上海市松江二中2014-2015学年高二上学期开学考试英语

松江二中2014学年度第一学期开学考试卷

高 二 英 语

命题人 肖洁辉 审题人 葛韵华

Ⅰ. Listening comprehension (24%) Section A Short conversations

Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. This afternoon. B. Tomorrow. C. Next week. D. Next month. 2. A. She doesn’t play tennis well. B. She likes other sports as well. C. She is an enthusiastic tennis player. D. She is a professional athlete. 3. A. At a paint store. B. At an oil market. C. At a science museum. D. At a gallery. 4. A. Work in the yard. B. Buy some wood. C. Go to the bookstore. D. Take a walk. 5. A. A taxi driver. B. A passenger. C. A car cleaner. D. A mechanic. 6. A. Call a repairman. B. Get out the paper stuck. C. Turn to her colleague for help. D. Restart the machine. 7. A. There are not enough gardens. B. Parking areas are full before 10:00. C. Parking areas are closed after 10:00. D. All classes begin at 10:00.

8. A. The presentation will begin at noon. B. She will present her work to the man. C. She’d like to invite the man for lunch. D. She suggests working on the presentation at 12:00. 9. A. The dormitory hours. B. The problem with the rules C. The door number of the dormitory. D. The time to open the dormitory. 10. A. The chairs didn’t need to be painted.

B. He doesn’t like the color of the chairs. C. The park could have avoided the problem.

D. The woman should have been more careful. Section B Passages

Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.

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11. A. Worried. B. Surprised. C. Satisfied. D. Uninterested. 12. A. It spoiled Juana’s reputation.

B. It occupied her ideas without permission. C. It bought Juana’s dishwashers. D. It wanted to share the dishwasher market. 13. A. A successful business case. B. Juana’s waterless laundry.

C. A case against a global company. D.The worldwide dishwasher market. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Footprints. B. Food. C. Living insects. D. Orange seeds. 15. A. Don’t touch animals under any circumstances.

B. Don’t take away any natural objects from the park.

C. Don’t leave litter in the park or throw any off the boat.

D. Don’t transport animals form one island to another. 16. A. to protect the guide’s interest.

B. To improve the unique environment. C. To ensure a trouble-free visit. D. To get rid of illegal behavior. Section C Longer conversation

Directions: In Section C, you will hear one longer conversation. The conversation will be read twice. After you hear the conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet. Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. Customs Form Destination: Contents in detail: Value: Type of mail: Weight: __17__ __18__ $ __19__ __20__ 1.5 pounds Your item must contain any dangerous articles prohibited by postal regulations. Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.

Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation. What is the man’s oral report on? What kind of people are called refugees:? How many worldwide? refugees are there An __21__ woman. Those who __22__ to escape war or other problems. About __23__. She is successful both in __24__. What does the man think of Ms. Ogata? Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

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Ⅱ. Grammar and vocabulary(30%) Section A (20%)

Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.

25. There seemed to be no objections to the proposal ____ by Mr. White at the meeting.

A. putting forward B. being put forward C. put forward D. was put forward 26. John may phone tonight. I don’t want to go out ____ he phones. A. as long as B. in order that C. in case D. so that 27. When the final exam was over, I went fishing ---- ____ I hadn’t done for weeks. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 28. Mike has been contributing to a magazine for years and ____. A. had nothing published B. has had many articles published C. had published something D. had had something published 29. There are still 30 minutes ____, so we ____ hurry with lunch. A. going…needn’t B. to leave…don’t need C. leaving…needn’t to D. to go…needn’t

30. ____ a hole in one of the walls. Otherwise, we couldn’t have seen what was going on

inside the room. A. There happened to be B. It happened to be C. There happened to have D. It happened to have

31. Because of the shortage of coal, attempts ____ to use natural gas instead now. A. have made B. having made C. are being made D. are making 32. Tom did nothing else all day but ____ in bed. A. lay B. lying C. laying D. lie 33. You must have missed the train last week, ____? A. mustn’t you B. haven’t you C. didn’t you D. needn’t you 34. I know nothing about the young lady ____ she is from Beijing. A. except B. except for C. except that D. besides

35. This company was the first ____ portable radios as well as cassette tape recorders in

the world. A. producing B. to produce C. having produced D. produced 36. What the doctors really doubt is ____ my mother will recover from the serious

disease soon. A. when B. how C. whether D. why

37. Little Tommy was reluctant to tell the schoolmaster ____ he had done the day before. A. that B. how C. where D. what 38. Only when the war was over ____ to his hometown. A. did the young soldier return B. the young soldier returned C. returned the young soldier D. the young soldier did return 39. You will succeed in the end ____ you give up halfway. A. even if B. as though C. as long as D. unless 40. Across the river ____. A. lies a new built bridge B. lies a newly-built bridge

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C. a new built bridge lies D. a newly-built bridge lies 41. ____, Mother will wait for him to have dinner together. A. However late is he B. However he is late C. However is he late D. However late he is 42. Is this room ____ we are to share for a whole school term? A. which B. that C. the one D. where 43. Because of the freezing weather, the low temperature of today is 20℃ ____ zero. A. beneath B. below C. underneath D. under 44. ____ blood if you can and many lives will be saved. A. Giving B. Give C. Given D. To give

Section B (10%)

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note there is one word more than you need.

A. overcoming B. wonders C. effective D. independently E. ignore F. academic G. distributing H. before I. illustrating J. assist K. leaves Many students find the experience of attending university lectures to be a confusing and frustrating experience. The lecturer speaks for one or two hours, perhaps __45__ the talk with slides, writing up important information on the blackboard, __46__ reading materials and giving out assignments. The new student sees the other students continuously writing on notebooks and __47__ what to write. Very often the student __48__ the lecture with notes which do not catch the main points and which become hard even for the students to understand. Most institutions provide courses which __49__ new students to develop the skills they need to be __50__ listeners and note-takers. If these are unavailable, there are many useful study-skills guides which enable learners to practice these skills __51__. In all cases it is important to tackle the problem __52__ actually starting your studies. It is important to acknowledge that most students have difficulty in acquiring the language skills required in college study. One way of __53__ these difficulties is to attend the language and study-skills classes which most institutions provide throughout the __54__ year. Another basic strategy is to find a study partner with whom it is possible to identify difficulties, exchange ideas and provide support.

Ⅲ. Reading comprehension(34%) Section A (15%)

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with word or phrase that best fits the context. You’ve now heard it so many times, you can probably repeat it in your sleep. President Obama will no doubt __55__ the point publicly when he gets to Beijing: the Chinese need to __56__ more; they need ---- believe or not ---- to become more like Americans, for the sake of the global economy. And it’s all true. But other side of that equation is that the U.S needs to __57__ more. For the moment, American households actually are doing so. After the personal-saving rate __58__ to

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zero in 2005, the shock of the economic __59__ last year promoted people to __60__ their wallets. In China, the household-savings rate exceeds 20%. It is partly for policy __61__. As we have seen, wage earners are expected to __62__ not only their children but their aging parents. And there is, to date, only the flimsiest of publicly-funded health care and pension systems, which increases incentives for individuals to save __63__ they are working. But China is a society that has __64__ esteemed personal financial prudence. There is no __65__ that will change anytime soon, even if the government creates a better social safety net and successfully encourages greater consumer spending. Why does the U.S. need to learn a little frugality? Because healthy savings rates are one of the surest indicators of a country’s long-term financial health. High savings lead, over time, to increased investment, which in turn generates productivity gains, __66__ and job growth. __67__, savings are the seed corn of a good economic harvest. The U.S. government thus needs to act as well. By running __68__ deficits, it is dis-saving, even as households save more. Peter Orszag, Obama’s budget Director, __69__ called the U.S. budget dificits unsustainable and he’s right. To date, the U.S. has seemed unable to see the consequences of spending so much more than is taken in. That needs to change. 55. A. play B. take C. make D. give 56. A. concern B. process C. promote D. consume 57. A. save B. spend C. evolve D. advance 58. A. drained B. dropped C. discounted D. dissolved 59. A. issues B. crisis C. society D. questions 60. A. cut B. put C. shut D. get 61. A. reasons B. situations C. areas D. zones 62. A. take off B. break out C. make up D. care for 63. A. unless B. before C. after D. while 64. A. long B. short C. hardly D. pretty 65. A. doubt B. wonder C. chance D. problem 66. A. condition B. action C. innovation D. location 67. A. In a breath B. In short C. In addition D. In a while 68. A. significant B. constant C. conscious D. conscience 69. A. occasionally B. consequently C. recently D. accidentally Section B (19%)

Directions: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

Americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of a lift operator or the uniform of a five-star general. Why are uniforms so popular in the United States? Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian clothes. People have become conditioned to expect higher quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform is likely to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What easier way is there

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for a nurse, a policeman, a hairdresser, or a waiter to lose professional identity than to step out of uniform? Uniforms also have many practical good points. They are often more comfortable and more lasting than civilian clothes. Primary among the argument against uniforms is their lack of variety and the loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement. When people look alike, they are likely to think, speak, and act similarly on the job at least. Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems. Though they are long-lasting, often their initial expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes. Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes. 70. What surprises us is that Americans ____. A. still judge a man by his clothes B. think highly of uniforms C. less prefer wearing civilian clothes D. respect a lift operator in uniform 71. People are likely to think that a man in uniform ____. A. suggests quality work B. shows his social position C. appears to be more practical D. looks more fresh and attractive 72. Those who are against uniforms believe that people wearing uniforms ____. A. are usually helpful B. have little freedom C. lose personal character D. enjoy greater popularity 73. It can be concluded from the passage that ____. A. people generally trust a person in uniform B. people enjoy wearing comfortable uniform C. the cost of the uniform is acceptable to people D. people wear uniforms to show their professions

(B)

The author of The Call of the Wild is Jack London. He was the most successful realist writer in America in the early 20th century. His best short stories including The Call of the Wild, White Fang, The Sea-Wolf, To Build a Fire and so on. As a committed socialist, he insisted against editorial pressures to write political essays and insert social criticism in his fiction. The main idea of this novel is about a dog named Buck, He is ripped from his pampered surroundings and shipped to Alaska to be a sled dog. He is a courageous dog fighting for survival in the Alaskan wilderness, and emerge his primitive wolf-like nature. The book is set in the gold rush in Alaskan. The writing style of this book is realism. We can see the character trait of Buck from the book. At the beginning, the author says that Buck has the quality of wolf: firm, powerful and insidious, but he feels grateful for his benefactor. It shows many kinds of contradiction of life from his action. The first is the socialist theory of Marx. Buck was treated with great cruelty by his master using a club. The club symbolizes the social right institution. The proletariat suffer ruthless exploitation and heavy oppression. The second is Darwin’s Theory of Evolution. For example, we can know it from his ability of adjusting to the unfamiliar environment.

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The theme of this novel is to expose the idea of returning to nature, the principle of survival of the fittest and the reality of the social life at that time, and the spirit of humanitarianism. It reflects the liveliness of animals, the relationship between the animals and human beings, the social darkness and the complication of humanity. The language of this book is very elegant and leaves a favorable impression on me. It uses symbolism effectively. The wildness symbolizes purity, justice and equality. It neither helps nor prevents the human beings’ adventure. However, if someone violates natural law, he or she will receive severe punishment. The novel tells us that we should learn to tap our existing potential and survive with indomitable will under terrible conditions, if we want to succeed. 74. What is Jack London’s attitude towards editorial pressures?

A. He thought it was too heavy.

B. He identified with them and made some changes in his novel. C. He wrote with political essays despite social pressure. D. He criticized society less.

75. In the novel, we can see some philosophical thinking, such as ____. A. social criticism B. socialist theory and Darwin’s Theory of Evolution C. the sue of symbolism D. the principle of survival of the fittest

76. Which one is not an aim of describing such a dog as Buck? A. To tap our existing potential. B. To encourage us to live with a strong will. C. To reflect the spirits of humanitarianism. D. To symbolize the dark side of human beings.

(C)

More and more people are taking their iPads to bed with them to surf the web, check facebook or send e-mails before switching off the light. But researchers are warning that the blue light their screens give off can stop users getting a good night’s sleep. That is because this type of light is similar to daylight, convincing the brain that it is still daytime. Blue light prevents the production of a brain chemical called melatonin, which helps us fall asleep. By contrast, light which is more orange or red does not prevent melatonin production, perhaps because our brains recognize it as a cue that the day ends. Scientists have known for years that staring at screens late in the evening can affect sleep ---- be they television screens, computer screens or mobile phone screens. However, because mobiles and iPads are by nature portable ---- not to say addictive ---- more people are taking them into the bedroom. Users also tend to hold them much closer to their eyes than a computer or television screen. Researchers are warning that looking at iPad displays for more than two hours leads to lower natural melatonin levels as the devices give off blue light. They say, “Turning off the devices at night is the final solution. But if you have to use these devices at night, dim the display to cut down irritation of the eyes and limit the time you spend on them before bed.” They wrote in the journal Applied Ergonomics(应用人类工程学) that iPad makers should adjust the spectral power distribution(光谱功率分布) of the devices so that they affect the sleep

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patterns of users less. It is not just a good night’s sleep that could be harmed by too much late night screen time. Researchers know that long-term harm to sleep patterns can lead to an increased risk of obesity and even cancers.

77. Blue light prevents iPad users from sleeping well because ____. A. it makes the brain more active B. it can help decrease the production of melatonin C. it is brighter than light that is more orange or red D. it is the same as daylight which keeps people awake 78. The underlined phrase “dim the display” means ____. A. turn off the display B. keep away from the display C. clean the display carefully D. make the display less bright 79. In the last paragraph, the author intends to ____. A. show the danger of obesity and cancers B. call on researchers to study sleep patterns C. warn of the seriousness of long-term poor sleep D. show how sleep is harmed by using iPads too much 80. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. People should limit the use of electronic devices. B. Using iPads before bed can cause a poor night’s sleep. C. Scientists are warning that blue light is bad for our health. D. Looking at screens of iPads increase chances of sleeplessness.

(D)

As computers become more popular in China, Chinese people are increasingly relying on computer keyboards to input Chinese characters. But if they use the computer too much, they may end up forgetting the exact strokes of each Chinese character when writing on paper. Experts suggest people, especially students, write by hand more. Do you write by hand more or type more? In Beijing, students start using a computer as early as primary school. And computer dependence is more widespread among university students. Almost all their assignments and essays are typed on a computer. All the students interviewed say they usually use a computer. It’s faster and easier to correct if using a computer. And that’s why computers are being applied more and more often to modern education. But when people are taking stock in computers increasingly, problems appear. “When I’m writing with a pen, I find I often can’t remember how to write a character, though I feel I’m familiar with it.” “I’m not in the mood to write when faced with a pen and paper.” Many students don’t feel this is something to worry about. Now that it’s more convenient and efficient to write on a computer, why bother to handwrite? Many educators think differently. Shi Liwei, the headmaster of a famous primary school in the capital said, “Chinese characters enjoy both practical and aesthetic value. But those characters typed with computer keyboards only maintain their practical value. All the artistic beauty of the characters is lost. And handwriting contains the writer’s emotion. Through one’s handwriting, people can get to know one’s thinking and personality. Beautiful writing will give people a better first impression of them.” To encourage students to resort to handwriting more, many primary schools in Beijing have

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writing classes compulsory and in universities, some professors are asking students to turn in their homework and essays written by hand.

81. The students interviewed prefer to write using a computer because ____.

A. they are usually asked to e-mail their homework and essays

B. they can correct the mistakes they make quickly and conveniently C. they find it not easy to remember how to write a character D. computers have become a trend and fashion in China

82. Which of the following statements is NOT the advantage of handwriting? A. Handwriting contains the writer’s emotion. B. The writer’s thinking and personality are shown in his or her handwriting. C. Handwriting can impress people well and build one’s self-confidence. D. Chinese characters enjoy both practical and aesthetic value. 83. The underlined expression “taking stock in” probably means ____. A. getting bored with B. getting dependent on C. becoming crazy about D. getting curious about 84. We can learn from the last paragraph that ____. A. more and more students will give up writing on a computer B. writing by hand will give way to typing by computer one day C. more and more students will pay attention to handwriting D. the typing article better expresses one’s emotion and quality

(E)

“Particulate Matter 2.5(PM 2.5 for short)” is now an enemy of the people. The harmful, tiny pieces of matter, up to 2.5 microns in diameter, are too small to be seen by the naked eye. So they can be easily breathed into lungs of people and do harm to people’s health. With the issue of pollution heatedly discussed, some people are wondering what possible solutions might be on the way. One might very well be a renewed effort to kick-start the electric car industry. Some reports suggest that the use of battery cars should be expanded from the present five cities to 20 more. But so far no country in the world has succeeded in making dream of emission free driving a reality. Despite the lofty ideal, the electric car has so far been a disappointment, accounting for only a fraction of 1% of global car sales. And the same is true in China. There is an existing target to put five million on the road by 2020 but the Chinese consumer is so far very much unconvinced.

BYD Auto Company is just one electric vehicle maker hoping that the time is now ripe for the government to step up its efforts. BYD is making electric cars but as yet not selling in great numbers. Electric cars are not cheap. It would still leave more than $40,000 to be paid before you could drive away in a BYD e6. And buyers have worries other than price.

“I think that when you talk to a regular Joe about electric vehicles he is excited, but when you ask Mr. Joe to buy one, he’s nervous,” said Isbrand Ho from BYD’s Auto Export Trade Division. “How far will my vehicle go?” The answer for an e6 is well in excess of 300 kms(190 miles) on one charge. That is the sort of number that might just start looking attractive to less price-sensitive customers but China still doesn’t have anything like enough charging stations to make the car a practical choice.

Last year, BYD sold only 1,700 electric cars in China. Isbrand Ho says that at that volume the car is naturally expensive. What they need, he says, is for production to get

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above a certain threshold, and then costs will come down.

85. What does the underlined word “One” in the first paragraph stand for?

A. PM 2.5. B. the issue of pollution. C. A possible solution. D. A heated discussion. 86. BYD Auto Company thinks that ____. A. it is time for our government to encourage people to use electric cars B. it can sell electric cars in large numbers now C. consumers are concerned about only the price of the electric cars D. the price of the electric cars is neither too high nor too low

87. Which of the following statements is true according to this passage? A. PM 2.5 can be easily breathed into the lungs of people because of its weight. B. China has never tried any environment-friendly method of transport. C. The electric cars are not widely used in the whole world. D. Customers can be easily persuaded to buy electric cars.

88. According to Isbrand Ho, ____ will bring down the price of the electric cars. A. improvement of environment B. innovation C. new technology D. more production

Ⅳ. Translation (12%)

89. 一个人除了工作和休息，还需要一些体育和娱乐活动。 (addition)

90. 关注你周边的一切，你会发现美就在身边。 (祈使句)

91. 那位名声鹊起的年轻人将会成为这个部门的经理。 (growing)

92. 那些渴望成功但不努力奋斗的人终将一事无成。 (effort)

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