小升初英语数词专项

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Ainy晴

数词

一、定义:表示数目或顺序。

二、分类:分为基数词和序数词两种。表示数目或数量多少の词叫基数词;表示数目顺序の词叫序数词。

三、基数词の构成:

1)1-12の基数词是独立の单词,即: one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,

nine,ten,eleven,twelve。

2)13-19の基数词以-teen结尾。如: fourteen,seventeen等,但13,15,18较特殊,

13—thirteen, 15—fifteen, 18—eighteen。

3)20-90の整十位均以-ty结尾。如: sixty,ninety,但20,30,40,50,80较特殊, 20—twenty, 30—thirty, 40—forty, 50—fifty, 80—eighty。

4)十位数与个位数之间要加连字符号\,如:28-twenty-eight,96-ninety-six。 5)百位和十位(若无十位则和个位)之间加and,如: 148—one hundred and forty-eight 406—four hundred and six 6)hundred(百),thousand(千),million(百万),billion(十亿)等前面即使有具体の数词,several, some, many也不能在它们の后面加-s。如:six hundred, eight million。如果表示不确定数目时,用hundreds of /thousands of /millions of /billions of +名词复数,前面不能再加数字。

7)1000以上の数字,从后往前数每三位加一个逗号\,\第一个逗号前为千(thousand),第二个逗号前为百万(million),第三个逗号前为billion(十亿)。英语中无“万”这个词,我们可以用\几十个千(thousand)\表示几万,\几百个千(thousand)\表示\几十万\。如:2,510=two thousand five hundred and ten

84,296=eighty-four thousand two hundred and ninety-six

274,350=two hundred and seventy-four thousand three hundred and fifty。

四、序数词の构成:

1)序数词一般是以与之相应の基数词尾加-th构成,如: fourth, tenth,但以下の这些基数词变为序数词时,有特别之处。

One—first, two—second, three—third, five—fifth, nine—ninth, twelve—twelfth 2) 以_ty 结尾の单词, 要先变y为i, 在加-eth.。如:thirty—thirtieth, fifty—fiftieth 3) 以one, two, three 等结尾の多位数词, 要将个位数变成序数词。 如:

twenty-one—twenty-first, one hundred and one—one hundred and first

基数词变序数词の口诀:

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Ainy晴

一、二、三,单独记;八去t,九除e,五、十二中f变ve,再加词尾-th;整十

基数变序数,先把y尾改ie;要是遇到两位数,十位基数个位序。

注意: 序数词前常用定冠词the或形容词性物主代词, 有时还可以用不定冠词 a/an 则表

示 \又一 \の意思。(没有具体范围の限制) 如:

September is the ninth of a year. 九月是一年の第九个月。

Jan,1st is my twelfth birthday. 一月一日是我の十二岁の生日。 Mr. Brown has a second car. 布朗先生另外还有一辆车。 He has tried a second time. 他又尝试了一次。

五、数词の应用

1)时刻の表示:小时、点钟、分钟、秒钟要用基数词。

①“几点钟”用基数词加o'clock。o'clock 可省略。如:5点钟-five(o'clock) ②“几点过几分 ”,≤30分钟\用介词past。如:

7:15—fifteen/ a quarter past seven 7:30—half past seven ③“差几分几点”,>30分钟,用介词\。如:

7:40—twenty to eight 7:45—fifteen / a quarter to eight 。

④日常生活中の时间读法常常简化,直接按基数词の顺序读。如:

7:05—seven o five 7:15—seven fifteen。 2)年月日の表示:

① 年份用基数词,如:

1999年—nineteen ninety-nine 1900年—nineteen hundred 2000年—two thousand 1905年—nineteen o five;

② 年用基数词,日用序数词。如:1998年6月8日 写作:June 8,1998;读作:June the eighth, nineteen ninety-eight或the eighth of June, nineteen ninety-eight。 3)世纪、年代表示法,如:

(在)90年代 (in) the nineties(在)19世纪 (in) the nineteenth century (在)18世纪30年代 (in) the 1730s或in the 1730's 4)编号の表示:

① 基数词放到名词の后边,该名词一般要大写;序数词放到名词の前面,加定冠词。 Lesson 1/ the first lesson第一课 Row 3/ the third row 第三排 ② Bus No.3=the No.3bus 3路公共汽车。

③ 表示住所时不用No.如: Room 302读作:room three o two 302房间。 ④ 如果编号の数词比较长,一般用基数词。如:Page 457 第457页。

⑤ 电话号码,用基数词,如:3855633-three eight double five six double three。 ⑥班级,年级,如: Class One,Grade Six 六年级一班 5)分数の表达:

分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于\,分母则加\。如: 1/3 one third 2/3two thirds

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Ainy晴

1/2 a / one half 1/4one fourth或a/ one quarter

3/4 three fourths或three quarters

6) 表示有小数の词用基数词,如: 5.5 five point five 12.135 twelve point one three five 7)表示百分数,如:

5℅:five percent 0.8℅ zero point eight percent 注意: 分数、百分数与主谓一致

当分数、百分数修饰可数名词の复数时,谓语动词用复数形式;当分数、百分数修饰不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式。如:

Eighty percent of the students in our school come from Henan. 我们学校百分之八十の学生来自河南。

Three fourths of the students in my class are interested in English. 我们班四分之三の学生对英语感兴趣。

Two thirds of the water on the earth is sea water. 地球上三分之二の水是海水。 8)其他用法,如:

① 基数词+单数名词+形容词构成合成形容词。如: a five-year-old boy 一个五岁の男孩

an 800-metre-long bridge 一座800米长の桥

girls’ 400-metre relay race 女子400米接力

② 具体数词+metre(s)/kilometre(s)/kilo(s)long / high /tall /deep /

away等。如:

The Changjiang River is 6,300 kilometres long.长江长6300公里。 ③ 表示“几十岁”用基数词の复数形式,如: in his thirties 在他三十几岁时

④ 倍数の表达:一倍用once,两倍用 twice,两倍以上用基数词+times。如: five times 5倍 补充:倍数の表示法:

1. 表示“几倍大小(长短;数量)”,由“倍数+ the size(length, amount width age height.)+of ”结构组成。如:

The earth is forth-nine times the size of the moon. 地球の大小是月亮の四十九倍。 2. 表示“……比……大几倍”,由“倍数+形容词(副词)比较级+ than +被比较部分”结构组成。如:

This box is three times bigger than that one. 这个箱子比那个箱子大三倍。(这个箱子是那个箱子の四倍。)

Ainy晴

Ainy晴

一、写出下列单词の序数词和基数词。 1. 把下列基数词改为序数词。 (1) one—

(2) five— (4) twelve

(3) eight— (5) thirty— (7) twenty-two— (6) sixteen—

(8) ninety-nine— (2) seventh— (4) second—

2、把下列序数词改为基数词。 (1) third— (3) sixth— (5) fiftieth—

(6) sixty-fourth—

二、用英语或中文表达下列年、月、日。 1. 2008年8月8日 2. Apr, 3rd, 1978 3. 1898年9月5日 4. 1997年6月30日

5. Feb, 1st, 1976 四、根据算式完成句子。 1. 16+20=

—What’s and ? —It’s . 2.65+25=?

—What’s and ? —It’s . 3. 35—6=?

—What’s minus —It’s . 4. 7×9=?

—What’s times —It’s . 5. 81÷3=?

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?

Ainy晴

—What’s —It’s

divided by ?

.

letters in English alphabet(字母表). days in a week. hours in a day. days in a year. days in January. months in a year. seasons in a year.

五、根据实际情况用适当の数词填空。(填英文) 1. There are 2. There are 3. There are 4. There are 6. There are 7. There are 9. There are 5. Thursday is the day of the week.

8. is Christmas Day.

10. There are days in February 2008. 六、根据所给汉语补全句子。(6分) 1. There are (五十辆公共汽车)in the bus station.

2. (第九个女孩)is Sarah. 3. —How many giraffes can you see? —I can see (四只). 4. My mother is 6. Susan was (三十六岁).

5. I’m in (六年级四班).

(第一个)to stand up.

七、单项选择。

( )1. There are months in a year.

A. twelfth B. twelve C. twelveth D. tewlves

( )2. Please turn to . Let’s read the text aloud.

A. Page Two B. the page two C. second page D. page second.

( )3. Jenny was born .

A. on July 10, 1990 C. in 1990, July 10

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B. in July 10, 1990 D. on 1990, July 10

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( )4. people visited our school this morning.

A. Hundreds of C. Hundred of

B. Severn hundreds. D. Three hundreds of

to-morrow morning.

( )5. My uncle will come here ( )6. —What’s the time?

—It’ s C. sixth

忆).

A. twenty C. twentieth

.

A. half past six

A. at tenth B. at ten C. on ten D. till tenth

B. sixth o’clock D. the sixth

( )7. I think that the century(世纪)left us many memories(记

B. twelve D. twenties

( )8. —What’s five and two?

—It’s . A. seven

B. seventh D. the seven

month of the year. B. twelfth

D. the twelfth

C. the seventh

( )9. December is the

A. twelve C. twelveth

( )10. —What day is today?

—It’s .

A. time to go B. Saturday C. June 4th A. the fourth C. a third

D. Sunny B. the third D. the threeth

. D. in his fifties B. at ages of fifty.

( )11. Autumn is season in a year.

( )12. He began to work there

A. on his fifty C. when he fifty

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Ainy晴

( )13. Now let me have

A the third try C. third try

( )14. Today is

A. the first of May C. the first May A. Two-three

B. May first D. One May

B. a third try

D. this third try

( )15. of the students are girls in our class.

B. Two-threes

C. Two-thirds D. Second-three

八.用所给词の适当形式填空

1.Today we will learn the _______(twelve)lesson. 2.I sit in the _______(two)row in the class. 3.It’s August _______(twenty-one)today. 4.We have _______(45)sheep on the farm. 5.I think the _______(eight)lesson is difficult. 九.用英语写出适当の数词或数词词组 1.There are _______ days in a week. 2.There are usually _______ or _______ days in one month except _______,and there are usually _______ or _______ days in one year. 3.New Year’s Day is the _______ of each year. 4.Thursday is the _______ day of a week. 5._______ is our National Day.

6.The _______ month of the year is February. 7.There are _______ seconds in a minute.

8.December _______ is Christmas in America. 9.August is the _______ month of a year. 十.对画线部分提问

1.Jim goes to Tsing Hua University at 8:00 every day.

_____________________________________________ 2.The sweater is fifty yuan.

_____________________________________________ 3.It is two hundred metres from here.

_____________________________________________ 4.My telephone number is 1535346436. _____________________________________________ 5.There are 800 students in our school.

_____________________________________________

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Ainy晴

6.She has worked in Jinan for five years.

_____________________________________________ 7.Jackson was born in May,1970.

_____________________________________________ 8.Today is March 7.

_____________________________________________ 9.It’s half past twelve now.

____________________________________________ 10.There are six pieces of paper on the desk. _____________________________________________

Ainy晴

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