基于单片机的温湿度监控系统

XXX大学（学院）

本科生毕业设计

基于单片机的温湿度检测系统

Temperature and humidity detection system based on

Single Chip Microcomputer

学生姓名 所在专业 所在班级 申请学位 指导教师 副指导教师 答辩时间

职称 职称

目 录

设计总说明 ................................................................................................................................. I INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... II 第1章 绪论 .............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 概述 ................................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 国内外发展现状 ............................................................................................................. 1 1.2.1 国外研究现状 ........................................................................................................... 1 1.2.2 国内研究现状 .......................................................................................................... 1 第2章 系统总体方案设计 ...................................................................................................... 2 2.1 设计要求 ......................................................................................................................... 2 2.2 方案选择 ......................................................................................................................... 2 2.2.1 传感器的选择 .......................................................................................................... 2 2.2.2 单片机的选择 .......................................................................................................... 2 第3章 系统硬件设计 .............................................................................................................. 3 3.1 整体方案设计 ................................................................................................................. 3 3.1.1 系统概述 .................................................................................................................. 3 3.1.2 系统框图 .................................................................................................................. 3 3.2 最小系统模块 ................................................................................................................. 3 3.2.1 STC89C52简介 ........................................................................................................ 3 3.2.2 最小系统电路 .......................................................................................................... 5 3.3 DHT11传感器电路 ......................................................................................................... 7 3.3.1 DHT11简介 .............................................................................................................. 7 3.3.2 接口说明 .................................................................................................................. 8 3.3.3 DHT11模块电路图 ................................................................................................ 10 3.4 液晶显示电路 ............................................................................................................... 10 3.4.1 1602液晶简介 ........................................................................................................ 10 3.4.2 液晶引脚说明 ........................................................................................................ 11 3.4.3 指令介绍 ................................................................................................................ 12 3.4.4 液晶显示模块电路 ................................................................................................ 15 3.5 蜂鸣器模块 ................................................................................................................... 16 3.6 按键输入模块 ............................................................................................................... 17 3.7 LED显示电路 ............................................................................................................... 17 第4章 软件设计 .................................................................................................................... 19 4.1 程序语言及开发环境 ................................................................................................... 19

4.2 程序流程图设计 ........................................................................................................... 20 4.2.1 总体程序流程图设计 ............................................................................................ 20 4.2.2 1602液晶程序设计 ................................................................................................ 21 4.2.3 温湿度DHT11传感器程序设计 .......................................................................... 21 第5章 硬件组装与调试 ........................................................................................................ 22 5.1 元器件的选择与测量 ................................................................................................... 22 5.2 元件的焊接与组装 ....................................................................................................... 22 5.3 电路的调试 ................................................................................................................... 22 5.3.1 调试方法 ................................................................................................................ 23 5.3.2 调试步骤 ................................................................................................................ 23 第6章 总结 ............................................................................................................................ 25 鸣 谢 ...................................................................................................................................... 26 参考文献 .................................................................................................................................. 27 附 录 ...................................................................................................................................... 28 附录一 元件清单 ................................................................................................................ 28 附录二 原理图 .................................................................................................................... 29 附录三 PCB图 .................................................................................................................... 30

设计总说明

温湿度的测量应用范围是很广的,对温湿度测量系统的研究也具有深远意义，本课题针对国内外对温湿度测量系统的研究与发展状况，分析了目前温湿度测量系统存在的主要问题，设计了一种基于单片机的温湿度测量系统，对某些有着特殊要求温度和湿度的场合实现长期、稳定、实时、自动的监测。本设计主要由硬件电路和软件电路两部分组成，系统通过温湿度检测电路，把采集到的信号传给单片机，通过单片机来处理采集到的信号并通过LCD显示出来，如果温湿度过高或过低，报警电路会自动报警。本设计以STC89C52单片机为核心，采用DHT11集成温湿度传感器,实现一种智能、快捷、方便的温湿度测量系统。整个系统由温湿度检测电路、LCD显示电路、键盘电路、报警电路和单片机等组成。设计的系统结构简单紧凑，功耗较低，抗干扰能力强、总体性能比较好，符合了智能仪器仪表小型化的潮流，为今后开发高性能和商品化的温湿度测量仪器奠定了良好的基础。

关键词：单片机；温湿度；液晶

I

INTRODUCTION

Temperature and humidity measurement application range is very wide, the research on temperature and humidity measurement system has the profound meaning, aiming at domestic and foreign to the temperature and humidity measurement system research and development situation, analyzes the main problems existing in current temperature and humidity measuring system, the design of a temperature and humidity measuring system with single chip microcomputer based on the monitoring, some special requirements for temperature and humidity to achieve long-term, stable, real-time situations, automatic. Mainly by the design of hardware circuit and software circuit composed of two parts, the system through the temperature and humidity detection circuit, the acquisition of signal to the microcontroller, through the microcontroller to handle the signal collected and displayed through the LCD, if the temperature and humidity is too high or too low, alarm circuit will automatically alarm. It takes AT89C52 microcontroller as the core, adopts SHT11 integrated temperature and humidity sensor to achieve an intelligent, fast, convenient temperature and humidity measuring system, the whole system consists of temperature and humidity detection circuit, clock circuit, LCD display circuit, keyboard circuit, alarm circuit and MCU etc.. The system design of the structure is simple and compact, low power consumption, strong anti-interference ability, better overall performance, in line with the intelligent instrument miniaturization trend, has laid the good foundation for the future development of temperature and humidity measuring instrument of high performance and commercialization.

KEYWORDS: Single Chip Microcompute; Temperature and humidity; Liquid crystal

II

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