苏州土元养殖技术指导

苏州土元

品 种 介 绍

苏州霞康特种养殖有限公司

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苏州霞康特种养殖有限公司 13856864436

目 录

苏州土元 - 概述 ··················································································································· - 3 -

苏州土元 - 药品简述 ··········································································································· - 4 -

苏州土元 - 用药禁忌 ··········································································································· - 6 -

苏州土元 - 中药化学成分 ···································································································· - 6 -

苏州土元 - 药理作用 ··········································································································· - 6 -

苏州土元 - 临床应用 ··········································································································· - 9 -

苏州土元 - 常用配方 ········································································································· - 10 -

苏州土元 - 药用动物养殖 ·································································································· - 12 -

养殖方式 ··········································································································· - 12 -

养殖土 ············································································································· - 13 -

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苏州霞康特种养殖有限公司 13856864436

苏州土元 - 概述

蜇虫首载于《神农本草经》，列为中品。《名医别录》载：“蟅虫，生河东川泽及沙中，人家墙壁下土中湿处。”《新修本草》载：“状似鼠妇，而大者寸余，形小似鳖无甲，但有鳞也。”据上所述并参考《本草图经》附图，可知古今用药来源相符。 苏州土元，雌雄异形，雄虫有翅，雌虫无翅。由苏州霞康养殖，雌虫长约3cm，体上下扁平，黑色而带光泽。头小，向腹面弯曲。口器咀嚼式，大颚坚硬。复眼发达，肾脏形；单眼2个。触角丝状，长而多节。前胸盾状，前狭后阔，盖于头上。雄虫前胸呈波状纹，有缺刻，具翅2对。

土元，俗称土鳖虫，是市场紧缺的中药材，随着自然环境的破坏，以及国内外市场需求量的逐年扩大，野生土元已经远远不能满足市场的需求，市场价格逐

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苏州霞康特种养殖有限公司 13856864436

年攀升。据有关资料统计，国内外每年土元的需求量约为3000吨，但目前市场只能提供1000吨，仅为需求量的1/3，专家预计在10年内难以达到饱和状态，若要达到供求平衡至少需要15年。人工养殖苏州霞康药用土元，市场前景广阔，已成为大力推广的经济项目！

苏州土元 - 药品简述

药名：苏州土元

汉语拼音：bozhou tuyuan 英文名：Ground Beetle 拉丁植物动物矿物名：

1、Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker 2、Steleophaga plancyi(Boleny)[Polyphaga Bolivar]

功效分类：活血药；祛痰药。 科属分类：鳖镰科。

别名：地鳖、土鳖、过街、簸箕虫、蚵蚾虫、地鳖虫、地蜱虫、地乌龟、土元、土鳖虫、臭虫母、盖子虫、土虫、节节虫、蚂蚁虎。 性味：味咸；性寒；小毒。 归经：肝经。

功能：破血逐瘀；续筋接骨。

主治：血瘀经闭，癥瘕积块；跌打瘀肿；筋骨骨折；木舌重舌

用法用量：内服：煎汤，3-10g；浸酒饮；研末，1-1.5g。外用：适量，煎汤含

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苏州霞康特种养殖有限公司 13856864436

漱、研末撒或鲜品捣敷。 生态环境：

1、生活于地下或沙土间，多见于粮仓底下或油坊阴湿处。 2、多生活于厨房、灶脚及阴湿处。 资源分布：

1、全国大部分地区均有分布。

2、分布于安徽河北、陕西、甘肃、青海、河南、湖南等地。 药材基源：为鳖镰科动物地鳖或冀的雌虫全体。

采收储藏：野生者在夏、秋季捕捉，人工饲养者可随时捕捉。捕到后用沸水烫死，晒干或烘干。 炮制方法：

1、蜇虫《金匮要略》：“去足。”《本草图经》：“暴干。”《长沙药解》：“研细用。”《本草求真》：“阴干，临时研入。”现行，取原药材，除去杂质，洗净或筛去灰屑，干燥。 2、炒蜇虫《金匮要略》：“熬（炒）去足。”《对惠方》：“微炒令黄。”《圣济总录》：“炒焦。”现行，取净蜇虫，置锅内，用文火加热，炒至微焦，取出放凉。 3、酒蜇虫《医宗说约》“用酒浸化，晒干。”《得酸本草》“或炒或酒碎死用。”现行，取净蜇虫用适量酒洗后，置锅内，用文火加热，炒微干，去头、足。 4、酥制蜇虫，取酥油置锅内，用文火加热 化开，倒入净蜇虫拌匀，炒至黄色时，了预见摊凉。每蜇虫100kg，用酥油5kg。

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