennis.

B. She was thinking the same as the man. C. She had something else in mind.

D. She had suggested the same thing earlier. A. Matt wants to be cheered up. B. Matt has lost himself.

C. Matt worries little about the game. D. Matt feels a little depressed.

A. The man is a coward. B. The man is too careful.

C. Martha likes children very much.

D. Martha is not the right person for him.

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Section B (I point each)

Directions: In this section, you will hear two mini-talks. At the end of each

talk, there will be some questions. Both the talks and the questions will be read to you ONLY ONCE. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.

Mini-talk one

10.

A. Mr. Lee always wastes time in class. B. Mr. Lee like talking about history. C. Mr. Lee always feels bored in class. D. Mr. Lee is a little funny.

B. Satisfactory. D. Inspiring.

11. A. Totally boring.

C. Inconsistent.

12.

A. Jim has taken a low end job. B. Jim has got a well-paid job.

C. Jim is not hopeless in finding a job. D. Jim is desperate in finding a job.

Mini-talk two

13.

A. The control of drug trafficking in the United States.

B. The anti-drug war about the border between Mexico and U.S. C. The investigation of the death of a retired U.S. general. D. The fight of corruption inside Mexican police.

A. The criminal groups are growing very rapidly. B. The criminal groups can get more profits now.

C. Mexican government has not been serious about the drug trade. D. Mexican government is effective in fighting the drug trade.

B. 10,000

C. 45,000

D. 54,000

14.

15. A. 6,000

Section C (1point each)

Directions: In this section, you will hear a short lecture. Listen to the

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recording and complete the notes about the lecture. You will hear the recording TWICE. After the recording you are asked to write down your answers on the answer sheet. You now have 25 seconds to read the notes below.

（请在录音结束后把第16-20题的答案抄写在答题纸上）

16. For best results with the least risk, tomatoes should be planted when

________.

17. Some larger tomatoes may need at least a meter and a half ________. 18. The average air temperature should be about ________ Celsius.

19. There was a time when people thought tomatoes ________ which is not

true.

20. Some fruits may be called “vegetables” because they are used in delicious foods instead of ________.

Part II Vocabulary (10 minutes, 10 points) Section A (0.5 point each)

Directions: In this section, there are ten questions. Each question is a

sentence with one word or phrase underlined. Below the sentence are four words or phrases marked by A, B, C, and D. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet

21. People who work overtime at any job are more likely to sustain a

work-related injury than those who work their regular hours. A. maintain B. endure C. support D. suffer

22. These instruments are so powerful as to enable them to ascertain many facts of the deepest interest. A. put out B. find out C. wear out D. turn out

23. Kunz looked set to become a star in his field, but he gave it all up after

these failures. A. fixed B. stereotype C. determined D. built

24. In the disciplines underlying our high-tech economy, America is steadily

losing its global edge. A. border B. superiority C. appeal D. territory

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25. The Chinese economy is less affected, so there is no reason to take a dim view of economic growth. A. pessimistic B. black C. vague D. positive

26. The spacecraft touched down on schedule and the astronauts were helped out of it. A. launched B. operated C. landed D. crashed

27. In the tropic rainforest there is a wide range of species peculiar to this area. A. specific B. odd C. distinct D. familiar

28. The officer distributed among the youngster all the blankets and provisions,

withholding himself only a canteen. A. keeping off B. keeping back C. keeping at D. keeping up

29. These graduates are more than obliged to the college for the happy four

years of college life. A. obligatory B. reluctant C. indifferent D. grateful

30. Regular exercise can keep you energetic and contribute to a productive life

in the long run. A. athletically B. successively C. ultimately D. persistently

Section B (0.5 point each)

Directions: In this section, there are ten questions. Each question is a

sentence with something missing. Below each sentence are four words or phrases marked by A, B, C, and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet

Observers commented that loss of independence was too high a(n) _____. 31.

A. cost B. expense C. expenditure D. price

32. The journalist who had set out to obtain these important facts ________ a

long time to send them. A. spent B. took C. passed D. consumed

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33. Telling your doctor about all the medicines you take may help avoid serious

drug ________. A. interactions B. interruptions C. interventions D. institutions

34. Two dozen New Yorkers stood on the platform at the subway station,

________ briefcases and newspapers. A. clipping B. clutching C. clashing D. clarifying

35. Each ________ effort a baby makes at speech is a sigh of intellectual

development. A. cordial B. compact C. clumsy D. chronic

36. Iran has expanded its uranium enrichment activities ________ UN demands

to scrap its nuclear-related programs. A. in defiance of B. in line with C. in turn for D. in relation to

37. China moved to _________ its grain production when its grain output had

kept declining for five consecutive years. A. turn up B. take up C. step up D. make up

38. The most interesting thing ________ Americans is that they are brought up

to believe they are the best at everything. A. with B. in C. from D. about

39. The dean asked the secretary if there were enough people ________ to hold

a faculty meeting. A. on purpose B. on end C. on hand D. on average

Visitors to this war museum are ________ to see photos of massacre by

Japanese soldiers. A. amazed B. startled C. wondered D. started 40

Part III Close Test (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each)

Directions: In this section, there are ten questions. Read the passage through.

Then, go back and choose one suitable word or phrase marked by A, B, C, or D for each blank in the passage. Mark the corresponding letter of the word or phrase you’ve chosen with a single bar across the square brackets on your

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machine-scoring Answer Sheet

It’s a new world, and we barely seem to have noticed. Places we ___41__ with inexpensive low-end manufacturing are going high-tech in a big ___42___. The spotlight is mainly in China and India, for good ___43___. The Chinese economy is surging, __44__ by increasingly sophisticated engineering, with products __45__ from automobiles to semiconductors. India has nearly as __46__ an economy, powered by a cheap English-speaking labor force who __47__ in software and services.

Along with these __48__ giants, countries like Japan, South Korea and Singapore are also challenging America’s __49__. If present trends continue, 90% of all the worlds scientists and engineers will be living in Asia __50__ 2010, according to Nobel Prize winner Richard E. Smalley, professor of chemistry and physics at Rice University.

B. associate C. communicate D. concern 41. A. deal

B. route C. way D. dimension 42. A. scale

B. purpose C. effect D. health 43. A. reason

B. burned C. fueled D. extinguished 44. A. checked

B. differing C. changing D. ranging 45. A. varying

B. drastic C. dynamic D. static 46. A. tragic

B. excel C. overtake D. bypass 47. A. surpass

B. diverging C. submerging D. merging 48. A. emerging

C. constitution D. dominance 49. A. manipulation B. presidency

B. in C. by D. before 50. A. until

PART IV Reading Comprehension (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each) Directions: In this section, there are five short passages. Read each passage

carefully, and then do the questions that follow. Choose the best answer from the four choices marked by A, B, C, or D and mark

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the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet

Passage One

Headphones used with MP3 digital music players like the ipod may interfere with heart pacemakers and implantable defibrillators, U.S. researchers said.

The MP3 players themselves posed no threat to pacemakers and defibrillators, used to normalize heart rhythm. But strong little magnets inside the headphones can foul up the devices if placed within 1.2 inches of them, the researchers told an American Heart Association meeting in New Orleans.

Dr. William Maisel of the Medical Device Safety Institute in Boston led a team that tested eight models of MP3 player headphones, including clip-on and ear-plug types, in 60 defibrillator and pacemaker patients.

They placed the headphones on the patients’ chests, directly over the devices. The headphones interfered with the heart devices in about a quarter of the patients － 14 of the 60 － and interference was twice as likely in those with a defibrillator than with a pacemaker.

Another study presented at the meeting showed that cellular phones equipped with wireless technology known as Bluetooth are unlikely to interfere with pacemakers.

A pacemaker sends electrical impulses to the heart to speed up or slow heart rhythm. The magnet, however, could make it deliver a signal no matter what the heart rate is, the researchers said.

An implantable defibrillator signals the heart to normalize its rhythm if it gets too fast or slow. A magnet could deactivate it, making it ignore an abnormal heart rhythm instead of delivering an electrical shock to normalize it.

The devices usually go back to working the right way after the headphones are removed, the researchers said.

“The main message here is: it’s fine for patients to use their headphones normally, meaning they can listen to music and keep the headphones in their ears. But what they should not do is put the headphones near their devices,” Maisel said in a telephone interview.

So that means people with pacemakers or defibrillators should not place the headphones in a shirt pocket or coat pocket near the chest or have others who are wearing headphones rest their head on the patient’s chest, Maisel said.

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51. How can MP3 digital music players hinder pacemakers and defibrillators? A. MP3 players can interfere with heart pacemakers and defibrillators. B. the magnets inside the headphones can interfere with pacemakers and

defibrillators.

C. the loud music beats pose a threat to pacemakers and defibrillators. D. MP3 players are placed too close to pacemakers and defibrillators.

52. Dr. William Maisel’s tests showed that ________. A. headphones had interference with the heart devices in every patient B. half of the models of MP3 player headphones had interference with

heart devices

C. headphones had much stronger interference with a defibrillator than

with a pacemaker D. headphones had much stronger interference with a pacemaker than

with a defibrillator

53. Bluetooth is mentioned as an example of cell phones that ________. A. has little interference with the heart devices B. are used in the tests in Dr. William Maisel’s study C. are equipped with wireless technology D. will replace the MP3 player headphones

54. The magnets inside the headphones can cause problems by ________. A. sending out electrical shock to damage hearts B. sending out signals to make hearts beat too slow C. sending out signals to make hearts beat too fast D. making the heart devices malfunction

55. People with pacemakers or defibrillators should ________. A. never use MP3 digital musical players B. not use MP3 headphones C. not use the headphones near their hearts D. put the headphones in a pocket when they are not being used.

56. The writer’s purpose of writing this article is to ________. A. report a scientific research B. warn people not use modern gadgets

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C. compare different headphone products D. inform people of the safe use of MP3 players

Passage two

Cyber crime is likely to bring about as much destruction as the credit crisis in the coming years if international regulation is not improved, some of the world’s top crime experts said. Damage caused by cyber crime is estimated at $100 billion annually, said Kilian Strauss, of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE). “These criminals outsmart use ten, or hundred to one,” Strauss told Reuters, adding more Internet experts were needed to investigate and tackle cyber crime.

Criminal organizations are exploiting a regulatory vacuum to commit Internet crimes such as computer spying, money-laundering and theft of personal information, and the scope for damage is vast, experts told a European Economic Crime conference in Frankfurt. “We need multilateral understanding, account and oversight to avoid, in the years to come, a cyber crisis equivalent to the current financial crisis,” Antonio Maria Costa, Executive Director of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, said.

Internet crime is also a threat to national security, they said. Several countries, including United States, have voiced concern over some hacker’s abilities to electronically spy on them and disrupt computer networks.

Calls for greater regulation of the Internet come at a time of regulatory renaissance, with policymakers looking to support the powers of financial sector watchdogs in the wake of the global financial crisis. “Because of the transnational nature of identity-related crime, and especially of cyber-crime, if we do not tackle the crime everywhere we’ll not solve it anywhere,” Costa said.

The president of Interpol, Khoo Boon Hui, said increasingly highly technological gangs from Asia, Eastern Europe and Africa were coming up with ever more sophisticated ways of swindling money from vulnerable people. He also said there was a trend of company bosses being bribed by fraudsters claiming to have guilty evidence about their firms.

Strauss, who works as Senior Program Officer at the Office of the Coordinator of OSCE Economic and Environmental activities, said Internet crime watchdogs could learn a lot from criminals willing to switch sides.

57. The main idea of the passage is that ________. A. cybercrime is as destructive as the credit crisis in the coming year

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58. 59. 60. 61.

B. damage caused by cybercrime is very serious and will get worse C. to fight cybercrime requires enhanced international regulation

D. international organization should be established to crush cybercrime According to Kilian Strauss, ________.

A. cybercriminals are 10 or 100 times smarter than the Internet experts B. Internet experts are 10 or 100 times smarter than cybercriminals

C. as cybercriminals are very smart, more experts are needed to fight

against them

D. the investigation of the cybercrime takes time and money

Criminal organizations can commit Internet crimes because ________. A. there is no effective regulation

B. they can exploit the present regulations

C. no country has paid enough attention to them

D. the current financial crisis has put the authorities at a loss To win the war against cybercrime, ________.

A. policymakers should support their governments financially B. each country should solve its own problems effectively C. United States should play a very important role D. international cooperation is crucial

The underlined word swindling (in the 5th paragraph) is closest in meaning to “________”. A. bribing B. cheating C. corrupting D. robbing

62. Straus believes that ________. A. Internet security experts can learn a lot from cybercriminals B. if cybercriminals will cooperate with the police, they can be helpful C. Internet crime watchdogs will make cybercriminals shift grounds D. international organizations can solve the problems of cybercrime

Passage Three

It’s hard to know who to trust these days. When we see people staging protests we think, wow! These folks are passionate about their cause －otherwise, why would they stand in the rain for hours? But sometimes it’s a

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show: You and your Congressman may have been raised to power by manipulative marketers who pay serious money to hire protesters.

It’s a mean trick. Let’s say you want to stage a political rally, but you just can’t find enough people for a good turnout. What you need are folks with a lot of time on their hands, who can be persuaded to make a fuss over almost anything. Solution: Head down to a homeless shelter and take out cash.

No joke-hiring the homeless is catching on. Last October, a Georgia activist pushing a state law to crack down on illegal immigrants paid 14 homeless men $10 each to hold signs and march around. It worked. People though the rally was genuine － a local radio station even broadcast it live. But listeners had no idea this was just a crowd for hire.

Pay for rage works － the homeless get a little income and the lobbying group gets a crowd. The only losers are citizens and the media, who think the whole show is legitimate. After a Phoenix TV station recently noticed rallies featuring the homeless, they asked some of the protesters, who were holding signs about a local labor dispute, what they were upset about. Many had no idea. “All we do is stand out here and hold the signs,” said one.

Some bold organizers have been known to “borrow” people’s names. In one case a few years ago, members of Congress were swamped with telegrams about a telecom bill. But some constituents were confused when they got phone calls from their concerned Congressmen － because they’d never written in to begin with. It turned out that thousands of the telegrams were faked by a telecom-industry PR firm. And guess what? No aspect of this campaign appears to have violated Postal Service regulations. That means your names could be used next in support of a corporate cause you’ve never heard of.

All of this amounts to a corruption of our democratic system: You can’t trust someone who’s calling you about a political issue, and if you write to your Congressman, he might not trust that you haven’t been manipulated.

Maybe the solution starts with unmasking all those protest rallies that are just outrage-for-hire purchased down at the local shelter.

63. From the first paragraph it can be learned that ________. A. those protesting in the cold rain are respectable B. most Congressmen were elected by fake votes C. in some cases protesters are hired D. people staging protests are passionate

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Which of the following statements is true?

A. The homeless tend to organize protests and rallies.

B. Political rallies are sometimes manipulated by power and money. C. The homeless are to blame for deceiving the public and media. D. Political rallies attended by the homeless are on the decline.

65. The passage implies that sometimes ________. A. people were deceived into believing that this was a real and legal rally B. the hired protesters knew clearly what they were pushing for C. such protests have never attracted any attention D. organizers paid generously for these protesters

66. The underlined sentence in para.4 “pay for rage works” means that _____. A. organizers of such rallies have to pay the participants B. expressing anger can lead to good solutions C. the homeless have to be paid more D. hiring people to show your outrage is effective

67. To shape the congressmen’s opinion, a telecom-industry PR firm ______. A. asked the constituents to send telegrams to the congressmen B. wrote to local residents for support C. tried to violate Postal Service regulations D. sent telegrams to the congressmen in the names of local constituents

68 Protest rallies of this kind might result in ________. A. business deceptions B. disappearance of political trust C. the increase of the homeless D. the collapse of a political party

Passage Four

It had been a long, brutal day on the sales floor for young Brent. He’d had his share of “ups” － what retail salespeople say when it’s their turn with the next customer － and more than his share of downs. And now he was in danger of being shut out for the day.

He hadn’t been shut out in for a long time. Even in his early days with the company, he could always sell something to someone. He was a natural.

But not on this day. This, of course, exposed him to some good-natured ridicule from his associates, who took not-so-secret delight in seeing the sales 64.

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genius get his stroke of misfortune.

Brent had more at stake here than just professional pride and reputation, however. Brent was a new father. He and his wife, Kay, had decided that she would be a full-time mom, which meant he would financially support the family. When he did well on the sales floor, finances weren’t a problem. But when he struggled to make sales, the whole family struggled.

Toward the end of the day, a man came in to buy a suit. This was potentially a good sale, the kind that can turn a bad day into a good one － just like that. Brent worked hard to make the sale. But the man hesitated. Brent knew all too well the look he saw in his eyes － the look of a customer about to walk out the door empty-handed. When it became clear that the man was going to leave to do a little comparison shopping, Brent handed him his business card and invited him to return after he’d had a chance to look around.

The man looked at Brent’s card, then took a long look at Brent.

“So you’re Brent’s boy,” the man said, referring to the card that identified him as Brent Jr.

“Do you know my dad?” Brent asked.

“Sure do,” the man said. They chatted for a moment, establishing the link between father and son. Then the man said, “Your dad’s a good man. If you’re anything like him…well, tell me again about that suit.”

Brent called his father that night, but not to recount the story. “I just wanted to thank you,” he said, “for giving me a name I can be proud of.”

69. We can learn from paragraph 2 that as a salesman Brent was ________. A. creative B. hard-working C. experienced D. warm-hearted

70. The words “stroke of misfortune” in para.3 is closest in meaning to ____.

A. chance of fate B. bad luck

C. rare opportunity D. an unexpected reward

71. It is known from the passage that ________. A. Brent’s family had to struggle to make ends meet B. Brent’s family had to experience a temporary hard time C. the family’s future depended on Brent and his wife keeping their jobs D. the family’s well-being was closely related to Brent’s ales performance

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72. As soon as the man entered the store to buy a suit, ________.

A. Brent felt his chance finally came

B. Brent decided to chat with him for a while

C. Brent gave him his greeting and business card

D. Brent was sure that he couldn’t make the sale

73. Brent made a call to his father because he ________. A. had had a good day on the sales floor B. had met an old friend of his father’s earlier in the day C. was proud of his father’s achievement D. was grateful for having a respectable name

74. We can learn from the story that ________. A. we should cherish what we have B. the key to success is never give up C. it is important to have a good reputation D. our family is the most valuable treasure

Passage Five

If the universality of immersion-style language programs, emergency test prep classes, tired college kids is any indication, cramming is a wildly popular study strategy. Professors frown upon it yet conspire by squeezing vast topics like “Evolution” or “World history 1914 to present” into the last week of a course. So is cramming effective or not? A new study by UC-San Diego psychologists confirms what you may suspect deep down: The answer is no. Hurried memorization is a hopeless approach for retaining information. But it’s not all bad news. The team offers a precise formula for better study habits, and it doesn’t necessarily need dogged discipline and routine.

To arrive at their presentation, the scientists tested the “spacing effect” on long-term memory. In other words, they wanted to know how the time gap between study sessions influences the ability to remember material on test day. They asked 1,354 volunteers to memorize 32 trivial facts, such as “who invented snow golf?” (Rudyard Kipling) and “What European nation consumes the most spicy Mexican food?” (Norway). Participants reviewed the answers anywhere from several minutes to several months after first learning them, and then were tested up to a year later.

The findings? Students perform better when they space their study

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sessions rather than when they try to cram everything into their heads during one sitting. But for those who must cram, timing is everything. According to the researchers, if you have only one date on which to study, choose a day that’s close to when you first learned the material than when you take the test － but not too close. For instance, if you have a French lesson on Monday and a quiz the following Monday, you should study on Wednesday for maximum retention. Tuesday is too early and Sunday is too late. If you want to remember something for a year, wait about a month to review what you learned.

Hal Pashler, one of the lead authors, suspects that most crammers don’t realize the error of their ways. “Even in the scientific community, cram-type summer courses on new research methods are extremely popular,” he told me in an email. “And I have never heard people who take these courses even notice the fact that they are perfect prescription for rapid forgetting.”

75. Which of the following can best describe professors’ attitude toward

cramming? A. Rationally rejecting. B. Reasonably ignoring C. Readily accepting D. Reluctantly helping

76. The new study on cramming ________. A. makes us confused about how to understand it B. proves the correctness of the general understanding C. points out the problems with what’s popularly known D. raises questions as to what should be avoided

77. Paragraph 2 mainly describes ________. A. the necessity of the test B. the procedure of the test C. the selection of the test subjects D. the content of the test questions

78. According to the passage, the most important cramming strategy is ____. A. diving the study session B. putting things into category C. choosing the optimal review time D. lengthening the review session

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79. 80.

By mentioning the science community, Hal Pashler means to say that __. A. people are not fully aware of the problems with cramming B. science people should take the lead in giving up cramming C. forgetting is one of the major negative effects of cramming D. it is important to develop better study habits than cramming Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. Why People Cram? B. How to Cram

C. New Definitions of Cramming

D. Cramming － Not a Long-term Strategy

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PAPER TWO

译写答题注意事项

本试卷(Paper Two) 答案一律写在答题纸II (Answer Sheet II)上。中英文尽可能做到书写工整、字迹清晰、疏密相间均匀、字体大小适当。英文作文必须逐行书写，不得隔行或跳行。

Part V Translation (30 minutes, 20 points) Section A (15 minutes, 10 points)

Directions: Put the following paragraph into Chinese. Write your Chinese

version in the proper space on Answer Sheet II.

Changes and developments in a science are determined by numerous causes. Every science grows from its past, and the state reached in a previous generation provides the starting point for the next. But no science is carried on in a vacuum, without reference to or contact with other sciences and the general atmosphere for learning. Scientists and men of learning are also men of their age and country, and they can’t live independent of the culture. Besides its own past, the course of science is also affected by the social context of its contemporary world and the intellectual premises in it. Applications of the science and the expectations that others have of it may be a very determinant of the direction of its growth and changes. Section B (15 minutes, 10 points)

Directions: Put the following paragraph into English. Write your English version in the proper space on answer sheet II.

在中国，拿硕士学位通常需要三年。第一年积累足够的学分后，学生接着再后两年完成毕业论文。论文要有一定的学术价值，还要反映学生的科研能力。人们越来越重视学术诚信，这将有助于提高科学界的道德标准。 Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 10 points)

Directions: In this part you are allowed 30minutes to write a composition of no less than 150 words under the title of The Importance of College Education” .

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