跨国企业避税案例

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James Naismith was a Canadian. He invented basketball in 1891. At

that time, he was a P.E. teacher at Springfield College, in the U.S.A. He invented an indoor game for his students so that they could play even in bad weather.

Do you know how to score in the game? Well, just put the ball into the other side’s basket. You can throw the ball into the basket from any part of the court and you can throw it with one hand or both hands. But you must follow the rules.

Now over a century later, more and more people play basketball. In the U.S.A., the NBA is very popular. People all over the world like to watch and play basketball. They love this game.

The Olympic Games had a long history. In the eighth century B.C., Greece held the first Olympic Games, but there were only races and they lasted for one day. Only men could be in the games. Women had no right to take part in the Olympic Games until 1912.

The Olympic Games were stopped in the fourth century. Then they

started again in Athens in 1896. This was the beginning of the modern Olympics. Since then, the Olympic Games have been held every four years.

The IOC(国际奥委会)makes rules for the games, so all the athletes have the same chance to win. Winning in the Olympics is a great honor. An athlete who wins at the Olympics is the best in the world. “Faster, higher, stronger” is the motto of the Olympics.

i love my family. i have a good father. He is very tall and strong. His hair is short. He is a driver. i love my mother. she is also very tall, but she is shorter than my father. she is very beautiful. My mother always gets up early in the morning, because she will cook the breakfast for us. The food is very good. we all like the food. i have a beatiful sister. she is very kind. she is taller than me. her hair is very long. she always wears a blue skirt. she often goes shopping with my mother. now my father is watching TV, my mother is cooking the dinner and my sister is playing the computer games. i am writing my homework. we are a happy family.

How to improve English score

english is more and more important for people in daily life. students also try their best to learn it well and get high mark. so if one wants to improve english score, the most important point is to

remember as many words and expressions as possible. then try to read a lot of passages to exercise the ability of reading and learn the writing skills from them. at last one should find the chance to talk with the foreigners to make oneself have a good feeling of the english. only when you like it, you can study it well and get high score. How to improve our english grade

english is most important language in the world. also it is number one language in the world. in feature everyone should know this kind of language. people who learn about english, you can find some english books you are interesting, or you can watch english tv

everyday, also you can speak in english every single day.it can make you improve your speaking, listening, and reading. The other better way to study english is read an essay at loud volume for 15 minutes each day. everyday you study english, you will be interesting,and you will think it is fun. so however when you like the english, you can study it well and get high grade.

She is poor girl, her parents borrow for reading university, she just out of school, JiLaoChengJi father found lung cancer.

And not to kiss, YuKuWuLei girl: job, house, even poor hopeness is sold blood, also do not have hospitalization expenses. She graduated from medical nursing will settle in the home, the father mother took care of, then head to the hospital for followed from.

库克表示,苹果公司没有违反任何美国税法,苹果公司在美国和海外都缴纳了其应缴的税收。

从长远看,美国公司税法关系到美国的全球竞争力。高达35%的所得税使得很多私营公司不堪重负,并促使包括苹果在内的众多公司想方设法逃税

成本分担协议,将其之时产权转移到海外税率较低的国家或地区,以便按照、低税率缴纳所得税。 苹果公司在避税领域的创新上远远落后与其在手机的创新上,苹果公司所沿用的是跨国公司运用了多年的避税策略,来将全球的税负负担最小化。避税策略看上去很复杂但是目标很简单:将净利润多配置在低税率国家、将成本部置在高税率国家。 苹果公司基本采用了国际上采用的三种避税策略:延期、转移定价和俗称。在延期策略中,苹果公司只有将利润转移到美国本土时,才开始缴税;在转移定价策略中,厂商会将成本分摊到多个下属公司中。比如:向海外下属公司征收象征性的知识产权使用费,以此增加海外下属公司的利润,减少美国本土子公司的收入。

苹果公司通过与爱尔兰协商,以2%的特别税率纳税,而该国的法定税率是12%远远低于美国的35%的纳税率

中国

企业所得税税率为25%。小型微利企业报批后可执行税率为20%

“我们的联想电脑在国内没有办法卖得不贵,有17%的增值税必须加到价格里面,但产品毛利率只有15%。”大型企业尚且如此,那么对于中小企业而言逃税自然成了生存压力之下迫不得已的选择。

PPT; 在辽宁省沈阳市同样具有各自知名品牌的两家大型食品企业。在履行纳税义务的过

程中,由于管理模式的不同,实际向国家缴纳税款的金额却有着天壤之别。

其一是“沈阳市好利来食品有限公司” 该企业自创立以来,采用先进的管理体制,实行统一管理、统一核算,统一实行纳税申报,统一缴纳税款的方式。为国家的税收事业做出了巨大的贡献。该企业每年销售收入约达到1亿多元人民币。年集中为国家缴纳税款达

1000万元人民币以上。

其二是“沈阳米旗食品有限公司”采用“假个体,真企业”的模式。每年销售收入同样可

达到约1亿多元人民币。而实际缴纳的税款却只有几十万元人民币。

方法是即:公司投资,内部员工做法人,开设个体营业执照,本是正常连锁经营,集团化管理。却化整为零,将下设的连锁店摇身一变,全部变成了假个体工商户!骗取税务机关

的信任,给予核定征收税款。

并且该企业还采取建立二套财务账目,来达到隐瞒销售收入的目的。还将所租赁的房屋均采用阴阳两套合同的形式(即减少实际租金额)来逃避缴纳房屋租赁税金。利用虚假的工资列支方式偷逃个人所得税的缴纳。等等。诸多所见,触目惊心。这些事实摆在面前,简

直让人难以置信。

事例一.微软过去3年合法避税65亿美元

美国国会参议院下属的一家委员会在一份备忘录中指出,在过去三年时间里,微软利用与旗下位于波多黎各、爱尔兰、新加坡和百慕大的子公司之间的交易逃缴了至少65亿美元的税收。

微软每年通过法律政策,合法避税达到了1.59亿英镑。2011的数据显示,为了避免高额的美国税率,微软公司将超过510亿美元留在海外,其中主要是在爱尔兰。

美国参议院一个常设调查委员会称,自2009年到2011年,微软将公司在美国总部的近半零售销售收入转至波多黎各,涉及金额210亿美元,省去了45亿美元税金。

示例二.谷歌过去3年节省税收高达31亿美元

谷歌也一直将百慕大群岛作为其避税的天堂。据官方文件显示,2012年,谷歌将60亿英镑的资金转移到百慕大群岛,最终总共少支付了10亿英镑,约合16亿美元的税款。谷歌去年向英国支付了600万英镑的税款,却通过百慕大群岛的一家公司转移了全球80%的营收。据官方的文件披露,2011年,谷歌在美国海外地区的税率只有3.2%。

谷歌利用的税收协议也加剧了英国方面的谴责,英国谴责谷歌和其它包括星巴克及亚马逊在内的公司一直“不道德地”避税。

事例三.亚马逊去年在英国一分未缴

亚马逊提交给美国证券交易委员会的文件显示,该公司去年在英国实现33亿英镑(约合52亿美元)销售额,但却并未上缴任何公司税。

据悉,为了在英国避税,亚马逊2006年采取了一项措施,将英国业务的所有权转移到亚马逊欧盟有限责任公司(Amazon EU Sarl),这是一家位于卢森堡的实体。而亚马逊在英国的业务则被归为配送和订单履行,所以该国的销售额都被划归到卢森堡的实体。

事例四:Facebook在美避税10.6亿美元

据公民税收正义组织的一项报告显示,一个司法漏洞减免了Facebook联邦和州的所得税共计10.3亿美元。此外报告中称,Facebook正在推进另外一个涉及21.7亿美元的附加税减免义项以备未来几年使用。这就意味着Facebook在当下及未来的税收支付额都不会超过30亿美元。

事例五:eBay英德避税约10亿美元

美电子商务巨头eBay的英国网站去年成交额为7.89亿英镑,但总纳税额却只有120万英镑,仅占总成交额的万分之一点五。如按公司全球平均利润比23%来推算,净利润应为1.81亿英镑,再按英国28%的企业税来计算,纳税额约应为5100万英镑。

自从eBay在卢森堡设立了一个很小的办事处来负责欧盟市场的销售业务之后,英国和德国从eBay征收到的营业税可能减少了10亿美元,两国议员已经要求有关部门对eBay的这种避税行为展开调查。

此外,在2008年,惠普也创造了一系列的短期内部贷款,允许这家公司利用离岸现金来对美国本土的业务运营活动提供资金,但却并未纳税。

相比之下,沃尔玛去年在全球各地缴纳的现金税共计59亿美元,而它去年的净利润为244亿美元,纳税税率为24%。这一纳税税率也是非科技公司的平均纳税税率。

以淘宝为例,因为支付宝的担保作用,在淘宝网上进行交易的买卖双方为确保交易的顺利,在达成交易后选择支付方式时,买方会选择支付宝担保付款交易方式来进行支付,而支付宝规定担保交易付款的支付宝账户不允许从事无真实交易背景的虚假交易、银行卡转账套现或洗钱等禁止的交易行为。这也就是说,担保交易付款的支付宝账户直接的资金流转都是基于交易的,因此支付宝平台可以很容易的统计到每一个卖家的交易额。同时淘宝平台可以很容易的统计到每一个卖家的交易次数。政府可以与淘宝协商,规定其达到一定的交易额,交易次数的卖家提交营业执照。同时由于交易付款的支付宝账户之间的资金流转都是基于交易的,那么这种账户的资金流入也就是产生的销售收入,因此政府可以制定一种基于销售额的税率,支付宝平台根据这个税率对每一笔销售收入代扣税,即通过第三方支付平台代扣代缴网上个人卖家的税费。

星巴克 每个人都知道如果星巴克在英国不赚钱,它就不会在英国继续存在。这不禁让人们想象这一已经蔓延到英国每个角落的咖啡连锁店只是为了维持不断减少的品牌出现频率或者是为了提供就业的社会优势。该公司每年向其总部缴纳6%的经营特许费,其总部位于荷兰,地理位置优越,那里是公司避税国,这似乎表明这一企业根本就没有那么糟糕。但是星巴克在这里只是为了给英国喝咖啡的人带来好处的说法很可笑。

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