专四语法重点

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英语专业四级语法

英语专业四级的语法与词汇考题主要是围绕11项语法要点：从属分句、非限定动词、虚拟语气、情态动词、限定词、句子成分、倒装、动词时态、附加成分和强调句型。而考试的重点和难点则集中在考核考生对从属分句、非限定性动词、虚拟语气、情态动词和动词时态等语法的应用上。

英语专业四级语法点：倒装、反意疑问句

2011年04月04日 所属：TEM4 来源：上海外教社 作者：上海外教社

英语专业四级语法点（tem4真题语法解析）：倒装、反意疑问句。- 英语专业四级语法要点：倒装

1.So badly _____ in the car accident that he had to stay in hospital for a few months. (1994)

A. did he injure B. injured him

C. was he injured D. he was injured (C，倒装，将助动词提到主语前，被动。)

2. He is not under arrest, ______ any restriction on him. (1995)

A. or the police have placed B. or have the police placed

C. nor the police have placed D. nor have the police placed

(D，AB中的or表示“否则”，与题意不符；nor放在句首要倒装。)

3. ___ both sides accept the agreement ___ a lasting peace be established in this region. (2004)

A. Only if, will B. If only, would C. Should, will D. Unless, would

(A，only if表示“只有。。。才”，放在句首，句子要倒装；“只有双方都接

受和约，永久的和平才有可能建立起来”。if only表示“要是。。。多好”)

4.Little _______about her own safety, though she herself was in great danger.

A. she cared B. she may care C. may she care D. could have thought

英语专业四级语法要点：反意疑问句

1. A hibernating animal needs hardly any food all through the winter, _____? (1992)

A. need it B. needn’t it C. does it D. doesn’t it （C，need是实义动词不是情态动词，hardly是否定副词，因此前面的分句是否定句。） 2.You

and I could hardly understand, ______?

(1995)

A. could I B. couldn’t you C. couldn’t we D. could we （D，hardly的解释同上。）

3. When you have finished with that video tape, don’t forget to put it in my drawer, ___? (1997)

A. do you B. will you C. don’t you D. won’t you

（B，前面句子是第二人称祈使句时，后面要用will (would) you或won’t you; 本题中，前面的句子是否定句，因此后面用肯定的。）

4.Do help yourself to some fruit, _____ you? (2000)

A. can’t B. don’t C. wouldn’t D. won’t （D，同上。）

5.She would have been more agreeable if she had changed a little bit, _____? (2003)

A. hadn’t she B. hasn’t she C. wouldn’t she D. didn’t she

（C，反意疑问句的谓语动词与主句一致。“她如果稍微改变一下就会更受欢迎，对吗？”）

6.When you have finished with that book, don’t forget to put it back on my desk,________?

A. do you B. don’t you C. will you D. won’t you

7. She seldom goes to the theatre,_______?

A. doesn’t she B. does she C. would she D. would’ t she

8. When you have finished with the book, don’t forget to return it to Tim,_______?

英语专四语法:非限定性从句(不定式、动名词、分词)

英语专业四级考试真题语法点解析:非限定性从句(不定式、动名词、分词)。

非限定性从句（不定式、动名词、分词）

1.____ is not a serious disadvantage in life. (2001)

A. To be not tall B. Not to be tall C. Being not tall D. Not being tall

（D．AC不对是因为动词不定式和动名词的否定结构形式应为not to do, not doing；B动词不定式短语作主语通常表示特定的具体的行为，特别是表示将来的或一次性的行为，To skate on real ice is his dream. D动名词作主语表示抽象一般的概念。Skating on real ice is great fun.）

2.This may have preserved the elephant from being wiped out as well as other animals _____ in Africa.

A. hunted B. hunting C. that hunted D. are hunted

（A，完整结构应为：the elephant from being wiped out as well as other animals (from being) hunted in Africa;“此举也许既能保护非洲的其他动物不被猎杀，又能使大象免受灭族之灾”）

3.The Clarks haven’t decided yet which hotel ______. (1998)

A. to stay B. is to stay C. to stay at D. is for staying （C，stay是不及物动词，必须接介词才能跟宾语。）

4. In international matches, prestige is so important that the only thing that matters is to avoid _____. (1996) A.

from

being

beaten

B.

being

beaten

C. beating D. to be beaten

（B，avoid后接动名词做宾语。被动，因此B。“避免被对手打败”）

5. He resented _____ to wait. He expected the minister _____ him at once. (1995)

A. to be asked, to see B. being asked, to see C. to be asked, seeing D. being asked, seeing

（B，resent后接动名词，expect后接不定式。）

6.I never regretted _____ the offer, for it was not where my interest lay. (1993) A.

not

to

accept

B. not having accepted C.

having not accepted

D. not accepting

（D, regret doing sth.表示“后悔做过某事”，事情已经发生了，常用动名词的一般形式表示动作已经发生了。）

7.He noticed the helicopter hovering over the field. Then to his astonishment, he saw a rope ladder _____ out and three men climbing down it. (1995)

A. throwing B. being thrown C. having thrown D. having been thrown

（B，see可与现在分词或不定式连用，平行结构，后面用了现在分词，这里也用分词；绳梯是被扔出飞机，因此要用被动结构，排除AC；see, watch, hear, feel, notice, observe,等词一般不跟分词的完成形式连用。）

8.Professor Johnson is said ____ some significant advance in his research in the past year. (1999)

A. having made B. ** C. to have made D. to make

（C，主语补足语的动作在谓语动词之前发生，用完成时。）

9. AIDS is said _____ the number-one killer of both men and women over the past few years in that region. (2002)

A. being B. to be C. to have been D. having been （C, 同上。）

10.The Minister of Finance is believed _____ of imposing new taxes to raise extra revenue. (2004)

A. that he is thinking B. to be thinking C. that he is to think D. to think

（B，“人们认为财政部长正在考虑通过征收新税来增加政府的额外税入。”B“正在考虑”）

11.The three men tried many times to sneak across the border into the neighboring country, _____ by the police each time. (1999) A.

had

been

captured

B. being always captured C.

only

to

be

captured

D. unfortunately captured

（C，“这三人多次企图偷偷越过边界进入邻国，不料每次都被警察抓住。”only to表示出乎意料，通常是不愉快的结果。）

12.This missile is designed so that once ______ nothing can be

done to retrieve it. (1995)

A. fired B. being fired C. they fire D. having fired

（A，once连词，一旦，被动，所以A。This missile is designed so that once it is fired …）

13. ______ , he can now only watch it on TV at home. (1998) A. Obtaining not a ticket for the match B. Not obtaining a ticket for the match

C. Not having obtained a ticket for the match D. Not obtained a ticket for the match

（C，分词短语的动作在主句动作之前发生，用分词的完成形式。）

14.Arriving at the bus stop, ______ waiting there. (1994) A.

a

lot

of

people

were

B. he found a lot of people C.

a

lot

of

people

D. people were found

（B，空处的逻辑主语与arrive保持一致。）

15._____ regular training in nursing, she could hardly cope with the work at first. (1994)

A. Not received B. Since receiving C. Having received D. Not having received

（D，receive的主语是she，因此应是主动，A不对；receive的动作在主句谓语动词之前发生，所以要用分词的完成形式，否定应是not having done.）

16. ____ at in this way, the present economic situation doesn’t seem so gloomy. (2000)

A. Looking B. Looked C. Having looked D. To look （B,）

17.There __ nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an end half an hour earlier. (2000)

A. to be B. to have been C. being D. be （C．前面分句构成独立主格结构。）

18._____ no cause for alarm, the old man went back to his room. (1996)

A. There was B. Since C. Being D. There being

(D．C中的现在分词短语的逻辑主语不是主句的主语。)

19.The country’s chief exports are coal, cars and cotton goods, cars _____ the most important of these. (1994)

A. have been B. are C. being D. are being (C．ABD都会使后半部分构成完整的句子，但句中用的是逗号，不能是完整句子。)

20.Agriculture is the country’s chief source of wealth, wheat _____ by far the biggest cereal crop. (2003)

A. is B. been C. be D. being

(D，同上。“农业是这个国家的主要财源，目前小麦是谷物中产量最大的。”)

21.If not _____ with the respect he feels due to him, Jack gets very ill-tempered and grumbles all the time. (2004)

A. being treated B. treated C. be treated D. having been treated (B，If (Jack is) not treated…“如果没有受到他觉得应得的尊敬，杰克的脾气就会变得很坏，并且不停地抱怨。”)

22. Time _____, the celebration will be held as scheduled. (2003)

A. permit B. permitting C. permitted D. permits

(B，“时间允许的话，庆祝活动将按计划进行”。time和permit是主动关系。)

英语专业四级考试真题语法要点解析：名词性从句。 名词性从句

1.We can assign the task to ______ is capable and trustworthy. (1994)

A. whomever B. who C. whom D. whoever

（D，介词to后面是个宾语从句，从句缺主语；whom和whomever虽然可以接宾语从句，但它们不能在从句中作主语，AC不对；whoever语义比who强烈，更贴切。)

2.The team can handle whatever _____. (1997) A.

that

needs

handling

B. which needs handling

C. it needs handling

D. needs to be handled

(D，whatever引导的分句作handle的宾语，又在从句中作主语，因此不需要再加任何其他主语，ABC都有多余的主语成分。)

3. After __ seemed an endless wait, it was her turn to enter the personnel manager’s office. (1999)

A. that B. there C. what D. it

(C，after在句中时介词还是连词？如果是连词，从句中的时态通常为完成体，所以排除连词的可能性。既然after是介词，那么后面必定是宾语从句，后面的从句缺主语，只有what既引导宾语从句，又在宾语从句中作主语；BD都不能引导宾语从句。A虽然可以引导宾语从句，但不在从句中充当任何语法成分。)

4.Have you ever been in a situation _____ you know the other person is right yet you cannot agree with him? (2002)

A. by which B. that C. in where D. where

(B，situation后的从句是对situation作出具体的解释，因此是同位语从句。)

5 After ____seemed an endless wait, it was his turn to enter the personnel manager’s office.

A that B it C what D there

6 Quality is _______counts most .

A which B that C what D where

英语专业四级(TEM4、TEM4)重要语法点:not+比较级+than,no+比较级+than。

not + 比较级 + than, no + 比较级 + than

1. John is _______ hardworking than his sister, but he failed in the exam. (1998)

A. no less B. no more C. not less D. no so

(A，“约翰的用功绝不亚于他姐姐，可是这次考试他却没及格。”not less than只是比较约翰和他姐姐，没有强调约翰非常用功。)

2.Fat cannot change into muscle _______ muscle changes into fat. (1999)

A. any more than B. no more than C. no less than D. much more than

(A，“脂肪不能转变为肌肉，就像肌肉不能转变为脂肪一样。”not … any more than意思是“和…同样都不…”。)

英语专业四级真题语法点解析:as

2011年04月04日 所属：TEM4 来源：上海外教社 作者：上海外教社

从英语专业四级历年真题解析专四重点语法点：as。 as

1.Some dieters find that after their dieting is over, they ate twice _______ they did before their diet. (1993)

A. more than B. as many as C. much than D. as much as (D,“饭量是以前的两倍”。A是指“三倍”，不合常理。)

2.Language belongs to each member of the society, to the cleaner ___ to the professor. (1998)

A. as far as B. the same as C. as much as D. as long as

(C，as much as“达到与……一样的程度”，完整的后半个句子应是：language belongs to

the cleaner as much as it belong to the professor “语言属于社会的每个成员，既属于清洁工，也属于教授”；as far as“一直到某个程度”；the same as“与……一样”；表示“清洁工和教授是一样的”，意思不妥；as long as“只要”。)

3.She did her work ______ her manager had instructed. (2002)

A. as B. until C. when D. though

(as可表示方式，意思是“按照，如同”；“她依照经理的指示办事。”A。)

4.The trumpet player was certainly loud. But I wasn’t bothered by his loudness ______ by his lack of talent. (2004)

A. so much as B. rather than C. as D. than

(A考点是not … so much as句型，表示“与其说是，倒不如说是”、“更多的是，而不是”。“毫无疑问，那个喇叭手的号声吵死了，但与其说我烦他的声音大，倒不如说烦他没吹号的天分。”)

5.His remarks were ________ annoy everybody at the meeting. (2005)

A. so as to B. such as to C. such to D. as much as to

(such as为固定搭配，意为“到如此程度以致”，又如：His illness is not such as to cause anxiety.他的病还没有严重到令人担心的地步。)

英语专四重点语法解析:than、比较

2011年04月04日 所属：TEM4 来源：上海外教社 作者：上海外教社

从历年英语专业四级真题解析专四重点语法点：than。 -

than

1. Mary is _______ than Alice. (1992) A.

more

experienced

a

teacher

B. a more experienced teacher C.

more

an

experienced

teacher

D. more experienced teacher

（an experienced teacher, 比较级加在形容词前，因此B。）

2._______ the two, Bob is ________ student. (1995) A.

Of,

more

diligent

B. In, more diligent C.

Of,

the

more

diligent

D. In, the more diligent

（the ＋ 比较级 ＋ of the two，因此C。）

3.Western Nebraska generally receives less snow than _______ Eastern Nebraska. (1996)

A. in B. it receives in C. does D. it does in

（完整形式应该是：than Eastern Nebraska receives snow，省去了部分谓语，保留了主语和助动词，可以倒装，因此C。）

4.The indoor swimming pool seems to be a great more luxurious than _______. (1998)

A. is necessary B. being necessary C. to be necessary D. it is necessary

（这个句子是一个由than引导的比较状语从句，既然是从句那么可以排除BC；than引导的从句中省略了的主语应该是the indoor swimming pool，为避免重复，一般省略，不需要用it来指代。A。）5.There ought to be less anxiety over the perceived risk of mountain climbing than ______ in the public mind today. (1999)

A. exists B. exist C. existing D. to exist

（省略了的主语是anxiety，因此谓语动词用第三人称单数：A）

6. The experiment requires more money than _______. (2002) A.

have

been

put

in

B. being put in C.

has

been

put

in

D. to be put in

（than引导的从句中省略了的主语应该是money，因此谓语动词要

一．根据全句的相互补充说明确定答案

例1． Most people failed to _____the airplane tickets

because of the horrible weather during the Spring Festival.

A. preserve B. reserve C. retain

D. sustain

题意：由于春节期间恶劣的天气，很多人都没有订到飞

机票。

题解：下半句谈到春节期间恶劣天气，是对上半句“预

订飞机票”的原因阐述。四个选项中，只有reserve有“预订”之意。因此答案为B.

二．根据上下文转折关系确定答案。

例2． Mary wanted to visit Xi’an in the holiday, but her

brother rejected the idea _____ a trip to the beach..

A. instead of B. in favor of C. in view of

D. in case of

题意：玛丽想在假期去西安，但他哥哥反对，他赞成去

海边玩。

题解：but为转折词，说明哥哥反对visit Xi’an in the

holiday，而赞成a trip to the beach。由此观之，in favor of最为合适.

三．根据常识确定答案。

例3． Copper that is _____ to the weather will turn

green.

A. exposed B. exploded C. explored

D. expanded

题意：暴露在空气中的铜会变绿。

题解： expose 为“使暴露，使露出”； explode 为

“爆炸”； explore为“探险，探索”； expand 为“开拓”。根据常识我们可知应理解为“使暴露，使露出”。

四．根据动词词组中的动词确定答案。

例4． This article ____ more attention to protect the

natural environment.

A. calls for B. applies for C. cares for

D. allows for

题意：这篇文章呼吁人们多关注环保问题。

题解：call常表示目的“为了”； 而for表示“呼唤”；

两者合在一起则为“为了┈而呼唤”上下文的意思是“为了引起更多的关注而呼唤”。因此，正确答案为A。

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