2007年高中总复习第一轮英语 Senior Book 3 Unit 5-Unit 6

Unit 5-Unit 6

单元 考查重点及热点 advertise advertiser brand consideration charge loss blame broadcast post react annoy defender frequent salesman saleswoman figure profit campaign policy spokesman spokeswoman target nowadays waitress bridegroom attach discount bargain 短语 句型 take sth. into consideration in charge get across hand in hand keep an eye out for sb./sth. make sense on the one hand,...on the other hand... quit apply circumstance survival biscuit goat flour nail razor 单词 Unit 6 短语 句型 bedding ox frontier salty pond burden beast thirst starvation anxiety tax granddaughter flu throat sickness relief deliver Arctic tough quilt packet ray bark memorial retell properly add up lose heart take it easy keep up go for common sense lose one’s way come to an end live through tie up v.-ing形式作时间状语 单词 Unit 5 Unit 5

理解：要点诠释

单词

1.blame

讲: v.& n.归咎于；责怪；责任。作动词没有用语言责骂的意思。 短语:blame sb.for...因某事责备某人

blame sth.on sb.=put/lay the blame on sb.把某事归咎于某人

be to blame(for...)注意该短语中的不定式to blame为主动形式表被动意思。 bear/take/accept/get the blame for sth.(对某事)承担责任 例:He blamed me for my carelessness. 他责备我的疏忽大意。

Comrade Li is not to blame for the accident. 这次事故不能怨李同志。

If you fail the exam you’ll only have yourself to blame. 你若考试失败，只能怪自己。

She blamed him for the failure of their marriage. 她把婚姻的失败归咎于他。

Where does the blame for our failure lie? 我们失败的症结在哪里？ 链接·提示

比较:scold表示唠唠叨叨地“数说”，而不是用肮脏语言骂人，一般多用于母亲对孩子，妻子对丈夫等情况。如:The mother scolded the boy for not cleaning up his room.这个孩子因没有整理房间而受到母亲的责备。

练:________his age,he did it quite well,so don’t_________him any more. A.Given;blame B.Considered;say

C.To regard;scold D.Considering;speak 提示:given在此为介词，意思为:if one takes into account“考虑”。 答案:A

2.annoy

讲： v.打扰；使烦恼

短语:annoy...with sth./by doing sth.通过??打扰某人 be annoyed with/at...对??生气/烦恼 例:These flies are annoying me. 这些苍蝇使我烦恼。

Don’t annoy your neighbours by singing loudly at night. 夜晚不要大声唱歌，以免打扰邻居。 She was annoyed with him because he was late. 因为他迟到，她对他生气了。

I was annoyed because I missed the bus. 由于误了汽车，我感到很烦恼。 链接·提示

同义词:trouble。比较:interrupt“打断某人的话”， disturb“打扰”。

练:I’m extremely ________at the way he always stares at me in the office.

A.troubled B.worried C.annoyed D.anxious 提示:本句话的意思为:他在办公室里老是目不转睛地盯着我，真把我气坏了。短语be annoyed at表示“对??生气”。 答案:C

3.profit

讲： n.& v.收益；利润；赢利；益处；从??吸取教训；得益于某事物 短语:earn/make a profit赢利

gain profit 获益

profit by/from doing sth.从??中获益

例:There’s no profit in running a cinema in this town. 这个镇的电影院是无利可图的。 They’re only interested in a quick profit. 他们急功近利。

They make a profit of ten pence on every copy they sell. 他们每售出一本赢利十便士。

He is getting married again,after two divorces,so he obviously hasn’t profited by his experiences. 他两次离婚之后又结婚，显然没有吸取以往的教训。 He profited greatly from his year abroad. 他在国外一年获益匪浅。 I have profited from your advice. 你的建议对我很有好处。

链接·提示

用作名词，表示“利润；赢利”时，既可是可数名词也可是不可数名词；表示“益处”时，为不可数名词。

练:Their play enjoyed great success and brought in a large_______ to the theatre.

A.advantage B.profit C.income D.interest

提示:演出大获成功，所以给剧院带来巨大的利润。income表示“定期的收入或所得”,interest可以表示“股份，利息”，advantage指的是“优势”。 答案:B

4.attach

讲： v. 将某物系在；贴上；安装；依附；使隶属于；归于 结构:attach sth.to sth. attach oneself to attach sb.to sb./sth. attach to sb.

例:I attached a lamp to my bicycle. 我在自行车上装了个灯。

She attached a stamp to the envelope and mailed it. 她在信封上贴上邮票然后寄了出去。

Attached to this letter you will find the contract. 随信附上合同书。

A young man attached himself to me at the party and I couldn’t get rid of him. 聚会中有个小青年缠着我，我怎么也甩不开他。 I attached myself to a group of tourists entering the museum. 我随着一队游客混入了博物馆。

You’ll be attached to this apartment until the end of the year. 你在年底前将暂属于这一部门。

链接·提示

attached adj. 依恋；爱慕 be attached to...;attachment n. 附件。

在表示“系、拴”的意思时，还可以用fasten和tie。表示“系在??的上面”，可用短语attach/fasten/tie...to...。

练:I will______ a document to the letter.Please sign it and mail it back to me as soon as possible. A.send B.attach C.fix D.follow 提示:attach此处意为“随信附上”，句意为“我将随信附上一份文件，请签上名后尽快寄回”。 答案:B

短语 1.in charge(of)

讲：该短语的意思为“管理,即某人管理或负责??”。

例:I’ll be in charge of the whole factory next week,when the director is away. 下周董事离开，我将负责整个工厂。

In the absence of the Manager,Mr Smith is in charge of the business. 经理不在期间由史密斯先生管理业务。 链接·提示

(1)charge v.&n. 索价；收费；费用；价钱

(2)比较in the charge of ??在某人的管理下或由??负责，如: The patient is in the charge of that doctor.这位病人由那位医生负责。

练:It is said that the company in_______charge of him is in________debt now.

A.the;the B./；/ C./；the D.the;/ 提示:短语in charge of...的意思为“某人负责??”，而...in the charge of sb.的意思为“??在某人的负责下”。短语be in debt“在负债”的意思。

答案:D

2.point out

讲：该短语的意思为“指出”，如后面跟代词作宾语时，应该将代词置于中间。 例: I’d like to point out a few spelling mistakes in the sentence. 我想指出句子中的几个拼写错误。

He pointed out that the project lacked one important thing. 他指出那项计划有个严重的缺陷。

练:I didn’t realize my mistake until he_________ to me.

A.pointed to it B.pointed at it C.pointed out it D.pointed it out 提示:point out指出，代词应放在中间；point to和point at指着。 答案:D

句型

on the one hand,... on the other hand

讲:请观察下面教材原句:

On the other hand,critics sometimes accuse companies of using ads to mislead us by making us believe that a certain product is better than it really is or that we will be happier if we buy it.

另一方面，批评者有时指责公司滥用广告，误导我们，让我们相信某种其实很一般的产品有多么好或购买某种产品会令人更加愉快等。

If,on the other hand,we learn to analyse ads,we may be able to protect ourselves from false advertisements and make good choices.

另一方面，我们要学会分析广告，这样我们就能够保护自己，避免虚假广告的影响，以便作出正确选择。

on the other hand...另一方面??，该短语也可以和on (the) one hand...一起使用，连接两个句子，从两个方面对比说明问题，表示“一方面??另一方面??”。 例:On the one hand,he is an able man,but on the other hand he demands too much of people. 一方面，他是个能干的人，但另一方面，他对人要求太多了。

I know this job of mine isn’t much,but on the other hand I don’t feel tied down. 我知道我的这个活不太重要，但另一方面，我也没有感到很忙碌。

练:If metal is heated and then cooled very quickly,________,by dipping in water,it will be very hard but will break easily.

A.what’s more B.for example

C.in general D.on the other hand

提示:本题考查介词短语作状语的用法,后面的插入语就是举出的例子用以说明这种情况。 答案:B

辨析

1.make sense,make sense of

make sense讲得通，有道理，有意义，是明智的，是合理的 make sense of=understand 明白 即时练习:

(1)What he said ________.

(2)Can you ________what I said?

(3)These words are jumbled up and don’t ________.

(4)It doesn’t ________to buy that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good.

(5)It would _________to leave early.

答案:(1)makes sense (2)make sense of (3)make sense (4)make sense (5)make sense 2.figure,shape

figure n.数字；人像，肖像；图表；人影 v.出现；(out)计算出；理解；推想 shape n.形状；(模糊的)人影=figure v.做成某物的形状 即时练习:

(1)The earth is of the________ of an orange.

(2)The child would like to ________the sand into a tower,but failed. (3)We bought the house at a high ________. (4)I saw a________ approaching in the darkness. (5)He________ in all the books on the subject. (6)I can’t________ that man out.

(7)Can you________ out that maths problem(=work out)? (8)These bags are of different sizes and ________.

答案:(1)shape (2)shape (3)figure (4)figure (5)figures (6)figure (7)figure (8)shapes 诱思：实例点拨

【例1】 (2005江西高考) —Shall I give you a ride as you live so far away? —Thank you. ________.

A.It couldn’t be better B.Of course

C.If you like D.It’s up to you 提示:It couldn’t be better意为“那就再好不过了”；It’s up to you意为“由你决定”。分析句意可知A项合适。 答案:A

讲评:英语口语的考查要符合英语交际的习惯，不要受汉语意思或习惯的影响。 【例2】 (2005辽宁高考) —We’d like you to start work tomorrow if possible. —I’m sorry,but I can’t possibly start until Monday. ________?

A.Do you agree with me B.Is that a good idea

C.Do you think I’m right D.Will that be all right

提示:对第一个说话者的要求，第二个说话者先做了拒绝，并说星期一才能开始工作，接下来应该问这个时间合不合适，故选D项。 答案:D

讲评:对于口语考查题目要从语境要求和英语的习惯用法上去考虑。

Unit 6

理解：要点诠释

单词

1.deliver

讲：v.递送；传送；引渡；自首；发表演讲 常用结构为:deliver...to...。

例:The mailman delivers the mail twice a day in this area. 这个地区的邮递员每天送两次信。

Would you deliver my message to your mother? 你可以把我的口信传给你母亲吗？ He delivered himself to the police.

他向警方自首了。

He delivered a long speech. 他发表了一场很长的演讲。 链接·提示

delivery n. 递送；传送；递送品 练:We can________ goods to your door.

A.pass B.relay C.deliver D.release 答案:C 2.burden

讲：n.& v.负载的人或物；难以承担的责任、义务；加负担于某人 例:bear/carry/shoulder a heavy burden负有／负起／肩负重担 She bore the burden of caring for her sick mother. 母亲生病，她担负起照顾的重任。 The boy was a burden to his family. 那个男孩是他家里的一个负担。

I don’t want to burden you with my problems. 我不想让我的问题给你增加负担。 链接·提示

burdensome adj. 难以负担的；沉重的；麻烦的

练:What________ me is how he will manage now his wife’s died,as we are good friends. A.burdens B.worries C.affects D.interrupted 提示:本句话的意思为“他妻子死了，我担心的是他可怎么办,因为我们是好朋友”。 答案:B

3.beyond

讲： prep. 在那边；超出；晚于 例:His house is beyond the river. 他的家在河那边。

The new housing estate stretches beyond the play-fields. 新的住宅区一直延伸到游乐场的那一边。

The road continues beyond the village up into the hills. 这条路绵延不断越过村子直入山中。 The bicycle is beyond repair. 这辆自行车已不能修理了。 His works are beyond all praise. 他的作品怎么夸奖都不过分。

Don’t stay out beyond 10 o’clock at night.(=later than) 晚上10点以后不要在外边逗留。

链接·提示

表示“在那边”可用on the other side of；表示“晚于”可用later than；表示“超出能力等”可用out of或impossible for sb.。

练:(006天津河西质量调查) It’s ________ my power to make a final decision on the matter.I’m not the boss here.

A.out of B.outside C.above D.beyond 提示:beyond意为“超过，超越”，此处表示“这不是我的权力范围的事情”。

答案:D

短语

1.keep up

讲：该短语的意思有：使不落下；不衰退；继续保持；使某人不睡觉 例:Keep up your courage. 鼓起你的勇气。

She kept up her spirits by singing. 她靠唱歌振作精神。

keep up old customs 遵守古老的风俗 Keep it up;don’t stop it! 继续下去，不要停止。

Will the fine weather keep up? 这好天气会继续下去吗？

How much does it cost you to keep up your large house and garden? 维护你的大房子和花园需要多少花费？ 链接·提示

(1)keep up with 赶上，不落后。如:

Dave couldn’t keep up with the rest of his class. 德夫跟不上班里的同学。

He walked so fast that I couldn’t keep up with him. 他走得太快，我跟不上。

(2)keep短语还有:keep out (of...)不让??进入；keep off 离开,避开；keep back阻止,扣留。

练:Generally speaking,you can________ English without taking courses while you are staying in Britain.

A.give up B.catch up C.pick up D.keep up

提示:本题考查短语动词的辨析。从句子所提供的语境分析，此处用pick up，表示“不经过正规学习而偶尔学到”。 答案:C

2.leave behind

讲：该短语的意思为“未能带或忘记带某物；留下痕迹”。 例:Wait—don’t leave me behind. 等等——别把我丢下。

It won’t rain;you can leave your umbrella behind. 不会下雨，你不必带伞了。

The storm left a trail of destruction behind. 暴风雨过后留下满目疮痍的景象。 链接·提示

(1)比较:fall behind落后。如:

The major world powers are afraid of falling behind in the arms race. 世界各大强国军惟恐在军备竞赛中落后。

(2)leave 短语还有:leave...alone丢下??不管，不理会；leave off使停止，戒除，省去； leave out遗漏，漏掉，删除，忽视；leave over 推迟。

练:When copying the paper,be careful not to________ a single word.

A.leave out B.come out C.begin with D.come up 提示:此处的意思为“漏掉”。 答案:A

句型 v.-ing形式作时间状语 讲:请观察下面教材原句:

Passing through the desert,we came out into the Salt Lake Valley,which looked beautiful to us. 穿过沙漠之后，我们来到盐湖谷，这个地方看起来很美丽。 It is only the first step that is difficult.凡事开头难。

Passing through the desert在这里为v.-ing形式作时间状语，相当于时间状语从句After we passed through the desert,...。

例:Hearing the news,they all jumped with joy. 听到这个消息，他们都欣喜若狂。 Having finished the work,they had a short rest. 完成那项工作后，他们休息了一会。

Having been told many times,he still couldn’t understand it. 被告知了多次之后，他还是不明白。 链接·提示

使用该结构时，注意其逻辑主语应该是和句子的主语一致，否则就要用状语从句形式。v.-ing形式作状语一般表示主动，而被动式使用过去分词，这时使用状语从句时就应该使用被动语态。

练:(2005北京海淀适应性练习) —Why didn’t you go to see the play?

—_________the whole story,I decided not to see it.

A.Being told B.I had been told C.Having told D.Having been told

提示:从该动词和主句谓语之间的逻辑关系分析，此处的非谓语动词作状语，与谓语动作有先后之分，故用完成式。 答案:D

链接·提示

在使用这一句型结构的简单句式时，要注意根据动词不定式和谓语动词之间的时间关系，选择动词不定式的正确形式——一般式、进行式、完成式、主动式或被动式。 练:—Is Bob still writing that book?

—I’m afraid not.He is said________ the book already to the publishing house. A.to have sent B.to send

C.to have been sent D.to be sent 提示:由already可知动作已经发生，sb.is said to...=It is said that sb. ..，表示“据说某人干某事”。 答案:A

辨析

add to,add up to,add...to,add up add to增加

add up to总共有，总计达

add...to...加??，往??添加??

add up合计，加起来

即时练习:

(1)Will you ________more sugar________ your coffee? (2)These figures don’t ________right.

(3)His illness________ the family’s trouble.

(4)His whole school education________ no more than one year. 答案:(1)add;to (2)add up (3)added to (4)added up to

诱思：实例点拨

【例1】 (2005重庆高考) —Victor certainly cares too much about himself. —Yes.He’s never interested in what________ is doing.

A.no one else B.anyone else C.someone else D.nobody else

提示:由题意“他从来不对其他人干的事感兴趣”可知，此处anyone else“其他任何人”表泛指。someone else“其他某个人”，不合题意。 答案:B

讲评:语境的设置限制了选项的选择，所以要从语境去分析。学习英语的关键在于应用，其目的也在于此。

【例2】 (2005辽宁高考) Nowadays,a large number of women,especially those from the countryside, ________in the clothing industry.

A.is working B.works

C.work D.worked 提示:由时间状语“nowadays”排除了D项，“a large number of women”是复数主语，故排除了A项和B项。 答案:C

讲评:主谓语一致首先要找清主语，尤其是在有干扰的情况下，此处就有插入语especially those from the countryside。

【例3】 (2005江苏高考) They________ on the program for almost one week before I joined them,and now we________ it as no good results have come out so far.

A.had been working;are still working B.had working;were still working C.have been working;have worked D.have worked;are still working

提示:由for almost one week这一时间段内动作在持续，可以推知第一空应该用完成进行时，又因动作发生在I joined them之前，故要用过去完成时；and now提示下面叙述的是现在的情况，用现在进行时。 答案:A

讲评:此题比较简单，单从时间状语上就可以得出答案。还有些时态题目要从句子所提供的语境上去分析。

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