grammar exercises

1. Please wake him up. He _____ for 4 hours.

A. is sleeping B. was sleeping C. had been sleeping D. has been sleeping 2. He _____ a book, and needs a holiday.

A. has been writing B. had been writing C. will be writing D. was writing

3. It is not yet known _____ computers will one day have vision as good as human vision. A. whether B. if C. that D. how

4. Many of us visited the industrial exhibition, _____, to our disappointment, we saw very few high-tech products. A. where B. which C. as D. that

5. On the other hand concern is also growing about the possibility of a new economic order _____ resource-rich nations of the Third World would combine to set high commodity prices. A. which B. that C. in that D. in which 6. Studies have shown _____ teenagers often suffer from depression. A. that B. which C .in which D. in that

7. It is becoming increasingly clear to policy-makers _____ schools cannot solve all the problems of the larger community. A. that B. what C. when D. who 9. There is no doubt _____ a large number of people have benefited from heart surgery. A. what B. of C. if D. that 10. Such people _____ you describe are nowadays are too many. A. as B. that C. who D. which 11. Was it in that school _____ he developed his interest in physics? A. which B. from which C. where D. that

12. Why do you blame him for his poor judgment on the matter _____ he really needs is encouragement? A. when that B. since that C. when what D. now that 13. Management often works hard to set up a situation _____work is done in series. A. that B. where C. which D. what

14. It is a well-known fact _____ a person will move in a circle when he cannot use his eyes to control his direction. A. that B. if C. when D. whether 15. Very few people understood this contract, _____was very obscure. A. the language B. the language of which C. all it said D. which it had said 16. It is the uses to which television is put＿＿＿＿ determine its value to society. A. they B. those C. that D. who

17. It was not until he entered the classroom＿＿＿＿ he realized that he had forgotten to do the homework.

A. before B. when C. then D. that

18. It was Isadora Duncan who＿＿＿＿ responsible for many of the innovations that have made modern dance different from classical ballet. A. is B. was C. has been D. were

19. It is only when you nearly lose someone＿＿＿＿ fully conscious of how much you value him.

A. do you become B. then you become

C. that you become D. have you become

20. More often it is the President,＿＿＿＿ and not the members of his cabinet, to the populace. A. which appeal B. that appeal C. who appeal D. who appeals

21. We were told that it was in that very room＿＿＿＿ the Republicans held the important meeting.

A. where B. there C. in which D. that

22. It is during his spare time＿＿＿＿ Tom has been studying the situation for several months. A. which B. that C. when D. then

23. It is the news＿＿＿＿ most parents of the hope that there is a safe and socially approved road to a kind of life they themselves have not had, but their children can. A. that deprive B. that it deprives C. that deprives D. when it deprives

24. It is the business of the scientist to accumulate knowledge about the universe and all＿＿＿＿ in it, and to find, if he is able, common factors which account for the facts that he knows. A. who are B. which are C. who is D. that is

25. It is the decline of active play and, I suppose, the enormous growth of purely receptive entertainment＿＿＿＿ rise to a sociological interest in the problem. A. which had given B. that gave C. that has given D. that have given 16. 那时在大学生中流行的正是民间音乐。

现在完成时Present perfect tense 用法：

1. 表经历或经验，常用ever、never ： I have never been to Beijing. 2. 表最近发生的动作或状态：

The new term has already begun.

Cf. The new term began yesterday./ last week./ on Feb 26. I have read some books during the vacation. / holiday Cf. I read the novel last week. I haven’t heard about it yet.

Subject + have / has + not + 过去分词 Cf. I didn’t hear about it.

3. 表刚刚发生过的动作或事情： I have just come here. 结果： I came here. I have just got the book. 结果：I have the book now. 区别： I have a big nose. She’s got a pair of big eyes.

｛现在完成时与一般过去时的区别:1．不能用表示过去某时的时间状语， 例如：ago， yesterday， last week / month / year… I have read the book. (强调经历、经验或结果 )

I read it last week. (强调动作发生的时间) 2. 有些时间状语，如：this morning， tonight， this month， this year 等， 既能用现在完成时，又能用一般过去时，但在意义上有差别。例如： I’ve written two letters this morning.(说话时仍是上午)

I wrote two letters this morning. (说话时已是上午下午或晚上)

3. 现在完成时强调动作或事情发生在过去, 一直延续到现在,而且可能继续下去, 而一般过去时只表示发生在过去的动作或事情。 I’ve been here for almost one year. I came here last year.｝

4. 表示过去发生，目前可能仍然在继续下去的动作或事情，常与since、for或during连用：

Mr.Zhang has taught at SCRTVU for 10 years. Cf. She began teaching at SCRTVU in 1990.:

Cf. Mr.Wang has been teaching at SCRTVU since he graduated from the university in 1990.

现在完成进行时

1. He has been working at SCRTVU since he graduated from university. 表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在，并且还在继续进行。

2． We have been working at the first two Units for three weeks. Have you got the main ideas?

表示动作从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到现在刚结束，用以强调该动作在不久前持续进行的情景。

They’ve been building that road for seven years.

3．Jim has been phoning Mary every night early every morning recently. 表示在最近时间里重复发生的动作或事情。

4． Your eyes are red. You must have been crying.

The room is full of smoke. Somebody must have been smoking here. 表示根据直接或间接的证据而得出的结论。

5．The room is full of smoke, Someone has been smoking here. 表示抱怨、抱歉的原因。

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Present_perfect_progressive#Present_perfect_progressive http://baike.http://www.wodefanwen.com//view/190783.htm

http://wenku.http://www.wodefanwen.com//view/02deee42a8956bec0975e32d.html http://zh.englishbaby.com/lessons/grammar/past_perfect_progressive

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