翻译入门 - 练习题参考答案

《翻译入门》练习题参考答案

Ex. 1

Translate the following into Chinese.

? It is for us, the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they

who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us: that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion; that we here highly revolve that these dead shall not have died in vain; that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom; and that government of the people by the people and for the people shall not perish from the earth. ? 毋宁说，倒是我们这些还活着的人，应该在这里把自己奉献于勇士们已经如此崇高

地向前推进但尚未完成的事业。倒是我们应该在这里把自己奉献于仍然留在我们面前的伟大任务——我们要从这些光荣的死者身上汲取更多的献身精神，来完成他们已经完全彻底为之献身的事业；我们要在这里下定最大的决心，不让这些死者白白牺牲；我们要使国家在上帝福佑下得到自由的新生，要使这个民有、民治、民享的政府永世长存。.

Ex. 2

? Translate the followings from English into Chinese or from Chinese into English.

? 1. He became an artist after a fashion.

? 他追求时尚成了一名艺术家。/他勉强成了一名艺术家。 ? 2.You can’t be too careful while driving.

? 开车要特别小心。

? 3. Tombs and temples of ancient Egypt follow the Nile well into Sudan. ? ? ? ?

尼罗河沿岸直到苏丹境内很远的地方，到处可以看见古埃及的坟墓和寺庙。 4. I warmly welcome those reforms and that success. 我对这些改革及其成功表示热烈欢迎。

5. It is no use telling grown-up children not to make mistakes, both because they will not believe you, and because mistakes are an essential part of education.

? 告诫成年的子女不要犯错误，那是没有用的，一来他们不听你的，二来犯错误本身

也是受教育的一个重要方面。

? 6. A shepherd lost the whole of his flock by a dreadful illness.

? 由于一场可怕的瘟疫，牧羊人的一群羊都死光了。

? 7. Animals become indifferent to their young as soon as their young can look after

themselves, but human beings, owing to the length of infancy, find this difficult. ? 动物，一旦他们的后代能够自己照料自己，它们就不管了；但是人，由于抚养子女

的时间长，是难以这样做的。

? 8. I think that a successful old age is easiest for those who have strong impersonal

interests involving appropriate activities.

? 我认为，如果老年人对于个人以外的事情怀有强烈的兴趣，并参加适当的活动，他

们的晚年是容易过得好的。

? 9.如今，能为他的这本散文集子作序，我觉得很荣幸。

? I find it a great honour to be asked to write a preface to this collection of his essays. ? 10.提高现在耕地单位面积产量有潜力。

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《翻译入门》练习题参考答案

? There is potential for increasing the yield per unit area on the existing cultivated land. ? 11. I am heartened by the assurance which your Government has repeatedly given that

the arrangements for Hong Kong contained in the Agreement are not measures of expediency. ? 贵国政府一再表示，协议中有关香港的安排不是权宜之计，这种保证使我感

到鼓舞。

? 12. 病情应得到及时控制，否则会延误急性感染的治疗，对病人是不利的。

? Delay in treatment of any acute infection is unfavorable to the patient unless the

condition is brought under control in time.

Ex. 3

1. A kiss planted on the forehead of a young Iranian director by a well-known actress has landed the pair in the court and sparked heated protests in the Islamic Republic over physical contact between the sexes.

一位知名的女演员吻了一下一位年轻的伊朗导演的前额 ，结果双双进入法庭，并在伊朗伊斯兰共和国就不同性别之间身体接触问题方面，引发了强烈抗议。

2.Under Iran’s strict laws, implemented after the 1979 revolution led by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khommeini, touching between unrelated men and women, even a handshake, is forbidden.

霍梅尼领导的革命成功之后，严格实行伊斯兰教的法律，根据该法律， 非亲属关系的男女之间，严禁身体接触，甚至握手也被禁止。

3. In course of time the boy, now grown into a man, began to steal things of greater value, till at length being caught in the very act, he was bound and led to execution.

随着时间的消逝，孩子长大成人，开始偷窃更贵重的东西。最后一次，他被人当场捉住，绑赴刑场处决。

4． A miser, to make sure of his property, sold all that he had and converted it into a great lump of gold, which he hid in a hole in the ground, and went continually to visit and inspect it. This roused the curiosity of one of his workmen, who, suspecting that there was a treasure, when his master’s back was turned, went to the spot, and stole it away.

一个守财奴，为了确保自己的财产，把所有的一切变卖，换成一大块金子。他把金子藏在地洞里，经常到那儿去查看。他的行动引起了一个帮工的好奇；这人猜想那里必定有宝贝，所以当他的主人走开了，便跑到地洞里，把金子偷走。

5． A wretched beggar, carrying a ragged old wallet, was creeping along from house to house; and, as he grumbled at his lot, he kept wondering that folks who lived in rich apartments, and were up to their throats in money and in the sweets of indulgence, should be always unsatisfied, however full their pockets might be, and that they should go so far as often to lose all they have, while unreasonably craving for, and laying their hands on, new riches.

一个可怜的乞丐带着破旧的钱包，正在挨家挨户地乞讨。他一面抱怨自己命苦，一面嘀咕为什么那些住在高楼大厦的富人虽然腰缠万贯，享用不尽，却从不满足。他们贪得无厌，往往为赚取更多财富而把老本也亏掉。

6. A snake, having made his hole close to the porch of a cottage, inflicted a severe bite on the cottager’s infant son, of which he died, to the great grief of his parents.

有一条蛇在一家村舍的门边打洞栖身。它把屋主的幼儿狠咬了一口。孩子给咬死了，父母悲痛不已。

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《翻译入门》练习题参考答案

7. However, even if prediction becomes possible, people who live in areas where earthquakes

are a common occurrence will still have to do their best to prevent disasters by building structures that are resistant to ground movement and by being personally prepared.

然而，即使可以预测，居住在地震频发区的人们还是应尽力预防灾难，办法是建造能够抗震的房屋，同时做好个人准备。

8. Many years since in a small territory, there was not one of the inhabitants who did not

stutter when he spoke, and halt in walking; both these defects, moreover, were considered

accomplishments. 很多年前，一个小小地区里的居民说起话来没有一个不口吃，走起路来没有一个不瘸腿；更奇怪的是，这两种缺点竟被视为才能。

9. 老栓正在专心走路，忽然吃了一惊，远远地看见一条丁字街，明明白白横着。 他便退

了几步，寻到一家关着门的铺檐子，蹩进去，靠门立住了。（鲁迅 《药》）

Absorbed in his walking, Old Shuan was startled when he saw the cross road lying distantly ahead of him. He walked back a few steps to stand under the eaves of a shop in front of its closed door.

10. 我孩子时候，在斜对门的豆腐店里确乎终日坐着一个杨二嫂，人都叫伊“豆腐西施”。（鲁

迅《故乡》）

When I was a child there was a Mrs. Yang who used to sit nearly all day long in the beancurd shop across the road, and everybody used to call her Beancurd Beauty.

Key to Ex. 4

1. 她（爱）恋着他。/ 她爱着他。/ 她爱上了她。 2. 请勿在此 / 此处不得小便 / 倒垃圾。

3. 我也没辙 / 没有办法 / 无能为力。/ 我控制不住。

4. （不知不觉中 / 没想到这么快 ）我就来到了小山跟前。 5. 人们要买很多鸟，可是我没有那么多。 6. How can you/he/they say that? It’s (simply) absurd!

7. Don’t (you) try to shift the blame on others/somebody else. 8. That’s extraordinarily interesting/fascinating/amusing. There is so much fun / It is full of fun.

9. He never cares for any possible consequences.

10. The Wang family occupies two rooms. Old Wang and I are considered the gentled folk in the compound. Gentility be hanged!

Key to Ex.5

I. 1. 最近发生了许多麻烦事，使人们清醒过来，重新做出考虑。

2. 她倒是想笑，可是我看到她眼里流露出无可奈何、逆来顺受的神情。 3. 宝宝头上长着绒毛般淡淡的黄头发，脸上露出浅浅的小酒窝。

4. 是否能成功地预报地震，涉及到加州数以数万亿的财产。/ 如果能成功地预报地震，加州可以减少数万亿的损失。

5. 要是没有家长自至终的参与，如果家长没有责任感，这只能是浪费金钱。

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《翻译入门》练习题参考答案

6. 想到这里，我马上决定了如何支配这几天晚上的时光。 7. 他们信仰上帝，同时认为应该允许人们自由地信仰上帝。

8. 他为人聪明，好相处，可是学习不太用功，总欠债，还喜欢泡酒馆喝几杯。 9. 这一家人都喜欢拥抱，动不动就会哭。

10. 有时你会发现孩子们吃东西有坏习惯。有时看到蔬菜就讨厌，挑食，迷恋快餐，不肯喝牛奶，却喜欢甜食。

II. 1. Her sudden fury greatly surprised the old man.

2. This book is a reflection of the society of our parents’ generation. 3. No violation of traffic regulations shall be tolerated (permitted). 4. These books are my companions in my happy childhood.

5. People of Suzhou are known for their particularity about food. 6. More troops have been sent for your protection.

7. The constant change of the course of the Changjiang River in history helped form a great

many of lakes in the area around Wuhan.

8. Proper solution to this problem is beneficial to both China and all concerned parties. 9. Xiangzi (The Camel) became a rickshaw puller not long after he came to Beijing. 10. He has become an ardent lover of classic music. III.

1. 她好不容易才缓过劲来能开口说话。 2. 醉翁之意不在酒。

3. 他是一个无可挑剔的教师。 4. 此时他已经（喝得）酩酊大醉。 5. 他们只是受了一场虚惊。（他们虚惊了一场）。

6. It indeed makes a good story.

7. Several minutes passed before she found her tongue again. Or: She was speechless for several minutes.

8. They put the service of the customer as the first thing. Or: They did everything to satisfy the customers’ needs.

9. Do you have a family?

10. Her mother died of difficult labor.

Key to Ex. 6 I.

1. 当时，许多人不会读书，也不会写字。 2. 无知是恐惧的根源，也是敬佩的根源。

3. 但是我们还是有缺点的，而且还有很大的缺点。 4. 我们大部分的道德观念都有习惯性。

5. 我们不后退，我们从来没有后退过，我们将来也决不后退。 6. 那个家伙肯定是喝醉了，老是唠唠叨叨说个不停。

7. 勇敢过度，即成蛮勇；慈爱过度，即成溺爱；俭约过度，即成贪婪。 8. 五百万也好，六百万也好，七百万美元也好，我决不出卖我的祖国。

9. 日益完善的计算机控制的机器人正用于工业以降低生产成本，缩短生产时间并且减少劳

动力。

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《翻译入门》练习题参考答案

10. 为了使自己生活不犯错误，特制定出我认为可行的十三条守则，这些守则是：1）节制

饮食，2）自我克制，3）沉默寡言，4）有条不紊，5）坚定信念，6）勤俭节约，7）工作勤奋，8）忠诚老实，9）办事公正，10）衣履整洁，11）平心静气，12）品行高尚，13）谦虚恭顺。(rhetoric amplification)

11. Modesty helps one to go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind.

12. If one is not patient in small thing, one will never be able to control great ventures. 13. Showing off one’s proficiency with the axe before Lu Ban the master carpenter. 14. Everyone knows that life on the Korean battle-field was rather hard.

15. You will lose every battle if you are in the dark about both the enemy and yourself. II.

1. I loved myself, pitied, encouraged, and scolded myself. I knew myself, as if I were another

person.

2. China needs to know the United States better and vice versa. 3. What she said made me quite red in the face.

4. Despite the great gains in industry, agriculture remained the nation’s basic occupation. 5. They have done much more for the state than we have.

6. 得寸进尺。

7. 星期天我最不忙。

8. 他双手插进口袋，然后耸了耸肩。

9. 我们还在运筹之中，对手就抢先了一步。

10. 美女王后多半应该是年轻、单纯、头脑简单的生灵。

11. 每当人们上升到一定的地位，他们似乎就以有了一名秘书而自豪。

12. 两星期来，他一直在细心察看肖特奥弗庄园的宅第，注意各个房间、电线走向、通

道和花园。

Key to Ex. 7

I.

1. 他讨厌失败，他一生中曾战胜失败，超越失败，并且藐视别人的失败。 2. 我将认清谁明智，谁假装明智，谁不明智。

3.人们常把闯红灯看成小错，不当一回事，然而闯红灯一旦形成习惯，则问题远非仅是违反交通规则这么简单。

4. 大家庭有大家庭的难处。

5. 有一种缺乏事实根据的理论认为，穷人和富人都是罪犯，都是潜在的违法者，因为穷人因贫困而犯罪，而几乎没有几个富人是靠诚实和创造性劳动而致富的。但是，这种理论好像渐渐被人们抛弃。

6. Ours is no longer a nation subject to insult and humiliation.

7. The people of Africa are waging a hard struggle to win the complete emancipation of the continent.

8. 季节的每一更迭，气候的每一转变，乃至一天中的每一小时，都给这些山峦的奇幻色彩

和形态带来变化，远近的主妇都把这些看作是精确的晴雨表。

II.

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《翻译入门》练习题参考答案

威者，街道由于之前的冲突而一片混乱。

IV. 航天员平安返回地球

中国首位航天员杨利伟乘“神舟5号”在太空飞行约21小时后，于10月16日早晨返回地球，在内蒙古某地平安着陆。航天员称自我感觉良好。图为杨利伟在走出“神舟5号”返回舱后向回收队挥手致意。“神州5号”于10月15日上午9点在甘肃酒泉卫星基地点火升空。控制中心的专家称飞行全程完全成功。这使中国成为继美国和前苏联之后，第三个实现载人航天飞行的国家。

Astronaut Returns Safely

Yang Liwei, China’s first spaceman, returned safely to the earth Thursday morning, October 16. Yang spent about 21 hours in the outer space before capsule landed in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Yang said he felt good. The picture shows that he waves to the recovery teams after walking out of the return capsule of the Shenzhou V (Divine Vessel V) spaceship, China’s first manned spaceship --- The spaceship blasts off into space at the Jiu Quan Satellite Launch Center in Northwest China’s Gansu Province at 9:00 a.m. Wednesday morning October 15. The control center described China’s first manned spaceflight as a “complete success”, making China the third country in the world to send a person into orbit after the former Soviet Union and the US.

Reference to Ex. 12 Translation of Business English

I. Translate the following advertisements into Chinese. IV. Great time, great taste, McDonald’s. 美好时光，美味共享。 V. Intelligence everywhere.

智慧演绎，无处不在。

VI. Take time. Any time. 无论何时，享受生活。 VII. Once tasted, always loved. 一旦品尝，爱之终生。

VIII. TWOGETHER

The Ultimate All Inclusive One Price Sunkissed Holiday 二人结伴

共度阳光假日，享受单人价格。

IX. They feel right, work right and sell right. 它们触感舒适、性能卓越、价格合理。 X. Small product, Big name. 产品小、名声大。

XI. Do more. Work less. 事半功倍。

XII. He laughs best, who runs longest. (轮胎广告) 谁跑到最后，谁笑得最好。 XIII. First in airfreight with airfreight first. 第一货运，运货第一。 II. Translate the following into Chinese. V. Dear Sirs,

Our market survey informs us that you are a big buyer of Cotton Piece Goods. As this item falls within the scope of our business activities, we take this opportunity to express our wish to

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《翻译入门》练习题参考答案

establish direct business relations with you at an early date.

In order to give you a general idea of the various kinds of Cotton Piece Goods now available for export, we enclose a brochure and a price list. Quotations and sample books will be airmailed to you upon receipt of your specific inquiry.

We look forward to your favorable reply.

Your faithfully, 敬启者：

我方市场调查证实贵公司是棉布大买主。因为棉布属于我们的经营范围，我们借此机会向你们表示我们希望能尽早与贵公司建立直接的贸易关系的意愿。

现随函寄上商品小册子和价格表各一份，以便贵公司对我们出口棉布的情况有一个大概的了解。一俟收到贵公司的具体的询价函，我们将立即航邮报价单和样品簿。

盼望贵方佳音。

谨上 VI. Article 15 Developing Country Members

It is recognized that special regard must be given by developed country Members to the special situation of developing country Members when considering the application of anti-dumping measures under this Agreement. Possibilities of constructive remedies provided for by this Agreement shall be explored before applying anti-dumpling duties where they would affect the essential interests of developing country Members.

11. 发展中国家成员

各方认识到，在考虑实施本协定下的反倾销措施时，发达国家成员应对发展中国家成员的特殊情况给予特别注意。在实施会影响发展中国家成员根本利益的反倾销税之前，应探讨本协定规定的建设性补救的可能性。 III. Translate the following into English.

买受人应当按照约定支付拍卖标的的价款，未按照约定支付价款的，应当承担违约责任，或者由拍卖人征得委托人的同意，将拍卖标的再行拍卖。（《中华人民共和国拍卖法》第三十九条）

A buyer shall pay the sum of money for the item as agreed upon. If the buyer fails to pay the agreed price, it shall bear the liabilities of breaking a contract or, with the approval of the seller, the auction house may re-auction the item. (Article 39, Auction Law of the People’s Republic of China)

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