大学英语(2)课后练习答案

Key to Exercises (Units 1-8)

Unit 1 Vocabulary

1) insert 2) on occasion 3) investigate 4) In retrospect 5) initial 6) phenomena 7) attached 8) make up for 9) is awaiting 10) exception 11) not... in the least 12) promote 13) working on 14) in due course 15) emerged 2.

1) There is a striking contrast between the standard of living in the north of the country and the south.

2) Natural fiber is said to be superior to synthetic fiber.

3) The city's importance as a financial center has evolved slowly. 4) His nationality is not relevant to whether he is a good lawyer.

5) The poems by a little-known sixteenth-century Italian poet have found their way into some English magazines. 3.

1) Chinese isn't a subject that can be picked up in a month. You can't accomplish your goal of mastering the language unless you work at it for years. Well, it sounds as if I'm exaggerating the difficulties, but the fact is I'm only telling the truth.

2) The principal is somewhat disappointed with the performance of the children. From what she has gathered, some of the teaching staff have neglected their pupils. She has just announced that strict work regulations have been made and that they apply to both Chinese and overseas teachers.

3) The teacher-directed and the child-directed approaches to teaching art represent two extremes of opinion. Too many teacher-directed activities cannot be expected to effectively assist children in learning because of the rigid structure. On the other hand, too many child-directed activities may see a curriculum that is totally unstructured and out of control. There are valid reasons to believe a teacher-guided approach would be a superior way to guide children's development. This approach combines some form of structure with the child leading the direction.

Confusable words 1.1) continual 2.

1) principal 5) principal

2) continuous 2) principal

3) continual 3) principle

4) continuous 4) principles

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Usage

1. themselves 2. himself / herself 3. herself / by herself / on her own 4. itself 5. ourselves 6. yourself / by yourself / on your own

Structure

1. 1) Simon's ill — so much so that he can't get out of bed.

2) She herself believed in freedom, so much so that she would rather die than live without it.

3) Piles of work have kept us busy — so much so that we can't manage to take a holiday this year.

4) Many contestants later failed drug tests, so much so that the race had to be rerun. 2. 1) Assuming (that) this painting really is a Picasso 2) Assuming (that) the proposal is accepted

3) assuming, of course, that she's prepared to listen

4) Even assuming (that) smokers do see the health warnings

Comprehensive Exercises I. Cloze (A)

1. contrast 2. exaggerating 3. priority 4. on the other hand 5. promoting 6. pick up 7. assist 8. accomplish 9. on occasion 10. neglecting 11. worthwhile 12. superior (B)

1. to 2. affect/influence 3. others 4. each/them 5. without 6. controlled 7. about 8. value 9. They 10. little 11. right 12. but 13. in 14. what 15. worth 16. and

II. Translation

I consider it worthwhile trying to summarize our experience in learning English. Here I would like to make three relevant points.

First, wide reading should be taken as a priority in the learning process, because it is through reading that we get the most language input. Next, learning by heart as many well-written essays as possible is also very important. On the one hand, rote learning/learning by rote is indeed of little help, but on the other hand, memorization/learning by heart with a good understanding will certainly be of benefit/do good to us. With an enormous store of excellent essays in our heads, we will find it much easier to express ourselves in English. Finally, it is critical that we should put what we have learned into practice. By doing more reading, writing, listening and speaking, we will be able to accomplish the task of perfecting our English.

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Part III Text B

Comprehension Check 1. c 2. c 3. d 4. a 5. c Language Practice 1. adopt 2. account 5. furthermore 6. fund 9. pace 10. intends 13. perspective 14. undoubtedly 17. access 18. resources 20. from your point of view

6. b

3. plus 7. annual 11. on demand 15. fell apart 19. deposit

4. ended up

8. keeping track of 12. devise 16. protest

Unit 2 Part II Text A Vocabulary I. 1. 1) local 2) headlines 3) deserved 4) folks 5) system 6) steer clear of 7) remote 8) get away with 9) open up 10) hold to 11) retire 12) rally 13) reserved 14) qualify 15) cultivate

2. 1) These serious problems deserve careful consideration in restructuring our educational systems.

2) The college is liable to stop her scholarship because of her failure in the final examination.

3) San Francisco is, by all accounts, a city easy to fall in love with.

4) Snow White received such bad treatment from her step-mother that she had to flee from her home.

5)The United States, Canada, and Mexico make up North America.

3. 1) The principal's daughter didn't receive special treatment from her teachers. She was rewarded for her excellent performance. When she graduated from high school in 1998, she had straight A's and scholarship offers from some of the most famous universities in the country.

2) Our boss is fully aware that his employees feel a lot of loyalty to the company because they are treated right. Besides a handsome pay check and a stock option, he has laid down a system under which employees are granted stock for their retirement. 3) You are liable to be offered a discount or a reduction on things you buy at the local supermarket on weekends.

II. Collocation 1. about 2. for 3. at/on 4. into 5. with 6. to 7. from 8. with

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III. Usage

1. a savings account 2. arms race 3. a goods train 4. communications equipment 5. a sales tax 6. a customs officer 7. a current affairs program 8. a clothes shop

Structure

1. 1) Only by rewarding success can you bring out the best in your employees.

2) Only by working at evenings and weekends was Mary able to complete the report by the deadline.

3) Only when I myself became a mother did I realize the value of my parents' advice. 4) Only after they had finished watching the football game did they begin to prepare for the math examination.

2. 1) The young woman described to the policemen the way the man ran up to her and grabbed the bag from her hand. 2) All the people working for Sam Walton admire the way he manages Wal-Mart and the way he treats his employees. 3) The neighbors were disgusted at the way he talked to his old father. 4) It's amazing the way the eight-year-old boy managed to stay so calm when he faced the emergency.

Comprehensive Exercises I. Cloze (A)

1. cheerful 2. threw his weight around 3. executive 4. treatment 5. reward 6. cultivate 7. loyalty 8. stock 9. qualified 10. scholarships 11. folks 12. local (B)

1. from 2. their 3. spent 4. away 5. through 6. to 7. built 8. who 9. led/lived 10. it 11. millionaires 12. then 13. answer 14. wealth 15. by 16. character

II. Translation

George was on the run since the moment he came aboard. He was always cheerful and devoted himself heart and soul to his work. Because of his excellent performance he was promoted to CEO. From then on he tried hard to blend in with the workers and never threw his weight around. He also laid down/ introduced a reward system to encourage the workers to work hard. He believed that loyalty and hard work would greatly contribute to the success of the company. By all accounts he was an outstanding chief executive officer.

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Part III Text B

Comprehension Check l. c 2. b 3. a

Language Practice 1. replace 5. conducted 9. confronted 13. resolve 17. In the opinion of

4. d 5. d 6. c

2. take ... on 6. range 10. call... in 14. related 18. of their choice 3. selected 7. additional 11. crisis 15. appeals to 19. factors 4. involved 8. tremendous 12. naturally 16. former 20. project

Unit 3 Part II Text A Vocabulary

1. 1) swallow 2) dumb 3) Overall 4) glorious 5) welfare 6) repeatedly 7) interference 8) fading 9) junior 10) frank 11) distract 12) at any rate 13) has narrowed down 14) in unison 15) has come over 2. 1) The security council consists of five generals and four police officers. 2) The new hotel will be in a location overlooking the lake. 3) I was embarrassed by her comments about my clothes.

4) Do you have any proof that it was Henry who stole the computer? The boy was exhausted after the long cycle ride.

3. 1) That exceptional stamp was handed down by your grandfather , and is worth a fortune. You should have known better than to trade it for a few drinks.

2) Company executives are always looking out for talented college graduates to hire as junior employees.

3) The doctor in charge of his case asked him to fill out one form after another, but kept him in suspense as to what they were for. II. Collocation 1. adequate 2. anxious 3. certain 4. content 5. crazy 6. likely 7. fortunate 8. keen III. Usage

1. be admitted 2. live 3. be postponed 4. buy 5. be banned 6. be Structure

1) I do whatever I can 2) Whatever does that mean 3) Whatever had happened 4) Whatever it is that you like

1) You ought to know better than to go swimming right after lunch.

2) Aunt Betty certainly knows better than to invest all her money in one company's stock.

3) Jenny is old enough to know better than to spend all her time playing computer

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games.

4) Allen should have known better than to lend such a large sum of money to that untrustworthy cousin of his.

Comprehensive Exercises I. Cloze (A)

1. welfare 2. constant 3. frank 4. talent 5. embarrassing 6. dumb 7. repeatedly 8. constant 9. interference 10. bet 11. Overall 12. trade (B) 1. send 2. should 3. picture 4. His 5. as 6. worse 7. too 8. consider 9. But 10. However 11. from 12.it 13. jacket 14. after 15. never

II. Translation

George, the son of Mr. Johnson, liked listening to heavy metal music in the evenings, and the noise interrupted the sleep of other residents in the community. Eventually the exhausted neighbors lost their patience and decided on direct interference. They called Mr. Johnson to tell him in a frank manner what they were thinking. Embarrassed, Mr. Johnson scolded his son: \should know better than to disturb others for the sake of your own interest.\As a result George traded his records for computer games software from his classmates. Overall, the whole thing has worked out quite satisfactorily.

Part III Text B

Comprehension Check l.d 2. a 3. b 4. c 5.d 6. b

Language Practice 1. sake 2. acknowledged 3. aware 4. embraced 5. mood 6. to the contrary 7. polished off 8. beneath 9. legal 10. rare 11. justify 12. define 13. disturbs 14. notion 15. look forward to 16. respond 17. have ... to yourself 18. Let go of 19. for her sake 20. contrary

Unit 4 Vocabulary

1. 1) conversely

2) relationship

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3) but then 4) symptom

5) spitting 6) abusing 7) tone 8) took (her) in 9) editing 10) communicate 11) Internet 12) insight 13) stretched 14) data 15) angles 2. 1) The sight of teenagers smoking cigarettes jars on me.

2) I turned on the TV just to relax a little bit after a heavy dinner, but soon I found myself getting sucked in by the fascinating plot of a science fiction film.

3) Jeffrey's computer crashed again this morning. The manager has arranged for a technician from the computer store to check and repair it.

4) During the Vietnam War, many young Americans fled their country to avoid military service.

Or: During the Vietnam War, many young Americans fled to other countries to avoid military service.

5) The new government is planning an anti-corruption campaign so as to restore people's confidence in it. 3.

1) The traditional school will never go away, but the virtual classroom is playing a more and more important role. Obviously, the online student relies on the computer. To get started, he must have his computer hooked up to the Internet through a phone line and modem. To be successful, he must keep up with the class and complete all work on time. Once he gets behind, it is almost impossible to catch up.

2) When the economy slows down, the worst nightmare for an employee is losing his job. In addition to money problems, the emotional stress is hard to bear. Hunting for a job is now the daily routine of many workers like Henry Smith. He fills out applications and writes resumes and submits them to various companies, expecting an interview. But in times of rising unemployment, even job interviews are hard to get. He takes great care not to miss any appointment, for if he missed it, it would be all but impossible to arrange for another one.

3) \more money into the IT industry and small investors are taking their cue,\the chairman in his concluding speech. It is clear from these remarks that the ever-optimistic economist has changed his tune.

II. Collocation

We came here all the way on foot.

Private cars are not allowed on campus. They are on vacation in Florida.

Mary has been talking to her friend on the phone for an hour. Don't worry, Lucy is always on time. Industrial demand on fuel is on the rise.

III. Usage l. hard 2. difficult 3. impossible 4. tough 5. hard 6. easy

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Structure

1. 1) Anyone who has talked with him will see Mark is a person of remarkable intelligence.

2) The book is of no value to one who is not familiar with the subject. 3) She is a woman of wealth. She never has to worry about money.

4) In today's job market, basic skills in computer science and foreign languages are of great importance.

2. 1) you will find yourself penniless in a month. 2) he found himself lying in a hospital ward

3) she found herself faced with the toughest job she had ever taken 4) Susan found herself in a trap from which she could not escape.

Comprehensive Exercises I. Cloze (A)

1. Internet 2. click 3. nightmare 4. sucked 5. email 6. rely 7. communicating 8. emotional 9. At times 10. flee 11. on line (B)

1. between 2. The 3. to 4. away 5. on 6. work 7. enables 8. local 9. reach 10. benefits 11. because 12. provides/brings 13. does 14. in 15. making 16. with 17. Nor 18. virtual

II. Translation

Perhaps you envy me for being able to work from home on the computer. I agree that the Internet has made my job a lot easier. I can write, submit and edit articles via email, chat with my colleagues on line and discuss work with my boss. With a click of the mouse, I can get all the data I need and keep up with the latest news. But then, communicating through the Net can be frustrating at times. The system may crash. Worse still, without the emotional cues of face-to-face communication, the typed words sometimes seem difficult to interpret.

Part III Text B

Comprehension check 1. c 2. a 3. a 4. b 5. d 6. c Language Practice 1. vehicle 2. hooked on 3. intense 4. communication 5. worldwide 6. overnight 7. individual 8. slipped 9. version 10. on the whole 11. called forth 12. outwards 13. acquaintances 14. Needless to say 15. to my knowledge 16. On top of that 17. innocent 18. tendencies 19. plot 20. Scattered

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Unit 5 Vocabulary

1. 1) startled 2) core 3) tension 4) tense 5) sweating 6) stretched out 7) vain 8) On one occasion 9) anxiety 10) detail 11) emotions 12) ashamed of 13) In my mind's eye 14) recurring 15) mere

2. 1) Mrs. White's birthday coincides with her husband's.

2) The writer was assisted in the preparation of this article by other members of her family.

3) It has been a week of alternate sunshine and rain.

4) Politics and philosophy had been his lifelong passions, although he studied economics at university.

5) She grew tense as she waited for her first TV interview.

3. 1) Jessica's victory in the World Championships, which has aroused the media's attention, again bears out the fact that she is one of the best gymnasts in the world. And no one can deny that it is a delight to watch her performing various skills with natural grace.

2) With so many relatives along with friends coming to their wedding to congratulate them on their marriage, the young couple felt like the happiest people in the world. Frank had made full preparations for his oral presentation. However, when he did begin to speak, he was so overwhelmed by the intensity of the situation that he couldn't find a way to relax himself and made numerous mistakes. II. Collocation

1) Mike, a Green, made the suggestion that a large park be built near the community. 2) In a letter to his daughter, Mr. Smith expressed his wish that she (should) continue her education to acquire still another degree.

3) There is no reason to hold the belief that humans have no direct moral responsibility to safeguard the welfare of animals.

4) Children need to feel safe about the world they grow up in, and it is unwise to give them the idea that everything they come into contact with might be a threat. 5) Anxiety can result from the notion that life has not treated us fairly. 6) Nobody believed his claim that he was innocent.

III. Words with Multiple Meanings

1.1 work out in the gym for one hour every morning.

2. Florence has worked as a cleaner at the factory for five years.

3. The wounded man worked his way across the field on his hands and knees. 4. The safe load for a truck of this type works out at about twenty-five tons. 5. It is difficult to understand how human minds work.

6. To my disappointment, the manager's plan of promoting the new products doesn't work at all.

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7. The teacher has a lot of experience of working with children who don't know how to learn.

8. The medicine began to work one hour after the child took it.

Structure 1.

1) It was his dream and hard work that made it possible for him to set a world record in the pole vault.

2) It was nine years ago that I began to learn English.

3) It is my parents who have exerted the greatest influence on me. 4) It was in Central Park that I met John.

2. 1) Obviously what the speaker wanted to emphasize was the impact of these findings rather than the process that led to these findings.

2) It seems that he is never bothered about what people would think about his behavior.

3) The CEO never hesitates to let his employees know what he is planning for the company.

4) The scientist will show the audience what a tele-operated robot can do for a family.

Comprehensive exercises I. Cloze (A)

1. In my mind's eye 2. detail 3. sweating 4. relax 5. tense 6. fantasy 7. preparation 8. congratulate 9. media 10. emotion (B)

1. what 2. for 3. an 4. rarely/never 5. will 6. longed/wished 7. got 8. Then 9. in 10. life 11. support 12. to 13. After 14. run 15. face 16. but

II. Translation

Psychologists have used numerous facts to bear out the argument/statement/claim that in order to recover speedily from negative emotion, you should allow yourself to cry. You needn't/ don't have to be ashamed of crying. Anxiety and sorrow can flow out of the body along with tears.

Consider the case of /Take Donna. Her son unfortunately died in a car accident. The intensity of the blow made her unable to cry. She said, \was not until two weeks later that I began to cry. And then I felt as if a big stone had been lifted from my shoulders. It was the tears that brought me back to earth.\

Part III Text B

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Comprehension Check l. b 2. c 3. b 4. b 5. c

Language Practice 1. aid 2. traits 3. inclined 5. horrible 6. penetrated 7. dismiss 9. impatient 10. progressive 11. optimistic 13. ease 14. hold on to 15. install 17. shortcomings 18. interval(s) 19. bumped

6. a

4. in spite of

8. has suffered from 12. to a degree 16. in good health 20. miserable

Unit 6 Vocabulary

1. 1) incredible 2) remainder 3) hits home 4) investment 5) by nature 6) lap 7) decorate 8) harmony 9) move on to 10) bulletin 11) at intervals 12) client 13) theory 14) item 15) military

2. 1) Though Roger is absolutely convinced that the plan will work, I am still skeptical of/about it.

2) Carol's worrying about her daughter has much to do with her being hooked on the Internet recently.

3) Alison's so disorganized— I wish she'd get her act together.

4) Despite her resolution not to believe such modern fairy tales any more, she couldn't resist the idea of admiring superheroines.

5) Mention of the controversy over the matter would still undo her. 3.

1) Don't be taken in by his charming manner; he is hard and cruel by nature and rarely shows pity for the poor.

2) The rescue team is racing the clock to salvage (打捞) the bodies of the sailors trapped in the sunken submarine (潜水艇) with sophisticated equipment.

3) The original draft of the declaration strongly reproaches some big powers for possessing large numbers of nuclear weapons and consuming too much of the earth's natural resources.

II. Synonyms 1. also 2. as well/too 3. too 4. also 5. as well/too 6. too 7. also 8. Also III. Usage

1. I used to hate jogging but I'm actually growing to like it now. 2. We didn't have the chance to see her — she was too busy.

3. It seems she was coming to understand it better as she grew older. 4. How did you manage to become a television anchorwoman?

5. Gradually I came to like the proposal she brought forward in the group discussion.

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6. You're becoming more and more like your mother. Structure

1. 1) If only it were that simple!

2) We could go out this afternoon if only it would stop raining.

3) If only she hadn't told David about that, everything would have been all right. 4) If only she hadn't come into the room at that particular moment.

2. 1) Tom is/was too intelligent for his class so he is/was not learning anything there.

2) The task is/was far too difficult for a nine-year-old. 3) There are/were too many people for such a small room.

4) The noise became too much for me so I went and complained.

Comprehensive Exercises I. Cloze (A)

1. incredible 2. corporation 3. care for 4. set aside 5. decorate 6. move on 7. put pen to paper 8. draft 9. piece of cake 10. get our act together 11. despite 12. charmed (B)

l. One 2. when 3. having 4. However 5. wrong 6. not 7. with 8. if 9. to 10. reads 11. in 12. should 13. true 14. up 15. Eventually 16. plus 17. later

II. Translation

Barbara has dreamed of becoming a CEO for a long time. To achieve her heart's desire, she applied for a job in many a multi-national corporation, but failed to get it. However, nothing seems to be able to undo her. With a loan from a local bank she opened a restaurant not long ago. While doing business she is having two young children to care for. Also, she is working at/studying for an MBA degree. Despite all this she manages to get her act together. Nevertheless, even to her, racing the clock is by no means a piece of cake. It's a very exhausting job.

Part III Text B

Comprehension Check l. b 2. a 3.d 4. b 5. d 6. c 7. a Language Practice 1. set out 2. renewed 3. temporary 4. temporary 5. weighed down 6. quit 7. plentiful 8. take all the credit 9. pleaded 10. died of 11. in control of 12. party 13. expense 14. lives for 15. reaction 16. semester 17. at every opportunity 18.stir 19. soak up 20. take …back

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Unit 7 Vocabulary

1. 1) independent 2) Strictly speaking 3) drifted 4) resembles 5) virtually 6) invaded 7) conquered 8) fascinating 9) snack 10) will be put into practice 11) classics 12) source 13) climate 14) surrendered 15) were ... aroused

2. 1) In the United States, private cars are an absolute necessity rather than a luxury. 2) Everyone thinks that the new member is a valuable addition to the football team. 3) I am afraid the fire will get out of control if the firemen do not arrive within ten minutes.

4) As all flights to the United States have been cancelled, you have no alternative but to go via Vancouver to get to Seattle.

5) The government has declared all beef imports will be banned for the next six months for fear of the spread of mad cow disease.

3. 1) Through systematic research, scientists have invented many drugs that are said to help us live longer, but the cause of aging remains, to a very real extent, one of life's mysteries.

2) The two parties have reached an agreement to establish a joint venture in Beijing, but before a formal contract is signed, some clauses in the draft agreement need to be modified/modifying so that no misunderstanding will arise as to their interpretation. 3) Our ancestors have passed onto us the wisdom that to ensure the long-lasting prosperity of a country, we must show tolerance for the errors made by those who strike out revolutionary paths. These people, with their new ideas and practice, will enrich the national experience.

II. Synonyms a) wish b) wish c) want d) wish/want a) skin b) hide/skin c) hide d) skin a) rear/raise b) raise c) rear/raise d) raise a) royal b) kingly/royal c) sovereign d) royal/kingly

III. Usage 1.Indeed 2. though 3. Frankly 4. Moreover 5. To my knowledge 6. however 7. Nevertheless 8. Yet 9. instead 10. in other words

Structure

1. We are literally crawling. There must be some traffic accident ahead. 2. Thomas sounds very knowledgeable about traditional Chinese medicine. He must have had some special training. 3. The draft document is complete in virtually every detail. It must have taken him months to prepare it.

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4. Cathy must have missed the train. She should have arrived here two hours ago. 5.What? It cost you one thousand dollars to fill a hollow tooth? You must be exaggerating! 2. 1) Are we supposed to deposit our bags before entering the supermarket? 2) The spaceship is supposed to land on Mars at 10:40 this morning. 3) As a car driver, you are supposed to know how to change a tire.

4) The nurses in the hospital are supposed to take good care of the patients. 5) We are supposed to speak only in English when we discuss text organization.

Comprehensive exercises I. Cloze (A)

1. fascinating 2. tolerance 3. invented 4. addition 5. ban 6. corrupt 7. out of control 8. establishing 9. Fortunately 10. Massive 11. sources 12.enrich (B) 1) early 2) those 3) found 4) must 5) source 6) further 7) in 8) began 9) how 10) in 11) given/delivered 12) than 13) by 14) so 15) without 16) common

II. Translation

Though how the English language came into existence remains a mystery, linguists/language scientists now tend to believe that English and most other European languages have descended from a common source; the Indo-European parent language. English was first spoken by the Anglo-Saxons who invaded England in the fifth century. They passed onto us the basic vocabu?lary of English. In its over 15 centuries of development, English has borrowed from other lan?guages massively, and such borrowing has greatly enriched its vocabulary. As settlers landed in America and established the United States as an independent nation, a new variety was added to the English language: American English. Though some people worry that the language is running out of control, many native speakers of English take pride in the tolerance of their language.

Part III Text B

Comprehension Check

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1. c 2. c

Language Practice 1. give way to 3. substantial 5. in transition 7. professionals 9. economic 11. authority 13. crude 15. shift 17. unique 19. rid yourself of

3. c 4. d 5. b 6. d

2. predict 4. integrate 6. aspect 8. genuine

10. to name a few 12. dominate 14. trend

16. had contributed to 18. exceeding 20. status

Unit 8 Vocabulary

I. 1. 1) universal 2) current 3) worked his way 4) deny 5) melt 6) came through 7) threat 8) combat 9) in the name of 10) raged 11) vote 12) concerns 13) in part 14) reality 15) urgent

2. 1) There has been much debate on the new teaching method invented by a young educationist.

2) Most kinds of cancer are fatal without proper treatment.

3) John has submitted an application for retirement at the age of 56 on the grounds of ill health.

4) Can you draw a distinction between these two approaches? They sound so similar to me.

5) Cars should stop at red traffic lights. Similarly, bicycles should stop, too.

3. 1) Ecologists constantly call for people to stop cutting trees for the sake of man's own future. As a matter of fact, more and more people have realized that man's fate is closely bound up with his environment.

2) We distinguish the excellent manager from the common one by observing his human relations skills to accommodate all kinds of conflicting interests within his company. The excellent manager can always create a lively atmosphere through various proposals and suggestions while the common one can do nothing more than complain about everything.

3) It goes against the grain of contemporary concept of ecology ( 生态学 ) to overuse our natural resources regardless of serious ecological consequences. While it is ridiculous to worship the earth to the point of excess, to ignore the fundamental principles of ecological balance is dangerous too.

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II. Confusable Words 1. 1) sensible 2) sensitive

3) sentimental 4) sensitive 5) sensible 6) sentimental 2. 1) conserve 2) preserves

3) conserve 4) preserving

III. Word Formation age-old 古老的 air force 空军

daughter-in-law 儿媳妇 first-rate 一流的 greenhouse 温室

half brother 同母异父兄弟；同父异母兄弟 ice-cream 冰激凌 lifelike 逼真的 light year 光年

salesperson 售货员；推销员

self-centered 以自己为中心的，自私的 threefold 三倍 overuse 过度使用

stone-still 石头似的一动不动

worldwide 全世界范围的；在全世界范围的

Structure

1. 1) Now that he has begun a new life in a foreign country, everything seems so different and he is understandably excited.

2) The things I've worked so hard for appear to me so shallow and worthless now that I've achieved them.

3) Now that the warmer months are coming, why don't you take the opportunity to travel around Siberia?

4) Now that she knew the whole truth she realized how stupid she had been not to suspect that her boyfriend was actually a spy.

2. 1) When Mount Qomolangma was remeasured in 1987 by a more accurate method, it was found to be 24 meters higher than previously believed. 2) The central heating system has proved less effective than originally hoped for. 3) The new electronic dictionary is sold at a much lower price than predicted. 4) Totally fed up with the noise in the surroundings of the hotel, Prof. Sherrington said he'd leave as soon as he finished his work and wouldn't stay there a moment longer than necessary.

Comprehensive Exercises I. Cloze

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(A)

1. concern 2.environment

3. excess 4.regardless

5. consequences 6.fatal

7. distinguish 8.urgent

9. distinctions 10.fundamental (B)

1. between 2. than 3. conserving 4. less 5. concern 6. that 7. own 8. more 9. use 10.mankind/man 11. as 12. which 13. lower 14. differences

II. Translation

It is relatively more difficult to call for poorly educated people to conserve resources because they tend to view resources as nothing more than handy materials, which they can never overuse to the point of excess. They are seldom aware of the fatal consequences of the ruin of nature. In contrast, most educated people bind their own well-being to that of nature and try to preserve nature on the grounds of self-preservation. Though it may be difficult to distinguish a good proposal from a bad one in our current debate on environmental issues, one contemporary commentator has argued that protecting the environment in the name of man should be our guiding principle.

Part III Text B

Comprehension Check 1. a 2. b 3. d 4. a 5. d 6. c Language Practice 1. nothing but 2. patches 3. get away from 4. spoil 5. Pollute 6. explosion 7. assumptions 8. enables 9. has rusted 10. washed up 11. dump 12. stained 13. substance 14. destruction 15. triumph 16. pinched 17. hardens 18. For all 19. Uttered 20. mankind

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