2011届高考英语第一轮复习测评检测试题5

必修5

Unit 1 Great scientists

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1. The farmers in this area had a good harvest last year thanks to the s farming. 2. The doctor had my eyes e for weakening.

3. They were d in their attempt(企图) to reach the top of the mountain. 4. The little brave girl e the crime(罪行) of the criminal(罪犯). 5. You should not r the invitation from your old friend. Ⅱ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空

1. John Snow told the story about the (astonish) people in Broad Street. 2. Don’t drink (pollute) water, because it carries the disease. 3. Some of the people (invite) to the party couldn’t come. 4. There is a car (park) outside the house. 5. We were (inspire) by the (inspire) news. Ⅲ.完成句子

1. 除了这些理由，他无话可说。

these reasons, he said nothing. 2. 我们的英语老师对我们要求很严格。

Our English teacher us. 3. 让我们一起去听北京大学李教授的演讲吧。

Let’s the lecture by Professor Li from Beijing University. 4. 他粗心大意的驾驶导致了这起严重的交通事故。

His careless driving the serious traffic accident. 5. 他捐赠食物和衣服给红十字会。

He food and clothing the Red Cross. Ⅳ. 单项填空

从A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1. The doctor has a new idea on the treatment, which is well thought of by his companions. A. come about B. put forward C. spoken up D. regarded as

2. The students are busy making preparations for the lecture because they will the competition. A. attend B. join

C. take part in D. attend to

3. I feel it is your husband who for the spoiled child. A. is to blame B. is going to blame C. is to be blamed D. should blame 4. he came in, I recognized him.

A. The moment B. Shortly C. Soon D. Before long 5. The warm sunshine the coming of spring. A. declares B. announces C. predicts D. publishes

6. You should read the in the car repair manual（手册） carefully before you start to drive it. A. instruction B. instructions C. introductions D. explanations

7.—Can you work out the problem?

—I can’t your explain how to do it. A. but for B. except for C. apart from D. unless

8. It is sleeping late in the morning that being late for work. A. devotes to B. sticks to C. refers to D. leads to

9. No matter how I tried to read it, the sentence didn’t to me. A. understand B. make out C. turn out D. make sense

10. Your father likes to play golf, he’s really enthusiastic it. A. by B. about C. with D. on Ⅴ. 完形填空

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

Every summer, a great many students travel to other countries looking for work and adventure. Most of the 1 are in seasonal work, mainly connected with tourism and2. The pay is usually poor, but most people work abroad for the3of travel. You can pick grapes in France, entertain kids on American summer camps, and, of course, there are 4 jobs in hotels and restaurants.

But it is not easy now to find work,“5 you speak the language of the country well, there will be very few openings,”says Anthea Ellis, an adviser on6 for students.“If you work with a family in Italy, you’ll have to speak Italian. When you wash dishes in a restaurant in Paris, the owner will expect you to speak7 . British students only have a language 8 for jobs in the USA and Australia.”

9 enjoys the experience. Sarah James was employed to help forty American children in Europe. The two teachers with the children had never been 10 . One child lost his passport; another became seriously ill and was 11 home; the whole group was thrown out of one hotel because of the12 they made, and Sarah herself was robbed on her only 13 evening of the entire trip.“I did visit a lot of new places,”she says,“but it wasn’t worth it. The pay was14 and it really was a 24-hour- a-day job. The kids never slept!”

“The trouble is, students expect to have a(n) 15 time of it,”Anthea Ellis points out. “16 , they see it as a holiday. In practice,17, you have to work hard. At the same time, all vacation work is casual (临时) work. You’ll have a job when the hotel, the restaurant, or the campsite is busy. 18 , you’ll work if it’s convenient for the company that employs you. But you have19 employment rights. As soon as the holiday season 20 , they’ll get rid of you.” 1. A. work B. luck C. chances D. services 2. A. agriculture B. industry C. hotels D. restaurants

3. A. pains B. comfort C. difficulty D. excitement 4. A. always B. hardly C. never D. seldom 5. A. If B. Unless C. Because D. Although 6. A. health care B. vacation work C. language studies D. tourist safety

7. A. Italian B. English C. French D. Spanish 8. A. chance B. ability C. possibility D. advantage 9. A. No one B. None C. Not everyone D. Everybody 10. A. abroad B. employed C. alone D. respected

11. A. driven B. ridden C. left D. flown 12. A. friends B. decision C. noise D. damage 13. A. busy B. free C. tiring D. pleasant 14. A. nice B. reasonable

C. fair D. poor

15. A. hard B. Easy C. demanding D. adventurous 16. A. After all B. Worse still C. However D. Therefore 17. A. besides B. altogether C. though D. until

18. A. In a word B. In other words C. And what’s more D. More or less

19. A. few B. little C. many D. much 20. A. starts B. lasts C. goes D. finishes Ⅵ. 阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

As civilization proceeds in the direction of technology, it passes the point of supplying all the basic essentials of life—food, shelter, clothes and warmth. Then we are faced with a choice between using technology to provide and fulfill needs which have now been regarded as unnecessary or, on the other hand, using technology to reduce the number of hours of work which a man must do in order to earn a given standard of living. In other words, we either raise our standard of living above that necessary for comfort and happiness or we leave it at this level and work shorter hours.

I shall take it for granted that mankind has, by that time, chosen the latter alternative. Men will be working shorter and shorter hours in their paid employment. It follows that the housewife will also expect to be able to have more leisure in her life without lowering her standard of living. It also follows that human domestic servants will have completely ceased to exist. Yet the great majority of the housewives will wish to be relieved completely from the routine operations of the home such as scrubbing the floors or the bath of the cooker, or washing the clothes or washing up, or dusting or sweeping, or making beds.

By far the most logical step to relieve the housewife of routine is to provide a robot which can be trained to the requirements of a particular home and can be programmed to carry out half a dozen or more standard operation, when is switched by the housewife.

1. As civilization develops in the direction of technology, . A. the basic essentials of life must be supplied

B. it is important to supply the basic essentials of life

C. it is no longer so important as it was in the past to supply all the basic essentials of life D. it is not necessary to supply the basic essentials of life 2. According to the author, we are faced with . A. the choice of providing and fulfilling our needs B. the choice of using technology

C. the choice of earning a standard of living

D. a choice between using technology to provide and fulfill needs to reduce the number of working hours

3. What alternative will mankind have chosen in future?

A. To leave our standard of living at this level and work shorter hours. B. To raise our standard of living.

C. To fulfill needs which have been regarded as unnecessary. D. To lower our standard of living and work shorter hours. 4. Now most housewives wish to . A. stop doing their housework

B. do more housework to improve their life

C. get rid of the heavy burden of their housework D. do only simple and light housework

5. It can be inferred that robots will be invented . A. to take the place of housewives B. to help manage a family

C. to do the routine of housework instead of human D. to provide the daily necessities for man Ⅶ. 短文改错

此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个勾(√)；如有错误(每行只有一个错误)，则按下列情况改正：

此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。 此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。 此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。 注意：原行没有错的不要改。

It snowed hard last night. This morning the road covered with snow. 1. There were still a lot of bike coming and going. Suddenly I saw a 2. woman fell off her bike. The woman lay on the ground and couldn’t 3. get up. She sat up but still couldn’t stand up because of her right leg 4. was broken. By that moment a policeman came over. When he saw 5. this he called a taxi. The taxi driver took the woman to the nearest 6. hospital. I went with her to a hospital.There I telephoned the 7. Woman’s office and told a man here the whole story. Seeing that 8. the woman was well looking after, I said goodbye to her. Before I 9.

left, the woman thanked me again and again. I felt as if I have grown up.10.

参 考 答 案

Unit 1 Great scientists

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1. scientific 2. examined 3. defeated 4. exposed 5. reject

Ⅱ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 1. astonished 2. polluted 3. invited 4. parking

意为“预测”；

publish指以口头或印刷品的方式让群众知道，多指后者；announce除表示“宣布，宣告”之外，还可用于抽象

意义，意为“显示，预示”，主语为事物。故选B。 6. 解析：选B。用于说明书时，instruction表示“说明，操作指南”，常用复数。introduction介绍；explanation解释。

7. 解析：选A。B、C两项后不接句子。unless是从属连词，引导条件状语从句。

8. 解析：选D。devote oneself to（=be devoted to）献身于；stick to坚持；refer to提及；参考，均不符合句意。lead to导致，to为介词，该句为强调句型。

9. 解析:选D。句意为：不管我怎么努力读它，我就是不明白这个句子。make sense讲得通。 10. 解析:选B。句意为：你父亲喜欢打高尔夫球，他真的很热衷于它。enthusiastic热衷于，后面常接介词about。 Ⅴ.完形填空

1. 解析：选C。句意为：大多数的（工作）机会都在季节性的工作当中。D项有较大干扰性，空后的in决定了service不合文意。

2. 解析：选A。从下文的“You can pick grapes in France”可知答案。 3. 解析：选D。表示“报酬虽然低，但大多数学生是为了旅游的兴奋。” B项有一定干扰性。comfort意思是“舒适”，我们知道很多学生去国外是为寻求冒险（adventure）和刺激（excitement）,而不是为了舒适。

4. 解析：选A。本空承接前面的分句而来，作者在前面说到在国外学生可以干许多工作，如在法国摘葡萄等，接着他应说，当然饭店、宾馆里也总能找到工作。

5. 解析：选B。表示“如果你说不好你去的那个国家的语言，那就很少有良机”。unless在此相当于if...not,其他答案不合文意。

6. 解析：选B。因为Anthea Ellis 在讨论学生假期在国外找工作的问题，因此说她是一个adviser on vacation work for students。

7. 解析：选C。Paris是法国的城市，结合前句可知答案。

8. 解析：选D。因为美国和澳大利亚人大都说英语，因此英国的学生在这两个地方有语言优势。

9. 解析：选C。从本段作者举的Sarah James这个例子来看，有些人并不喜欢在国外工作，然而从第一段我们知道，也有人喜欢，因此最佳答案为C。

10. 解析：选A。从上句我们知道Sarah James帮忙的这一团队来自美国，他们目前在欧洲，然而他们从来没有出过国。

11. 解析：选D。fly sb. home 意思是“让某人坐飞机回家”，其他答案不符合文意。 12. 解析：选C。表示“整个小组被赶出了宾馆，原因是他们太吵了”。D项有一定干扰性。从后文“The kids never slept!”我们得知，是这些孩子的吵闹，而不是他们的破坏使得宾馆把他们赶出去。 13. 解析：选B。从空前的only我们得知，Sarah James一直忙，（后来）只有一晚上有空。 14. 解析：选D。此空与第一段“The pay is usually poor”相对应。空后的“and it really was a 24-hour-a-day job”也有提示。

15. 解析：选B。have an easy time意思是“过得轻松、愉快”。从后文“they see it as a holiday”可知，这些孩子想过得愉快些。 16. 解析：选A。after all 是对后文的评述，意思是“毕竟”。D项有一定干扰性，分析上下文我们知道，前后并非因果关系，因此不符合文意。

17. 解析：选C。though 在这里表示转折，相当于however。 18. 解析：选B。“you’ll work if it’s convenient for the company that employs you ”是对上句的解释，而不是总结，因此A项不合文意。

19. 解析：选A。从下句“As soon as the holiday season 20(finishes) , they’ll get rid of you”来看，“你”没有多少受雇佣的权力。

20. 解析：选D。从前文“all vacation work is casual work”可知，假期一结束，他们就会解雇“你”。 Ⅵ. 阅读理解

1. 解析：选C。本题为细节题。由第一段的第一句“...it passes the point of supplying all the basic essentials...”可知选C。

2. 解析：选D。由文章第一段第二句可知，我们面临着选择是:或者用技术提供和满足需求，或者应用技术缩减工作时间。

3. 解析：选A。本题为推断题。从文章第一段最后一句和第二段第一句判断，人类所选择的是使我们的生活水准停留在这种水平并且使工时缩短。

4. 解析：选C。本题为细节题。文章第二段第三句“这就意味着家庭主妇也将有望在生活中能有更多的闲暇，而又不至于降低她们的生活水准”。故选C。

5. 解析：选C。通过最后一段及全文可推知，机器人将来会帮助人们做家务，但它们也不是万能的。 Ⅶ. 短文改错 1. road后加was 2. bike→bikes 3. fell→fall 4. 去掉of 5. By→At 6. √ 7. a→the

8. here→there 9. looking→looked 10. have→had

Unit 2 The United Kingdom

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1. Our class is d into two groups during the discussion. 2. What he said in the meeting p all of us.

3. The c of transportation in this area brings hope to this mountain village. 4. Her beautiful singing drew the a of the professor. 5. The film Hero has much a for the youth. 6. The habit of c stamps benefit him a lot.

7. If something is done for your c , it is done in a way that is suitable or useful for you. 8. An a is something that people can go for interest or enjoyment, for example a famous building. 9. The bad (影响)of the flood is that no people are dared to swim in that river.

10. The (工业的) area of this country made more pollution to the air compared with agricultural area.

Ⅱ. 用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空

consist of/divide into/leave out/take the place of/break down/in memory of/have influence on 1. This word is wrongly spelt. You have a letter.

2. The professor has suddenly fallen ill. Who can him to give the lecture? 3. The Roman Empire in 476 AD.

4. The museum was built the great writer—Lu Xun. 5. The country nearly 200 islands.

6. The cake four parts for us to share.

7. My teacher me. Without his instruction, I doubt if I could be so successful. Ⅲ.翻译句子

1. 现在很有必要马上通知他们会议取消了。

2. 为了不让野兽接近,我们让火通宵达旦地燃烧着。（keep; have）

3. 在那种场合下你还惹麻烦，真是丢人。

4. 当被问到为什么旷课时,他低着头不说话。

5. 他建议教室一天打扫两次。

Ⅳ.单项填空

从A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1. When I got back home I saw a message to the door reading “Sorry to miss you；I will call you later”.

A. pin B. pins C. pinned D. to pin

2. North America the United States, Canada, and Mexico. A. is made of B. consist of C. composes D. comprises

3. Would it be for you to pick me up at four oclock and take me to the airport? A. free B. vacant C. handy D. convenient 4. nice，the food was all eaten up soon. A. Tasting B. Taste C. Tasted D. To taste 5. I have no one me, for I am a new comer here. A. help B. helping

C. to help D. to have helped

6. As time went by, the plan stuck fairly practical. A. to proved B. to proving C. proved D. to be proved

7. -How come a simple meal like this costs so much?

—We have in your bill the cost of the cup you broke just now. A. added B. included C. contained D. charged

8. In copying this paper, be careful not to any words. A. leave behind B. leave aside C. leave off D. leave out

9. American Indian about five percent of the U.S. population. A. fill up B. bring up C. make up D. set up

10. If a person has not had enough sleep, his actions will give him during the day. A. away B. up C. in D. back Ⅴ.阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

A

Anger is good for you, as long as you control it, according to new psychology research. A new study from Carnegie Mellon University shows anger may help people reduce the negative impacts of stress and help you become healthier.

“Here getting emotional is not bad for you if you look at the case of anger,” said Jennifer Lerner of Carnegie Mellon. “The more people display anger, the lower their stress responses.”

Lerner studied 92 UCLA students by asking them to count back from 6,200. They must say out loud every thirteenth number. Researchers disturbed them by asking them to count faster or ask them other questions. If they made any mistakes, they had to restart from the very beginning. Many students felt depressed about making so many mistakes or got angry.

Lerner used a hidden video camera and recorded all their facial expressions during the test. The researchers describe their reactions as fear, anger and disgust.

Other researchers recorded the students’blood pressure ,pulse and production of a high-stress hormone (荷尔蒙) called cortisol.People whose faces showed more fear during the experiment had higher blood pressure and higher levels of the hormone. Both can have lasting effects such as diabetes (糖尿病), heart disease, depression and extra weight gain.

When people feel fear, negative impacts increase, but when they get angry, those negatives go down, according to the study. “Having that sense of anger leads people to actually feel some power in what otherwise is a maddening (令人发狂的) situation,” Lerner said.

Lerner previously studied Americans’emotional response to the 9·11 terrorist attacks two months after the incident. She found people who reacted with anger were more optimistic. These people are healthier compared with those who were frightened during the event. So in maddening situations, anger is not a bad thing to have. It’s a healthier response than fear. 1. What is the story mainly about?

A. The findings of new psychology research. B. What you can do with anger in certain cases. C. Different effects produced by anger and fear. D. Healthier responses in maddening situations. 2. Which statement will Jennifer Lerner agree with? A. It’s better to be angry than to be frightened.

B. Different reactions reflect different outlooks on life. C. Don’t control your anger and it makes you powerful. D. Pessimistic people are generally healthier.

3. What does the underlined word “Both” refer to according to the passage? A. Fear and anger.

B. Blood pressure and pulse. C. Blood pressure and cortisol.

D. Higher blood pressure and higher levels of the hormone. 4. In what ways can anger be beneficial to people? A. By showing their optimistic side. B. By reducing their stress.

C. By reducing high blood pressure. D. By taking the place of fear.

5. The researchers irritated(激怒) the students by . A. recording their performance secretly

B. asking them to count to 6,200 again and again

C. disturbing them and making them start all over again D. criticizing them when they made mistakes

B

The best way to come first is to go last. An analysis of almost 50 years of competitions—including Eurovision Song Contests and world skating championships—has found that contestants are more likely to win if they are among the last to appear before the judges.

The study by an American university appears to provide scientific proof(证据) that the best man, or woman, does not always win.

It found that, on average, the last competitor to appear in the Eurovision Song Contest was more than twice as likely to win as the one who went on first. The first rounds of figureskating championships, for which the running order is selected at random, showed more dramatic results. The final skater had a 14 percent chance of victory, making him or her more than four times as likely to win as the first skater.

The study showed a gradual worsening of chances for competitors who appeared earlier in the running order. A contestant who appears first in a contest is two percent less likely to win than one who appears second. A contestant who appears second is two percent less likely to win than one who appears third, and so on.

The findings are published in the March issue of Acta Psychologica, a scientific journal.

Robert Hardman, a senior lecturer in psychology at London Metropolitan University who specializes in the science of decisionmaking, said that the results were interesting. He suggested that the effect was caused by the limitations of the human memory. “When people make comparisons, they aren’t really able to make a lot of fine-grade discrimination. When contestants appear at the beginning of a contest, judges have little to compare them to and are perhaps wary(谨慎的) of the scores they give,” he said.

“Later on, when judges are able to compare the contestants to those that have gone before, they might give more extreme marks because they feel more confident about their judgments.” 6. Robert Hardman’s words mainly tell about his . A. own achievement in the research B. explanation for the findings C. suggestion to solve the problem D. comments on the findings

7. The first skater in the first round of figure-skating championships had a percent chance of winning. A. two B. three C. four D. six

8. According to the study, the best competitor does not always win possibly because he/she .

A. fails to show his/her very best

B. is mistakenly put in the running order C. meets with unfair judges

D. appears too early before the judges 9. Judging from the context, the underlined word “worsening” in the fifth paragraph should mean . A. decrease in number B. increase in degree

C. reduction in possibility D. rising in quantity

10. What may be a problem with the judges according to the article? A. They can’t remember things well enough. B. They believe the first is seldom the best. C. They don’t really know what is good.

D. They show favor towards the contestants they like.

参 考 答 案

Unit 2 The United Kingdom

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1. divided 2. puzzled 3. convenience 4. attention 5. attraction 6. collecting

7. convenience 8. attraction 9. influence 10. industrial Ⅱ. 用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空 1. left out 2. take the place of 3. broke down 4. in memory of 5. consists of 6. is divided into 7. has influence on Ⅲ.翻译句子

1. There’s a great need to tell them at once that the meeting has been called off/cancelled. 2. In order to keep wild animals away, we had the fire burning all night long. 3. It’s a shame that you should have got into trouble on that occasion.

4. When asked why he was absent from school, he dropped his head without a word. 5. He suggests the classroom be cleaned twice a day. Ⅳ.单项填空

1. 解析：选C。pinned在句中充当message的宾语补足语，与宾语message之间是被动关系，故用过去分词。 2. 解析：选D。“由??构成”可用be made up of，consist of或comprise表示，但是要注意，B项主谓不一致。

3. 解析：选D。句意为：四点钟你把我捎到机场方便吗? free自由的，免费的；vacant空的；handy快捷的，手边的。

4. 解析：选A。taste为系动词，tasting nice在句中作原因状语。

5. 解析：选C。考查非谓语动词的用法。由句意可知，句子空白处的非谓语动词作定语。

6. 解析：选A。stuck to是过去分词作定语，修饰the plan；proved是the plan的谓语，prove表示“结果证明”时，是系动词，无被动语态，故排除D项。

7. 解析：选B。考查动词词义辨析。根据句意“你的账单中已包括刚才打破的杯子的费用”。include指包含不

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