高中英语重点词汇
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高中英语重点词汇
高中英语重点词语辨析900例
1.accuse / charge
accuse 和charge 都有“指责,控告”之意,有时可通用,但结构不一样。accuse 不一定针对重大过失或罪行,其结构为accuse sb of sth 。而charge 一般用于重大过失或罪行,其结构为charge sb with sth ,此结构还有“使某人负有……责任”之意。例如:
例1:My father accused me of my being too careless. (父亲责备我太粗心。) 例2:He accused me of neglecting my duty. (他指控我玩忽职守。)
例3:He charged me with neglecting my duty. (同上)
例4:Jimmy was charged with murder. (吉米被控谋杀。)
例5:He was charged with an important task. (他担负有一项重要任务。)
2.add / add to / add up / add up to
add :增加,把……加上。add…to…:把……加到。例如:
例6:At the end of the party, we added another program.
例7:You needn’t add any water to the medicine.
add to :增添。指增添喜悦、悲伤、麻烦等。例如:
例8:His coming added to our trouble. (他的到来给我们添了麻烦。)
add up :加起来。例如:
例9:Have you added up all the numbers?
add up to :总计。表示加起来的结果,无被动结构。例如:
例10:All the numbers added up to 100.
3.advise / suggest
advise :建议,劝说。例如:
例11:I advised (his) trying again. (= suggest)
例12:I advised that we (should) try again. (= suggest ,虚拟语气。)
例13:I advised him to give up smoking. 一一、、
动动词词
高中英语重点词汇
例14:I advised him not to smoke.
例15:Could you advise us on how to learn English?
例16:Could you give us some advice on how to learn English?
suggest:建议,表明,暗示。例如:
例17:We suggest having a meeting at once. (= advise)
例18:We suggest that a meeting (should) be held at once. (= advise,虚拟语气。)
例19:His pale face suggests that he is in poor health. (他那苍白的脸色表明他身体欠佳。)4.agree with / agree to / agree on
agree with:同意,赞成(后接“人”或what从句作宾语);适合,适应;一致。例如:
例20:I don’t quite agree with you.
例21:Nobody agreed with what he had said at the meeting.
例22:The weather here doesn’t agree with most of us. (这里的天气我们多数人不适应。)
例23:Your words do not agree with your actions. (你的言行不一。)
agree to:同意,赞成。指一方同意另一方的意见、建议、观点、想法等。例如:
例24:John can’t agree to Joe’s idea.
agree on:对……达成共识。指双方或多方对某事取得一致意见。例如:
例25:Finally John and Joe agreed on the plan.
5.allow / permit / let / promise
allow:允许,许可。指听任或默许,也可用来表示客气的请求。例如:
例26:Who allowed you to leave the camp?
例27:Smoking is not allowed here.
例28:Please allow me to introduce myself to you.
permit:允许,许可。通常指正式的许可。例如:
例29:He declared that he would permit me to do so.
allow 和permit 的含义虽然有所差别,但实际运用中两者常通用。
let:允许,让。其后的宾语补足语应是不带to的不定式。一般不用于被动语态。例如:例30:Don’t let this happen again.
例31:This is not allowed to happen again. (不说:This is not let to happen again.)promise:答应,允诺。用于主动答应自己要做什么的场合。例如:
例32:They promised an immediate reply.
高中英语重点词汇
例33:He promised to start at once.
例34:I promised him to see to the matter right away.
(我答应他马上处理这件事。不定式to see to 是主语I发出的。)
6.announce / declare
announce:宣布,宣告。常指首次公开或正式宣布人们关心的某件事情。例如:
例35:The government announced that the danger was past.
例36:It was announced that the national science conference would soon be held in Beijing.
另外,要表达“向某人宣布某事”,应用announce to sb sth。后接to sb的动词还有say,explain 等。例如:
例37:He announced to us the news and then said to us, “Now let me explain to you in details.”
(他向我们宣布了这个消息,然后对我们说:“现在让我详细给你们解释吧。”)
declare:宣布,声明。指以正式的话语公开宣布某件事。例如:
例38:The chairman declared the exhibition open. (主席宣布展览会开幕。)
7.answer / reply
answer:回答,回应。例如:
例39:“Tom!” No one answered.
例40:Please answer the door-bell. (请去开门。)
例41:He answered that he knew nothing about it.
例42:No one was able to answer him a word.
reply:回答,答复。作不及物动词时,后需接to再接宾语;作及物动词时,后直接接that 从句或what从句,或用于倒装句。例如:
例43:He replied to me, “I need the answer to the exercise.”
例44:He replied that he would not go.
例45:Not a word did she reply.(她一句话也不应。)
answer当名词用时,与reply一样,要接to。例如:
例46:He made no answer / reply to his questions.
8.appear / look / seem
appear:显得,好像。有时含有表面上显得,而事实未必的意味。例如:
例47:This kind of apples appears good, but in fact it tastes sour.
(这种苹果看起来好,实际吃起来酸。)
高中英语重点词汇
seem:好像。暗示判断有一定根据,往往接近事实。例如:
例48:You seem to have made the same mistake again this time.
(你这次似乎又犯了同样的错误。)
例49:It seems that it is going to rain soon.
look:好像。表示凭感觉作出的判断。例如:
例50:What’s wrong with you? You look pale.
例51:It looks like rain. (看来要下雨了。)
9.argue / quarrel
argue:辩论,争论。指提出理由或论据以支持或反驳某种意见或主张,着重说理。如:例52:What are you arguing about?
例53:I argued with him the whole day.
quarrel:争论,争吵,吵架。例如:
例54:It’s unwise to quarrel with your boss about that. (为那件事同你老板争吵是不明智的。)
10.arrive / reach / get
arrive,reach和get都有“到达”的意思。arrive通常与介词at或in连用,它和reach是比较正式的用语;reach是及物动词;get通常与介词to连用,在口语中常用。arrive和get后接副词(如here, there, home等)时,不用介词。reach和arrive at还有“达成(协议),作出(决定)”的意思。例如:
例55:When we arrived at the station, the train had left.
例56:At five, they arrived in Beijing.
例57:The letter didn’t reach me until yesterday.
例58:At what time did you get to the post office?
例59:The two sides failed to reach / arrive at an agreement after several hours’ discussion.
(几个小时的讨论后,双方还是没能达成一致意见。)
11.ask / inquire / question
ask:问(ask sb sth或ask sth of sb);请求(ask sb to do sth);要,索取(ask for sth)。例如:
例60:May I ask you some questions?
例61:Why did he ask you to come again?
高中英语重点词汇
例62:Did he ask for anything?
inquire:问,询问。它与ask同义,但是比较正式的用语;与into连用时,表示“查究,调查”的意思。例如:
例63:I have inquired of him whether he could help me. (我已经问过他能否帮我。)
例64:We must inquire into the matter. (=look into,我们必须调查此事。)question:提问,质问,审问,怀疑。例如:
例65:At first the girls read a chapter from their books, and then the teacher began to question them. 例66:I question whether he was once questioned by the police.
(我怀疑他是否曾被警方审问过。)
12.be about to do sth / be to do sth
be about to do:即将,正要做……。不加任何时间短语。例如:
例67:We were about to start when suddenly it began to rain.
be to do:计划,约定;应该。例如:
例68:We are to start tomorrow.
例69:What is to be done next?(下一步做什么?)
13.be careful of / be careful with
be careful of:小心,当心,留神,注意。例如:
例70:The public were warned to be careful of rats. (公众被警告要当心老鼠。)be careful with:细心,注意。指细心地处理或对付某人或某事。例如:
例71:You’d better be careful with your work / pronunciation. (你得注意你的工作/发音。)14.be familiar with / be familiar to
be familiar with:对……熟悉。例如:
例72:Most of us are familiar with the pop star.
例73:John was very familiar with this kind of situation.
be familiar to:对……来说是熟悉的;为……所熟知。例如:
例74:The pop star is familiar to most of us.
例75:This kind of situation was all too familiar to John. (=very familiar)
15.be known for / be known as / be known to
be known for:因……而出名。例如:
例76:Our town is known for its stones.
高中英语重点词汇
be known as:作为……而出名。例如:
例77:The town is known as a stone town.
be known to:被……知晓,了解。例如:
例78:The hot spring city is known to every one of them.
16.be made of ( from / out of ) / be made into / be made up / be made up of be made of:由……制成。用于由产品可以看出原材料。例如:
例79:The desk is made of wood.
be made from:由……制成。用于由产品看不出原材料。例如:
例80:Paper is made from wood.
be made out of:由……制成。例如:
例81:The desk / Paper is made out of wood.
be made into:制成……。例如:
例82:Wood can be made into desks / paper.
be made up:由……编成。例如:
例83:Don’t believe him; the whole story was made up. (别信他的,整个过程都是捏造的。)be made up of (=consist of):由……组成。例如:
例84:This desk is made up of / consists of twelve pieces of wood.
17.be tired of / be tired from / be tired out
be / get tired of:对……厌倦。例如:
高中英语重点词汇
例85:I am really tired of your words! (你的话我听腻了!)
be tired from:因……疲倦。例如:
例86:I was so tired from climbing the hill that I fell asleep the moment my head touched the pillow.
(我爬山太累了,所以头一碰枕头/一躺下就睡着了。)
be tired out:筋疲力尽。相当于be worn out。例如:
例87:We were tired out when we climbed over the high mountain.
18.believe / believe in / depend on
believe:相信(指信某人的言语);认为(相当于be sure)。例如:
例88:Don’t believe him; he’s lying. (别听他的,他在说谎。)
例89:I believe they’ll succeed in the end.
believe in:信任(指胜任某人);信仰(指信仰真理、主张、宗教等)。例如:
例90:Don’t believe in him; he’s always lying. (不可信任他,他老说谎。)
例91:I believe what sh e said, but I don’t believe in her. (我相信她所说的,但我不信任她。)例92:We must work, and above all we must believe in ourselves.
(我们得工作,最重要的是我们得信任自己。)
例93:Most of them believe in God.
depend on:信任(相当于believe in或trust);依靠(相当于live on);取决于。例如:
例94:He is a man to depend on / believe in / trust. (他是个可信任的人。)
例95:Do you still depend on / live on your parents? (你还靠父母吗?)
例96:Everything depends on the weather tomorrow. (一切取决于明天的天气。)19.borrow / lend
borrow:借,借用。指借入,不带双宾语。结构:borrow sth from sb。例如:
例97:Can I borrow your pen?
例98:He borrows money from me frequently.
lend:把……借给。指借出,可带双宾。结构:lend sb sth =lend sth to sb。例如:
例99:Could you lend me your pen?
例100:Will you lend your bike to me?
20.bring / take / fetch / get / carry
bring:带来。例如:
例101:Bring the book here tomorrow.
高中英语重点词汇
take:拿走。例如:
例102:Don’t take the magazines out of the reading-room.
fetch:去拿来。例如:
例103:Go downstairs and fetch me some water.
get:去拿来。与fetch同义,但较口语化。例如:
例104:She got him a good doctor. (她为他请来了一位好医生。)
carry:携带。指随身携带,如捧、抱、扛、运等。例如:
例105:He carried a bag of rice on his shoulder.
例106:He often carries a pocket dictionary when he goes out.
(他出门时经常带着一本袖珍词典。)
21.build / put up / set up
build:建设,建筑。常用于建造房屋、桥梁、道路等,也用于建设国家、城市等。如:例107:A new bridge was built in this village last month.
例108:We are building a socialist country.
put up:建设,搭建。侧重于搭盖临时性的建筑物;在现代英语中,可与build通用。还有“张贴,挂起,举起”等意思。例如:
例109:They had to put up the tents before dark.
例110:If you have any questions, please put up (=raise) your hands.
例111:Why not put up a notice on the wall there?
set up:建设,创建。常用于创立组织、机构、团体、学校、工厂、公司等。例如:
例112:Another night school was set up. (又一所夜校建起来了。)
例113:They set up a committee to look into the matter. (他们成立了委员会来调查这件事。) 22.care / mind
care:关切,忧虑,在乎。care about:在乎,关心。care for:喜欢,照顾。例如:
例114:He failed in the exam, but he doesn’t seem to car e (about it).
(他没能通过考试,但他似乎一点也不在乎。)
例115:Tom doesn’t care what they say.
例116:He cares about nothing but money. (他只在乎钱。)
例117:Would you care for another drink? (想再来一杯饮料吗?)
例118:The children are being well cared for (=looked after).
高中英语重点词汇
Mind:当心,注意(用于肯定句);介意,反对(用于疑问句或否定句)。例如:
例119:Mind your own business.
例120:Would you mind my/me turning on the radio? (介意我打开收音机吗?)
23.catch / catch up with
catch:赶上。尤指赶车。例如:
例121:He got up early in order to catch the first bus.
catch up with:赶上。指经过努力赶上同类水平,与keep up with同义。例如:
例122:We must double our efforts to catch / keep up with the developed countries.
(我们必须加倍努力以赶上发达国家。)
24.catch / seize / hold / catch hold of
catch:抓住,捉住;赶上(车)。常指从空中抓住某物,或指捕捉等。如:
例123:He caught the ball and shot the basket. (他抓住球,投篮。)
例124:We caught lots of fish today.
例125:I got up early so that I could catch the first bus.
seize:抓住(指用力猛抓);捉拿,逮捕。例如:
例126:It’s a pity that I didn’t seize the chance.
例127:Immediately the thief was seized and sent to the police station.
hold:握住,手持,抱着。例如:
例128:She was holding an umbrella.
例129:At that moment I held him by the arm. (就在这一刻我抓住了他的手臂。)catch hold of:抓住,抓牢。指抓住某物不放手,相当于get hold of。例如:
例130:Be sure to catch hold of the rope.
25.catch fire / be on fire / cause fire / set fire to sth / set sth on fire
catch fire:着火(指自然着火,无被动结构)。be on fire:着火(指状态)。cause fire:起火(引起火灾)。set fire to sth / set sth on fire:放火,纵火(指人为的)。例如:
例131:The store caught fire at 5:00 this morning, and it was on fire for nearly half an hour. Nobody knows what caused the fire or who set it on fire / set fire to it. (商店早上5点着火,烧了近半个小时,没人知道是什么引起这场火灾或是谁放了这把火。)
26.collect / gather
gather:收集,聚集;采摘。指把零散的东西集中到一起。宾语通常可以是人,也可以是
高中英语重点词汇
物。例如:
例132:She is gathering wild flowers in the field.
例133:Please gather the students for me.
例134:He wants to gather money for a motorbike. (他想攒钱买一辆摩托车。)collect:收集,集合。指精心地、有选择地收集;作为该意思时,其宾语只能是物。例如:例135:Are you fond of collecting stamps?
例136:They are collecting money for the kids in those poor areas.
(他们正在为贫困地区的孩子们集资。)
注意:作为不及物动词时,两者可以互用。例如:
例137:We’ll gather / collect at the gate of the school at 8:00 a.m. tomorrow.
27.compare with / compare to
compare with:把……和……相比。例如:
例138:Can you compare this word with that one?
compare to:比喻为,把……比作;把……和……相比。例如:
例139:Young people are usually compared to the rising sun. (年轻人常被比作初升的太阳。)例140:Don’t compare your toys to / with others’ all the time.
(别老是把你的玩具和别人的比。)
compared to / with:比起来,与……相比。过去分词短语作状语,介词用to / with均可。例如:
例141:Compared to / with other people, you were indeed very fortunate.
(比起其他人,你算够幸运的了。)
28.contain / include
contain:包含(全部),容纳。include:包括(部分)。例如:
例142:Senior Book One contains twelve units, including two (units) chosen from the old textbook. 例143:This atlas contains forty maps, including three of Great Britain.
(这地图集含有四十幅地图,包括英国地图三幅在内。)
例144:How much does this bottle contain? (这瓶能装多少?)
29.cost / spend / pay / buy / charge / sell
cost:花费,付出代价。通常以事物作主语,即sth+ cost + (sb) + 金钱、时间、劳力或其他代价。例如:
高中英语重点词汇
例145:The book cost me $10.
例146:Careless driving cost him his life. (粗心驾驶使他付出了生命的代价。)spend:花费。主语是人,可以指花金钱,也可以指花时间。spend的用法:sb + spend +时间+ (in) + v-ing / sb + spend +金钱(时间) + on sth。例如:
例147:I spent $10 on the book.
例148:I spent two hours (in) finishing the composition. 比较:
例149:It took me two hours to finish the composition.
pay:付款。例如:
例150:I paid $10 for the book.
buy:买。例如:
例151:I bought the book for $10.
charge:收费。例如:
例152:They charged me $10 for the book. (买这本书,他们收我十美元。)sell:卖。例如:
例153:They sold me the book for $10.
30.cure / treat / heal
cure:治愈(疾病),后常接介词of。例如:
例154:The new medicine cured (him of) his heart trouble. (这种新药治愈了他的心脏病。)treat:治疗。强调用药物或医疗手段进行医治的过程,并不表示治疗的结果。后常接介词for。另外还有“对待”的意思,后常接as。例如:
例155:It was difficult to treat patients (for their diseases) because of a shortage of medicine.
(由于缺少药物,所以很难给病人治疗。)
例156:He treats the orphan as his own son. (他把那个孤儿当作自己的亲生儿子看待。)heal:治愈(外伤)。例如:
例157:It took three months for my arm to heal properly.
31.die of / die from
die of:死于。常指由于疾病、饥饿、情感等原因而死亡。例如:
例158:Many of them died of hunger during the voyage.
例159:The old woman died of grief soon after her husband’s death.
die from:死于。常指除了疾病或情感以外的原因造成的死亡,及因某种具体疾病造成的
高中英语重点词汇
死亡。例如:
例160:In big cities during cold winter months, many old people die from the polluted air.
例161:It is said that he died from / of heart attack.
32.discover / invent / create
discover:发现(它的对象原来就存在)。invent:发明(被发明的东西原来不存在)。create:创造。例如:
例162:It is well known that Madame Curie discovered the element radium.
例163:As is known to all, Thomas Edison invented the electric lamp.
例164:As we know, Shakespeare created quite a number of wonderful characters in his plays. 33.disturb / interrupt / trouble
disturb:打扰,扰乱(使无法正常进行)。例如:
例165:The loud noise disturbed his thought.
interrupt:打扰;打断,中断。例如:
例166:Sorry to interrupt you, but I have an urgent message.
trouble:使麻烦(指心情上苦恼或行动上带来不便)。例如:
例167:Never trouble trouble until trouble troubles you. (别自寻麻烦。)
34.dress / put on / wear / have on / be in
dress:穿衣,穿着。可用作及物动词,“人”当宾语;可用作不及物动词;可用be dressed 表示穿着状况。例如:
例168:The baby isn’t old enough to dress itself. (这孩子还小,无法自己穿衣服。)
例169:He rose, dressed quickly and hurried to school.
例170:She is well dressed today.
例171:The girl was dressed in pink last night. (昨晚这女孩穿着一身粉红色的衣服。)
例172:The girl dressed herself in pink last night.
put on:穿上(衣服),上演。表示动作。例如:
例173:Better put on your coat; it’s cold outside.
例174:A new play will be put on at the Grand Theatre.
wear:穿着,佩戴。表示状态,包括穿着衣物、佩戴首饰以及留头发、胡须等。例如:例175:Can you recognize the woman wearing sunglasses over there?
(你能认出那边那个戴太阳镜的妇女吗?)
高中英语重点词汇
例176:I don’t understand why he wears long hair now.
have on:穿。表示状态,穿着衣物,不用于进行时态;也意为“有事;有约会”。如:
例177:The foolish emperor had nothing on that day.
不说:We’re having on scho ol clothes today.
例178:Sorry, I can’t help you this weekend. I’ve too much on already.
(对不起,这周末我不能帮你,我有很多事。)
be in:穿。表示状态,其后常接表示颜色或服装、眼镜的词作宾语。例如:
例179:The boy in white is one of my classmates.
例180:He is in uniform today. (他今天穿着制服。)
35.employ / hire / rent
employ:雇用。较正式用语,指较长期雇用,宾语一般是人。例如:
例181:Karl was employed by a car rental agency. (卡尔受雇于一家汽车出租公司。)hire:雇用,租用。较普通用语,指短期雇用、租用。例如:
例182:The store-keeper hired 10 girls for the Christmas rush.
(为应对圣诞节前的购物热,店主雇用了十个女孩来帮忙。)
例183:During the holiday they hired a boat and went fishing.
rent:出租。指长时间租用、出租房屋、场地等。例如:
例184:She has rented the house to a young couple. (她已把这房子出租给一对年轻夫妇。)36.fall / drop
fall:下落,下降;重伤死亡或倒下(用作不及物动词)。drop:滴落,掉下;疲劳倒下(用作不及物动词或及物动词)。例如:
例185:He suddenly fell / dropped to the ground.
例186:The price of oil has fallen / dropped by $ 2 each barrel. (油价每桶下降了两美元。)
例187:Hundreds of soldiers fell in this battle. (数以百计的士兵在这次战斗中牺牲。)
例188:He dropped in the chair the moment he got home. (他一到家就累倒在椅子上。)37.feed on / feed with
feed on:靠……为生。相当于live on。例如:
例189:Sheep feed mainly on grass. (绵羊主要吃草。)
feed with:喂养。指喂养的具体动作。例如:
例190:He is now feeding his sheep with grass. (他在用草喂羊。)
高中英语重点词汇
38.fight against ( with) / fight for
fight against:与……战斗, 反对……的战争,可与fight with互用;但fight with还可表示“和……并肩作战”。例如:
例191:They are making great efforts to fight against / with pollution.
例192:In World War II, the British fought with the French and the Americans against the Germans.
(在第二次世界大战中,英国人同法国人、美国人一起与德国人交战。)
fight for:为(争取)……而战斗。例如:
例193:The slaves were fighting for freedom.
例194:He said he would fight for his motherland.
39.find / find out / look for
find:发现(无意识地);找到(有意识地,是look for的结果)。例如:
例195:When I got there, I found my pocket picked. (当我到那里时,发现口袋被扒了。)
例196:Scientists have found new ways to clean waste. (科学家已找到清理废物的新途径。)find out:查明,查出。指经过探听、询问、调查之后查明、弄清。例如:
例197:Please find out who broke the window. (请查清楚是谁打破窗户的。)look for:寻找。例如:
例198:I have been looking for my pocket dictionary, but I haven’t found it yet.
(我一直在找我的袖珍词典,但是还没找到。)
40.forget / leave / remain
forget:忘了(带某物)。例如:
例199:Oh no, I’ve forgotten my key to the office.
leave:把(某物/ 某人)忘/ 留在某地(后面要跟地点)。例如:
例200:Oh no, I’ve left my key at the office.
例201:Don’t leave your child alone at home.
remain:(某人)留下来;仍然(保持)。例如:
例202:The refugees were allowed to remain in that area. (允许难民留在那个地区。)
例203:The boy remained silent.
41.go out / be out / put out
go out:熄灭(自然熄灭,无被动结构)。be out:熄灭(表示状态)。put out:扑灭。例如:例204:The light went out suddenly, and it has been out for quite a long time.
高中英语重点词汇
例205:The big forest fire was put out at last.
例206:Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to go out.
(没人注意到小偷溜进了房子里,因为当时灯刚好熄灭。)
例207:When the firefights arrived, the fire had gone out / been put out.
(消防队员到达时,火已经熄灭/被扑灭。)
42.happen / occur / take place / come about
happen:发生。带有偶然、未能预见的意思,主语为事;当针对人时,意为“碰巧”。例如:例208:This happened on a December evening.
例209:What happened to him?
例210:I happened to meet Tom in the street when I went shopping today.
例211:It happened that I met Tom in the street when I went shopping today.
occur:发生(既表示偶然地,也表示必然地);被想到。例如:
例212:When did the accident occur?
例213:The tide occurs this time every year. (潮水每年这个时候出现。)
例214:A fresh idea suddenly occurred to me. (我突然有个新主意。)
take place:发生。指事先布置或策划好而后发生。例如:
例215:The May 4th Movement took place in 1919.
come about:产生。指自然产生。例如:
例216:How do the differences between British English and American English come about? 43.hear / listen
hear:听见;听说。它既可以表示偶然听见,也可以表示有意识听的结果;用作“听说”的意思时,后接宾语从句。listen:听,倾听。它是不及物动词,常与to连用;侧重听的过程。例如:
例217:I was walking along the street when I heard my name called. (此处是无意识听到)
例218:I hear (that) he’ll be back in an hour. (此处是听说)
例219:He listened but could hear nothing. (此处是有意识听的结果)
例220:Speak louder so that everyone can hear you clearly.
例221:Speak louder to make yourself heard. (讲大声点,以便能使你的声音让别人听到。)
例222:The music is well worth listening to.
44.hear of / hear from
高中英语重点词汇
hear of:听说(人或事)。其后常接名词或代词。例如:
例223:I’ve never heard of such a man.
hear from:得到(某人的)音信,收到(某人的)来信。例如:
例224:Have you heard from him recently?
例225:I’m looking forward to hearing from you soon.
45.help / aid / assist
help:帮助,帮忙。是普通用语,常用在日常谈话中。例如:
例226:May I help you with your luggage?
例227:We helped him (to) mend his bicycle.
aid:帮助,援助。是比较正式的用语。例如:
例228:The flooded areas were aided by many countries. (灾区得到许多国家的援助。)assist:帮助,协助。是比较正式的用语,强调起协助作用;其名词assistant是“助手”的意思。例如:
例229:She assisted me in the experiments. (她协助我做实验。)
46.hope / wish / expect / long / desire
hope:希望。常用词语,其后不能接不定式复合结构。例如:
例230:I hope to visit China again.
例231:I hope you’ll visit China again.
不说:I hope you to visit China again.
wish:盼望。常用于比较难于实现的愿望。例如:
例232:I wish to visit China again!
例233:I wish you to visit China again!
例234:I wish you would visit China again! (此处有虚拟的含义)
expect:期盼,期待。例如:
例235:I am expecting you to visit China again!
long:渴望。例如:
例236:I am longing to visit China again!
例237:I am longing for you to visit China again! (意思同235)
例238:She is longing for the chance to speak to him in private.
(她渴望有机会能私下里跟他交谈。)
高中英语重点词汇
desire:愿望,欲望。相当于hope for,wish for,long for。例如:
例239:We all desire happiness and health.
47.hurt / injure / wound / harm / damage / destroy
hurt:伤害(常用词,包括外伤和感情伤害);疼痛(此时用作不及物动词)。例如:
例240:I hurt myself in the leg when I fell off the bike the other day, and it still hurts now.
(前几天我从自行车上摔下,伤着腿,现在还疼着呢。)
例241:I am afraid your words have hurt him.
injure:受伤。常指意外或事故伤害。例如:
例242:Several people were injured in the traffic accident.
wound:受伤。常指战争场合的伤害,如枪伤、刀伤等。例如:
例243:His father was wounded in the war 30 years ago.
harm:危害。例如:
例244:In my point of view, the rain will harm our crops.
(依我看来,这雨对我们的庄稼有害。)
例245:Reading in dim light will harm your eyes. (在昏暗的灯光下看书会损害眼睛。)damage:损害。常指不完全地破坏;侧重人为过失;不用于指人。例如:
例246:The car was slightly damaged in the accident.
destroy:毁坏。常指严重地,甚至毁灭性地摧毁;侧重外界力量;可用于指人或物。也可以指希望、计划等破灭。例如:
例247:Thousands of houses were destroyed in the earthquake.
例248:His hope of being a writer was destroyed. (他想成为一个作家的希望破灭了。) 48.interview / cover / report / broadcast
interview:采访(某人);面试。例如:
例249:The winner was interviewed by a lot of reporters there.
例250:We’re interviewing six candidates(候选人)for the job.
cover:采访,报道(某事)。例如:
例251:He was sent to cover the whole event.
report:报告,报道(某事)。例如:
例252:We aim to report news to the people as fairly as possible.
(我们旨在尽量公正地向人们报道新闻。)
高中英语重点词汇
例253:Journalists in Cairo reported that seven people had been shot.
broadcast:广播。例如:
例254:The interview was broadcast live across Europe. (这次采访在全欧洲现场直播。)49.join / join sb in / join in
join:参加。指加入某种团体、机构等。
例255:When did you join the Party? (你是什么时候入党的?)
join sb in:参加。指和某人一起参与某种活动。
例256:Will you join us in the party? (要不要和我们一起参加晚会?)
join in:参加。指参与某种活动。
例257:Will you join in our party? (要不要参加我们的晚会?)
50.know / get to know / recognize
know:认识,了解。既可以表示“认识”的那一刻,也可以表示“认识”的过程。get to know:认识,结识。表示“认识”的那一刻。recognize:认出。例如:
例258:I got to know him three years ago, that is, I have known him for three years. But strange enoug h, I couldn’t recognize him the other day when I met him. (三年前我认识他,也就是说,我已认识他三年了;但很奇怪,那一天我遇到他时,却认不出他来。)
51.lie / lay
(注意动词变化形式)
动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词中文意思lie lay lain lying 躺下;位于
lie lied lied lying 说谎
lay laid laid laying 安放;下蛋
例259:The boy who lay on the table lied to me that the hen lying there laid two eggs that day.
(躺在桌面上的那男孩对我撒谎说,蹲在那里的母鸡当天下了两个蛋。)
52.lie in / lie on / lie to
lie in:位于(属于,包含其中)。lie to:位于(不属于,隔开)。lie on:位于(接壤,比邻关系)。例如:
例260:Fujian lies in the southeast of China, to the west of Taiwan, and on the east of Jiangxi.
高中英语重点词汇
53.lose / miss
lose:丢失,失去;迷路。例如:
例261:She lost her way in the mist(雾).
miss:丢失;不见;错过;遗漏;想念。例如:
例262:—When did you lose your purse? (你什么时候丢了钱包?)
—I don’t know. When I got home, I found it missing.
(不知道。我到家时,发现钱包不见了。)
例263:It’s a very interesting film; you mustn’t miss it.
(这是一部很有趣的电影,千万别错过了。)
54.prepare / prepare for / make preparations for / be prepared for
prepare:准备。prepare for / make preparations for (=get ready for):为……而准备。be prepared for (=be ready for):准备好做……。例如:
例264:I am preparing my lessons. (我在准备功课。此处未说明准备功课为了什么。)
例265:I am preparing for the exam. (我在为考试做准备。此处未说明准备什么。)
本句相当于:I am making preparations for the exam.
例266:I am preparing my lessons for the exam. (我在为考试而准备功课。)
例267:I am well prepared for the exam.(这场考试我已做好充分准备。)
55.protect / prevent
protect:保护。例如:
例268:The villagers were planting trees to protect the crops from the strong wind.
(为保护庄稼免受强风侵害,村民在植树。)
prevent:阻止。例如:
例269:The villagers were planting trees to prevent the strong wind from harming the crops. 56.raise / lift / rise / arise
raise:举起(由下往上);提出;饲养。例如:
例270:In order to make himself heard, he raised his voice.
例271:Many shops raised their prices during the Christmas period.
例272:The boy is not strong enough to raise the heavy box.
例273:I’ll raise the question at tomorrow’s meeting. (我会在明天的会议上提出这个问题。)例274:Raising pigs is his full-time job. (养猪是他的专职工作。)
高中英语重点词汇
lift:提起(由上)。例如:
例275:He lifted a stone, only to drop it on his own foot.(他搬石头砸自己的脚。)
例276:She went shopping, lifting a basket. (她提着箩筐,购物去了。)
rise:上升(相当于go up);起身(相当于stand up);起床(相当于get up)。例如:
例277:Prices rise day by day. (价格一天天上涨。)
例278:Sales rose by 20% over the Christmas period.
例279:The sun rises in the east.
例280:The old lady was too weak to rise.
例281:I was about to rise when another guest came in.
(我正要起身,这时又进来一位客人。)
例282:Thomson rises at 6:00 every morning.
arise是不及物动词,主要意义为“出现,产生”,常用于借喻。例如:
例283:Some new difficulties have recently arisen in our work.
(最近在我们的工作中又出现了一些新困难。)
例284:A strong wind arose and blew over our boat. (一阵狂风吹起,刮翻了我们的小船。)57.receive / accept
receive:收到,获得;款待,遭受。例如:
例285:Yesterday we received his e-mail, telling us that he was well received by the native students while he was receiving further education in the States.
(昨天我们收到他的电子邮件,说他在美国进修期间,很受当地学生的欢迎。)accept:接受,答应。例如:
例286:He didn’t accept the invitation he received yesterday.
例287:I cannot accept you as my assistant. (我不能接收你为助手。)
58.remember / remind / memorize
remember:记忆,回忆。表示过去的事情留在记忆里,无需经过有意识的努力便可在脑子中出现。例如:
例288:I remember paying him already. (我记得已给他报酬了。)
例289:Please remember to turn off the lights when you leave the office.
(离开办公室时请记得关灯。)
memorize:记住,熟记。相当于learn … by heart。例如:
高中英语重点词汇
例290:Please memorize the first paragraph of the passage. (请熟记本文的第一段。)remind:提醒,使想起。表示由相似之物或相关人员引起联想,唤起记忆。例如:
例291:The song reminded me of my childhood. (这首歌使我想起了我的童年。)59.require / demand / request
require,demand和request都有“要求”的意思,其宾语从句多用虚拟语气。require侧重于制度方面的要求;demand侧重于理直气壮的要求;request侧重于客气的要求。如:
例292:It is required that everybody (should) go to school at 7:00. (要求每个人7点到校。)
例293:The workers demanded that they (should) be given a rise. (工人们要求加工资。)
例294:All I request of you is that you (should) be early. (我对你的要求就是你应该早点来。)60.result in / result from
result in:导致,引起。相当于lead to,cause。例如:
例295:Careless driving resulted in the accident. (粗心驾驶导致这场事故。)result from:由于,产生于。相当于lie in。例如:
例296:The accident resulted from careless driving. (这场事故是由于粗心驾驶造成的。)61.rob / steal / pick
rob:抢劫,掠夺,指公开用暴力抢劫他人财物,常用于rob somebody / someplace of something结构。例如:
例297:He was robbed of his wallet.
steal:偷窃(指暗中窃取),常用于steal something from somebody / someplace结构。例如:例298:Robins is accused of stealing thousands of dollars from his employer.
例299:When he got home he found his TV set stolen. 比较:
例300:When he got home he found his house robbed.
(此处不能用stolen,房子不可能被偷走,偷走的只能是东西。)
pick:扒窃(常与pocket连用)。例如:
例301:Someone picked my pocket on the bus the other day.
62.run out / run out of
run out:耗尽。其后不接宾语,无被动结构,相当于give out。例如:
例302:Our oil has run out.
run out of:耗尽。其后应接宾语,有被动结构,相当于use up。例如:
例303:We have run out of our oil.
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